Fine boring cutter device for machining outer circle of special-shaped part

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a fine boring cutter device for machining the outer circle of a special-shaped part. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a boring cutter assembly and a positioning mandrel used for being connected with a boring and milling head of a machine tool, and further comprises a bridge plate, a positioning pin hole is formed in the center of the front face of the bridge plate, and the rear section of the positioning mandrel is correspondingly inserted into the positioning pin hole to be fixed; one end of the bridge plate is connected with the boring cutter assembly through the fine boring stand column, and balance weight stand columns are symmetrically arranged at the other end. The device is extremely simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, easy and convenient to control, high in machining precision, good in flexible adaptability, wide in product machining diameter range, high in machining efficiency and low in machining cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a precision boring tool device for processing the outer circle of a special-shaped piece. Background Art

[0002] For the external cylindrical processing of special-shaped parts, it is usually completed by plane processing machine tools (CNC boring and milling machines), that is, the CNC machine tool controls the end mill or disc milling cutter to complete the external cylindrical processing by high-speed layered cutting along the external cylindrical surface of the workpiece through high-speed rotation of the tool. The milling process is that the milling cutter feeds around the external cylindrical surface of the workpiece to be processed, and the machine tool deviation compensates the approximate spiral line of the program coordinate trajectory. Its disadvantages are: due to the interpolation principle of the CNC machine tool, the gap between the machine tool lead screw, the poor matching of the spindle speed and the tool feed, the milling processing accuracy is affected by the machine tool accuracy; the milling process is subjected to a large radial cutting force, which will cause the tool to vibrate, the machined surface will form vibration marks, and the surface quality of the machined surface is poor. In practical applications, when milling the external circle (especially when the length is more than 150 mm), it is difficult to ensure the process requirements for dimensional accuracy and surface roughness, the processing quality of the product cannot be guaranteed, the processing efficiency is low, and the tool loss is large and the cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above technical problems and to provide a precision boring tool device for outer circle processing of special-shaped parts which has extremely simple structure, low manufacturing cost, simple control, high processing accuracy, good flexibility and adaptability, wide product processing diameter range, high processing efficiency and low processing cost.

[0004] The technical solution includes a boring tool assembly and a positioning spindle for connecting to a boring and milling head of a machine tool, and also includes a bridge plate. A positioning pin hole is provided at the center of the front side of the bridge plate, and the rear section of the positioning spindle is correspondingly inserted into the positioning pin hole for fixation; one end of the bridge plate is connected to the boring tool assembly via a precision boring column, and the other end is symmetrically provided with a counterweight column.

[0005] The precision boring column is L-shaped, and its corner end is provided with two long slot holes along the length direction of the bridge plate. Connecting bolts pass through the long slot holes to connect the precision boring column to one end of the bridge plate.

[0006] The boring tool assembly consists of a tool head and a tool base. The tool base is provided with two long slot holes along the length direction of the bridge plate. Connecting bolts pass through the long slot holes to connect the tool base to the other end of the precision boring column.

[0007] The cutter head has a main rake angle of 85-90 degrees.

[0008] The cutter head has a built-in nut, a screw rod is fitted in the built-in nut, and one end of the screw rod is connected and fixed on the cutter base.

[0009] The other end of the screw rod is a hexagonal wrench slot. By rotating the screw rod in the hexagonal wrench slot, the built-in nut can be driven to move forward and backward along the screw rod axis to achieve fine adjustment of the position of the cutter head.

[0010] A flange positioning block is provided around the positioning pin hole at the center of the front side of the bridge plate, and two waist round keyways corresponding to the double keys of the boring and milling head of the machine tool are symmetrically provided on the positioning block with the positioning pin hole as the center.

