Medical reamer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a medical reamer. The utility model provides a reamer which comprises a reamer body, a reamer rod and a reamer handle. A cutter body is arranged at one end of the cutter bar, and a cutter handle is arranged at the other end of the cutter bar; wherein the cutter body comprises a group of end blades, a group of circumferential blades and a group of chip flutes; the end edge is arranged at the top end of the cutter body and distributed around the center of the top end of the cutter body, and the relief angle of the end edge is 5-10 degrees; the circumferential blades are arranged on the circumferential side of the cutter body, are spiral and are in one-to-one correspondence with the end blades, and the relief angles of the circumferential blades are 10-20 degrees; and a chip pocket is formed between every two adjacent peripheral blades. The cutter body is used for cutting bone tissues, and the end edge relief angle is 5-10 degrees, so that the strength and durability of the end edge are ensured, and the sharpness of the end edge is enhanced; due to the fact that the peripheral edge relief angle ranges from 10 degrees to 20 degrees, the cutting edge can enter bone tissue more easily and conduct cutting, and the cutting efficiency of the reamer is improved. The reamer can bear axial force and radial force at the same time when in use through the cooperation of the end edge and the circumferential edge, and the stress dispersion effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to a medical reamer. Background Art

[0002] Reamers are widely used in medical surgical operations, such as for expanding or reaming holes, medullary cavity reconstruction and expansion in orthopedic surgery. Among them, the sharpness, durability and stability of the reamer directly affect the success rate of the operation. If the reamer is not sharp enough, it will affect the cutting effect of the reamer, resulting in incomplete and uneven cutting surface of the valley bone tissue, affecting the healing of the bone tissue; if the durability of the reamer is not good, the sharpness of the reamer will decrease rapidly as the cutting progresses during the operation, which will also affect the cutting surface effect; if the reamer is not stable enough, it will cause the reamer to cut inaccurately, greatly affecting the doctor's surgical operation.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to design a medical reamer that takes into account sharpness, durability and stability. Utility Model Content

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a medical reamer, which has excellent sharpness, durability and stability and can be used for cutting and trimming bone tissue.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions: a medical reamer, including a knife body, a knife rod and a knife handle; a knife body is provided at one end of the knife rod, and a knife handle is provided at the other end of the knife rod; wherein the knife body includes a group of end blades, a group of peripheral blades and a group of chip grooves; the end blades are arranged at the top end of the knife body, distributed around the center of the top end of the knife body, and the end blade back angle is 5°-10°; the peripheral blades are arranged on the peripheral side of the knife body, in a spiral shape, corresponding one to one with the end blades, and the peripheral blade back angle is 10°-20°; chip grooves are formed between adjacent peripheral blades.

[0006] The above-mentioned medical reamer is suitable for scenes such as expanding or reaming holes, medullary cavity reconstruction and expansion in orthopedic surgery. The knife body is used to cut bone tissue. The end blade back angle of 5°-10° not only ensures the strength and durability of the end blade, but also enhances the sharpness of the end blade; the spirally arranged peripheral blade can effectively disperse the cutting force to the entire surface of the knife body, thereby reducing the cutting load and reducing the wear of the knife body. The peripheral blade back angle of 10°-20° makes it easier for the cutting edge to enter the bone tissue and cut, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the reamer. In addition, the combination of the end blade and the peripheral blade enables the reamer to be subjected to axial force and radial force at the same time when in use, achieving the effect of stress dispersion.

[0007] Furthermore, the above-mentioned medical reamer has a blade body provided with 6 end blades and 6 peripheral blades; the peripheral blades extend from the end blades to the entire blade body. The blade body adopts a combination of 6 end blades and 6 peripheral blades, which increases the number of cutting blades, increases the cutting area, and improves the cutting efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned medical reamer, the flute back ratio of the chip flute is between 4.5:1 and 5.5:1. The design of flute width and small back makes the back of the chip flute narrower, which helps the chips to be discharged smoothly during the cutting process, reduces the accumulation of chips in the flute and prevents chip blockage.

[0009] Furthermore, the medical reamer has a cooling water hole in the blade body; the cooling water hole runs through the entire reamer along the central axis of the blade body. The cooling water hole in the center of the reamer can spray water to cool down during the cutting process, effectively reducing the temperature of the blade body and the cutting area to a safe level, thereby protecting bone cells from overheating.

