Automatic machining centering clamp for small parts

Abstract

The utility model provides a centering clamp for automatic machining of small parts. Comprising a bridge plate, a first oil cylinder seat, a centering bench clamp, a first center dividing pressing plate, a positioning seat, a second center dividing pressing plate, a second oil cylinder seat, a positioning key, an oil cylinder seat fixing screw, a first corner oil cylinder, a positioning seat fixing screw, a center dividing pressing plate fixing screw, a second corner oil cylinder, a first end face pressing plate, a second end face pressing plate, a nut and a corner oil cylinder screw. According to the clamp, positioning and clamping of a workpiece are completed mainly through the centering clamp and positioning in the other two directions, meanwhile, through auxiliary pressing of the end face pressing plate, reliable clamping in the whole machining process is guaranteed, and the stability of the whole machining process can be guaranteed while the product precision is guaranteed. The tool can be connected with a numerical control or hydraulic rotary table and a tailstock through the bridge plate, and machining of all working procedures of a workpiece is completed through rotation of the rotary table.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a small-part automatic processing centering fixture. Background Art

[0002] For the automated processing of small, centrally symmetrical parts, the traditional clamping method mostly uses a lever cylinder downward pressure plate to clamp the workpiece and achieve unilateral positioning in the X-axis direction. The lever cylinder used for auxiliary clamping of the end face needs to be loosened in advance before processing to avoid processing interference, which causes the front-end pressure plate to be unable to provide continuous clamping force. This solution uses unilateral positioning in the X-axis direction of the blank surface, which has high requirements for the symmetry of the blank. In the case of irregular blanks, there will be different degrees of deviation in the unilateral positioning of the blank. Affected by the accuracy of the blank shape, the symmetry center of the workpiece will have different degrees of eccentricity. Utility Model Content

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0004] The utility model provides a small parts automatic processing centering fixture to solve the technical problem of how to adapt to automatic processing, meet the automatic positioning and clamping of centrally symmetrical small parts, and make the workpiece meet the automatic loading and unloading, positioning and clamping convenient and accurate.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a small parts automatic processing centering fixture, which includes a bridge plate, a first cylinder seat, a centering vise, a first centering plate, a positioning seat, a second centering plate, a second cylinder seat, a positioning key, a cylinder seat fixing screw, a first angle cylinder, a positioning seat fixing screw, a centering plate fixing screw, a second angle cylinder, a first end face pressure plate, a second end face pressure plate, a nut and an angle cylinder screw; wherein,

[0007] The bottom of the bridge plate is connected to a servo or hydraulic turntable and a tailstock with a rotation positioning function to adapt to the automated processing of small parts, and the top of the bridge plate is used to fix the connection between the centering clamp, the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat; wherein the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the centering clamp through cylinder seat fixing screws, and the first angle cylinder and the second angle cylinder are respectively installed in the cylinder seat holes of the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat, and are fixed by angle cylinder screws; the first end face pressure plate and the second end face pressure plate are respectively installed on the piston rods of the first angle cylinder and the second angle cylinder, and are tightened and fixed by nuts and threads on the end of the piston rods;

[0008] The centering clamp is fixed to the top of the bridge plate by screws; a slide groove is arranged on the top of the centering clamp, and a slider is installed at the left and right ends of the slide groove respectively, and the first centering pressure plate and the second centering pressure plate are symmetrically installed on the top of the left and right sliders respectively by the centering pressure plate fixing screws and positioning keys; the structural design of the first centering pressure plate and the second centering pressure plate matches the shape of the workpiece, and the contact surfaces of the two pressure plates are tangent or fit to the surface of the workpiece, which is used to complete the positioning and clamping of the workpiece;

[0009] The positioning seat is installed at the middle position of the top of the centering clamp by the positioning seat fixing screws, and is provided with a Y-axis positioning surface and a Z-axis positioning surface; when the workpiece is placed on the positioning seat, the positioning seat uses the Y-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface to position the end surface of the workpiece from the Y-axis and Z-axis directions; wherein, the bottom surface of the workpiece contacts the Z-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat to achieve positioning in the Z-axis direction; the rear end surface of the workpiece contacts the Y-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat to achieve positioning in the Y-axis direction of the workpiece;

[0010] Through the action of the oil pressure from the system oil circuit, the slider of the centering clamp can drive the first center pressure plate and the second center pressure plate to position the workpiece in the X-axis direction, as well as to clamp and release the workpiece; when clamping the workpiece, the first corner cylinder moves counterclockwise and the second corner cylinder moves clockwise, and the first corner cylinder and the second corner cylinder respectively drive the first end face pressure plate and the second end face pressure plate, and use the thrust of the end face pressure plate to make the workpiece close to the Y-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat, and then the left and right sliders of the centering clamp respectively drive the first center pressure plate and the second center pressure plate to center and press the X-axis surface of the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping force of the centering clamp on the workpiece along the X-axis direction is greater than the clamping force of the first end surface pressure plate and the second end surface pressure plate on the workpiece along the Y-axis direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the bridge plate, the centering vise, the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat are all provided with internal oil circuits, and the hydraulic system control system controls the actuator components through the internal and external oil circuits to complete the clamping and loosening of the workpiece.

