Detachable spiral cutter biopsy device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a detachable spiral knife biopsy device which comprises a handle, a first transmission mechanism, a sleeve and a sleeve core. The first transmission mechanism is used for being connected with the sleeve and driving the sleeve to rotate through a motor. According to the utility model, the Archimedes screw is reversely rotated into an inner spiral structure to be manufactured into the sleeve inner spiral cutter, real-time controllable rotary cutting is carried out on a target focus, the stability and the safety of biopsy operation are improved, and a shooting type (core needle aspiration biopsy) and a negative pressure suction type biopsy mode (vacuum auxiliary biopsy) which are conventionally used at present can be replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a detachable spiral knife biopsy device. Background Art

[0002] Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years. There are about 400,000 new cases of breast cancer in my country each year. With the advancement and popularization of imaging technology, more and more breast lesions are detected. According to the suspicion of malignancy of these lesions, they are divided into 0 to 5 categories according to the BI-RADS classification system. Among them, most of the lesions diagnosed as BI-RADS categories 4 and 5 by imaging require puncture cytology or histology biopsy and then pathological diagnosis to distinguish whether they are breast cancer. For lesions that are clearly breast cancer, puncture histology sampling is often required for pathological molecular typing to guide clinical treatment. Therefore, puncture sampling for biopsy pathological diagnosis has become a routine diagnostic method for breast cancer lesions and suspected breast cancer lesions.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used methods for puncture and biopsy of breast lesions mainly include positioning methods such as cell aspiration biopsy, core needle puncture biopsy, and vacuum-assisted biopsy. However, these biopsy methods each have their obvious disadvantages. Some can only obtain cells but not tissue structures, while others can obtain tissue structures but the excised tissue is larger, which can easily lead to more bleeding and bruising. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a detachable spiral knife biopsy device for biopsy of breast lesions or tumor tissues.

[0005] A detachable spiral blade biopsy device comprises a handle, a first transmission mechanism and a sleeve; wherein:

[0006] The first transmission mechanism is arranged in the outer cavity of the handle, and is used to connect the sleeve and drive the sleeve to rotate forward or backward; the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a spiral cutter, and the front end of the sleeve is blade-shaped.

[0007] Furthermore, the first transmission mechanism includes a motor, a gear, and a screw, wherein the output end of the motor is connected to the gear; the outer surface of the rear end of the screw is provided with teeth, and the teeth and the surface of the gear are meshed and connected; the outer surface of the front end of the screw is provided with an external thread, and the inner surface of the outer cavity is provided with a first internal thread adapted to the external thread.

[0008] Furthermore, the first transmission mechanism also includes a trigger and a back button connected to the motor. When the trigger is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate forward, thereby driving the screw to rotate forward; when the back button is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate reversely, thereby driving the screw to rotate backward.

[0009] Furthermore, the sleeve is detachably connected to the front end of the screw.

[0010] Furthermore, a limit block is provided on the inner surface of the outer cavity to control the movement range of the screw.

[0011] Furthermore, a first displacement sensor and a protection circuit are provided inside the outer cavity. When the screw reaches the limit block, the protection circuit starts to disconnect the power supply of the motor.

[0012] Furthermore, the handle is provided with an inner cavity that passes through the screw, the inner cavity is rollingly connected to the screw and fixedly connected to the outer cavity; a stepper motor is arranged in the inner cavity to drive a sleeve core detachably connected to the stepper motor to rotate forward or backward in the inner cavity and the sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the sleeve core is provided with grooves adapted to the spiral cutter.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a wave switch for controlling the rotation of the stepper motor and a second displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the screw of the stepper motor.

[0015] Furthermore, a display screen is provided on the outer surface of the handle for displaying the moving distance of the sleeve or the sleeve core transmitted by the displacement sensor.

[0016] The utility model is beneficial in that:

[0017] (1) The Archimedean spiral is reversed into an inner spiral structure to make a sleeve inner spiral knife, which can perform real-time controllable excision of the target lesion, improve the stability and safety of the biopsy operation, and replace the currently commonly used gun-type (core needle puncture biopsy) and negative pressure suction biopsy methods (vacuum-assisted biopsy).