[0010] Furthermore, the handle of the medical reamer includes a limiting portion, a connecting portion and a locking portion; the limiting portion and the locking portion are arranged at both ends of the connecting portion, and the limiting portion is close to the shank. The handle of the medical reamer can be connected to a quick-connect handle. The quick-connect handle is one of the common medical instruments and tools, which is used to clamp the reamer during orthopedic surgery to assist the doctor in completing the surgery. Through the handle, the reamer can cooperate accurately with the quick-connect handle, so that the doctor can better control the reamer, thereby achieving a more precise cutting operation.

[0011] Furthermore, the medical reamer has a set of radially extending limit blocks on the side wall of the limit portion to form a limit step. The limit blocks can abut against the quick-connect handle, thereby limiting the axial position of the quick-connect handle so that it does not exceed the handle portion of the reamer.

[0012] Furthermore, the connection part of the medical reamer includes a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove; the first positioning groove is formed on the side wall of the connection part along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reamer; the second positioning groove is formed on the side wall of the connection part along the direction of the axis of the reamer. The first positioning groove and the second positioning groove can help the doctor to accurately position the quick-connect handle to ensure that the quick-connect handle is in the correct position when the reamer is used.

[0013] Furthermore, in the medical reamer, a locking thread is arranged on the peripheral side of the locking part, and the thread structure is spirally arranged around the locking part. The thread structure is tightened by rotation, so that the handle is connected to the quick-connect handle.

[0014] Furthermore, the medical reamer has a titanium nitride coating on the surface of the blade, which can increase the hardness of the blade surface and improve its wear resistance.

[0015] Furthermore, the medical reamer has an anti-skid layer on the surface of the shank and the handle, which can increase the friction coefficient between the shank and the handle surface, thereby making the reamer more secure when matched with the quick-connect handle.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the medical reamer provided by the utility model is provided with an end blade back angle of 5°-10° and a peripheral blade back angle of 10°-20°, which not only enhances the sharpness of the reamer but also maintains the durability of the reamer; the cooperation between the end blade and the peripheral blade allows the reamer to be subjected to axial force and radial force at the same time when in use, achieving the effect of stress dispersion and improving the stability of the reamer. In addition, the reamer is connected to the quick-connect handle through the handle, making the medical reamer more stable and precise when in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the medical reamer of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the knife body of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the top end of the knife body of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the knife handle of the utility model.

[0021] In the figure: 1. tool body; 2. tool rod; 3. tool handle; 11. end blade; 12. peripheral blade; 13. chip groove; 14. cooling water hole; 31. limiting part; 311. limiting block; 32. connecting part; 321. first positioning groove; 322. second positioning groove; 33. locking part; 331. locking thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The above-mentioned medical reamer is introduced below through multiple embodiments. The reamer can be used for expanding or reaming holes, reconstructing and expanding medullary cavities, and other scenarios in orthopedic surgery.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a medical reamer comprises: a knife body 1, a knife rod 2 and a knife handle 3; Figure 2 As shown, the cutter body 1 includes a group of end cutting edges 11, a group of peripheral cutting edges 12 and a group of chip grooves 13; the end cutting edges 11 are arranged at the top end of the cutter body 1, distributed around the center of the top end of the cutter body 1, and the end cutting edge back angle is 5°; the peripheral cutting edges 12 are arranged on the peripheral side of the cutter body 1, in a spiral shape, corresponding to the end cutting edges 11 one by one, and the peripheral cutting edge back angle is 10°; chip grooves 13 are formed between adjacent peripheral cutting edges 12.

[0025] During the operation, the doctor connects the reamer to the quick-connect handle through the handle 3, then aligns the blade body 1 with the position of the bone tissue to be cut, and then rotates the reamer to cut. The end blade 11 with a back angle of 5° can easily cut the bone tissue, and the peripheral blade 12 with a back angle of 10° can assist the end blade 11 in digging or expanding the hole; at the same time, the blade body 1 is provided with a chip groove 13, and the tissue debris generated during the cutting process enters the chip groove 13 along the spiral peripheral blade 12, and when the reamer is pulled out, the accumulated chips can be taken out of the bone tissue for cleaning.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutter body 1 is provided with 6 end edges 11 and 6 peripheral edges 12; the peripheral edges 12 extend from the end edges 11 to the entire cutter body 1. The cutter body 1 adopts a combination of 6 end edges 11 and 6 peripheral edges 12, which increases the cutting area of ​​the cutter body 1, thereby improving the cutting speed.

