Solid hydrogen storage tank and vehicle-mounted solid hydrogen storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solid hydrogen storage tank and a vehicle-mounted solid hydrogen storage system, belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage equipment, and aims to reduce the filling difficulty of a hydrogen storage module. A hydrogen storage module of the solid hydrogen storage tank comprises a first type of hydrogen storage component arranged in a first hydrogen storage cavity and a second type of hydrogen storage component arranged in a second hydrogen storage cavity; the first type of hydrogen storage component is mainly composed of a first cylindrical hydrogen storage piece and at least two first circular ring type hydrogen storage layers, and the second type of hydrogen storage component is mainly composed of a second cylindrical hydrogen storage piece and at least two second circular ring type hydrogen storage layers; the structural stability and the hydrogen storage amount can be improved through the first cylindrical hydrogen storage piece and the second cylindrical hydrogen storage piece, and filling of the first circular ring type hydrogen storage layer and the second circular ring type hydrogen storage layer is facilitated; the first circular ring type hydrogen storage layer is formed by splicing three circular-arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks, so that filling in a position with a relatively small operation space is facilitated; and the second circular ring type hydrogen storage layer is formed by splicing two semicircular hydrogen storage blocks, so that the blocks are easy to press and fill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage equipment, and specifically relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage tank and a vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system. Background Art

[0002] The on-board hydrogen storage system is a key component of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, with two main functions: one is to store hydrogen, and the other is to provide hydrogen that meets the pressure and flow requirements to the fuel cell stack during the vehicle's driving. The on-board hydrogen storage system includes high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage systems, liquid hydrogen storage systems, solid-state hydrogen storage systems, etc. Compared with other hydrogen storage methods, the two most significant advantages of solid-state hydrogen storage are high volumetric hydrogen storage density and good safety performance. In addition, solid-state hydrogen storage can be carried out at normal temperature and pressure, and the hydrogen storage tank is easy to seal. Even if a hydrogen leak occurs in an emergency, the hydrogen storage tank can automatically reduce the leakage rate and amount of hydrogen, thereby gaining valuable time for taking safety measures.

[0003] However, the hydrogen storage tanks of the existing on-board solid-state hydrogen storage systems are basically made of carbon steel or stainless steel, and the outer wall and flange of the tank are welded. For low-pressure hydrogen storage systems below 10MPa, the hydrogen storage tanks of the above structure have the disadvantages of heavy weight, redundant safety margin, more adapters, and difficult airtightness inspection. In addition, in the hydrogen storage tanks of the existing on-board solid-state hydrogen storage systems, the hydrogen storage module includes multiple layers of solid-state hydrogen storage units, and each layer of solid-state hydrogen storage units is composed of multiple fan-shaped solid-state hydrogen storage blocks. For example: a solid-state hydrogen storage tank with an internal heat exchange structure disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN117267601A; it can be seen that there are too many solid-state hydrogen storage blocks in the hydrogen storage module of the existing hydrogen storage tank, and the consistency of the performance of each solid-state hydrogen storage block must be ensured during filling, which leads to its complex structure, cumbersome block pressing process and greater difficulty in filling, and high production and maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model provides a solid hydrogen storage tank with a hydrogen storage module that is easy to fill.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: a solid hydrogen storage tank comprises a tank body, a partition module and a hydrogen storage module;

[0006] The rear end of the tank body is provided with a filling port connected to the inner cavity thereof;

[0007] The separation module and the hydrogen storage module are both arranged in the inner cavity of the tank;

[0008] The hydrogen storage module is made of solid hydrogen storage material;

[0009] The partition module divides the inner cavity of the tank body into at least two hydrogen storage cavities, each of which is spaced apart along the axial direction of the tank body, wherein the hydrogen storage cavity closest to the filling port is the first hydrogen storage cavity, and the remaining hydrogen storage cavities are the second hydrogen storage cavities;

[0010] The hydrogen storage module includes a first type of hydrogen storage component disposed in a first hydrogen storage chamber, and a second type of hydrogen storage component disposed in a second hydrogen storage chamber;

[0011] The first type of hydrogen storage component comprises a first cylindrical hydrogen storage member arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity along the axial direction of the tank body, a first cylindrical cavity is formed between the outer wall of the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member and the cavity wall of the first hydrogen storage cavity, the first cylindrical cavity is filled with at least two first annular hydrogen storage layers stacked along the axial direction of the tank body, the first annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of three arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks, and the central angle of the arc-shaped hydrogen storage block is less than or equal to 180°;

[0012] The second type of hydrogen storage component includes a second cylindrical hydrogen storage member arranged in the second hydrogen storage chamber along the axial direction of the tank body, a second cylindrical cavity is formed between the outer wall of the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member and the cavity wall of the second hydrogen storage chamber, the second cylindrical cavity is filled with at least two second annular hydrogen storage layers stacked along the axial direction of the tank body, and the second annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of two semicircular hydrogen storage blocks spliced ​​together.

[0013] Furthermore, the partition module includes a first partition component, a second partition component and a third partition component;

[0014] The first partition member is disposed at the front end of the tank body cavity and is configured to fill the spherical crown cavity at the front end of the tank body cavity;

[0015] The second partition member is disposed at the rear end of the tank body cavity and is configured to fill the spherical crown cavity at the rear end of the tank body cavity;

[0016] The third partition component is disposed in the inner cavity of the tank body and between the first partition component and the second partition component, and is configured to divide the inner cavity of the tank body into at least two hydrogen storage chambers.

