Main and auxiliary rear spring steel plate spring assembly of heavy truck
By designing a heavy truck main and secondary rear spring steel leaf spring assembly with a variable cross-sectional plate spring laminated structure, the problem of poor smoothness and comfort of traditional steel leaf springs under no load or light load conditions is solved, and efficient vibration reduction and low noise effects under different operating conditions are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421622006.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional steel leaf springs for trucks lead to poor smoothness and comfort in unloaded or light load conditions, and are prone to noise.
A heavy truck main and secondary rear spring steel leaf spring assembly is designed, which is fixed by stacking four variable cross-sections of leaf springs, and is fastened and connected by central bolts to form a gap gradually reduced from the middle to both ends to meet the load requirements under different working conditions.
The vibration damping effect of leaf springs under different working conditions is achieved, which adapts to the high load requirements during heavy loads, and ensures smoothness and comfort under no load and light load conditions, reducing contact wear and noise generation of leaf springs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222772565U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile leaf spring manufacturing, in particular to a main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly for a heavy truck. Background Art
[0002] Leaf springs are one of the key components in automobile suspensions and have a very important impact on the performance of the entire vehicle. Leaf springs play the role of "load bearing, vibration reduction, and guidance" in the suspension system; they are widely used due to their simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and good reliability. Traditional leaf springs for trucks are mainly composed of a large number of spring leaves, which are used to meet the high load requirements of truck loading conditions. However, when the truck is unloaded or lightly loaded, due to the large stiffness of the leaf springs, the unloaded smoothness and comfort of the truck are poor, and it is also easy to generate noise. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously improve the truck leaf springs to take into account the load capacity of the leaf springs and the smoothness of the truck's ride. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to better solve the above problems, the utility model provides a main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly for a heavy truck to meet the high load requirements when heavily loaded and the smoothness when lightly loaded.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the utility model provides a heavy truck main and auxiliary rear spring steel leaf spring assembly, including a first leaf spring leaf, a second leaf spring leaf, a third leaf spring leaf and a fourth leaf spring leaf with variable cross-sections, each leaf spring leaf including a middle straight section, upward bending sections on both sides and outer straight sections at both ends, the first leaf spring leaf, the second leaf spring leaf, the third leaf spring leaf and the fourth leaf spring leaf are stacked in sequence from top to bottom at the middle straight section and fastened and connected by a central bolt; the bending sections of the four leaf spring leaves are connected to the middle straight section from the middle straight section to the outer straight section. The butt joint gradually becomes thinner toward the butt joint with the external straight section, and the bending amplitudes of the bending sections of the second leaf spring, the third leaf spring and the fourth leaf spring are the same and greater than the bending amplitude of the bending section of the first leaf spring, so that the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring fit together at the external straight sections at both ends, and a gap that gradually decreases from the middle to both ends is formed at the bending section; and a gap that gradually increases from the butt joint of the bending section and the middle straight section to the butt joint with the external straight section is formed between the second leaf spring, the third leaf spring and the fourth leaf spring.
[0005] Optionally, the first leaf spring has positioning holes at the outer straight sections at both ends, and a connecting plate is fixed by pins matching the positioning holes.
[0006] Optionally, the length of the first leaf spring is greater than the length of the second leaf spring, and the length of the bent section of the first leaf spring is less than the length of the bent section of the second leaf spring.
[0007] Optionally, a pad is provided between the middle straight sections of each leaf spring and on the upper side of the middle straight section of the first leaf spring.
[0008] Optionally, the thickness of the backing plate between the first leaf spring piece and the second leaf spring piece is greater than the thickness of the backing plates between other leaf spring pieces.
[0009] Optionally, rubber sleeve noise reduction pads are provided at the edges of the outer straight sections of the second leaf spring and the third leaf spring.
