Device for collecting and detecting particles discharged during braking of rail transit vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device, which comprises a test bed base, a brake simulation system, an atmosphere cavity, an emission loop, a particle filtering system and a data acquisition system, and is characterized in that the brake simulation system and the atmosphere cavity are arranged on the test bed base; the atmosphere cavity is connected with the particle filtering system through a discharge loop; the brake simulation system comprises a control system, a driving device, a transmission device and a friction brake module, the control system is connected with the driving device and the friction brake module, the friction brake module is a disc brake module or a tread brake module, and the transmission device and the friction brake module are arranged in the atmosphere cavity. The utility model aims to provide key technical support for the research of an environment-friendly friction pair of a rail transit vehicle braking system, and the wear characteristic of the friction pair and the influence of the wear characteristic on the environment are deeply researched by efficiently collecting and detecting particles generated in the braking process in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of brake tribology of rail transit vehicles, in particular to a device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles of rail transit vehicles. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of rail transit vehicles, the braking system plays a key role in ensuring driving safety. Specifically, disc brakes and tread brakes, as the two main braking methods, each play an indispensable role in rail transit vehicles of different types and operating environments, providing a solid and reliable guarantee for the safe parking of vehicles. However, the wear between the brake pads and the brake discs or the brake shoes and the wheels during braking will produce particles and dust. These tiny wear particles will accumulate between the friction interfaces, resulting in reduced braking performance, increased wear, and increased temperature, which will eventually accelerate the wear of the braking system, increase maintenance costs and maintenance frequency, and thus affect the safety and reliability of train operation. After these particles are discharged, they will have a serious impact on human health and the environment. Particles may be inhaled into the human respiratory system. Depending on their size, they may be deposited in the upper respiratory tract, bronchi, or even alveoli, thereby causing or aggravating respiratory diseases. Long-term exposure to a high concentration of brake particles poses a potential threat to the health of waiting passengers, train staff, and maintenance personnel. In addition, brake particles can also have many negative impacts on the environment. For example, the particulate matter generated during the braking process of intercity trains that frequently run between cities will directly settle on the surface of the area along the railway, polluting the soil and water bodies, which will not only affect the growth of plants, but also may destroy the balance of aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, these particulate matter will also reduce air quality, reduce visual clarity, and affect the overall appearance of the city. What is more serious is that these particulate matter may react chemically with other pollutants to form more harmful secondary pollutants. Therefore, in-depth research on the emission characteristics of rail transit vehicle braking systems and the properties of the particles they generate is of great significance to improving the reliability and environmental friendliness of train braking systems.

[0003] The existing rail transit vehicle brake emission test equipment is too simple in design, and it is impossible to complete the test of the emission characteristics of both disc brakes and tread brakes on the same test device. In addition, these devices cannot simultaneously realize real-time detection and effective collection of the generated particles, and cannot meet the high requirements of the test for the accuracy and real-time performance of brake particle detection. Furthermore, these devices not only fail to effectively shield the interference of external factors on the test, but also fail to efficiently collect the particles generated during the braking process. Usually, a small amount of particles can only be collected after the test is over, which not only affects the accuracy of subsequent particle detection, but also makes the test steps more cumbersome. In addition, as the test continues, the continuously generated particulate matter may clog the pipes of the collection system, further affecting the accuracy and efficiency of the test results.

[0004] Therefore, in order to more comprehensively study the braking emission characteristics of rail transit vehicles, it is necessary to design a test device. This device can complete the emission characteristic test of two braking modes: train disc braking and tread braking. At the same time, it can detect the particle characteristics in real time and efficiently collect the particles generated during the braking process to prevent particle blockage. It can also effectively shield the interference of external factors and ensure the accuracy of the test results. This device is extremely important for optimizing the braking system of rail transit vehicles and further studying their environmentally friendly friction pairs. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing devices mentioned above, the utility model aims to provide a rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device, the purpose of which is to set different friction brake modules to achieve the test of disc brake and tread brake in the same device according to the test requirements without the need to develop a separate test bench. In addition, the device can simultaneously complete the real-time detection and efficient collection of particles in a set of tests, keep the pipeline unobstructed during the test, and avoid the interference of external factors on the test results.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A rail transit vehicle braking emission particle collection and detection device, characterized in that it includes a test bench base, a braking simulation system, an atmosphere cavity, an emission loop, a particle filtration system and a data acquisition system, the test bench base is provided with a braking simulation system and an atmosphere cavity, the braking simulation system is provided with a data acquisition system outside, the atmosphere cavity is connected to the particle filtration system through an emission loop; the braking simulation system includes a control system, a drive device, a transmission device and a friction brake module, the control system is respectively connected to the drive device and the friction brake module, the friction brake module is a disc brake module or a tread brake module, and the transmission device and the friction brake module are arranged inside the atmosphere cavity.