[0017] Further, the first partition member, the second partition member and the third partition member are all made of partition material;

[0018] The separation material comprises a separation substrate made of a porous elastic material and a heat-conducting layer arranged on the surface of the separation substrate.

[0019] Furthermore, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank also includes a head assembly;

[0020] The sealing head assembly is arranged at the filling port and is used for sealing the filling port.

[0021] Furthermore, the head assembly includes an end cover and a sealing ring;

[0022] The end cover is arranged at the filling port, and has a cover plug extending into the filling port;

[0023] The sealing ring is arranged between the outer wall surface of the cover plug and the inner wall surface of the filling port.

[0024] Furthermore, the head assembly also includes a metal gasket and a filter gasket;

[0025] The loading port is provided with a first flange;

[0026] The end cover is provided with a second flange, and the second flange is connected to the first flange through a connecting piece;

[0027] The metal gasket is arranged between the first flange and the second flange;

[0028] The filter gasket is arranged between the first type hydrogen storage component and the cover plug.

[0029] Furthermore, the tank body and / or the end cover are provided with hydrogen filling and discharging ports;

[0030] The inner cavity of the tank body is provided with air guide pipes respectively connected with each hydrogen storage cavity, and the air guide ports of the air guide pipes are connected with the hydrogen charging and discharging ports.

[0031] Furthermore, the hydrogen filling and discharging port is opened at the front end of the tank body;

[0032] The air guide pipe is a T-shaped air guide pipe, which includes a pipe body, an air guide plate and a filter membrane;

[0033] The pipeline body is arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body and is coaxial with the tank body; the pipeline body is provided with air guide holes respectively connected with each hydrogen storage cavity;

[0034] The gas guide plate is arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity, is located at the rear side of the first type of hydrogen storage component, and is connected to the pipeline body; the gas guide plate is provided with a gas guide hole connected to the first hydrogen storage cavity;

[0035] The filter membrane is covered on the surface of the pipeline body and the air guide plate;

[0036] The first cylindrical hydrogen storage member and the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member are both sleeved on the pipeline body;

[0037] The tank body, end cover and air duct are all made of 5 series or 6 series aluminum alloy, and are all manufactured by metal additive manufacturing technology.

[0038] The utility model also provides a vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system, comprising at least one group of hydrogen storage tanks, wherein the hydrogen storage tank group comprises two hydrogen storage tanks whose hydrogen filling and discharging ports are connected to each other; the hydrogen storage tanks are the above-mentioned solid-state hydrogen storage tanks.

[0039] Furthermore, in the hydrogen storage tank group:

[0040] The tank bodies of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected together through a connecting frame;

[0041] The hydrogen filling and discharging ports of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected to each other through a connecting channel arranged along the contour of the tank body, or through an external pre-buried pipe.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the hydrogen storage module of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank includes a first type of hydrogen storage component arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity, and a second type of hydrogen storage component arranged in the second hydrogen storage cavity; the first type of hydrogen storage component is mainly composed of a first cylindrical hydrogen storage component and at least two first annular hydrogen storage layers, and the first cylindrical hydrogen storage component is arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity along the axial direction of the tank body. On the one hand, it can carry the first annular hydrogen storage layer and ensure the structural stability of the first type of hydrogen storage component; on the other hand, it can also be used for hydrogen storage, which is conducive to fully utilizing the space of the first hydrogen storage cavity; on the other hand, it can form a first cylindrical cavity with the cavity wall of the first hydrogen storage cavity to facilitate the filling of the first annular hydrogen storage layer; in addition, because the first hydrogen storage cavity is closest to the filling port and is at the end of the filling, the operable space is small, so the first annular hydrogen storage layer adopts a structure composed of three central angles less than or equal to 180°. The structure composed of arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks can effectively reduce the difficulty of loading the arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks into the first hydrogen storage cavity without increasing the number of arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks too much; the second type of hydrogen storage component is mainly composed of a second cylindrical hydrogen storage component and at least two second annular hydrogen storage layers. The second cylindrical hydrogen storage component is arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity along the axial direction of the tank body. On the one hand, it can carry the second annular hydrogen storage layer and ensure the structural stability of the second type of hydrogen storage component. On the other hand, it can also be used for hydrogen storage, which is conducive to fully utilizing the space of the second hydrogen storage cavity. On the other hand, it can form a second cylindrical cavity with the cavity wall of the second hydrogen storage cavity to facilitate the loading of the second annular hydrogen storage layer. In addition, since the second hydrogen storage cavity is far away from the loading port, the operable space is large. Therefore, the second annular hydrogen storage layer adopts a structure composed of two semicircular ring-shaped hydrogen storage blocks spliced ​​together, which has a simple structure and is easy to press and load.