[0010] The main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly of a heavy truck in the embodiment of the utility model is formed by stacking and fixing four variable-section leaf springs, adopting a structure with few leaf springs, and having a simple overall structure. It meets the requirements of lightweight design of leaf springs and is helpful to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction of vehicles. Each leaf spring leaf adopts a structure of a middle straight section, bent sections on both sides and straight sections at both ends. There is a large gap between the leaf spring leaves. The leaf spring assembly has low stiffness and high reliability, and can effectively improve the vibration reduction effect of the leaf springs of the truck under different working conditions. It can adapt to the high load requirements of the truck when it is heavily loaded, and can adapt to the working conditions of the truck when it is unloaded and lightly loaded, thereby ensuring the smoothness and comfort of the truck when it is unloaded, lightly loaded and heavily loaded. It can also reduce the contact of the leaf spring leaves during vibration, thereby reducing the contact wear of the leaf spring leaves and preventing noise generation, further improving driving comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly for a heavy truck according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0013] Figure 2 The utility model is a top view of the main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly of a heavy truck according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0014] Reference numerals:
[0015] 1. First leaf spring; 2. Second leaf spring; 3. Third leaf spring; 4. Fourth leaf spring; 5. Center bolt; 6. Fastening nut; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Pin; 9. Bolt through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the basic implementation disclosed below.
[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
[0018] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the main and auxiliary rear spring steel leaf spring assembly of a heavy truck of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a first leaf spring 1, a second leaf spring 2, a third leaf spring 3 and a fourth leaf spring 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, each leaf spring comprises a middle straight section located in the middle, upward bending sections located on both sides of the middle straight section and outer straight sections located at both ends, the bending sections extend from the middle straight section to both ends, and the outer straight sections extend from the bending sections to both ends. The four leaf springs are stacked in sequence from top to bottom at the middle straight section and are fastened and connected by a central bolt 5; a bolt through hole 9 is opened in the middle of the middle straight section, and the central bolt 5 passes through the bolt through holes 9 of each leaf spring in sequence and then is connected to the fastening nut 6 to fasten and fix the four leaf springs.
[0019] The four leaf springs are all leaf springs with variable cross-sections. Specifically, the middle straight section and the outer straight section are of equal cross-sections, the bent section is of variable cross-section, and the bent section gradually becomes thinner from the joint with the middle straight section to the joint with the outer straight section, that is, the thickness of the middle straight section is relatively large, the thickness of the bent section gradually decreases toward the two ends, and the thickness of the outer straight section is relatively small. The bending amplitude of the bent section of the second leaf spring is greater than the bending amplitude of the bent section of the first leaf spring, so that the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring fit together at the outer straight sections at both ends, and a gap gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends is formed at the bent section. Optionally, the length of the first leaf spring is greater than the length of the second leaf spring, the length of the bent section of the first leaf spring is less than the length of the bent section of the second leaf spring, the length of the outer straight section of the first leaf spring is greater than the length of the outer straight section of the second leaf spring, and the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring can be provided with matching misalignment structures at the edges of the outer straight sections. The middle straight section, the bent section and the outer straight section of the second leaf spring, the third leaf spring and the fourth leaf spring are of the same length, and the bending amplitudes of the bent sections are the same, so that a gap is formed between the second leaf spring, the third leaf spring and the fourth leaf spring, which gradually increases from the joint between the bent section and the middle straight section to the joint with the outer straight section.
[0020] The four leaf springs of the main and auxiliary rear spring steel leaf spring assembly of the heavy truck are composed of a middle straight section, a bent section, and an outer straight section, so that the two sides of the leaf spring form an S-bend structure as a whole, which can greatly reduce the overall stiffness of the steel leaf spring. Among them, the first leaf spring 1 and the second leaf spring 2 are equivalent to the main spring; the third leaf spring 3 and the fourth leaf spring 4 are equivalent to the auxiliary spring. When not installed and used, each leaf spring is not compressed, and both sides are in a warped state; during use, if the truck is in an unloaded or lightly loaded condition, the first leaf spring 1 and the second leaf spring 2 are first subjected to force and pressure, and tend to contact the third leaf spring 3; when the truck is heavily loaded, the first leaf spring 1 and the second leaf spring 2 will contact the third leaf spring 3 after being compressed, and tend to make the third leaf spring 3 contact the fourth leaf spring 4; when the truck is in a heavy load or overload condition, each leaf spring will contact at the outer straight section, and each leaf spring will be pressed downward to reduce the gap between the leaves. The leaf spring assembly has a relatively low stiffness, which can effectively improve the vibration reduction effect of the leaf spring of the truck under different working conditions. It can adapt to the high load requirements when the truck is heavily loaded, and can also adapt to the working conditions of the truck when it is unloaded and lightly loaded, ensuring the smoothness and comfort of the truck when it is unloaded and lightly loaded. In addition, due to the gaps between the leaf spring leaves, the leaf spring leaves have less contact during the vibration process, which can greatly reduce the contact wear of the leaf spring leaves and effectively prevent the generation of noise, further improving the reliability of the leaf spring assembly and helping to improve the driving comfort of the truck.
