Overlying strata supporting structure of shallow coal seam goaf

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine auxiliary tools, and discloses a shallow coal seam goaf overlying strata supporting structure which comprises a stand column and an adjusting column, an adjusting groove is vertically formed in the stand column, and an adjusting block is fixedly installed at the end, arranged on the outer side of the adjusting groove, of the adjusting column. Through the pressure sensor on the inner wall of the top end of the clamping groove, the extrusion force of the adjusting block on the supporting plate can be detected, so that the supporting force of the supporting plate on overlying strata is detected, and when the supporting force of the supporting plate on the overlying strata is lower than a threshold value of the pressure sensor, the controller can control the buzzer to work to give an alarm; a worker can rotate a small bevel gear through a hand wheel, and a large bevel gear can drive a threaded rod to rotate, so that an adjusting column and a supporting plate are driven to move upwards, the supporting force of the supporting plate to overlying strata is further adjusted, and the situation that the supporting effect of the supporting plate to the overlying strata is affected due to surface weathering and loosening of the overlying strata is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine auxiliary tools, in particular to a covering rock support structure for a goaf area of ​​a shallow buried coal seam. Background Art

[0002] Shallow coal seams mainly refer to coal seams that are located at a shallow position below the soil. After the mining of this type of coal seam is completed, the overburden rock in the goaf is relatively weak and is prone to collapse under the influence of groundwater circulation. In order not to affect the mining in adjacent areas, support structures are often installed in the goaf to assist in supporting the overburden rock.

[0003] After searching, the publication number is CN219366082U, which discloses a covering rock support structure for a shallow coal seam goaf area. The support plate is abutted against the top surface of the goaf, and the pointed tube is inserted into the covering rock. Under the circulation of groundwater, it enters the pointed tube through the through groove, and the expansion water stop column begins to expand when it encounters water. Under the expansion action of the expansion water stop column, the arc plate is squeezed outward, and the pointed column is inserted into the soil, which plays a role in compacting the soil, thereby making the soil more compact.

[0004] In the process of realizing the utility model, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art that have not been solved: in the above-mentioned cases, the supporting effect on the overburden is improved by inserting a pointed tube and a pointed column into the overburden, but the pointed tube and the pointed column are easy to damage the overburden and accelerate the weathering and loosening of the surface layer of the overburden. When the surface layer of the overburden is weathered and loosened and falls off, the support plate cannot effectively support the overburden, and the staff cannot intuitively detect the supporting strength of the support plate on the overburden, so the safety factor is limited.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a covering rock support structure for the goaf area of ​​shallow coal seams, which can solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a covering rock support structure for a goaf area of ​​a shallow coal seam, which solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a supporting structure for overburden rock in a goaf area of ​​a shallow coal seam, comprising a column and an adjusting column, an adjusting groove being vertically opened inside the column, an adjusting block being fixedly installed at one end of the adjusting column placed outside the adjusting groove, and a supporting plate being horizontally arranged above the adjusting block; a detecting mechanism: used for detecting the squeezing force of the overburden rock on the supporting plate, the detecting mechanism comprising a pressure sensor, a slot being opened in the middle of the bottom side of the supporting plate, the pressure sensor being fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the slot, the top of the adjusting block being clamped in the inside of the slot, and the pressure sensor being in contact with the middle of the upper surface of the adjusting block; an adjusting mechanism: used for adjusting the supporting force of the supporting plate on the overburden rock, the adjusting mechanism comprising a threaded rod, a threaded groove being vertically opened in the middle of the bottom side of the adjusting column, and the upper end of the threaded rod being threadedly connected to the threaded groove.

[0008] As an optional solution of the technical solution of the present application, a buzzer, a controller and a battery are fixedly connected to the upper end of one side of the column, the data output end of the pressure sensor is connected to the data input end of the controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected to the signal input end of the buzzer.

[0009] As an optional solution to the technical solution of the present application, a large bevel gear is passed through and fixedly installed on the lower end of the threaded rod, and a handwheel is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of one side of the adjustment groove through a bearing, and a small bevel gear is fixedly installed on one end of the handwheel placed inside the adjustment groove.

[0010] As an optional solution of the technical solution of the present application, the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear, and the sizes of the small bevel gear and the large bevel gear match.

[0011] As an optional solution of the technical solution of the present application, the bottom end of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the adjustment groove through a bearing, the bottom end of the adjustment column is slidably connected to the adjustment groove, and the size of the adjustment groove matches that of the adjustment column.