[0018] (2) The sleeve structure can be used for precise positioning. The target lesion is inserted into the sleeve, and the spiral cutter can be used to easily remove lesions of various hardness, thereby improving the success rate of biopsy compared to traditional biopsy methods.

[0019] (3) The amount of tissue biopsy can be adjusted in real time by using the steady advancement of the rotary cutter during the operation. Moreover, since the gun-like puncture method is avoided, various biopsy approach angles can be selected, avoiding the risk of collateral damage to surrounding organs. At the same time, since negative pressure suction is not required, not only the biopsy system is more simplified, but also the wound bleeding caused by negative pressure suction is reduced.

[0020] (4) The sleeve and sleeve core of the utility model can be disassembled and can be used once, which is convenient and fast and improves safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve core according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a sleeve according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the front and side three-dimensional structure of a sleeve of an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] The present invention provides a detachable spiral blade biopsy device, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a handle 1, a first transmission mechanism and a sleeve 7; wherein the first transmission mechanism is arranged inside the outer cavity 2 of the handle, and is used to connect the sleeve 7 and drive the sleeve 7 to rotate forward or backward.

[0028] The handle 1 can be set to a gun style for easy operation.

[0029] The inner wall of the sleeve 7 is provided with a spiral cutter 8, and the front end of the sleeve is blade-shaped. In this way, when the sleeve moves forward, the blade at the front end can cut into the tissue. Preferably, the spiral cutter is an Archimedean spiral reversed into an inner spiral structure to form a spiral cutter inside the sleeve.

[0030] The first transmission mechanism includes a motor 21, a gear 22 and a screw 4. The output end of the motor 21 is connected to the gear 22. The outer surface of the rear end of the screw 4 is provided with teeth 41. The teeth 41 and the surface of the gear 22 are meshed and connected. When the motor drives the gear 22 to rotate, the gear 22 drives the teeth 41 through meshing, thereby driving the screw 4 to rotate. The outer surface of the front end of the screw 4 is provided with an external thread 42, and the inner surface of the outer cavity is provided with a first internal thread adapted to the external thread 42. In this way, when the screw rotates, such as clockwise or counterclockwise, the screw will rotate forward or backward accordingly.

[0031] The first transmission mechanism also includes a trigger 23 and a back button 24 located on the handle 1 and connected to the motor 21. When the trigger 23 is pressed, the motor 21 drives the gear 22 to rotate forward, thereby driving the screw 4 to rotate forward; when the back button 24 is pressed, the motor 21 drives the gear 22 to rotate reversely, thereby driving the screw 4 to rotate backward.

[0032] A limiting structure 43 is also provided at the front end of the screw rod 4 so as to be detachably connected to the corresponding structure on the sleeve. There are many such structures. For example, a plurality of protruding triangular supporting feet are provided at the rear end of the sleeve. The limiting structure 43 is a triangular elastic groove. The supporting feet are inserted into the groove with force. The supporting feet can be clamped by the elasticity of the groove, thereby achieving the effect of stable fixation and the rotation of the screw rod 4 can drive the rotation of the sleeve. A snap-on structure can also be used, which will not be described one by one here.

[0033] In one embodiment, in order to prevent the screw 4 from slipping out of the outer cavity 2 or hitting the motor 21, a stopper 9 can be set on the inner surface of the front end of the outer cavity and the corresponding position of the outer cavity. When the screw encounters the stopper 9, it cannot move forward or backward, thereby controlling the movement range of the screw 4. However, the motor may be stuck at this time, so a preferred embodiment is: a first displacement sensor and a protection circuit are set inside the outer cavity, the protection circuit is connected to the motor, and when the screw reaches the stopper, the first displacement sensor sends a signal to the protection circuit, and the protection circuit starts to disconnect the motor power supply.

[0034] The power source can be a rechargeable battery or a lithium battery, etc., which can be set in the external cavity to power the motor and protection circuit, displacement sensor, display screen, etc.