[0027] The groove back ratio of the chip groove 13 is 4.5: 1. The design of the groove width and small back makes the back of the chip groove 13 relatively narrow, which helps the chips to be discharged smoothly during the cutting process, and can reduce the accumulation of chips in the groove and prevent chip blockage.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutter body 1 includes a cooling water hole 14; the cooling water hole 14 runs through the entire reamer along the central axis of the cutter body 1. When in use, the cooling water hole 14 in the center of the reamer can spray water to cool down, reduce the temperature of the cutter body 1 and the cutting area to a safe level, and thus protect bone cells from overheating.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the handle 3 includes a limiting portion 31, a connecting portion 32 and a locking portion 33; the limiting portion 31 and the locking portion 33 are arranged at both ends of the connecting portion 32, and the limiting portion 31 is close to the shank 2. The handle 3 of the medical reamer can be connected to a quick-connect handle. The quick-connect handle is one of the common medical instruments and tools, which is used to clamp the reamer during orthopedic surgery to assist the doctor in completing the surgery. Through the handle 3, the reamer can cooperate accurately with the quick-connect handle, so that the doctor can better control the reamer, thereby achieving a more accurate cutting operation.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, a group of limit blocks 311 are radially extended on the side wall of the limit portion 31 to form a limit step. The limit blocks 311 abut against the quick-connect handle, thereby limiting the axial position of the quick-connect handle so that it does not exceed the handle 3 of the reamer.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, the connecting portion 32 includes a first positioning groove 321 and a second positioning groove 322; the first positioning groove 321 is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion 32 along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reamer; the second positioning groove 322 is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion 32 along the axis of the reamer. The first positioning groove 321 and the second positioning groove 322 can help the doctor to accurately position the quick-connect handle to ensure that the quick-connect handle is in the correct position when the reamer is used.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, a locking thread 331 is provided on the peripheral side of the locking portion 33, and the thread structure is spirally arranged around the locking portion 33. The thread structure is tightened by rotation, so that the handle 3 is connected to the quick-connect handle.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a medical reamer comprises: a knife body 1, a knife rod 2 and a knife handle 3; Figure 2 As shown, the cutter body 1 includes a group of end cutting edges 11, a group of peripheral cutting edges 12 and a group of chip grooves 13; the end cutting edges 11 are arranged at the top end of the cutter body 1, distributed around the center of the top end of the cutter body 1, and the end cutting edge back angle is 10°; the peripheral cutting edges 12 are arranged on the peripheral side of the cutter body 1, in a spiral shape, corresponding to the end cutting edges 11 one by one, and the peripheral cutting edge back angle is 20°; chip grooves 13 are formed between adjacent peripheral cutting edges 12.

[0035] During the operation, the doctor connects the reamer to the quick-connect handle through the handle 3, and then aligns the blade body 1 with the position of the bone tissue to be cut, and then rotates the reamer to cut. The end blade 11 with a back angle of 10° can easily cut the bone tissue, and the peripheral blade 12 with a back angle of 20° can assist the end blade 11 in digging or expanding the hole; at the same time, the blade body 1 is provided with a chip groove 13, and the tissue debris generated during the cutting process enters the chip groove 13 along the spiral peripheral blade 12, and when the reamer is pulled out, the accumulated chips can be taken out of the bone tissue for cleaning.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutter body 1 is provided with 6 end edges 11 and 6 peripheral edges 12; the peripheral edges 12 extend from the end edges 11 to the entire cutter body 1. The cutter body 1 adopts a combination of 6 end edges 11 and 6 peripheral edges 12, which increases the cutting area of ​​the cutter body 1, thereby improving the cutting speed.