[0043] The technical effects brought about or directly produced by other technical features of the utility model will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation method section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional explosion structure of the solid hydrogen storage tank in the utility model;

[0045] Figure 2It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solid hydrogen storage tank in the utility model;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank in the utility model without being filled with a hydrogen storage module;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the second type of hydrogen storage component in the utility model being loaded;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional display diagram of the first type of hydrogen storage component in the utility model being loaded;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system without pre-buried tubes in the utility model;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-buried tube-type vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system in the utility model;

[0051] Marked in the figure are: tank body 100, filling port 101, first hydrogen storage chamber 102, second hydrogen storage chamber 103, hydrogen charging and discharging port 104, first flange 110, air guide pipe 120, pipeline body 121, air guide plate 122, first type hydrogen storage component 210, first cylindrical hydrogen storage component 211, arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212, second type hydrogen storage component 220, second cylindrical hydrogen storage component 221, semicircular ring-shaped hydrogen storage block 222, first partition component 310, second partition component 320, third partition component 330, head assembly 400, end cover 410, cover plug 411, second flange 412, sealing ring 420, metal gasket 430, filter gasket 440, connector 450, connecting frame 500, connecting channel 610, embedded pipe 620, auxiliary positioning rod 700. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent components with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate directions or positions, and dimensional relationships based on the directions or position relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or component must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0054] When the term "plurality" indicates quantity, it usually refers to a quantity of three or more, for example: "plurality" usually means three or more. The expression "mainly composed of..." is interpreted as also containing structural components not mentioned in the sentence. The term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example: A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank includes a tank body 100, a partition module and a hydrogen storage module;

[0056] The tank body 100 is the main part of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank, which generally has a structure including a spherical crown top, a cylindrical middle part and a spherical crown bottom; the rear end of the tank body 100 is provided with a filling port 101 connected to its inner cavity, which is used for filling the separation module and the hydrogen storage module;

[0057] The separation module and the hydrogen storage module are both arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body 100;

[0058] The partition module divides the inner cavity of the tank body 100 into at least two hydrogen storage chambers, and the hydrogen storage chambers are spaced apart along the axial direction of the tank body 100, wherein the hydrogen storage chamber closest to the filling port 101 is the first hydrogen storage chamber 102, and the remaining hydrogen storage chambers are the second hydrogen storage chambers 103;

[0059] The hydrogen storage module is made of solid-state hydrogen storage materials, which can reversibly absorb and release hydrogen. Common solid-state hydrogen storage materials include rare earth, magnesium, titanium, vanadium-based solid solution, zirconium and other hydrogen storage alloy materials;

[0060] The hydrogen storage module includes a first type of hydrogen storage component 210 disposed in the first hydrogen storage chamber 102, and a second type of hydrogen storage component 220 disposed in the second hydrogen storage chamber 103;

[0061] The first type of hydrogen storage component 210 includes a first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211 arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity 102 along the axial direction of the tank body 100, a first cylindrical cavity is formed between the outer wall of the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211 and the cavity wall of the first hydrogen storage cavity 102, the first cylindrical cavity is filled with at least two first annular hydrogen storage layers stacked along the axial direction of the tank body 100, the first annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of three arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 212, and the central angle of the arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212 is less than or equal to 180°;

[0062] The second type of hydrogen storage component 220 includes a second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 arranged in the second hydrogen storage chamber 103 along the axial direction of the tank body 100, and a second cylindrical cavity is formed between the outer wall of the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 and the cavity wall of the second hydrogen storage chamber 103. The second cylindrical cavity is filled with at least two second annular hydrogen storage layers stacked along the axial direction of the tank body 100, and the second annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of two semicircular hydrogen storage blocks 222 spliced ​​together.

[0063] Among them, the first cylindrical hydrogen storage component 211 can, on the one hand, carry the first annular hydrogen storage layer and ensure the structural stability of the first type of hydrogen storage component 210, and on the other hand, it can also be used for hydrogen storage, which is conducive to making full use of the space of the first hydrogen storage cavity 102. On the other hand, the first cylindrical cavity formed by it and the cavity wall of the first hydrogen storage cavity 102 is convenient for filling the first annular hydrogen storage layer; in addition, since the first hydrogen storage cavity 102 is closest to the filling port 101 and is at the end of the filling, the operating space is small. Therefore, the first annular hydrogen storage layer adopts a structure composed of three arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 212 with a central angle less than or equal to 180°. It can effectively reduce the difficulty of filling the arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 212 into the first hydrogen storage cavity 102 without increasing the number of arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 212.

[0064] The three arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 212 constituting the first annular hydrogen storage layer may be arc-shaped blocks with the same central angle, that is, the central angle of each arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212 is 120°; or they may be three arc-shaped blocks with different central angles. In some embodiments of the utility model, in order to improve the interchangeability of the arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212 and the semicircular annular hydrogen storage block 222, so as to facilitate manufacturing and mutual replacement, and help reduce production and maintenance costs, the following method is combined with the invention: Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the first annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of an arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212 with a central angle of 180° and two arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 212 with a central angle of 90°.

[0065] The second cylindrical hydrogen storage component 221, on the one hand, can carry the second annular hydrogen storage layer and ensure the structural stability of the second type of hydrogen storage component 220; on the other hand, it can also be used for hydrogen storage, which is conducive to making full use of the space of the second hydrogen storage chamber 103; on the other hand, the second cylindrical cavity formed by it and the cavity wall of the second hydrogen storage chamber 103 is convenient for the filling of the second annular hydrogen storage layer; in addition, since the second hydrogen storage chamber 103 is far away from the filling port 101, the operating space is relatively large, and therefore the second annular hydrogen storage layer adopts a structure composed of two semicircular hydrogen storage blocks 222 spliced ​​together, which has a simple structure and is easy to press and fill.

