Methanol synthesis reactor
By setting up an oil bath chamber in the methanol synthesis reactor and using a temperature transmitter to achieve constant temperature control of the oil, the problem of temperature equalization and rapid adjustment of the reaction chamber is solved, and the efficiency and effect of the synthesis reaction are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421650834.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-12
AI Technical Summary
The existing methanol synthesis reactors cannot achieve reaction chamber reaction temperature equalization and rapid temperature adjustment, resulting in poor synthesis reaction effect.
A methanol synthesis reactor is designed to accurately adjust and uniformly control the reaction temperature by setting an oil bath chamber in the reactor and using a temperature transmitter to achieve constant temperature control of the oil as the coolant of the reaction chamber.
It achieves more accurate and uniform temperature control, can quickly adapt to temperature fluctuations, avoid hot spot formation in the reaction chamber and catalyst sintering, and improves the efficiency and effect of the synthesis reaction.
Smart Images
Figure CN222766273U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a methanol synthesis reactor. Background Art
[0002] Methanol can be widely used in pharmaceutical, agricultural, manufacturing and other industries, and is also an intermediate product of coal raw material chemical industry. In the current energy shortage, as a basic chemical product, the increasing demand for methanol has also contributed to the prosperous "methanol economy".
[0003] Since industrial production, the raw material route for methanol synthesis has undergone great changes; it started with coal and coke as raw materials, and then the methanol production process using natural gas as raw material was widely used, and later methanol plants using heavy oil as raw material were developed; there are various methods for synthesizing methanol, among which the method of using synthesis gas for methanol synthesis has been widely used. In order to solve the problem of heat release during the reaction causing the temperature in the reaction area to rise, this method often uses the introduction of unpreheated raw gas as a refrigerant as a circulating cooling gas to cool the reaction process, but due to the small specific heat capacity of the gas, the non-steady-state temperature fluctuations are large and difficult to adjust, and the response speed is slow, resulting in the reactor's ability to adapt to reaction fluctuations is relatively poor, and there is often uneven heating, especially "hot spots" are prone to occur, causing the catalyst in the reaction chamber to sinter and fail.
[0004] The methanol synthesis reactor is the heart of methanol production. The temperature balance at each point and the rapid temperature adjustment directly affect the synthesis reaction effect. Utility Model Content
[0005] The utility model aims to provide a methanol synthesis reactor to solve the problem that the existing methanol synthesis reactor cannot achieve balanced reaction temperature in the reaction chamber and cannot achieve rapid temperature adjustment, resulting in poor synthesis reaction effect.
[0006] The embodiment of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a methanol synthesis reactor, comprising a reactor shell, wherein the two ends of the tube side of the reactor shell are respectively formed with an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity through a catalyst baffle and a flange cover, the catalyst baffle is radially connected to the inside of the reactor shell, the flange cover is connected to the end of the reactor shell, the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity are both filled with granular catalyst, and both have a ventilation pipe connected thereto;
[0007] A first end plate, a reaction chamber, an oil bath chamber and a second end plate are provided between the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber, the first end plate is radially blocked between the air inlet chamber and the oil bath chamber, the second end plate is radially blocked between the oil bath chamber and the air outlet chamber, the oil bath chamber has an oil inlet and an oil outlet connected thereto, the reaction chamber is arranged in the oil bath chamber, and its two ends are respectively connected to the air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber;
[0008] It also includes first to fifth temperature transmitters, the collecting end of the first temperature transmitter is arranged between the air inlet cavity and the first end plate, the collecting end of the second temperature transmitter is arranged at the front end of the reaction cavity, the collecting end of the third temperature transmitter is arranged in the oil bath cavity, the collecting end of the fourth temperature transmitter is arranged in the middle section of the reaction cavity, and the collecting end of the fifth temperature transmitter is arranged at the tail end of the reaction cavity.
[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the granular catalyst is an inert alumina ball.
[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of baffles are arranged alternately in the oil bath chamber.
[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the oil inlet is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell adjacent to the air outlet cavity, and the oil outlet is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell adjacent to the air inlet cavity.
[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the reaction chamber is composed of a plurality of tube arrays, and gaps are provided between the plurality of tube arrays.
[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the flange cover is detachably connected to the reactor housing.
[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the flange cover and the reactor shell.
[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the ventilation pipe is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell, and the ventilation pipe located in the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity has a bent section bent toward the flange cover.
[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, an air balancing hole is provided at the end of the bending section.
[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the pore size of the homogenous pores is smaller than that of the granular catalyst.