[0008] Preferably, a cleaning device is provided inside the atmosphere cavity, a particle collecting device is provided at the lower end, an inclined extension plate is provided on the top of the particle collecting device, the other end of the inclined extension plate abuts against the inner wall of the atmosphere cavity, a removable glass observation window is provided on the surface of the atmosphere cavity, and a particle purification device is provided at the connection between the atmosphere cavity and the emission circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the atmosphere cavity comprises a connected bottom plate and a shell, the atmosphere cavity is manufactured by cold plate spraying technology, the cleaning device inside the atmosphere cavity adopts a high-pressure nozzle, and the particle purification device adopts a HEPA filter.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge circuit comprises an air inlet, an air outlet and an exhaust pipe, the air outlet is connected to the bottom of the particle collection device, and the air inlet and the exhaust pipe are connected to the atmosphere.

[0011] Preferably, the discharge circuit further comprises a centrifugal fan and a centrifugal fan variable frequency control system, the discharge circuit is driven by the centrifugal fan, and the centrifugal fan is controlled by the centrifugal fan variable frequency control system.

[0012] Preferably, the particle filter system includes a particle filter shell and a vibration device arranged outside the particle filter shell, and a filtering device and a storage device are arranged inside the particle filter shell from top to bottom, and the filtering device and the storage device divide the interior of the shell into a three-layer structure; the middle layer of the particle filter shell is provided with an inlet end, the upper layer is provided with an outlet end, and the lower layer is provided with an emptying port; the inlet end and the outlet end are both connected to the discharge circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the storage device includes a storage plate and a funnel plate, a through hole is provided in the middle of the storage plate, and the through hole is connected with the emptying port through the funnel plate, one end of the funnel plate is connected to the storage plate, and the other end abuts against the inner bottom of the particle filter housing, and the funnel plate is arranged around the emptying port.

[0014] Preferably, the filtering device and the vibrating device are controlled separately by a control system.

[0015] Preferably, the filtering device uses an electrostatic particle filter.

[0016] Preferably, the data acquisition system includes an environmental monitoring sensor arranged inside the atmosphere cavity, a three-dimensional vibration acceleration sensor arranged on the braking system, a sound collection device arranged at the lower end of the contact interface of the braking system, a thermal imager arranged on one side of the test bench base at the same level as the contact interface of the braking system, and a laser particle counter arranged opposite to the outlet end of the emission circuit. The environmental monitoring sensor is used to monitor any one or more of temperature, humidity, and air pressure.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] 1. The utility model can realize the brake emission test of two braking modes, disc brake or tread brake, on the same test device according to the required test requirements by setting different friction brake modules, which can effectively save the use space of the workplace, avoid the repetitive development and production of the test bench, and thus reduce the production and use costs.

[0019] 2. The utility model arranges the transmission device and the friction brake module inside the atmosphere cavity, and ensures that the particles are in contact with the outside world only at the exhaust pipe position during the test, so that the influence of other environmental factors during the test can be shielded, which is conducive to conducting brake emission tests under different working conditions and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0020] 3. The utility model can collect the vibration acceleration, noise, temperature and other data of the contact interface during the test, detect the particles generated by braking in real time and collect these particles at the same time by setting the data acquisition system, thereby more accurately revealing the braking emission characteristics of the braking system under different working conditions, making the experimental results more reliable and of reference significance.

[0021] 4. The utility model can improve the particle collection efficiency by arranging a cleaning device and a particle collection device inside the atmosphere cavity, and better ensure that the particles generated by braking during the test can be more comprehensively detected and collected later.

[0022] 5. In addition, the filter device can be precisely controlled by the control system to regularly clean the particles adsorbed on the filter device. At the same time, under the action of the vibration device, the particles can fall into the storage device below more quickly, which avoids the blockage problem caused by the particles. At the same time, it extends the service life of the filter device and reduces the steps of disassembling the filter device for collection, thereby strengthening the control of the test and improving the test efficiency.