[0066] The number of layers of the first annular hydrogen storage layer is generally determined based on the thickness of the first annular hydrogen storage layer and the axial length of the first hydrogen storage cavity 102, and it is necessary to ensure that it can be loaded from the filling port 101; taking the inner diameter of the tank body 100 of 100mm, the necking of 50%, and the axial length of the first hydrogen storage cavity 102 of 75mm as an example, at this time, the diameter of the filling port 101 is 50mm. In order to ensure that the arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212 can be smoothly loaded into the inner cavity of the tank body 100, combined with the actual installation test results, the thickness of the first annular hydrogen storage layer is generally determined to be 25mm, which is half of the diameter of the filling port 101. At this time, the number of layers of the first annular hydrogen storage layer is determined to be three layers. Similarly, the number of layers of the second annular hydrogen storage layer can also be determined in the above manner.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211, the arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212, the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 and the semicircular ring-shaped hydrogen storage block 222 are all made of compressed hydrogen storage alloy powder, so as to increase the contact area with hydrogen and improve the adsorption and desorption performance of hydrogen.

[0068] Recombination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, the partition module includes a first partition component 310, a second partition component 320 and a third partition component 330; the first partition component 310 is arranged at the front end of the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and is constructed to fill the spherical cap cavity at the front end of the inner cavity of the tank body 100; the second partition component 320 is arranged at the rear end of the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and is constructed to fill the spherical cap cavity at the rear end of the inner cavity of the tank body 100; the third partition component 330 is arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and is located between the first partition component 310 and the second partition component 320, and is constructed to divide the inner cavity of the tank body 100 into at least two hydrogen storage chambers. The partition module can not only separate the inner cavity of the tank body 100 and fill the curved cavity of the inner cavity of the tank body 100 to reduce local stress concentration and improve safety, but also buffer the axial expansion displacement of the hydrogen storage module due to heat release during hydrogen charging and compensate for the axial contraction displacement of the hydrogen storage module due to heat absorption during hydrogen decomposition, so as to ensure the structural stability and service life of the hydrogen storage module.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first partition member 310, the second partition member 320 and the third partition member 330 are all made of a partition material; the partition material includes a partition substrate made of a porous elastic material, and a heat-conducting layer arranged on the surface of the partition substrate. The porous elastic material can be of various types, preferably sponge or sponge composite materials; the heat-conducting layer can be made of graphite material, heat-conducting gel, etc., which can be set by pasting, brushing, spraying, etc., which can enhance the thermal conductivity of the partition module to effectively conduct temperature, and avoid the hydrogen storage module absorbing and releasing hydrogen process causing the temperature distribution gradient inside the solid hydrogen storage tank to be large and the peak temperature is too high during hydrogen filling.

[0070] Recombination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the solid-state hydrogen storage tank also includes a head assembly 400; the head assembly 400 is disposed at the filling port 101, and is used to seal the filling port 101 to enhance the strength and rigidity of the solid-state hydrogen storage tank and protect the internal hydrogen storage module.

[0071] Recombination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the end cap assembly 400 includes an end cap 410 and a sealing ring 420; the end cap 410 is provided at the filling port 101, and has a plug 411 extending into the filling port 101; the sealing ring 420 is provided between the outer wall surface of the plug 411 and the inner wall surface of the filling port 101. The end cap assembly 400 has a simple structure and a good sealing effect. Among them, the sealing ring 420 is usually an O-ring, preferably an O-ring made of modified EPDM rubber, which has excellent aging resistance, as well as good elasticity and resilience, and can ensure the sealing effect.

[0072] Recombination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the head assembly 400 further includes a metal gasket 430 and a filter gasket 440;

[0073] A first flange 110 is provided on the loading port 101;

[0074] The end cover 410 is provided with a second flange 412, and the second flange 412 is connected to the first flange 110 via a connecting piece 450;

[0075] The metal gasket 430 is disposed between the first flange 110 and the second flange 412 to compensate for the microscopic gap between the flanges, so as to ensure the connection effect of the flanges and further improve the sealing of the connection;

[0076] The filter gasket 440 is disposed between the first type hydrogen storage component 210 and the cover plug 411. The filter holes of the filter gasket 440 are smaller than the particle diameter of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and are used to protect the hydrogen storage alloy powder. The filter gasket 440 can be of various types, preferably a nickel metal gasket.

[0077] The connecting member 450 can be of various types, and is preferably a bolt.

[0078] Recombination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, a hydrogen charging and discharging port 104 is provided on the tank body 100 and / or the end cover 410; an air duct 120 connected to each hydrogen storage cavity is provided in the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and the air duct port of the air duct 120 is connected to the hydrogen charging and discharging port 104 for charging and discharging hydrogen.