[0018] The technical solution of a methanol synthesis reactor provided by an embodiment of the utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: the utility model realizes constant temperature control of the oil in the oil bath chamber as the coolant of the reaction chamber through each temperature transmitter, which not only makes the temperature control more precise and the temperature more uniform, but also facilitates the adjustment of the coolant temperature and rapid adaptation to temperature fluctuations, and the heat released by the reaction chamber is conducted to the granular catalyst through the coolant and can be used for preheating the synthesis gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a methanol synthesis reactor provided in Example 1 of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 A top view of a methanol synthesis reactor provided in Example 1 of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 A top view of the reaction chamber provided in Example 1 of the utility model;
[0022] Icons: 1-reactor housing, 2-catalyst baffle, 3-flange cover, 4-air inlet chamber, 5-air outlet chamber, 6-granular catalyst, 7-ventilation pipe, 8-first end plate, 9-reaction chamber, 10-oil bath chamber, 11-second end plate, 12-oil inlet, 13-oil outlet, 14-first temperature transmitter, 15-second temperature transmitter, 16-third temperature transmitter, 17-fourth temperature transmitter, 18-fifth temperature transmitter, 19-baffle, 20-tube array, 21-gap, 22-bending section, 23-gas equalization hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] See also Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the methanol synthesis reactor provided by the utility model.
[0026] More specifically, the methanol synthesis reactor is a shell and tube reactor for heat exchange between heat transfer oil pipes, including a reactor shell 1, wherein the two ends of the tube side of the reactor shell 1 are respectively formed with an air inlet cavity 4 and an air outlet cavity 5 through a catalyst baffle 2 and a flange cover 3, the catalyst baffle 2 is radially connected to the inside of the reactor shell 1, and the flange cover 3 is connected to the end of the reactor shell 1.
[0027] The flange cover 3 is detachably connected to the reactor housing 1. In some embodiments, the flange cover 3 is connected to the reactor housing 1 by bolts, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the flange cover 3 and the reactor housing 1. Compared with welding, the detachable ends of the reactor housing 1 make cleaning and replacement of the catalyst more convenient.
[0028] A reaction chamber 9 and an oil bath chamber 10 are provided between the air inlet chamber 4 and the air outlet chamber 5. The oil bath chamber 10 has an oil inlet 12 and an oil outlet 13 connected thereto, and the oil inlet 12 and the oil outlet 13 are both connected to a constant temperature oil temperature machine. The reaction chamber 9 is evenly filled with catalysts, and the synthesis gas is catalytically synthesized at appropriate temperature and pressure to produce methanol and water products. The reaction chamber 9 is arranged in the oil bath chamber 10, and its two ends are respectively connected to the air inlet chamber 4 and the air outlet chamber 5. A number of baffles 19 are staggered in the oil bath chamber 10 to make the oil flow more balanced and reduce the temperature difference of the reaction chamber 9. It should be noted that compared with the traditional synthesis gas cooling method, the use of a constant temperature oil temperature machine to provide cooling is easier to adjust the temperature and quickly adapt to temperature fluctuations, which can better ensure that the catalytic reaction works in an ideal temperature range.
[0029] In some embodiments, the oil inlet 12 is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell 1 adjacent to the air outlet cavity 5, and the oil outlet 13 is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell 1 adjacent to the air inlet cavity 4, so that the flow direction of the oil in the oil bath cavity 10 forms a countercurrent with the flow direction of the synthesis gas, which can better perform heat exchange.
[0030] See also Figure 3 As shown, the reaction chamber 9 is composed of a plurality of tube arrays 20, and gaps 21 are provided between the plurality of tube arrays 20 to facilitate the flow of oil and improve heat conduction between the oil bath chamber 10 and the reaction chamber 9 and the synthesis gas.
[0031] A first end plate 8 and a second end plate 11 are provided between the air inlet cavity 4 and the air outlet cavity 5. The first end plate 8 radially blocks the air inlet cavity 4 and the oil bath cavity 10, and the second end plate 11 radially blocks the oil bath cavity 10 and the air outlet cavity 5, so as to isolate the air inlet cavity 4 from the oil bath cavity 10 and the air outlet cavity 5 from the oil bath cavity 10 to prevent oil intrusion.
[0032] The air inlet chamber 4 and the air outlet chamber 5 are both filled with granular catalyst 6, and both have a ventilation pipe 7 connected thereto, wherein the ventilation pipe 7 connected to the air inlet chamber 4 is a synthesis gas inlet pipe, which is connected to an external gas source, and the ventilation pipe 7 connected to the air outlet chamber 5 is a reaction gas outlet pipe, which is connected to a heat exchanger to output the reaction gas to the heat exchanger for post-processing; the catalyst baffle 2 is a circular table with through holes formed thereon, and the through holes are evenly distributed on the catalyst baffle 2, and the aperture of the through holes is smaller than that of the granular catalyst 6.
[0033] In some embodiments, the granular catalyst 6 is an inert alumina ball to improve the heat conduction effect, and the high temperature of the reaction chamber 9 is quickly conducted to the air inlet chamber 4 through the oil bath chamber 10. The synthesis gas input into the air inlet chamber 4 through the synthesis gas inlet pipe contacts with the inert alumina ball for heat exchange and temperature rise, thereby realizing the preheating function of the synthesis gas; in addition, filling the inert alumina ball in the air inlet chamber 4 can also play a role in gas uniformity, so that the synthesis gas enters the reaction chamber 9 more evenly and dispersedly. The inert alumina ball in the air outlet chamber 5 is used to accelerate heat conduction, so that the temperature of the entire reactor is more balanced, and the damage to the entire reactor structure caused by thermal stress caused by temperature difference is reduced.