[0013] Furthermore, the first end surface pressure plate and the second end surface pressure plate are respectively provided with pin holes, and through the action of the oil cylinder and the cooperation between the pin holes and the anti-rotation pins, it can be ensured that the two end surface pressure plates are prevented from loosening and rotating in the clamping position.

[0014] Furthermore, a thread is processed on the end of the anti-rotation pin, which is fixed to the threaded hole of the cylinder seat through a through hole of the angle cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the pin holes on the first end surface pressure plate and the second end surface pressure plate are elliptical holes.

[0016] Furthermore, the bridge plate is provided with an air path, and the Z-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat is provided with an air hole, which has an air inspection function for the workpiece placed thereon. When the automated processing robot puts the workpiece into the fixture, it checks whether the bottom surface of the workpiece fits well with the Z-axis positioning surface. If the fit is not good, the machine tool can automatically alarm.

[0017] Furthermore, the bridge plate is machined with an inclined surface for facilitating chip removal and chip guiding.

[0018] Furthermore, the positioning seat is machined with an inclined surface for facilitating chip removal and chip guiding.

[0019] (III) Beneficial effects

[0020] The utility model proposes a small parts automated processing centering fixture, including a bridge plate, a first cylinder seat, a centering vise, a first centering pressure plate, a positioning seat, a second centering pressure plate, a second cylinder seat, a positioning key, a cylinder seat fixing screw, a first angle cylinder, a positioning seat fixing screw, a centering pressure plate fixing screw, a second angle cylinder, a first end face pressure plate, a second end face pressure plate, a nut and an angle cylinder screw. This fixture mainly completes the positioning and clamping of the workpiece through the centering clamp and positioning in the other two directions, and at the same time, through the auxiliary clamping of the end face pressure plate, the clamping reliability of the entire processing process is guaranteed, and the stability of the entire processing process can be ensured while ensuring the accuracy of the product. The tooling can be connected with a CNC or hydraulic turntable and a tailstock using a bridge plate, and all the processing steps of the workpiece can be completed by rotating the turntable.

[0021] The use of the centring clamp of the utility model can effectively solve the problems of central symmetry and automatic clamping of such workpieces, improve the processing effect, and enhance the product quality. At the same time, the end face adopts a cylinder pressure plate, which can avoid processing interference at the clamping part and ensure that the workpiece is in a continuous clamping state during the processing process, ensuring that the entire processing process is more stable and reliable. This clamp can realize the centring clamping of centrally symmetrical parts and reduce the influence of eccentric errors. It ensures that the automated processing process of the workpiece is accurate and reliable and meets the quality requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the clamping state of the small parts automatic processing centering fixture of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view of the clamping state of the small parts automated processing centering fixture of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA rotated section view;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the loosened state of the centering fixture for automatic processing of small parts of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a front view of the small parts automated processing centering fixture of the utility model in a released state;

[0027] Figure 6a This is a three-dimensional diagram of the centering clamp in the utility model when the workpiece is released. Figure 6b is the main view;

[0028] Figure 7a This is a three-dimensional diagram of the centering clamp in the utility model when the workpiece is released. Figure 7b is the main view;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the positioning seat in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, content and advantages of the utility model clearer, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0031] This embodiment provides a small parts automatic processing centering fixture, the overall structure of which is as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it mainly includes a bridge plate 1, a first cylinder seat 2, a centering vise 3, a first center pressure plate 4, a positioning seat 5, a second center pressure plate 6, a second cylinder seat 7, a positioning key 8, a cylinder seat fixing screw 9, a first corner cylinder 10, an anti-rotation pin 11, a positioning seat fixing screw 12, a center pressure plate fixing screw 13, a second corner cylinder 14, a first end face pressure plate 15, a second end face pressure plate 16, a nut 17 and a corner cylinder screw 18.

[0032] The bottom of the bridge plate 1 is connected to a servo or hydraulic turntable and tailstock with a rotation positioning function to adapt to the automated processing of small parts. The top of the bridge plate 1 is used to fix the centering clamp 3, the first cylinder seat 2 and the second cylinder seat 7. The first cylinder seat 2 and the second cylinder seat 7 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the centering clamp 3 through the cylinder seat fixing screws 9, and the first corner cylinder 10 and the second corner cylinder 14 are respectively installed in the cylinder seat holes of the first cylinder seat 2 and the second cylinder seat 7, and are fixed by the corner cylinder screws 18. The first end face pressure plate 15 and the second end face pressure plate 16 are respectively installed on the piston rods of the first corner cylinder 10 and the second corner cylinder 14, and are tightened and fixed with the threads of the piston rod end by the nut 17.