[0011] Beneficial effects:

[0012] 1) Use the bridge plate to connect the boring tool assembly through the fine boring column, so that the rotation force from the boring and milling head of the machine tool is transmitted to the boring tool assembly through the positioning mandrel, the bridge plate, and the fine boring column, so that the boring tool assembly rotates around the outer wall of the workpiece with the positioning mandrel as the center to complete the purpose of external cylindrical boring. The above structure is used for external cylindrical boring processing, and only linear feed processing is required, and the tool cutting path is short. Compared with the milling method, the boring processing time is about one-eighth of the traditional layered milling processing, which greatly improves the processing efficiency. The above structure does not require high precision of the matching machine tool, and the machine tool has strong versatility. It is not only suitable for XK2425BX80 / 20×15 CNC gantry milling machine, K6916 CNC boring machine and other three-axis linkage high-precision equipment to complete the processing of the outer circle of the workpiece, but also can complete the outer circle finishing task on non-CNC ordinary boring machines and milling machines, and has strong versatility on various machine tools.

[0013] 2) The fine boring column and the counterweight column are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the bridge center (i.e., the machine tool spindle) with the same mass, ensuring the stability of the boring process.

[0014] 3) The three-level spacing adjustment structure is adopted. The distance between the bridge plate and the fine boring column can be roughly adjusted to adapt to products with different outer diameters; the distance between the fine boring column and the tool base can be finely adjusted to the product to be processed; the distance between the tool base and the cutter head can be finely adjusted to adjust the cutting amount, and the adjustment accuracy can reach 0.02 mm, which greatly improves the processing accuracy. It has the advantages of realizing a wide range of processing diameters, good flexibility and adaptability, and strong versatility.

[0015] 4) The utility model has a compact structure and is easy to use. The tool with the structure of the invention bears the minimum radial force, can achieve a larger back-cutting amount and feed speed, effectively avoids the occurrence of tool vibration, and has a stable cutting process, high processing size and shape accuracy, and good surface quality. It has high precision, long tool life, low tool loss, high processing efficiency, and can meet the processing requirements of large cutting depth and fast feed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is the left view of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tool assembly of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the machine tool boring and milling head, positioning mandrel and bridge plate.

[0020] Among them, there are positioning core shaft 1, bridge plate 2, positioning pin hole 2.1, precision boring column 3, connecting bolt 4, tool base 5, screw rod 5.1, tool head 6, built-in nut 6.1, counterweight column 7, connecting bolt 8, long strip slide hole 9, waist round keyway 10, machine tool boring and milling head 11, and flange positioning block 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0022] See also Figure 1 , including a boring tool assembly, a positioning mandrel 1 and a bridge plate 2. A positioning pin hole 2.1 is provided at the center of the front side of the bridge plate 2. The front section of the positioning mandrel 1 is nested and connected to the boring and milling head 11 of the machine tool, and the rear section is correspondingly inserted into the positioning pin hole 2.1 and fixed. One end of the bridge plate 2 is connected to the boring tool assembly via a precision boring column 3, and a counterweight column 7 is symmetrically provided at the other end. The precision boring column 3 and the counterweight column 7 have the same mass and can be made of an aluminum alloy material with a lighter mass and stronger rigidity. A flange positioning block 12 is provided around the positioning pin hole 2.1 at the center of the front side of the bridge plate 2. The flange positioning block 12 is symmetrically provided with two waist keyways 10 corresponding to the double keys of the boring and milling head 11 of the machine tool with the positioning pin hole 2.1 as the center, and is used to correspond to the double keys of the boring and milling head 11 of the machine tool, so as to realize that the machine tool drives the bridge plate 2 to transmit torque.

[0023] The precision boring column 3 is L-shaped, with its corner end close to the bridge plate 2, and two long slide slot holes 9 are opened along the length direction of the bridge plate 2. The connecting bolts 8 pass through the long slide slot holes 9 to connect the precision boring column 3 to one end of the bridge plate 2. By loosening the connecting bolts 8, the position of the precision boring column 3 relative to the bridge plate 2 in the length direction can be adjusted to achieve a first-level adjustment to adapt to the external cylindrical processing of products of different sizes.

[0024] The boring tool assembly consists of a tool head 6 and a tool base 5. Two long slot holes 9 are opened on the base of the tool 6 along the length direction of the bridge plate 2. The connecting bolts 4 pass through the long slot holes 9 to connect the tool base 5 to the other end of the precision boring column 3. By loosening the connecting bolts 4, the position of the tool base 5 relative to the precision boring column 3 in the length direction of the bridge plate 2 can be adjusted to achieve secondary adjustment to adjust the distance from the product to be processed.