[0079] Recombination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the hydrogen filling and discharging port 104 is opened at the front end of the tank body 100;

[0080] The air guide pipe 120 is a T-shaped air guide pipe, which includes a pipe body 121, an air guide plate 122 and a filter membrane;

[0081] The pipeline body 121 is disposed in the inner cavity of the tank body 100 and is coaxial with the tank body 100; the pipeline body 121 is provided with air guide holes respectively connected to each hydrogen storage cavity;

[0082] The gas guide plate 122 is disposed in the first hydrogen storage chamber 102 and is located at the rear side of the first type hydrogen storage component 210 and is connected to the pipeline body 121; the gas guide plate 122 is provided with a gas guide hole connected to the first hydrogen storage chamber 102;

[0083] The filter membrane is covered on the surface of the pipeline body 121 and the air guide plate 122;

[0084] The first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211 and the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 are both sleeved on the pipeline body 121 .

[0085] Among them, the pipe body 121 of the T-shaped air guide pipe remains coaxial with the tank body 100, which not only has a good air guide effect, but also can enhance the structural stability of the medium inside the tank body 100; in addition, the air guide effect can be further improved by the air guide plate 122, and the hydrogen storage alloy powder can be protected by the filter membrane to prevent its escape, and hydrogen can be allowed to pass through, and the air guide holes can be prevented from being blocked.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the materials of the tank body 100, the end cover 410, and the gas guide pipe 120 are all 5-series or 6-series aluminum alloys, and they are all processed by metal additive manufacturing processes. In this way, while ensuring that the solid hydrogen storage tank meets the strength requirements, its overall mass is significantly reduced. The metal additive manufacturing process is an existing process method, and its basic principle is: by adding metal powder, metal wire, or metal sheet layer by layer to construct a three-dimensional object; common metal additive manufacturing methods include: laser melting additive manufacturing method, powder spraying deposition additive manufacturing method, arc additive manufacturing method, and so on.

[0087] The present utility model also provides a vehicle-mounted solid hydrogen storage system, which includes at least one set of hydrogen storage tank groups. Each hydrogen storage tank group includes two hydrogen storage tanks with their hydrogen charging and discharging ports 104 connected to each other, and the hydrogen storage tank is the above-mentioned solid hydrogen storage tank. The number of hydrogen storage tank groups can be set independently according to actual needs. Two or more groups of hydrogen storage tank groups can be simply connected in parallel to achieve an increase in the hydrogen storage scale. The hydrogen charging and discharging ports 104 of the two hydrogen storage tanks in the same group are connected to each other, which enables a hydrogen storage tank group to only require one adapter, with a simple structure, facilitating the guarantee of the sealing effect and simple and convenient airtight inspection.

[0088] As Figure 6 shown, the vehicle-mounted solid hydrogen storage system has a non-pre-buried pipe structure. In its hydrogen storage tank group:

[0089] The tank bodies 100 of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected to each other by a connecting frame 500; the connecting frame 500 is used to connect two or more hydrogen storage tanks to improve the structural strength and stability of the hydrogen storage tank group; the structure of the connecting frame 500 can be various, for example: an "L" shape or a structure composed of multiple "L" shapes, an "X" shape or a structure composed of multiple "X" shapes, a "W" shape or a structure composed of multiple "W" shapes, and so on;

[0090] The hydrogen charging and discharging ports 104 of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected through a connecting channel 610 arranged along the contour of the tank body 100. The connecting channel 610 can connect the inner cavities of the two hydrogen storage tanks, enabling hydrogen to flow freely between them, so as to reduce the gas path interfaces of the system and improve the sealing performance of the system. The structure of the connecting channel 610 can be various, and preferably the Figure 6 "Ji" shape structure shown.

[0091] As Figure 7 shown, the vehicle-mounted solid hydrogen storage system has a pre-buried pipe structure. In its hydrogen storage tank group:

[0092] The tank bodies 100 of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected to each other by a connecting frame 500;

[0093] The hydrogen charging and discharging ports 104 of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected through an externally connected pre-buried pipe 620.

[0094] The embedded pipe 620 is an external component, which can not only connect the inner cavities of the two hydrogen storage tanks in the same group to reduce the gas path interfaces of the system, but also simplify the structure of the hydrogen storage tank group and improve its production efficiency; the embedded pipe 620 is usually an arc-shaped structure with mature bending technology and low production cost; the material of the embedded pipe 620 is usually 5 series or 6 series aluminum alloy, preferably formed by bending a seamless aluminum tube.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system without pre-buried pipes includes a hydrogen storage tank group, and the hydrogen storage tank group includes two solid-state hydrogen storage tanks with hydrogen filling and discharging ports 104 connected to each other;

[0097] The solid-state hydrogen storage tank includes a tank body 100, a partition module, a hydrogen storage module and a head assembly 400;

[0098] The rear end of the tank body 100 is provided with a filling port 101 communicating with the inner cavity thereof;

[0099] The partition module includes a first partition component 310, a second partition component 320 and a third partition component 330; the first partition component 310 is arranged at the front end of the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and the second partition component 320 is arranged at the rear end of the inner cavity of the tank body 100; there are two third partition components 330, which are arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body 100 and are located between the first partition component 310 and the second partition component 320, and are configured to divide the inner cavity of the tank body 100 into three hydrogen storage chambers, wherein the hydrogen storage chamber closest to the filling port 101 is the first hydrogen storage chamber 102, and the remaining two hydrogen storage chambers are the second hydrogen storage chambers 103;