[0021] In this embodiment, pads are provided between the middle straight sections of the four leaf springs, on the upper side of the middle straight section of the first leaf spring 1, and on the lower side of the middle straight section of the fourth leaf spring 4, and the thickness of the pad between the first leaf spring 1 and the second leaf spring 2 is greater than the thickness of the pad between other leaf springs, so as to increase the gap between the leaves. Also, rubber sleeve noise reduction pads are provided at the edges of the outer straight sections of the second leaf spring 2 and the third leaf spring 3. When the steel leaf spring assembly is in a pressure-bearing state, the two ends of the second leaf spring 2 are in contact with the bottom surface of the first leaf spring 1 and the top surface of the third leaf spring 3 at the upper and lower sides through the rubber sleeve noise reduction pads, and the two ends of the third leaf spring 3 are in contact with the bottom surface of the second leaf spring 2 and the top surface of the fourth leaf spring 4 at the upper and lower sides through the rubber sleeve noise reduction pads, which can further reduce the noise generated during the vibration of the steel leaf spring.
[0022] In actual application scenarios, the leaf spring leaves in the main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assemblies of heavy trucks in the embodiments of the utility model can be made of high-stress hot-rolled special flat steel, and are processed through main processes such as rolling, hot forming, heat treatment, shot peening, punching and assembly. Rib grooves can also be rolled on the leaf spring leaves, which can make adjacent leaf spring leaves fit closely, making the stress distribution between adjacent leaf spring leaves more uniform, with high adaptability, and can avoid dislocation of leaf springs under complex road conditions, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle.
[0023] Furthermore, the leaf spring assembly may also include other components or perform other processing on the leaf spring to achieve the actual installation application or other functions of the leaf spring assembly. For example, the width of the middle straight section of the first leaf spring 1 and the second leaf spring 2 may be milled narrow at both ends, and the milling edge may be used to avoid excessive width affecting loading; for another example, the first leaf spring 1 has positioning holes at the outer straight sections at both ends, and a connecting plate is fixed by a pin 8 that matches the positioning hole, which can prevent the leaf spring fixed on the axle from moving forward and backward, and avoid abnormal wear of the tire caused by the movement of the axle.
[0024] It should be pointed out that, according to the needs of implementation, the various components described in the embodiments of the present utility model can be split into more components, or two or more components or parts of components can be combined into new components to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present utility model.
[0025] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.
Claims
1. A heavy truck main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a first leaf spring leaf, a second leaf spring leaf, a third leaf spring leaf and a fourth leaf spring leaf of variable cross-section, each leaf spring leaf comprises a middle straight section, upwardly bent sections on both sides and outer straight sections at both ends, the first leaf spring leaf, the second leaf spring leaf, the third leaf spring leaf and the fourth leaf spring leaf are stacked in sequence from top to bottom at the middle straight section and are fastened and connected by a central bolt; The bending sections of the four leaf springs gradually become thinner from the joint with the middle straight section to the joint with the outer straight section. The bending amplitudes of the bending sections of the second leaf spring, the third leaf spring and the fourth leaf spring are the same and greater than the bending amplitude of the bending section of the first leaf spring, so that the first leaf spring and the second leaf spring fit together at the outer straight sections at both ends, forming a gap that gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends at the bending sections; and forming a gap that gradually increases from the joint with the bending section and the middle straight section to the joint with the outer straight section between the second leaf spring, the third leaf spring and the fourth leaf spring.
2. A heavy truck main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first leaf spring has positioning holes at the outer straight sections at both ends, and a connecting plate is fixed by pins matching the positioning holes.
3. The heavy truck main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first leaf spring is greater than that of the second leaf spring, and the length of the bent section of the first leaf spring is less than that of the bent section of the second leaf spring.
4. The heavy truck main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pads are arranged between the middle straight sections of each leaf spring and on the upper side of the middle straight section of the first leaf spring.
5. A heavy truck main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the backing plate between the first leaf spring piece and the second leaf spring piece is greater than the thickness of the backing plates between the other leaf spring pieces.
6. A heavy truck main and auxiliary rear spring leaf spring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Rubber sleeve noise reduction pads are arranged at the edges of the outer straight sections of the second leaf spring and the third leaf spring.