[0033] like Figure 6a , 6bAs shown in Figures 7a and 7b, the centering clamp 3 is fixed to the top of the bridge plate 1 by a set of screws. A slide groove is provided on the top of the centering clamp 3, and a slider 3-1 is installed at the left and right ends of the slide groove. The first centering pressure plate 4 and the second centering pressure plate 6 are symmetrically installed on the top of the left and right sliders 3-1 by the centering pressure plate fixing screws 13 and the positioning key 8 respectively. The structural design of the first centering pressure plate 4 and the second centering pressure plate 6 matches the shape of the workpiece 19, and the contact surfaces of the two pressure plates are tangent or fit to the surface of the workpiece 19, which is used to complete the positioning and clamping of the workpiece 19.

[0034] The positioning seat 5 is installed at the top middle position of the centering clamp 3 through the positioning seat fixing screw 12. Its specific structure is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, a Y-axis positioning surface and a Z-axis positioning surface are provided. The external structure of the positioning seat 5 needs to avoid the processing position of the workpiece while ensuring accurate positioning of the workpiece, preventing tool interference, and ensuring smooth chip removal.

[0035] When using the small parts automatic processing centering fixture of the utility model, the workpiece 19 is placed on the positioning seat 5, and the positioning seat 5 uses the Y-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface to position the end surface of the workpiece 19 from the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. Among them, the bottom surface of the workpiece 19 contacts the Z-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat 5 to achieve positioning in the Z-axis direction; the rear end surface of the workpiece 19 contacts the Y-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat 5 to achieve positioning in the Y-axis direction of the workpiece.

[0036] Through the action of the oil pressure from the system oil circuit, the slider of the centering clamp 3 can drive the first centering pressure plate 4 and the second centering pressure plate 6 to position the workpiece 19 in the X-axis direction, and to achieve the clamping and loosening of the workpiece 19.

[0037] When clamping the workpiece 19, the first corner cylinder 10 moves counterclockwise and the second corner cylinder 14 moves clockwise. The first corner cylinder 10 and the second corner cylinder 14 respectively drive the first end face pressure plate 15 and the second end face pressure plate 16, and use the thrust of the end face pressure plate to make the workpiece 19 close to the Y-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat 5. Then the centering clamp 3 drives the first centering pressure plate 4 and the second centering pressure plate 6 through the left and right sliders 3-1 to center and press the X-axis direction surface of the workpiece 19, which not only ensures that the workpiece positioning and clamping are firm and reliable during the entire processing and operation process, but also ensures that the pressure plates do not interfere with each other.

[0038] The clamping force of the centering clamp 3 on the workpiece 19 along the X-axis direction is greater than the clamping force of the first end surface pressure plate 15 and the second end surface pressure plate 16 on the workpiece 19 along the Y-axis direction. The centering clamp 3 has a self-centering effect on the workpiece 19 through the centering movement of the built-in slider. While clamping the workpiece 19, it can ensure the positioning of the workpiece 19 in the X-axis direction, realize automatic centering, that is, ensure the central symmetry of the workpiece 19, and ensure the consistency of the processing benchmark.

[0039] The bridge plate 1, the centering vise 3, the first cylinder seat 2 and the second cylinder seat 7 are all provided with built-in oil circuits. The hydraulic system control system controls the actuator components (centering vise 3, the first centering pressure plate 4, the second centering pressure plate 6, the first corner cylinder 10 and the second corner cylinder 14, the first end face pressure plate 15 and the second end face pressure plate 16) through the internal and external oil circuits to complete the clamping and loosening of the workpiece 19. The first end face pressure plate 15 and the second end face pressure plate 16 are respectively provided with pin holes. Through the action of the cylinder and the cooperation between the pin holes and the anti-rotation pin 11, it can be ensured that the two end face pressure plates are prevented from loosening and rotating in the clamping position. The end of the anti-rotation pin 11 is processed with threads and fixed to the threaded hole of the cylinder seat through a through hole of the corner cylinder. The pin holes of the first end face pressure plate 15 and the second end face pressure plate 16 are as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the shape is an elliptical hole, and the lengths of the long side and the short side are a and b respectively, which is used for positioning the anti-rotation pin 11.