[0023] 6. When the utility model detects emission particles, the power of the filter device can be controlled by the control system so that the brake particles can smoothly reach the detection device position, thereby realizing the storage and real-time detection of the brake particles during the test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc brake module in the atmosphere cavity of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tread brake module in the atmosphere cavity of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the atmosphere chamber of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the particle filtration system of the utility model.

[0031] Numbers in the figure: 1-driving device, 2-atmosphere chamber, 201-detachable glass observation window, 202-inclined extension plate, 203-particle collection device, 204-cleaning device, 3-test bench base, 4-discharge circuit, 401-air inlet, 402-air outlet, 403-exhaust duct, 404-centrifugal fan, 405-centrifugal fan variable frequency control system, 5-particle filtration system, 501-inlet end, 502-vibration device, 503-storage device, 504-filter device , 505- outlet port, 506- particle filter housing, 507- emptying port, 601- thermal imager, 602- environmental monitoring sensor, 603- sound collection device, 604- three-way vibration acceleration sensor, 605- laser particle counter, 7- transmission device, 8- caliper, 9- cylinder I, 10- brake disc, 11- cylinder II, 12- tread inclined support, 13- tread brake wheel, 14- middle rod, 15- tread brake friction block, 16- particle purification device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. It should be pointed out that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as those generally understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. The terms used in this way should be understood; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are usually used in relation to the directions shown in the drawings, or in relation to the components themselves in the vertical, perpendicular or gravity direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "inner", "outer", etc. refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself. However, the above-mentioned directional words are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the utility model rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device includes a test bench base 3, a brake simulation system, an atmosphere cavity 2, an emission loop 4, a particle filtration system 5 and a data acquisition system. The test bench base 3 is provided with a brake simulation system and an atmosphere cavity 2, and a data acquisition system is provided outside the brake simulation system. The atmosphere cavity 2 is connected to the particle filtration system 5 through the emission loop 4;

[0035] The braking simulation system includes a control system, a drive device 1, a transmission device 7 and a friction braking module. The control system is connected to the drive device 1 and the friction braking module respectively. The friction braking module is a disc brake module or a tread brake module, and the transmission device 7 and the friction braking module are arranged inside the atmosphere cavity 2.

[0036] It should be noted that the disc brake module or the tread brake module are both existing technologies. The disc brake module includes a brake disc 10, a cylinder I 9, a caliper 8 and a friction block arranged on the caliper 8; the tread brake module includes a cylinder II 11, a tread inclined support 12, a tread brake wheel 13, an intermediate rod 14, and a tread brake friction block 15.

[0037] In the present invention, by arranging the braking system inside the atmosphere cavity 2, the present invention can shield the interference of external factors on the test during the test process, thereby improving the reliability of the test results.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, a cleaning device 204 is provided inside the atmosphere cavity 2, and a particle collection device 203 is provided at the lower end. An inclined extension plate 202 is provided at the top of the particle collection device 203, and the other end of the inclined extension plate 202 abuts against the inner wall of the atmosphere cavity 2. A removable glass observation window 201 is provided on the surface of the atmosphere cavity 2, and a particle purification device 16 is provided at the connection between the atmosphere cavity 2 and the emission circuit 4.

[0039] In the above embodiment, by providing a cleaning device 204 inside the atmosphere chamber 2, the brake particles on the brake interface can fall into the particle collection device 203 after the test. Through the particle collection device 203 and the inclined extension plate 202 installed on the top thereof, the particles can be collected more efficiently under the action of their own gravity, ensuring that most of the brake particles in the test enter the emission circuit 4, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent tests. By providing a particle purification device 16 at the connection between the atmosphere chamber 2 and the emission circuit 4, the particles contained in the air during the test are all generated by the wear of the brake system. At the same time, by providing a detachable glass observation window 201 on the surface of the atmosphere chamber 2, the condition of the brake system during the test and the particles generated by the wear of the brake system during the test can be observed.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the atmosphere cavity 2 includes a connected bottom plate and a shell, and the surrounding cavity 2 is made by cold plate spraying process. The cleaning device 204 adopts a high-pressure nozzle, and the particle purification device 16 adopts a HEPA filter.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the atmosphere cavity 2 is connected to the test bench base 3 through the bottom plate. When the bottom plate is fixed, a sealing strip may be attached to the fixed connection portion to enhance the sealing performance of the cavity.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the discharge circuit 4 includes an air inlet 401, an air outlet 402 and an exhaust pipe 403, the air outlet 402 is connected to the bottom of the particle collection device 203, and the air inlet 401 and the exhaust pipe 403 are connected to the atmosphere.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the discharge circuit 4 further includes a centrifugal fan 404 and a centrifugal fan variable frequency control system 405 . The discharge circuit 4 is driven by the centrifugal fan 404 , and the centrifugal fan 404 is controlled by the centrifugal fan variable frequency control system 405 .

