Reverse filter drainage device capable of repeatedly replacing reverse filter material

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-filtration drainage device capable of repeatedly replacing an anti-filtration material, which comprises a filter cartridge arranged in an anti-filtration drainage hole arranged on a bottom plate; the filter cartridge comprises a cartridge body upper section and a cartridge body lower section, the top of the cartridge body upper section is an open end, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the cartridge body lower section; a flange cover is arranged at the top of the filter cartridge, and a plurality of holes are formed in the flange cover; a replaceable inverted filter material layer is laid in the filter cartridge, a backfill inverted filter material layer is laid outside the filter cartridge, and the inverted filter material layer and the backfill inverted filter material layer are the same in inverted filter material. According to the anti-filtration drainage device, the anti-filtration material can be repeatedly replaced, the anti-filtration drainage device is easy to overhaul and maintain, the problem that the effect is weakened or even fails due to clogging of the anti-filtration drainage hole is effectively solved, and operation and implementation are easy and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reverse filtering and drainage devices, in particular to a reverse filtering and drainage device with reverse filtering materials that can be repeatedly replaced. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy projects, there are relatively few problems caused by structural failure, but there are many problems caused by seepage damage, accounting for more than 25%, of which pipe bursts and soil flow are the main ones. In view of the seepage hazards of hydraulic structures, the current prevention and control methods mostly adopt the method of "upper blocking and lower drainage", among which "upper blocking" means laying horizontal anti-seepage blankets, water stop grooves and anti-seepage curtains upstream or on the water-facing surface to prevent or reduce the infiltration of water to the downstream. The so-called "lower drainage" means that the infiltrated water is guided out through drainage holes, drainage pipes, drainage pads, etc. in the downstream of the river or on the back slope to reduce the pore pressure of the soil.

[0003] Since water conservancy projects are located in locations with deep permeable layers, the "upper blocking" method alone not only fails to completely and effectively solve the problem of soil seepage damage, but also greatly increases the cost of the project. In actual projects, "downward drainage" is an indispensable method for preventing and controlling seepage damage, among which reverse filtration drainage is an important means of "downward drainage".

[0004] The anti-filtration drainage device mainly uses geotextiles or layered graded sand and gravel as the anti-filtration layer to filter soil and drain water and prevent seepage damage. However, geotextiles or layered graded sand and gravel face the problem of pores being blocked by small soil particles after long-term operation. At present, there are two main directions to solve the blockage. On the one hand, the pore size of geotextiles or the particle gradation of the anti-filtration layer is optimized to reduce the occurrence of blockage. On the other hand, backwashing is performed when blockage occurs. The current measures to deal with the blockage of anti-filtration drainage devices can alleviate the blockage to a certain extent, but they cannot completely solve the problem that the anti-filtration drainage device gradually weakens its effectiveness during long-term operation, or even completely blocks and fails. After the anti-filtration drainage device is blocked and fails, the drainage outlet is blocked. Under the action of high water levels during the flood season, it is very easy to cause seepage damage such as pipe bursts and soil flow. In severe cases, it will cause structural damage, consuming a lot of manpower, material and financial resources for flood prevention and rescue. After emergency rescue, the problem cannot be cured. The radical solution usually requires the addition of an anti-seepage wall or the overall demolition and reconstruction of the project, which also adds a lot of engineering costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems and to propose a reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filter materials, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the reverse filtration and drainage device is blocked due to long-term operation, resulting in weakened or even ineffective reverse filtration and drainage. The reverse filtration and drainage device has a simple structure and can repeatedly and efficiently replace reverse filter materials, which can extend the reasonable service life of the project and reduce the project operation and maintenance costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filter material, comprising a filter cartridge, wherein the filter cartridge is arranged in a reverse filtration and drainage hole opened on a bottom plate;

[0008] The filter cartridge comprises an upper section and a lower section, the top of the upper section is an open end, and the lower section is provided with a plurality of through holes; a flange cover is provided on the top of the filter cartridge, and a plurality of openings are provided on the flange cover;