[0012] As an optional solution of the technical solution of the present application, a base plate is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom end of the column, and fixing holes are penetrated through the four corners of the upper surface of the base plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: through the pressure sensor on the inner wall of the top of the slot, the squeezing force of the adjusting block on the support plate can be detected, thereby detecting the supporting force of the support plate on the overburden; when the supporting force of the support plate on the overburden is lower than the threshold of the pressure sensor, the controller can control the buzzer to alarm, and the staff can rotate the small bevel gear through the hand wheel, which can drive the threaded rod to rotate through the large bevel gear, thereby driving the adjusting column and the support plate to move upward, further adjusting the supporting force of the support plate on the overburden, avoiding weathering and loosening of the surface of the overburden, and affecting the supporting effect of the support plate on the overburden. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of a cover rock support structure for a goaf area of ​​a shallow coal seam according to the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the connection between the adjustment block and the support plate of the overburden rock support structure of the goaf area of ​​a shallow coal seam.

[0017] In the figure: 1. column; 11. adjustment slot; 12. adjustment column; 13. adjustment block; 14. support plate; 15. slot; 16. pressure sensor; 17. buzzer; 18. controller; 19. battery; 2. threaded rod; 21. threaded groove; 22. large bevel gear; 23. hand wheel; 24. small bevel gear; 25. bottom plate; 26. fixing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The utility model provides a technical solution: a supporting structure for overburden rock in a goaf of a shallow coal seam, comprising a column 1 and an adjusting column 12, wherein an adjusting slot 11 is vertically provided inside the column 1, an adjusting block 13 is fixedly installed at one end of the adjusting column 12 disposed outside the adjusting slot 11, and a supporting plate 14 is horizontally provided above the adjusting block 13; a detecting mechanism: used for detecting the squeezing force of the overburden rock on the supporting plate 14, the detecting mechanism comprising a pressure sensor 16, a card slot 15 is provided in the middle of the bottom side of the supporting plate 14, the pressure sensor 16 is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the card slot 15, the top of the adjusting block 13 is carded inside the card slot 15, and the pressure sensor 16 abuts against the middle of the upper surface of the adjusting block 13.

[0019] In this technical solution, the top of the adjusting block 13 is clamped in the slot 15, and the pressure sensor 16 on the inner wall of the top of the slot 15 contacts the upper surface of the adjusting block 13. The pressure sensor 16 can detect the squeezing force of the adjusting block 13 on the support plate 14, thereby detecting the supporting force of the support plate 14 on the overlying rock.

[0020] In this embodiment, a buzzer 17, a controller 18 and a battery 19 are fixedly connected to the upper end of one side of the column 1, the data output end of the pressure sensor 16 is connected to the data input end of the controller 18, and the signal output end of the controller 18 is connected to the signal input end of the buzzer 17.

[0021] In this technical solution, when the supporting force of the support plate 14 on the overburden is lower than the threshold value of the pressure sensor 16, the pressure sensor 16 can transmit data to the controller 18, and the controller 18 can further activate the buzzer 17 to alarm, reminding the staff to adjust the supporting force of the support plate 14 on the overburden in time to avoid weathering and loosening of the surface layer of the overburden, which will affect the supporting effect of the support plate 14 on the overburden.

[0022] In this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the supporting strength of the supporting plate 14 on the overlying rock. The adjusting mechanism includes a threaded rod 2, the bottom end of the threaded rod 2 is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the adjusting groove 11 through a bearing, a threaded groove 21 is vertically opened in the middle of the bottom side of the adjusting column 12, the upper end of the threaded rod 2 is threadedly connected to the threaded groove 21, the bottom end of the adjusting column 12 is slidably connected to the adjusting groove 11, and the size of the adjusting groove 11 matches that of the adjusting column 12, the lower end of the threaded rod 2 passes through and is fixedly installed with a large bevel gear 22, the bottom end of the inner wall of one side of the adjusting groove 11 is rotatably connected with a handwheel 23 through a bearing, and a small bevel gear 24 is fixedly installed at one end of the handwheel 23 placed inside the adjusting groove 11, and the small bevel gear 24 is meshed with the large bevel gear 22, and a bottom plate 25 is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom end of the column 1, and fixing holes 26 are opened at the four corners on the upper surface of the bottom plate 25.