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the centrifugal fan 404 has a power of 2.2 kW.

[0045] In the above embodiment, the air outlet 402 of the discharge circuit 4 is connected to the particle collection device 203 in the atmosphere chamber 2, and under the action of the centrifugal fan 404, the brake particles generated by the wear of the brake system can smoothly pass through the discharge circuit 4 into the subsequent part of the device, thereby completing the efficient collection and real-time detection of the brake particles.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the particle filter system 5 includes a particle filter housing 506 and a vibration device 502 arranged outside the particle filter housing 506, and a filter device 504 and a storage device 503 are arranged in the particle filter housing 506 from top to bottom, and the filter device 504 and the storage device 503 divide the interior of the housing into a three-layer structure; the middle layer of the particle filter housing is provided with an inlet end 501, the upper layer is provided with an outlet end 505, and the lower layer is provided with an emptying port 507; the inlet end 501 and the outlet end 505 are both connected to the discharge circuit 4.

[0047] In the above embodiment, by connecting the inlet end 501 and the outlet end 505 of the particle filter system 5 with the emission circuit 4, the air filled with brake particles discharged from the atmosphere chamber 2 can pass through the emission circuit 4, and then enter from the inlet end 501 at the bottom of the particle filter system 5, and then the air carrying brake particles passes through the filter device 504 to reach the outlet end 505. In this process, the filter device 504 adsorbs the particles in the air through adsorption, and then under the action of the vibration device 502, the particles are collected together.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the storage device 503 includes a storage plate and a funnel plate, a through hole is provided in the middle of the storage plate, and the through hole is connected to the emptying port 507 through the funnel plate, one end of the funnel plate is connected to the storage plate, and the other end abuts against the inner bottom of the particle filter shell 506, and the funnel plate is arranged around the emptying port 507.

[0049] In the above embodiment, by providing a through hole in the middle of the storage plate and connecting it to the emptying port 507, it is ensured that the storage device 503 can take out the collected brake particles according to the test situation, avoiding the blockage of the test device during the collection process.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the filtering device 504 and the vibrating device 502 are controlled separately by a control system.

[0051] Optionally, the filter device 504 uses an electrostatic particle filter. When using this embodiment, when adsorbing brake particles in the air, the filter device 504 is powered on; when collecting the adsorbed brake particles, the filter device 504 is powered off and the vibration device 502 is started to improve the particle collection efficiency.

[0052] In the above embodiment, through the action of the vibration device 502, the test device greatly improves the efficiency of the particles adsorbed on the filter device 504 falling into the storage device 503. The bottom of the storage device 503 is provided with an emptying port 507, which can facilitate the subsequent removal of the brake particles.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the data acquisition system includes an environmental monitoring sensor 602 arranged inside the atmosphere cavity 2, a three-dimensional vibration acceleration sensor 604 arranged on the braking system, a sound collection device 603 arranged at the lower end of the braking system contact interface, a thermal imager 601 arranged on one side of the test bench base 3 at the same level as the braking system contact interface, and a laser particle counter 605 arranged opposite the outlet end of the exhaust circuit. The environmental monitoring sensor 602 is used to monitor any one or more of temperature, humidity, and air pressure.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the environment monitoring sensor 602 is a temperature, humidity and air pressure sensor.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the control system, drive device 1, transmission device 7, braking system, environmental monitoring sensor 602, three-axis vibration acceleration sensor 604, sound collection device 603, thermal imager 601, laser particle counter 605 and other devices are all existing technologies, and the specific structure will not be repeated here.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] In this embodiment, the rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device of the utility model is used to collect brake particles of the rail transit vehicle disc brake and conduct a real-time detection test, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0058] (1) starting the centrifugal fan variable frequency control system 405, and cleaning other particles inside the atmosphere chamber 2 by controlling the centrifugal fan 404, and shutting down the centrifugal fan 404 after the cleaning is completed;