[0009] A replaceable anti-filter material layer is laid inside the filter cartridge, and a backfill anti-filter material layer is laid outside the filter cartridge. The anti-filter material layer is the same as the anti-filter material of the backfill anti-filter material layer.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the base plate is a reinforced concrete base plate, and the base plate includes a plurality of transverse stress reinforcements and longitudinal stress reinforcements. The transverse stress reinforcements and longitudinal stress reinforcements on the base plate near the anti-filtration drainage holes are bent outward to bypass the anti-filtration drainage holes.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the filter material layer and the backfill filter material layer both include a fine sand layer, a coarse sand layer and a crushed stone layer from bottom to top; the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer is larger than the fine sand particle size of the fine sand layer; the crushed stone particle size of the crushed stone layer is larger than the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the fine sand layer, coarse sand layer and gravel layer are all 20-30 cm; the thickness of the fine sand layer, coarse sand layer and gravel layer of the reverse filter layer are respectively the same as the thickness of the fine sand layer, coarse sand layer and gravel layer of the backfill reverse filter layer.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a plastic film layer is laid on the top surface of the crushed stone layer of the backfill filter material layer.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, a water stop pad is provided between the top of the filter cartridge and the flange cover.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the flange cover is mounted on the base plate via a fixing member.

[0016] As a preferred implementation, the fixing member is an anchor bolt or an expansion bolt.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the filter cartridge is circular or square, and the cross section of the flange cover is circular or square.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the diameter or side length of the filter cartridge is 15 to 30 cm.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] Firstly, the utility model can repeatedly replace the filter material of the reverse filter drainage device. The seepage water passes through the reverse filter material layer, through the water-permeable filter cartridge, and finally is discharged from the opening of the flange cover, thereby realizing the function of filtering soil and draining water and reducing the seepage pressure. At the same time, the flange cover can be opened to remove the original reverse filter material in the filter cartridge and replace it with new layered and graded reverse filter material, so the reverse filter material can be replaced repeatedly and efficiently.

[0021] Secondly, the utility model's reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filter materials is easy to inspect and maintain, and effectively solves the problem of weakened effectiveness or even failure of the reverse filtration and drainage holes due to clogging. The device components are easy to purchase and replace, and the operation is simple and convenient. It is suitable for seepage control of hydraulic structures such as culverts and pump stations in water conservancy projects, which can extend the reasonable service life of the project and reduce the project operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filter material according to the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the filter cartridge;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the filter cartridge;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bending of the transverse and longitudinal force reinforcements;

[0026] In the figure: 1-filter cylinder, 1.1-upper section of cylinder, 1.2-lower section of cylinder, 1.3-through hole, 2-bottom plate, 2.1-transverse stress reinforcement, 2.2-longitudinal stress reinforcement, 3-inverter drainage hole, 4-flange cover, 5-opening, 6-inverter filter material layer, 7-backfill inverter filter material layer, 8-fine sand layer, 9-coarse sand layer, 10-gravel layer, 11-plastic film layer, 12-water stop pad, 13-fixing parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a detailed description of the implementation of the present invention in conjunction with implementation cases, but they do not constitute a limitation of the present invention and are only examples. At the same time, the advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the description.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0029] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filter material comprises a filter cartridge 1, which is arranged in a reverse filtration and drainage hole 3 opened on a bottom plate 2; the filter cartridge 1 comprises a cylinder upper section 1.1 and a cylinder lower section 1.2, the top of the cylinder upper section 1.1 is an open end, and the cylinder lower section 1.2 is provided with a plurality of through holes 1.3; a flange cover 4 is provided on the top of the filter cartridge 1, and a plurality of openings 5 ​​are provided on the flange cover 4; a water stop pad 12 is provided between the top of the filter cartridge 1 and the flange cover 4. The flange cover 4 is mounted on the bottom plate 2 by a fixing member 13. The fixing member 13 is an anchor bolt or an expansion bolt. A replaceable reverse filter material layer 6 is laid inside the filter cartridge 1, and a backfill reverse filter material layer 7 is laid outside the filter cartridge 1, and the reverse filter material of the reverse filter material layer 6 and the backfill reverse filter material layer 7 are the same. The filter material can be fine sand, coarse sand or gravel. The stratification and material of the filter material can also be in other forms. The specific particle gradation can be calculated or selected according to the conditions of the protected soil layer. The seepage water passes through the filter material layer, through the permeable filter cartridge, and finally discharged from the opening of the flange cover, realizing the function of draining the filtered soil and reducing the seepage pressure. When inspecting the drainage hole, the flange cover can be opened to remove the original filter material in the filter cartridge and replace it with a new stratified and graded filter material. The filter cartridge is a filter mesh cartridge or a dense mesh punching cartridge. The flange cover uses a flange cover with a middle opening as a seepage channel, and a water stop pad is set at the contact between the flange cover and the bottom plate.