[0100] The hydrogen storage module includes a first type of hydrogen storage component 210 disposed in the first hydrogen storage chamber 102, and a second type of hydrogen storage component 220 disposed in the second hydrogen storage chamber 103; the first type of hydrogen storage component 210 includes a first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211 disposed in the first hydrogen storage chamber 102 along the axial direction of the tank body 100, and a first cylindrical cavity is formed between the outer wall of the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211 and the cavity wall of the first hydrogen storage chamber 102, and the first cylindrical cavity is filled with three layers stacked along the axial direction of the tank body 100. The first annular hydrogen storage layer is provided, and the first annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of a circular arc hydrogen storage block 212 with a central angle of 180° and two circular arc hydrogen storage blocks 212 with a central angle of 90°; the second type of hydrogen storage component 220 provided in the second hydrogen storage cavity 103 adjacent to the first hydrogen storage cavity 102 includes: a second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 provided in the second hydrogen storage cavity 103 along the axial direction of the tank body 100, and the outer wall of the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 is connected to the cavity of the second hydrogen storage cavity 103. A second cylindrical cavity is formed between the walls, and the second cylindrical cavity is filled with four second annular hydrogen storage layers stacked in layers along the axial direction of the tank body 100, and the second annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of two semicircular ring-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 222 spliced ​​together; the second type of hydrogen storage component 220 arranged in the second hydrogen storage cavity 103 adjacent to the first partition component 310 includes: the second type of hydrogen storage component 220 arranged in the second hydrogen storage cavity 103 includes: a second cylindrical hydrogen storage layer arranged in the second hydrogen storage cavity 103 along the axial direction of the tank body 100 The hydrogen storage member 221, the outer wall of the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 and the cavity wall of the second hydrogen storage cavity 103 form a second cylindrical cavity, the second cylindrical cavity is filled with three second annular hydrogen storage layers stacked in layers along the axial direction of the tank body 100, and the second annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of two semicircular hydrogen storage blocks 222; the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211, the arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212, the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 and the semicircular hydrogen storage block 222 are all made of compressed hydrogen storage alloy powder;

[0101] The end cap assembly 400 includes an end cover 410, a sealing ring 420, a metal gasket 430 and a filter gasket 440; the end cover 410 is disposed at the loading port 101, and has a plug 411 extending into the loading port 101; the sealing ring 420 is disposed between the outer wall surface of the plug 411 and the inner wall surface of the loading port 101; a first flange 110 is disposed on the loading port 101; a second flange 412 is disposed on the end cover 410, and the second flange 412 is connected to the first flange 110 through a connecting piece 450; the metal gasket 430 is disposed between the first flange 110 and the second flange 412; the filter gasket 440 is disposed between the first type hydrogen storage component 210 and the plug 411;

[0102] A hydrogen filling and discharging port 104 is provided at the front end of the tank body 100; an air guide pipe 120 is provided in the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and the air guide port of the air guide pipe 120 is connected to the hydrogen filling and discharging port 104; the air guide pipe 120 is a T-shaped air guide pipe, which includes a pipe body 121, an air guide disk 122 and a filter membrane; the pipe body 121 is arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body 100 and is coaxial with the tank body 100; the pipe body 121 is provided with air guide holes respectively connected to each hydrogen storage cavity; the air guide disk 122 is arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity 102, and is located at the rear side of the first type of hydrogen storage component 210, and is connected to the pipe body 121; the air guide disk 122 is provided with air guide holes connected to the first hydrogen storage cavity 102; the filter membrane is covered on the surface of the pipe body 121 and the air guide disk 122;

[0103] The tank bodies 100 of the two hydrogen storage tanks in the hydrogen storage tank group are connected together through a connecting frame 500 , and the hydrogen filling and discharging ports 104 of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected through a connecting channel 610 arranged along the contour of the tank body 100 .

[0104] The tank body 100 is made of 5 series or 6 series aluminum alloy and is integrally formed by arc additive manufacturing. It has a wall thickness of 5 mm, an outer diameter of 114 mm, and a length of about 425 mm. The hydrogen filling and discharging port 104 is processed into a 1 / 4NPT threaded hole.

[0105] The end cap 410 is made of 5 series or 6 series aluminum alloy and is integrally formed by arc additive manufacturing. The height is about 20 mm. The cover plug 411 is about 10 mm high and has a 1 / 4 NPT threaded hole in the middle.

[0106] The sealing ring 420 is an O-ring made of modified EPDM rubber with a compression amount of 25%.

[0107] The metal gasket 430 is a metal spiral wound gasket with a compression amount of 10%.

[0108] The partition module is made of sponge composite material as the base material. The initial size accounts for 35% of the tank volume. After installation, the initial compression is 10%. Figure 2 The middle partition module is in a compressed shape.

[0109] The inner hole diameter of the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipeline body 121 .

[0110] The outer diameter of the first annular hydrogen storage layer is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank body 100 , and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member 211 .

[0111] The inner hole diameter of the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipeline body 121 .

[0112] The outer diameter of the second annular hydrogen storage layer is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank body 100 , and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member 221 .