[0037] The groove back ratio of the chip groove 13 is 5.5: 1. The design of the groove width and small back makes the back of the chip groove 13 relatively narrow, which helps the chips to be discharged smoothly during the cutting process, and can reduce the accumulation of chips in the groove and prevent chip blockage.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, the cutter body 1 includes a cooling water hole 14; the cooling water hole 14 runs through the entire reamer along the central axis of the cutter body 1. When in use, the cooling water hole 14 in the center of the reamer can spray water to cool down, reduce the temperature of the cutter body 1 and the cutting area to a safe level, and thus protect bone cells from overheating.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the handle 3 includes a limiting portion 31, a connecting portion 32 and a locking portion 33; the limiting portion 31 and the locking portion 33 are arranged at both ends of the connecting portion 32, and the limiting portion 31 is close to the shank 2. The handle 3 of the medical reamer can be connected to a quick-connect handle. The quick-connect handle is one of the common medical instruments and tools, which is used to clamp the reamer during orthopedic surgery to assist the doctor in completing the surgery. Through the handle 3, the reamer can cooperate accurately with the quick-connect handle, so that the doctor can better control the reamer, thereby achieving a more accurate cutting operation.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, a group of limit blocks 311 are radially extended on the side wall of the limit portion 31 to form a limit step. The limit blocks 311 abut against the quick-connect handle, thereby limiting the axial position of the quick-connect handle so that it does not exceed the handle 3 of the reamer.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the connecting portion 32 includes a first positioning groove 321 and a second positioning groove 322; the first positioning groove 321 is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion 32 along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reamer; the second positioning groove 322 is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion 32 along the axis of the reamer. The first positioning groove 321 and the second positioning groove 322 can help the doctor to accurately position the quick-connect handle to ensure that the quick-connect handle is in the correct position when the reamer is used.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, a locking thread 331 is provided on the peripheral side of the locking portion 33, and the thread structure is spirally arranged around the locking portion 33. The thread structure is tightened by rotation, so that the handle 3 is connected to the quick-connect handle.

[0043] In addition, a titanium nitride coating is provided on the surface of the cutter body 1 to increase the hardness of the surface of the cutter body 1 and improve the wear resistance.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a medical reamer comprises: a knife body 1, a knife rod 2 and a knife handle 3; Figure 2 As shown, the cutter body 1 includes a group of end cutting edges 11, a group of peripheral cutting edges 12 and a group of chip grooves 13; the end cutting edges 11 are arranged at the top end of the cutter body 1, distributed around the center of the top end of the cutter body 1, and the end cutting edge back angle is 7.5°; the peripheral cutting edges 12 are arranged on the peripheral side of the cutter body 1, in a spiral shape, corresponding to the end cutting edges 11 one by one, and the peripheral cutting edge back angle is 15°; chip grooves 13 are formed between adjacent peripheral cutting edges 12.

[0046] During the operation, the doctor connects the reamer to the quick-connect handle through the handle 3, then aligns the blade body 1 with the position of the bone tissue to be cut, and then rotates the reamer to cut. The end blade 11 with a back angle of 7.5° can easily cut the bone tissue, and the peripheral blade 12 with a back angle of 15° can assist the end blade 11 in digging or expanding the hole; at the same time, the blade body 1 is provided with a chip groove 13, and the tissue debris generated during the cutting process enters the chip groove 13 along the spiral peripheral blade 12, and when the reamer is pulled out, the accumulated chips can be taken out of the bone tissue for cleaning.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutter body 1 is provided with 6 end edges 11 and 6 peripheral edges 12; the peripheral edges 12 extend from the end edges 11 to the entire cutter body 1. The cutter body 1 adopts a combination of 6 end edges 11 and 6 peripheral edges 12, which increases the cutting area of ​​the cutter body 1, thereby improving the cutting speed.