[0023] In this technical solution, the staff can drive the small bevel gear 24 to rotate through the hand wheel 23. Since the small bevel gear 24 is meshed with the large bevel gear 22, the staff can easily rotate the large bevel gear 22, thereby driving the threaded rod 2 to rotate in the adjustment groove 11. The upper end of the threaded rod 2 is threadedly connected to the threaded groove 21 in the middle of the adjustment column 12. During the rotation of the threaded rod 2, the adjustment column 12 can be driven to move up and down, and the support plate 14 can be further driven to adjust the use position, which is convenient and quick.

[0024] When a shallow buried coal seam goaf overburden support structure is used, the column 1 is fixed vertically in a specified position by bolts penetrating the fixing holes 26 on the upper surface of the bottom plate 25. The staff can drive the small bevel gear 24 to rotate through the hand wheel 23. Since the small bevel gear 24 is meshed with the large bevel gear 22, the staff can easily rotate the large bevel gear 22, thereby driving the threaded rod 2 to rotate in the adjustment groove 11. The upper end of the threaded rod 2 is threadedly connected with the threaded groove 21 in the middle of the adjustment column 12. During the rotation of the threaded rod 2, the adjustment column 12 can be driven to move upward, and the support plate 14 can be further driven to support the bottom side of the overburden. Through the top of the adjustment block 13 The pressure sensor 16 which is clamped in the card slot 15 and on the inner wall of the top of the card slot 15 contacts the upper surface of the adjusting block 13. The pressure sensor 16 can detect the squeezing force of the adjusting block 13 on the support plate 14, thereby detecting the supporting force of the support plate 14 on the overlying rock. When the supporting force of the support plate 14 on the overlying rock is lower than the threshold value of the pressure sensor 16, the pressure sensor 16 can transmit the data to the controller 18. The controller 18 can further control the buzzer 17 to work and alarm, so as to remind the staff to adjust the supporting force of the support plate 14 on the overlying rock in time, so as to avoid weathering and loosening of the surface layer of the overlying rock, which will affect the supporting effect of the support plate 14 on the overlying rock, and the safety factor is high.

Claims

1. A shallow coal seam goaf overburden support structure, comprising a column (1) and an adjustment column (12), characterized in that: An adjustment slot (11) is vertically provided inside the column (1), an adjustment block (13) is fixedly installed on one end of the adjustment column (12) located outside the adjustment slot (11), and a support plate (14) is horizontally provided above the adjustment block (13); A detection mechanism: used for detecting the squeezing force of the overburden on the support plate (14), the detection mechanism comprising a pressure sensor (16), a slot (15) is provided in the middle of the bottom side of the support plate (14), the pressure sensor (16) is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the slot (15), the top of the adjustment block (13) is clamped in the inside of the slot (15), and the pressure sensor (16) contacts the middle of the upper surface of the adjustment block (13); An adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the support strength of the support plate (14) on the overburden, the adjustment mechanism comprising a threaded rod (2), a threaded groove (21) is vertically opened in the middle of the bottom side of the adjustment column (12), and the upper end of the threaded rod (2) is threadedly connected to the threaded groove (21).

2. The overburden support structure for a shallow coal seam goaf according to claim 1 is characterized by: A buzzer (17), a controller (18) and a storage battery (19) are fixedly connected to the upper end of one side of the column (1); a data output end of the pressure sensor (16) is connected to a data input end of the controller (18); and a signal output end of the controller (18) is connected to a signal input end of the buzzer (17).

3. The overburden support structure for shallow coal seam goaf according to claim 1 is characterized by: A large bevel gear (22) is passed through and fixedly mounted on the lower end of the threaded rod (2); a hand wheel (23) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of one side of the adjustment groove (11) via a bearing; and a small bevel gear (24) is fixedly mounted on one end of the hand wheel (23) placed inside the adjustment groove (11).

4. The overburden support structure for shallow coal seam goaf according to claim 3 is characterized by: The small bevel gear (24) is meshed with the large bevel gear (22), and the sizes of the small bevel gear (24) and the large bevel gear (22) match.

5. The overburden support structure for shallow coal seam goaf according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bottom end of the threaded rod (2) is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the adjustment groove (11) via a bearing, and the bottom end of the adjustment column (12) is slidably connected to the adjustment groove (11). The sizes of the adjustment groove (11) and the adjustment column (12) match each other.

6. The overburden support structure for shallow coal seam goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom plate (25) is horizontally fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the column (1), and fixing holes (26) are provided through the four corners of the upper surface of the bottom plate (25).

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