[0025] The cutter head 6 has a main deflection angle of 85-90 degrees. The cutter head 6 has a built-in nut 6.1, and the built-in nut 6.1 is equipped with a screw rod 5.1. One end of the screw rod 5.1 is fixed to the tool base 5 via a bearing, and the other end of the screw rod 5.1 is a hexagonal wrench slot. By inserting a hexagonal wrench into the hexagonal wrench slot, the screw rod 5.1 can be rotated to drive the built-in nut 6.1 to move forward and backward along the axis of the screw rod 5.1, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the position of the cutter head 6 and adjust the cutting amount. The adjustment accuracy can reach 0.02 mm, and the diameter of the workpiece can be controlled.

[0026] During operation, the front section of the positioning mandrel 1 is first nested and connected to the machine tool boring and milling head 11, and the rear section is correspondingly inserted into the positioning pin hole 2.1 for fixing. At the same time, the positioning key of the machine tool boring and milling head 11 is correspondingly clamped into the two waist round keyways 10 to complete the connection with the machine tool. First, adjust the relative position of the fine boring column 3 relative to the bridge plate 2 to adapt to the corresponding size of the product to be processed, and then adjust the position of the tool base 5 relative to the fine boring column 3 on the bridge plate 2 in the length direction to control the distance between the cutter head 6 and the product to be processed. Finally, adjust the position of the cutter head 6 in the tool base 5 to control the cutting amount of the cutter head 6 to complete the fine adjustment.

[0027] The utility model can realize high-precision outer circle processing of special-shaped parts, with a wide range of processing diameters and a processing length of up to 400 mm. It can increase the rigidity of the tool, realize the processing requirements of large cutting depth and fast feed, with low blade loss, and at the same time improve the processing efficiency, greatly saving processing costs. According to statistics, in the processing of a certain type of stainless steel material, the comparison of the outer circle processing of a nearly 270 mm long section: the waste of the machine clamp blade using the boring method of the utility model structure is only one piece, 50 yuan / piece. In the milling method, the disc milling cutter has a large number of blades, high-speed milling, long tool path, long processing time, and large tool consumption. The tool cost is nearly 2,000 yuan year-on-year. The use of this device saves 40 times the tool cost.

Claims

1. A fine boring tool device for machining the outer circle of a special-shaped part, comprising a boring tool assembly and a positioning mandrel for connecting a boring and milling head of a machine tool, characterized in that: It also includes a bridge plate, a positioning pin hole is provided at the center of the front side of the bridge plate, and the rear section of the positioning mandrel is correspondingly inserted into the positioning pin hole for fixation; one end of the bridge plate is connected to the boring tool assembly via a precision boring column, and a counterweight column is symmetrically provided at the other end.

2. The fine boring tool device for outer circle machining of special-shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision boring column is L-shaped, and its corner end is provided with two long slot holes along the length direction of the bridge plate. Connecting bolts pass through the long slot holes to connect the precision boring column to one end of the bridge plate.

3. The fine boring tool device for outer circle machining of special-shaped parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The boring tool assembly consists of a tool head and a tool base. The tool base is provided with two long slot holes along the length direction of the bridge plate. Connecting bolts pass through the long slot holes to connect the tool base to the other end of the precision boring column.

4. The fine boring tool device for machining the outer circle of a special-shaped part according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutter head has a main rake angle of 85-90 degrees.

5. The fine boring tool device for outer circle machining of special-shaped parts according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The cutter head has a built-in nut, a screw rod is fitted in the built-in nut, and one end of the screw rod is fixed on the cutter base via a bearing.

6. The fine boring tool device for machining the outer circle of a special-shaped part according to claim 5, characterized in that: The other end of the screw rod is a hexagonal wrench slot.

7. The adjustable fine boring tool device for machining the outer circle of a special-shaped part according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange positioning block is provided around the positioning pin hole at the center of the front side of the bridge plate, and two waist round keyways corresponding to the double keys of the boring and milling head of the machine tool are symmetrically provided on the flange positioning block with the positioning pin hole as the center.

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