[0035] In one embodiment, a display screen may be provided on the outer surface of the handle to display the moving distance of the sleeve sent by the first displacement sensor. The user may decide whether to continue rotating the sleeve by observing the moving distance, that is, to control the cutting depth during the operation.

[0036] In one embodiment, the handle 1 is provided with an inner cavity 3 penetrating the screw 4, the inner cavity 3 is rollingly connected to the screw 4 and fixedly connected to the outer cavity, that is, the inner cavity 3 is fixed to the outer cavity 2, and the screw 4 rotates around the inner cavity 3. The device also includes a sleeve core 5 with a groove 51 adapted to the spiral cutter 8 at the front end, and the sleeve core 5 can shuttle from the inner cavity 3 and the sleeve 7. The groove 51 of the sleeve core is adapted to the spiral cutter 8, so that the sleeve core 5 can rotate into the sleeve 7 or rotate out of the sleeve 7 when rotating.

[0037] The tail end of the sleeve core 5 is detachably connected to the stepper motor 31 arranged in the inner cavity 3. For example, the tail end is arranged in a nut shape, which can be threadedly connected to the output end 32 of the stepper motor 31 (the output end of the stepper motor 55 is generally a screw with external threads). After connection, the output end 32 of the stepper motor can drive the sleeve core 5 to rotate forward or backward.

[0038] A second displacement sensor may also be provided in the inner cavity 3, and a toggle switch 55 may be provided on the handle to control the forward or backward movement of the stepping motor. The moving distance of the sleeve core sent by the second displacement sensor may be displayed on a display screen for reference by the operator.

[0039] In one embodiment, the sleeve has an outer diameter of 1 cm and an inner diameter of 0.9 cm, and is used to remove lesions less than 0.8 cm in diameter. Another type is a biopsy knife for larger lesions, with an outer diameter of 0.5 cm and an inner diameter of 0.4 cm, and is used for biopsy of larger lesions or tumors (larger than 0.8 cm). The sleeve is hollow cylindrical in shape, 15 cm long, with a spiral blade having a long diameter of 2 cm (called a biopsy knife) or 3 cm (called a resection knife); the sleeve core is a 20 cm long stainless steel needle, with a conical needle tip at the end that can extend 0.5 cm out of the sleeve, and a thread length of 2 cm (biopsy knife core) or 3 cm (resection knife core).

[0040] Directions:

[0041] A. Ultrasound-guided excision of small lesions (using a thick sleeve to completely remove small lesions with a diameter of less than 0.8 cm):

[0042] (1) Installation: Press the wave switch 55 to control the output end of the stepper motor to extend out of the muzzle of the handle, connect the sleeve core with the output end of the stepper motor, such as rotating and fixing; press the trigger to extend the screw rod to the muzzle; then place the sleeve on the sleeve core and rotate it manually to completely cover the sleeve core, and then firmly connect the sleeve to the front end of the screw rod.

[0043] (2) Press the wave switch 55 to allow the stepper motor to drive the sleeve core to rotate forward, so that the tip of the sleeve core extends out of the sleeve (for example, 0.5 cm). After local anesthesia of the skin and subcutaneous tissue at the pre-puncture point, the sleeve with core is inserted into the breast tissue toward the lesion through the puncture point under the guidance of B-ultrasound until the tip of the sleeve core slightly penetrates the middle of the lesion. The sleeve is placed directly against the lesion. It is expected that the sleeve can completely cover the small lesion.

[0044] (3) Fix the position of the sleeve and press the wave switch to allow the stepper motor to drive the sleeve core to rotate in the opposite direction to exit the sleeve. Pull the trigger to start the motor to drive the sleeve to rotate forward. Use the sharp blade at the end of the sleeve and the spiral knife inside the sleeve to cut the lesion until the lesion is completely eaten into the sleeve, and then rotate forward 0.5-1cm.

[0045] (3) The sleeve is directly withdrawn outward. The end of the tissue strip that has been cut into a screw shape will be gradually straightened and can be cut by the spiral blade during the pulling process. The selected tissue is then taken out by the sleeve.