[0048] The groove back ratio of the chip groove 13 is 5: 1. The design of the groove width and small back makes the back of the chip groove 13 relatively narrow, which helps the chips to be discharged smoothly during the cutting process, and can reduce the accumulation of chips in the groove and prevent chip blockage.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutter body 1 includes a cooling water hole 14; the cooling water hole 14 runs through the entire reamer along the central axis of the cutter body 1. When in use, the cooling water hole 14 in the center of the reamer can spray water to cool down, reduce the temperature of the cutter body 1 and the cutting area to a safe level, and thus protect bone cells from overheating.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the handle 3 includes a limiting portion 31, a connecting portion 32 and a locking portion 33; the limiting portion 31 and the locking portion 33 are arranged at both ends of the connecting portion 32, and the limiting portion 31 is close to the shank 2. The handle 3 of the medical reamer can be connected to a quick-connect handle. The quick-connect handle is one of the common medical instruments and tools, which is used to clamp the reamer during orthopedic surgery to assist the doctor in completing the surgery. Through the handle 3, the reamer can cooperate accurately with the quick-connect handle, so that the doctor can better control the reamer, thereby achieving a more accurate cutting operation.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, a group of limit blocks 311 are radially extended on the side wall of the limit portion 31 to form a limit step. The limit blocks 311 abut against the quick-connect handle, thereby limiting the axial position of the quick-connect handle so that it does not exceed the handle 3 of the reamer.

[0052] like Figure 4As shown, the connecting portion 32 includes a first positioning groove 321 and a second positioning groove 322; the first positioning groove 321 is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion 32 along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reamer; the second positioning groove 322 is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion 32 along the axis of the reamer. The first positioning groove 321 and the second positioning groove 322 can help the doctor to accurately position the quick-connect handle to ensure that the quick-connect handle is in the correct position when the reamer is used.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, a locking thread 331 is provided on the peripheral side of the locking portion 33, and the thread structure is spirally arranged around the locking portion 33. The thread structure is tightened by rotation, so that the handle 3 is connected to the quick-connect handle.

[0054] In addition, the surface of the shank 2 and the handle 3 is provided with an anti-skid layer. The anti-skid layer adopts a glass bead sandblasting process, and the glass beads are sprayed at high speed onto the surface of the shank 2 and the handle 3 through high-pressure air, so that the glass beads collide with the surface of the shank 2 and the handle 3, thereby generating slight wear and tear, achieving a frosted effect. The provision of the anti-skid layer increases the friction coefficient of the surface of the shank 2 and the handle 3, so that the reamer is more firmly matched with the quick-connect handle.

Claims

1. A medical reamer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutter body (1), a cutter bar (2) and a cutter handle (3); the cutter body (1) is provided at one end of the cutter bar (2), and the cutter handle (3) is provided at the other end of the cutter bar (2); wherein the cutter body (1) comprises a group of end cutting edges (11), a group of peripheral cutting edges (12) and a group of chip grooves (13); the end cutting edges (11) are arranged at the top end of the cutter body (1), distributed around the center of the top end of the cutter body (1), and have an end cutting edge clearance angle of 5°-10°; the peripheral cutting edges (12) are arranged on the circumference of the cutter body (1), are spirally arranged, correspond one to one with the end cutting edges (11), and have a peripheral cutting edge clearance angle of 10°-20°; and chip grooves (13) are formed between adjacent peripheral cutting edges (12).

2. The medical reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife body (1) is provided with six end edges (11) and six peripheral edges (12); the peripheral edges (12) extend from the end edges (11) to the entire knife body (1).

3. The medical reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flute-to-back ratio of the chip groove (13) is between 4.5:1 and 5.5:

1.

4. The medical reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter body (1) comprises a cooling water hole (14); the cooling water hole (14) is arranged along the central axis of the cutter body (1) and penetrates the entire reamer.

5. The medical reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife handle (3) comprises a limiting portion (31), a connecting portion (32) and a locking portion (33); the limiting portion (31) and the locking portion (33) are arranged at two ends of the connecting portion (32), and the limiting portion (31) is close to the knife rod (2).

6. The medical reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A group of limiting blocks (311) are radially extended on the side wall of the limiting portion (31) to form a limiting step.

7. The medical reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting portion (32) comprises a first positioning groove (321) and a second positioning groove (322); the first positioning groove (321) is formed on a side wall of the connecting portion (32) along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reamer; the second positioning groove (322) is formed on the side wall of the connecting portion (32) along the direction of the axis of the reamer.

8. The medical reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A locking thread (331) is provided on the circumferential side of the locking portion (33), and the locking thread (331) is spirally wound around the locking portion (33).

9. The medical reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the blade body (1) is provided with a titanium nitride coating.

10. The medical reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the knife rod (2) and the knife handle (3) are provided with an anti-slip layer.

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