[0030] In this embodiment, the filter material layer 6 and the backfill filter material layer 7 both include a fine sand layer 8, a coarse sand layer 9 and a crushed stone layer 10 from bottom to top; the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer 9 is larger than the fine sand particle size of the fine sand layer 8; the crushed stone particle size of the crushed stone layer 10 is larger than the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer 9. The thickness of the fine sand layer 8, the coarse sand layer 9 and the crushed stone layer 10 are all 20 to 30 cm; the thickness of the fine sand layer 8, the coarse sand layer 9 and the crushed stone layer 10 of the filter material layer 6 is respectively the same as the thickness of the fine sand layer 8, the coarse sand layer 9 and the crushed stone layer 10 of the backfill filter material layer 7. A plastic film layer 11 is laid on the top surface of the crushed stone layer 10 of the backfill filter material layer 7.

[0031] like Figure 3As shown, the a-a' section of the filter cartridge is flush with the bottom surface of the base plate. The part above the a-a' section of the filter cartridge is not perforated, and the part below the a-a' section is perforated. The b-b' section of the filter cartridge is the interface between the coarse sand layer and the gravel layer, and the backfill above the b-b' section of the filter cartridge is the gravel layer. The c-c' section of the filter cartridge is the interface between the fine sand layer and the coarse sand layer, and the backfill between the b-b' section and the c-c' section of the filter cartridge is the coarse sand layer, and the backfill below the c-c' section of the filter cartridge is the fine sand layer.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cross section of the filter cartridge 1 is circular or square, and the material can be plastic or stainless steel. The cross section of the flange cover 4 is circular or square, and the material can be plastic or stainless steel. The diameter or side length of the filter cartridge 1 is 15 to 30 cm. The row spacing between the reverse filtration and drainage devices is determined based on the seepage calculation. The water stop pad can be a rubber water stop pad, a water swelling water stop strip or other flexible water stop pads.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the bottom plate 2 is a reinforced concrete bottom plate, and the bottom plate 2 includes a plurality of transverse stress reinforcements 2.1 and longitudinal stress reinforcements 2.2. The transverse stress reinforcements 2.1 and longitudinal stress reinforcements 2.2 on the bottom plate 2 near the filter drainage holes 3 are bent outward to bypass the filter drainage holes 3.

[0034] The specific construction process of the utility model of the reverse filter drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filter material is as follows: before laying the fine sand layer 8 of the reverse filter material at the bottom of the bottom plate, the filter cartridge 1 pre-filled with the layered reverse filter material fine sand layer 8, coarse sand layer 9, and crushed stone layer 10 is arranged at the position where the reverse filter drainage hole is set, and then the layered reverse filter material of the fine sand layer 8, coarse sand layer 9, and crushed stone layer 10 is backfilled outside the filter cartridge. Thereafter, before pouring the bottom plate concrete, a plastic film layer 11 is laid on the top surface of the crushed stone layer 10, and the top of the filter cartridge is covered with a cover plate or wrapped with a plastic film to prevent the slurry from infiltrating into the reverse filter layer and affecting the reverse filtration effect when pouring the bottom plate concrete. Afterwards, the bottom slab concrete construction is completed and has a strength of not less than 85% of the design, remove the top cover or plastic film of the filter cartridge, arrange the water stop pad 12 and flange cover 4 on the top of the filter cartridge in sequence and fix them to the bottom slab concrete through the fixing parts 13. During installation, ensure that the water stop pad 12 is close to the bottom slab concrete and has no wrinkles. When the bottom slab concrete at the drainage hole is uneven, it needs to be polished flat.