[0113] The manufacturing steps of the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system without pre-buried pipes are as follows:

[0114] 1. Establish the solid geometry model of the part, slice and plan the path of the part geometry model;

[0115] 2. Import the slicing and path planning data into the work platform control system and set the parameters that need to be controlled, such as printing speed, path, etc.;

[0116] 3. Additive manufacturing is performed on the tank body 100 of the hydrogen storage tank group;

[0117] 4. Installation of spare parts and components. The reference installation sequence is as follows: first, place the auxiliary positioning rod 700 in the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and then sequentially load the first partition component 310, the second type of hydrogen storage component 220, the third partition component 330, the second type of hydrogen storage component 220, the third partition component 330, the first type of hydrogen storage component 210 and the air guide tube 120 into the inner cavity of the tank body 100 from the filling port 101, and then pull out the auxiliary positioning rod 700; then, install the second partition component 320 and the filter gasket 440, and then install the sealing ring 420 into the groove of the cover plug 411, install the metal gasket 430 between the first flange 110 and the second flange 412, and push the end cover 410 to the corresponding position with the help of a lubricating solvent; finally, connect the first flange 110 and the second flange 412 together through the connecting member 450.

[0118] In step 4, the filling process of the second type hydrogen storage component 220 is: combining Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a semicircular hydrogen storage block 222 is first loaded into the second hydrogen storage chamber 103, and then the second cylindrical hydrogen storage component 221 is loaded into the second hydrogen storage chamber 103 along the auxiliary positioning rod 700, and finally the remaining semicircular hydrogen storage blocks 222 are sequentially loaded into the second hydrogen storage chamber 103 to form a second type of hydrogen storage component 220.

[0119] In step 4, the filling process of the first type of hydrogen storage component 210 is: combining Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, first, an arc-shaped hydrogen storage block 212 with a central angle of 180° is loaded into the first hydrogen storage chamber 102, and then the first cylindrical hydrogen storage component 211 is loaded into the first hydrogen storage chamber 102 along the auxiliary positioning rod 700, and finally the remaining arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks 212 are loaded into the first hydrogen storage chamber 102 in sequence to form a first type of hydrogen storage component 210.

[0120] Example 2

[0121] Combination Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the pre-buried tube type vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system includes a hydrogen storage tank group, wherein the hydrogen storage tank group replaces the connecting channel 610 by an external pre-buried tube 620 to connect the hydrogen filling and discharging ports 104 of the two hydrogen storage tanks to each other, and the rest of the structure is the same as the hydrogen storage tank group structure of the vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system without pre-buried tubes provided in Example 1.

[0122] The manufacturing steps of the above-mentioned pre-buried tube-type vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system are as follows:

[0123] 1. Establish the solid geometry model of the part, slice and plan the path of the part geometry model;

[0124] 2. Import the slicing and path planning data into the work platform control system and set the parameters that need to be controlled, such as printing speed, path, etc.;

[0125] 3. Additive manufacturing is performed on the tank body 100 of the hydrogen storage tank group. When the tank body 100 is printed to the position of the embedded pipe 620, the printing is suspended, and the embedded pipe 620 is fixedly installed by the robotic arm; the matching tolerance should be guaranteed to ensure the smooth installation of the embedded pipe 620, and the rotating axis of the printing system is adjusted to coincide with the axis of one of the tank bodies 100, and the printing of the tank body 100 on this side is completed, and then the printing of the tank body 100 on the other side is completed in the same way;

[0126] 4. Installation of spare parts and components. The reference installation sequence is as follows: first, place the auxiliary positioning rod 700 in the inner cavity of the tank body 100, and then sequentially load the first partition component 310, the second type of hydrogen storage component 220, the third partition component 330, the second type of hydrogen storage component 220, the third partition component 330, the first type of hydrogen storage component 210 and the air guide tube 120 into the inner cavity of the tank body 100 from the filling port 101, and then pull out the auxiliary positioning rod 700; then, install the second partition component 320 and the filter gasket 440, and then install the sealing ring 420 into the groove of the cover plug 411, install the metal gasket 430 between the first flange 110 and the second flange 412, and push the end cover 410 to the corresponding position with the help of a lubricating solvent; finally, connect the first flange 110 and the second flange 412 together through the connecting member 450.

[0127] The present invention is described in detail in detail and is not intended to be limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terms used herein are selected to best explain the principles, practical applications, or technological advances of the embodiments, or to enable other persons skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein, compared to the technology found on the market.

[0128] In this article, various embodiments of the present invention may be presented in the form of a range. It should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be interpreted as a hard limit to the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the description of the range should be considered to specifically disclose all possible sub-ranges and individual values ​​within the range. For example, the description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to specifically disclose sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., and each value within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, which has nothing to do with the width of the range.

[0129] It should be understood that, for the sake of clarity, certain features of the present invention described in the context of separate embodiments may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, for the sake of brevity, various features of the present invention described in the context of a single embodiment may also be provided individually or in any suitable sub-combination, or in any other described embodiment of the present invention where appropriate. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments are not considered essential features of those embodiments unless the embodiments do not work without those features.