[0034] More specifically, the synthesis gas inlet pipe described in this embodiment is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell 1, and the synthesis gas inlet pipe and the reaction gas outlet pipe located in the air inlet chamber 4 and the air outlet chamber 5 have a bending section 22 bent toward the flange cover 3; a sealing plate is welded at the end of the synthesis gas inlet pipe bending section 22 to prevent the synthesis gas from rushing straight, and a uniform gas hole 23 is opened at the end, and the synthesis gas enters the air inlet chamber 4 evenly through the uniform gas hole 23, making the preheating more uniform; the aperture of the uniform gas hole 23 is smaller than that of the inert alumina ball to prevent the inert alumina ball from entering the vent pipe 7 through the uniform gas pipe; the uniform gas hole 23 of the reaction gas outlet pipe bending section 22 is used to prevent the inert alumina ball from entering therein with the reaction gas flow. In another embodiment, the inert alumina ball can be replaced by a material with high thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity that can withstand more than 400°C.
[0035] Furthermore, in order to achieve rapid temperature adjustment, the present embodiment collects the temperature of each processing stage of the reactor, and sends the collected information to a constant temperature oil temperature machine to perform constant temperature control on the oil temperature of the oil bath chamber 10; in some embodiments, see Figure 2 As shown, it includes the first to fifth temperature transmitters 18, the collection end of the first temperature transmitter 14 is arranged between the air inlet chamber 4 and the first end plate 8 to monitor the preheating temperature; the collection end of the second temperature transmitter 15 is arranged at the front end of the reaction chamber 9 to monitor the temperature of the front end of the reaction chamber 9; the collection end of the third temperature transmitter 16 is arranged in the oil bath chamber 10 to monitor the oil bath temperature; the collection end of the fourth temperature transmitter 17 is arranged in the middle section of the reaction chamber 9 to monitor the temperature of the middle section of the reaction chamber 9; the collection end of the fifth temperature transmitter 18 is arranged at the rear end of the reaction chamber 9 to monitor the temperature of the rear end of the reaction chamber 9.
[0036] In summary, the technical solution of a methanol synthesis reactor provided by the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: the utility model realizes constant temperature control of the oil in the oil bath chamber 10 as the coolant of the reaction chamber 9 through each temperature transmitter, which not only makes the temperature control more precise and the temperature more uniform, but also facilitates the adjustment of the coolant temperature and rapid adaptation to temperature fluctuations, and the heat released by the reaction chamber 9 is conducted to the granular catalyst 6 through the coolant and can be used for preheating of the synthesis gas.
[0037] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A methanol synthesis reactor, comprising a reactor shell (1), characterized in that: An air inlet cavity (4) and an air outlet cavity (5) are respectively formed at both ends of the tube side of the reactor shell (1) through a catalyst baffle (2) and a flange cover (3); the catalyst baffle (2) is radially connected to the inside of the reactor shell (1); the flange cover (3) is connected to the end of the reactor shell (1); the air inlet cavity (4) and the air outlet cavity (5) are both filled with granular catalyst (6) and have a ventilation pipe (7) connected thereto; A first end plate (8), a reaction chamber (9), an oil bath chamber (10) and a second end plate (11) are provided between the air inlet chamber (4) and the air outlet chamber (5); the first end plate (8) is radially blocked between the air inlet chamber (4) and the oil bath chamber (10); the second end plate (11) is radially blocked between the oil bath chamber (10) and the air outlet chamber (5); the oil bath chamber (10) has an oil inlet (12) and an oil outlet (13) connected thereto; the reaction chamber (9) is arranged in the oil bath chamber (10), and its two ends are respectively connected to the air inlet chamber (4) and the air outlet chamber (5); It also includes first to fifth temperature transmitters (18), wherein the collection end of the first temperature transmitter (14) is arranged between the air inlet chamber (4) and the first end plate (8), the collection end of the second temperature transmitter (15) is arranged at the front end of the reaction chamber (9), the collection end of the third temperature transmitter (16) is arranged in the oil bath chamber (10), the collection end of the fourth temperature transmitter (17) is arranged in the middle section of the reaction chamber (9), and the collection end of the fifth temperature transmitter (18) is arranged at the rear end of the reaction chamber (9).
2. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The granular catalyst (6) is an inert alumina ball.
3. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of baffles (19) are arranged in an alternating manner in the oil bath chamber (10).
4. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet (12) is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell (1) adjacent to the air outlet cavity (5), and the oil outlet (13) is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell (1) adjacent to the air inlet cavity (4).
5. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction chamber (9) is composed of a plurality of tube arrays (20), and gaps (21) are provided between the plurality of tube arrays (20).
6. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange cover (3) is detachably connected to the reactor shell (1).
7. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the flange cover (3) and the reactor shell (1).
8. The methanol synthesis reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The vent pipe (7) is connected to the side wall of the reactor shell (1), and the vent pipe (7) located in the air inlet cavity (4) and the air outlet cavity (5) has a bent section (22) bent toward the flange cover (3).
9. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: An air distribution hole (23) is provided at the end of the bending section (22).
10. The methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pore size of the uniform pores (23) is smaller than that of the granular catalyst (6).