[0035] The specific maintenance process of the anti-filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable anti-filter materials of the utility model is as follows: when the anti-filtration and drainage holes have been in operation for a long time and the anti-filtration and drainage effect has decreased, they should be emptied or the water should be cut off during the dry season to keep the maintenance work on dry land. After that, the anti-filtration and drainage holes are inspected and repaired in sequence, the fixings 13 are removed, the water stop pads 12 and the flange cover 4 are removed, and the anti-filter materials in the filter cartridge 1 are cleared and re-filled with fresh anti-filter materials in layers of fine sand layer 8, coarse sand layer 9, and gravel layer 10, and then the water stop pads 12 and flange cover 4 are rearranged and re-fixed on the bottom plate through the fixings 13. The water stop pads 12, flange cover 4, and fixings 13 can be replaced as needed according to the aging conditions, and finally all the anti-filtration and drainage holes are inspected and repaired one by one.

[0036] The utility model discloses a reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration materials, which is easy to inspect and maintain, and effectively solves the problem of weakened effectiveness or even failure of reverse filtration and drainage holes due to clogging. The device components are easy to purchase and replace, and the operation is simple and convenient, and the device is suitable for seepage control of hydraulic structures such as culverts, pump stations, etc. in water conservancy projects.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model, and the rest not described in detail shall belong to the prior art.

Claims

1. A reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material, characterized in that: It comprises a filter cartridge (1), wherein the filter cartridge (1) is arranged in a reverse filtration and drainage hole (3) opened on a bottom plate (2); The filter cartridge (1) comprises an upper cartridge section (1.1) and a lower cartridge section (1.2); the top of the upper cartridge section (1.1) is an open end, and the lower cartridge section (1.2) is provided with a plurality of through holes (1.3); a flange cover (4) is provided at the top of the filter cartridge (1), and a plurality of openings (5) are provided on the flange cover (4); A replaceable reverse filter material layer (6) is laid inside the filter cartridge (1), and a backfill reverse filter material layer (7) is laid outside the filter cartridge (1); the reverse filter material layer (6) and the backfill reverse filter material layer (7) are made of the same reverse filter material.

2. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (2) is a reinforced concrete bottom plate, and the bottom plate (2) includes a plurality of transverse stress reinforcements (2.1) and longitudinal stress reinforcements (2.2). The transverse stress reinforcements (2.1) and longitudinal stress reinforcements (2.2) on the bottom plate (2) near the filter drainage holes (3) are bent outwards to bypass the filter drainage holes (3).

3. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reverse filter material layer (6) and the backfill reverse filter material layer (7) both include, from bottom to top, a fine sand layer (8), a coarse sand layer (9) and a crushed stone layer (10); the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer (9) is larger than the fine sand particle size of the fine sand layer (8); and the crushed stone particle size of the crushed stone layer (10) is larger than the coarse sand particle size of the coarse sand layer (9).

4. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filter material according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The thickness of the fine sand layer (8), the coarse sand layer (9) and the crushed stone layer (10) are all 20 to 30 cm; the thickness of the fine sand layer (8), the coarse sand layer (9) and the crushed stone layer (10) of the reverse filter material layer (6) are respectively the same as the thickness of the fine sand layer (8), the coarse sand layer (9) and the crushed stone layer (10) of the backfill reverse filter material layer (7).

5. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the crushed stone layer (10) of the backfill filter material layer (7) is paved with a plastic film layer (11).

6. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A water stop pad (12) is provided between the top of the filter cartridge (1) and the flange cover (4).

7. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flange cover (4) is mounted on the base plate (2) via a fixing member (13).

8. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing member (13) is an anchor bolt or an expansion bolt.

9. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the filter cartridge (1) is circular or square, and the cross section of the flange cover (4) is circular or square.

10. The reverse filtration and drainage device with repeatedly replaceable reverse filtration material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameter or side length of the filter cartridge (1) is 15 to 30 cm.

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