[0046] (4) After disinfection, the puncture site is covered with a sterile dressing and local pressure bandage is applied for 24 hours.

[0047] (5) The sleeve core is screwed into the sleeve, and the excised tissue strip is pushed out from the end of the sleeve.

[0048] B. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of large lesions (using thin sleeves for larger lesions):

[0049] (1) Installation: Press the wave switch 55 to control the output end of the stepper motor to extend out of the muzzle of the handle, connect the sleeve core with the output end of the stepper motor, such as rotating and fixing; press the trigger to extend the screw rod to the muzzle; then place the sleeve on the sleeve core and rotate it manually to completely cover the sleeve core, and then firmly connect the sleeve to the front end of the screw rod.

[0050] (2) Press the wave switch 55 to allow the stepper motor to drive the sleeve core to rotate forward, so that the tip of the sleeve core extends out of the sleeve (for example, 0.5 cm). After local anesthesia of the skin and subcutaneous tissue at the pre-puncture point, the sleeve with core is inserted into the breast tissue toward the lesion through the puncture point under the guidance of B-ultrasound until the tip of the sleeve core slightly penetrates the lesion.

[0051] (3) Fix the position of the sleeve and press the wave switch to allow the stepper motor to drive the sleeve core to rotate in the opposite direction to exit the sleeve. Pull the trigger to start the motor to drive the sleeve to rotate forward. Use the sharp edge at the end of the sleeve and the spiral knife inside the sleeve to cut the lesion. Determine the length of the screw-in cut based on the actual size of the lesion and the required biopsy volume.

[0052] (4) The sleeve is directly withdrawn outward. The end of the tissue strip that has been cut into a screw shape will be gradually straightened and can be cut by the spiral blade during the pulling process. The selected tissue is then taken out by the sleeve.

[0053] (5) Alternatively, the wave switch may be pressed, and the sleeve core may be screwed into the sleeve, pushing the excised tissue strip out from the end of the sleeve.

[0054] The sleeve and the sleeve core of the utility model are detachable, so the problem of incomplete disinfection during repeated use can be avoided, and sleeves and sleeve cores of different specifications can also be manufactured to meet the needs of excising different tissues.

[0055] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected.

Claims

1. A detachable spiral blade biopsy device, characterized in that: It includes a handle, a first transmission mechanism and a sleeve; wherein, The first transmission mechanism is disposed in the outer cavity of the handle, and is used to connect the sleeve and drive the sleeve to rotate forward or backward; The sleeve has a spiral cutter on its inner wall and a blade-shaped front end; The handle is provided with an inner cavity penetrating the screw rod, and a stepping motor is arranged in the inner cavity for driving a sleeve core detachably connected to the stepping motor to rotate forward or backward in the inner cavity and the sleeve.

2. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first transmission mechanism includes a motor, a gear, and a screw. The output end of the motor is connected to the gear. The outer surface of the rear end of the screw is provided with teeth, and the teeth are meshed with the surface of the gear. The outer surface of the front end of the screw is provided with an external thread, and the inner surface of the outer cavity is provided with a first internal thread adapted to the external thread.

3. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first transmission mechanism also includes a trigger and a back button connected to the motor. When the trigger is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate forward, thereby driving the screw to rotate forward; when the back button is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate reversely, thereby driving the screw to rotate backward.

4. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve is detachably connected to the front end of the screw rod.

5. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limit block is arranged on the inner surface of the outer cavity to control the moving range of the screw.

6. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first displacement sensor and a protection circuit are arranged inside the outer cavity. When the screw reaches the limit block, the protection circuit starts to disconnect the power supply of the motor.

7. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner cavity is rollingly connected to the screw rod and fixedly connected to the outer cavity.

8. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the sleeve core is provided with grooves adapted to the spiral cutter.

9. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a wave switch for controlling the rotation of the stepping motor and a second displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the screw of the stepping motor.

10. The detachable spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that: A display screen is arranged on the outer surface of the handle, which is used to display the moving distance of the sleeve or the sleeve core sent by the displacement sensor.

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