[0040] The bridge plate 1 is provided with an air path, and the Z-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat 5 is provided with an air hole, which has an air detection function for the workpiece 19 placed thereon. When the automated processing robot puts the workpiece 19 into the fixture, it checks whether the bottom surface of the workpiece 19 fits well with the Z-axis positioning surface. If it does not fit well, the machine tool can automatically alarm. The bridge plate 1 and the positioning seat 5 and other parts are processed with inclined surfaces that are convenient for chip removal and chip guiding. Figure 1 and 2 The surface of the bridge plate 1 shown is an inclined surface with an angle, such as Figure 8 The locating seat shown is also machined with an inclined surface that is beneficial for chip guiding.

[0041] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small parts automated processing centering fixture, characterized in that: The automated processing centering fixture includes a bridge plate, a first cylinder seat, a centering vise, a first centering pressure plate, a positioning seat, a second centering pressure plate, a second cylinder seat, a positioning key, a cylinder seat fixing screw, a first angle cylinder, a positioning seat fixing screw, a centering pressure plate fixing screw, a second angle cylinder, a first end face pressure plate, a second end face pressure plate, a nut and an angle cylinder screw; wherein, The bottom of the bridge plate is connected to a servo or hydraulic turntable and a tailstock with a rotational positioning function to adapt to the automated processing of small parts, and the top of the bridge plate is used to fix the connection between the centering clamp, the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat; wherein the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the centering clamp through cylinder seat fixing screws, and the first angle cylinder and the second angle cylinder are respectively installed in the cylinder seat holes of the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat, and are fixed by angle cylinder screws; the first end face pressure plate and the second end face pressure plate are respectively installed on the piston rods of the first angle cylinder and the second angle cylinder, and are tightened and fixed by nuts and threads on the end of the piston rods; The centering clamp is fixed to the top of the bridge plate by screws; a slide groove is arranged on the top of the centering clamp, and a slider is installed at the left and right ends of the slide groove respectively; the first centering pressure plate and the second centering pressure plate are symmetrically installed on the top of the left and right sliders respectively by the centering pressure plate fixing screws and positioning keys; the structural design of the first centering pressure plate and the second centering pressure plate matches the shape of the workpiece, and the contact surfaces of the two pressure plates are tangent or fit to the surface of the workpiece, so as to complete the positioning and clamping of the workpiece; The positioning seat is installed at the middle position of the top of the centering clamp by the positioning seat fixing screw, and is provided with a Y-axis positioning surface and a Z-axis positioning surface; when the workpiece is placed on the positioning seat, the positioning seat uses the Y-axis positioning surface and the Z-axis positioning surface to position the end surface of the workpiece from the Y-axis and Z-axis directions; wherein the bottom surface of the workpiece contacts the Z-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat to achieve positioning in the Z-axis direction; the rear end surface of the workpiece contacts the Y-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat to achieve positioning in the Y-axis direction of the workpiece; Through the action of the oil pressure from the system oil circuit, the slider of the centering clamp can drive the first center pressure plate and the second center pressure plate to position the workpiece in the X-axis direction, as well as to clamp and release the workpiece; when clamping the workpiece, the first corner cylinder moves counterclockwise and the second corner cylinder moves clockwise, and the first corner cylinder and the second corner cylinder respectively drive the first end face pressure plate and the second end face pressure plate, and use the thrust of the end face pressure plate to make the workpiece close to the Y-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat, and then the left and right sliders of the centering clamp respectively drive the first center pressure plate and the second center pressure plate to center and press the X-axis surface of the workpiece.

2. The automated centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping force of the centering clamp on the workpiece along the X-axis direction is greater than the clamping force of the first end surface pressure plate and the second end surface pressure plate on the workpiece along the Y-axis direction.

3. The automated centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge plate, the centering vise, the first cylinder seat and the second cylinder seat are all provided with internal oil circuits. The hydraulic system control system controls the actuator components through the internal and external oil circuits to complete the clamping and loosening of the workpiece.

4. The automated centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end surface pressure plate and the second end surface pressure plate are respectively provided with pin holes. Through the action of the oil cylinder and the cooperation between the pin holes and the anti-rotation pins, it can be ensured that the two end surface pressure plates are prevented from loosening and rotating in the clamping position.

5. The automated centering fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the anti-rotation pin is processed with a thread and is fixed to the threaded hole of the cylinder seat through a through hole of the angle cylinder.

6. The automated centering fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pin holes on the first end surface pressing plate and the second end surface pressing plate are elliptical holes.

7. The automated centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge plate is provided with an air path, and the Z-axis positioning surface of the positioning seat is provided with an air hole, which has an air detection function for the workpiece placed thereon. When the automated processing robot puts the workpiece into the fixture, it checks whether the bottom surface of the workpiece fits with the Z-axis positioning surface. If the fit does not meet the requirements, the machine tool can automatically alarm.

8. The automated centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge plate is machined with an inclined surface for facilitating chip removal and chip guiding.

9. The automated centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning seat is machined with an inclined surface for facilitating chip removal and chip guiding.

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