[0130] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, to the extent that each individual publication, patent, or patent application is specifically and individually indicated as being incorporated herein by reference. In addition, the citation or identification of any reference herein should not be construed as an admission that such reference can serve as prior art for the present utility model. Insofar as section headings are used, section headings should not be construed as necessary limitations.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage tank, comprising a tank body (100), a partition module and a hydrogen storage module; The rear end of the tank body (100) is provided with a filling port (101) which is in communication with the inner cavity thereof; The separation module and the hydrogen storage module are both arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body (100); The hydrogen storage module is made of solid hydrogen storage material; Features: The partition module divides the inner cavity of the tank body (100) into at least two hydrogen storage cavities, and the hydrogen storage cavities are spaced apart along the axial direction of the tank body (100), wherein the hydrogen storage cavity closest to the filling port (101) is the first hydrogen storage cavity (102), and the remaining hydrogen storage cavities are the second hydrogen storage cavities (103); The hydrogen storage module comprises a first type of hydrogen storage component (210) arranged in a first hydrogen storage chamber (102), and a second type of hydrogen storage component (220) arranged in a second hydrogen storage chamber (103); The first type of hydrogen storage component (210) comprises a first cylindrical hydrogen storage member (211) arranged in the first hydrogen storage cavity (102) along the axial direction of the tank body (100), a first cylindrical cavity is formed between the outer wall of the first cylindrical hydrogen storage member (211) and the cavity wall of the first hydrogen storage cavity (102), the first cylindrical cavity is filled with at least two first annular hydrogen storage layers stacked along the axial direction of the tank body (100), the first annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of three arc-shaped hydrogen storage blocks (212) spliced ​​together, and the central angle of the arc-shaped hydrogen storage block (212) is less than or equal to 180°; The second type of hydrogen storage component (220) comprises a second cylindrical hydrogen storage member (221) arranged in the second hydrogen storage chamber (103) along the axial direction of the tank body (100), a second cylindrical cavity is formed between the outer wall of the second cylindrical hydrogen storage member (221) and the cavity wall of the second hydrogen storage chamber (103), the second cylindrical cavity is filled with at least two second annular hydrogen storage layers stacked along the axial direction of the tank body (100), and the second annular hydrogen storage layer is composed of two semicircular ring-shaped hydrogen storage blocks (222) spliced ​​together.

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition module comprises a first partition component (310), a second partition component (320) and a third partition component (330); The first partition component (310) is arranged at the front end of the inner cavity of the tank body (100) and is configured to fill the spherical cap cavity at the front end of the inner cavity of the tank body (100); The second partition component (320) is arranged at the rear end of the inner cavity of the tank body (100) and is configured to fill the spherical cap cavity at the rear end of the inner cavity of the tank body (100); The third partition component (330) is arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body (100) and is located between the first partition component (310) and the second partition component (320), and is configured to divide the inner cavity of the tank body (100) into at least two hydrogen storage chambers.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first partition member (310), the second partition member (320) and the third partition member (330) are all made of partition material; The separation material comprises a separation substrate made of a porous elastic material and a heat-conducting layer arranged on the surface of the separation substrate.

4. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes a head assembly (400); The sealing head assembly (400) is arranged at the filling port (101) and is used to seal the filling port (101).

5. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing head assembly (400) comprises an end cover (410) and a sealing ring (420); The end cover (410) is disposed at the filling port (101) and has a cover plug (411) extending into the filling port (101); The sealing ring (420) is arranged between the outer wall surface of the cover plug (411) and the inner wall surface of the filling port (101).

6. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing head assembly (400) further includes a metal gasket (430) and a filter gasket (440); The loading port (101) is provided with a first flange (110); The end cover (410) is provided with a second flange (412), and the second flange (412) is connected to the first flange (110) via a connecting piece (450); The metal gasket (430) is arranged between the first flange (110) and the second flange (412); The filter gasket (440) is disposed between the first type hydrogen storage component (210) and the cover plug (411).

7. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tank body (100) and / or the end cover (410) are provided with a hydrogen filling and discharging port (104); An air guide pipe (120) which is in communication with each hydrogen storage chamber is arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body (100), and an air guide port of the air guide pipe (120) is in communication with the hydrogen filling and discharging port (104).

8. The solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydrogen filling and discharging port (104) is provided at the front end of the tank body (100); The air guide pipe (120) is a T-shaped air guide pipe, which comprises a pipe body (121), an air guide plate (122) and a filter membrane; The pipeline body (121) is arranged in the inner cavity of the tank body (100) and is coaxial with the tank body (100); the pipeline body (121) is provided with air guide holes respectively connected to each hydrogen storage cavity; The gas guide plate (122) is arranged in the first hydrogen storage chamber (102), is located at the rear side of the first type of hydrogen storage component (210), and is connected to the pipeline body (121); the gas guide plate (122) is provided with a gas guide hole connected to the first hydrogen storage chamber (102); The filter membrane is coated on the surface of the pipeline body (121) and the air guide plate (122); The first cylindrical hydrogen storage component (211) and the second cylindrical hydrogen storage component (221) are both sleeved on the pipeline body (121); The tank body (100), the end cover (410) and the air guide tube (120) are all made of 5-series or 6-series aluminum alloy, and are all manufactured by a metal additive manufacturing process.

9. A vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system, comprising at least one hydrogen storage tank group, wherein the hydrogen storage tank group comprises two hydrogen storage tanks whose hydrogen filling and discharging ports (104) are connected to each other; characterized in that: The hydrogen storage tank is the solid-state hydrogen storage tank according to claim 7 or 8.

10. The vehicle-mounted solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the hydrogen storage tank group: The tank bodies (100) of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected together via a connecting frame (500); The hydrogen filling and discharging ports (104) of the two hydrogen storage tanks are connected to each other through a connecting channel (610) arranged along the contour of the tank body (100), or through an externally connected pre-buried pipe (620).

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