[0059] (2) After cleaning the internal environment, a particle purification device 16 is installed at the connection between the air inlet 401 and the air outlet 402 and the atmosphere cavity 2;

[0060] In step (2), the particle purification device uses a HEPA filter, which can ensure that all other particles contained in the air during the test are excluded, so that the collected and detected particles are all from the braking system;

[0061] (3) opening the filter device 504 through the control system and adjusting the power of the filter device 504 so that most of the brake particles can be adsorbed by the filter device 504;

[0062] In step (3), the filtering device 504 uses an electrostatic particle filter, which can adjust the adsorption effect on particles under the control of the control system, and can ensure that most particles are adsorbed and a small number of particles pass through during the test; after the electrostatic particle filter is powered off, the particles adsorbed on it will fall off the electrostatic particle filter due to gravity;

[0063] (4) The driving device 1 is started through the control system, and the driving device 1 drives the transmission device 7 to make the brake disc 10 in the disc brake module reach a set speed, and then the driving device 1 is turned off;

[0064] (5) The control system starts the cylinder I9 in the disc brake module to push the caliper 8, so that the brake disc 10 completes braking under the action of the friction block on the caliper 8;

[0065] (6) After braking, the cleaning device 204 is turned on by the control system to make all particles on the braking interface fall off;

[0066] (7) The filter device 504 is closed and the vibration device 502 is opened through the control system, so that the adsorbed particles fall into the storage device 503, thereby completing the particle collection.

[0067] During the braking process of the brake disc 10, the particles generated by the brake system enter the particle filter housing 506 along with the air, most of the particles are adsorbed by the filter device 504, and a small number of particles are captured in real time by the laser particle counter 605 installed at the exhaust pipe 403 to detect the composition, size and concentration of the emitted particles. By analyzing the collected signals and conducting subsequent research on the particles in the storage device 503, the brake emission test results of rail transit vehicles using disc brakes can be obtained.

[0068] At the same time, during the braking process, the temperature, humidity and air pressure sensors and the sound collection device 603 are used to collect the environmental conditions and noise generated during the test, the three-axis vibration acceleration sensor 605 is used to collect the tangential vibration acceleration signal generated by the friction block during the test, and the thermal imager 601 is used to record the real-time temperature change of the braking system during the test. By analyzing these data, we can more clearly understand the impact of brake particles on various aspects of the braking system under different working conditions.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] In this embodiment, the rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device of the utility model is used to collect brake particles of rail transit vehicle tread braking and conduct real-time detection test, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0071] (1) starting the centrifugal fan variable frequency control system 405, and cleaning other particles inside the atmosphere chamber 2 by controlling the centrifugal fan 404, and then shutting down the centrifugal fan 404 after completion;

[0072] (2) After cleaning the internal environment, a particle purification device 16 is installed at the connection between the air inlet 401 and the air outlet 402 and the atmosphere cavity 2;

[0073] (3) Open the filter device 504 through the control system, and adjust the voltage power of the control system so that most of the brake particles can be adsorbed by the filter device 504;

[0074] (4) The driving device 1 is started through the control system, and the driving device 1 drives the transmission device 7, so that the tread brake wheel 13 in the tread brake module reaches a set speed and then the driving device 1 is turned off;

[0075] (5) The cylinder II 11 in the tread brake module is started by the control system, and the tread brake friction block 15 is pushed by the intermediate rod 14 installed on the tread inclined support 12 to complete the braking test of the tread brake;

[0076] (6) After braking, the cleaning device 204 is turned on by the control system to make all particles on the braking interface fall off;

[0077] (7) The filter device 504 is closed and the vibration device 502 is opened through the control system, so that the adsorbed particles fall into the storage device 503, thereby completing the particle collection;

[0078] During the braking process of the tread brake wheel 13, the laser particle counter 605 installed at the exhaust pipe 403 is used to capture the particles discharged during the test and detect the composition, size and concentration of the discharged particles. By analyzing the collected signals and conducting subsequent research in combination with the particles collected in the storage device 503, the test results of the braking emission characteristics of the rail transit vehicle using tread braking under different working conditions can be obtained.

[0079] In summary, the utility model can realistically simulate the braking emission characteristics of rail transit vehicles using disc or tread braking methods, and through the reasonable setting of the test device, it is possible to simultaneously complete the high-efficiency collection of particles generated by the braking system under different working conditions and the real-time detection of particles during the test; the control system is used to accurately control the filter device 504 and the vibration device 503, and the particles adsorbed on the filter device 504 can be cleaned regularly to prevent particle clogging and affect the test results. At the same time, under the action of the vibration device 502, the particles can fall into the storage device 503 below more quickly, which extends the service life of the filter device 504 and reduces the steps of disassembling the filter device 504 and then collecting, thereby strengthening the control of the test and improving the test efficiency.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles from rail transit vehicles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test bench base (3), a braking simulation system, an atmosphere cavity (2), an exhaust circuit (4), a particle filtration system (5) and a data acquisition system. The braking simulation system and the atmosphere cavity (2) are arranged on the test bench base (3). The data acquisition system is arranged outside the braking simulation system. The atmosphere cavity (2) and the particle filtration system (5) are connected via the exhaust circuit (4). The braking simulation system comprises a control system, a drive device (1), a transmission device (7) and a friction brake module. The control system is respectively connected to the drive device (1) and the friction brake module. The friction brake module is a disc brake module or a tread brake module. The transmission device (7) and the friction brake module are arranged inside the atmosphere cavity (2).

2. A rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cleaning device (204) is provided inside the atmosphere cavity (2), and a particle collecting device (203) is provided at the lower end; an inclined extension plate (202) is provided at the top of the particle collecting device (203); the other end of the inclined extension plate (202) is in contact with the inner wall of the atmosphere cavity (2); a detachable glass observation window (201) is provided on the surface of the atmosphere cavity (2); and a particle purification device (16) is provided at the connection between the atmosphere cavity (2) and the exhaust circuit (4).

3. The device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles of rail transit vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The atmosphere cavity (2) comprises a connected bottom plate and a shell, the atmosphere cavity (2) is manufactured by a cold plate spraying process, the cleaning device (204) inside the atmosphere cavity (2) adopts a high-pressure nozzle, and the particle purification device (16) adopts a HEPA filter.

4. The device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles of rail transit vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge circuit (4) comprises an air inlet (401), an air outlet (402) and an exhaust pipe (403); the air outlet (402) is connected to the bottom of the particle collection device (203); and the air inlet (401) and the exhaust pipe (403) are connected to the atmosphere.

5. The device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles of rail transit vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge circuit (4) further comprises a centrifugal fan (404) and a centrifugal fan variable frequency control system (405); the discharge circuit (4) is driven by the centrifugal fan (404), and the centrifugal fan (404) is controlled by the centrifugal fan variable frequency control system (405).

6. The device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles of rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle filter system (5) comprises a particle filter housing (506) and a vibration device (502) arranged outside the particle filter housing (506); a filter device (504) and a storage device (503) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the particle filter housing (506); the filter device (504) and the storage device (503) divide the interior of the housing into a three-layer structure; the middle layer of the particle filter housing (506) is provided with an inlet end (501), the upper layer is provided with an outlet end (505), and the lower layer is provided with a clearing port (507); the inlet end (501) and the outlet end (505) are both connected to the discharge circuit (4).

7. A rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The storage device (503) comprises a storage plate and a funnel plate. A through hole is provided in the middle of the storage plate, and the through hole is connected to the emptying port (507) through the funnel plate. One end of the funnel plate is connected to the storage plate, and the other end abuts against the inner bottom of the particle filter housing (506). The funnel plate is arranged around the emptying port (507).

8. The device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles of rail transit vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filtering device (504) and the vibrating device (502) are respectively controlled by a control system.

9. The device for collecting and detecting brake emission particles of rail transit vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filtering device (504) uses an electrostatic particle filter.

10. The rail transit vehicle brake emission particle collection and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system comprises an environment monitoring sensor (602) arranged inside the atmosphere cavity (2), a three-dimensional vibration acceleration sensor (604) arranged on the braking simulation system, a sound collection device (603) arranged at the lower end of the contact interface of the braking simulation system, a thermal imager (601) arranged on one side of the test bench base (3) at the same level as the contact interface of the braking simulation system, and a laser particle counter (605) arranged opposite to the outlet end of the exhaust circuit, wherein the environment monitoring sensor (602) is used to monitor any one or more of temperature, humidity, and air pressure.

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