Force-thermochromic window

Abstract

The utility model provides a force-thermochromic window, and relates to the field of windows. Comprising a window body, an intelligent stretching mechanism and a temperature sensor, the window body comprises a solar radiation regulation and control layer and a thermal radiation regulation and control layer, one side of the solar radiation regulation and control layer is coated with the thermal radiation regulation and control layer, the solar radiation regulation and control layer is made of a transparent elastic material, and the thermal radiation regulation and control layer is made of a transparent material; the two intelligent stretching mechanisms are arranged on the two opposite sides of the solar radiation regulation and control layer correspondingly and connected with the solar radiation regulation and control layer correspondingly. The temperature sensor is arranged on the intelligent stretching mechanism and electrically connected with the intelligent stretching mechanism. Sunlight radiation and heat radiation can be synchronously regulated and controlled, excellent climate adaptability is achieved, total energy use can be reduced, and meanwhile the photo-thermal characteristic can be adjusted to improve the indoor environment quality level so as to meet the requirement for personnel comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of windows, and in particular to a mechanochromic-thermochromic window. Background Art

[0002] About half of a building's energy is used for space heating and cooling. Due to poor insulation, windows are considered the least energy-efficient building element.

[0003] Existing energy-saving doors and windows generally use double-layer glass structures. When the requirements for doors and windows are higher, low-emissivity coatings and / or three-layer reinforced structures can be added to the doors and windows. However, in the summer when the sun is abundant and air conditioning is used indoors for cooling, curtains are needed to block light in order to reduce the amount of light energy entering the room and reduce cooling energy consumption.

[0004] In response to the above problems, some smart energy-saving windows have appeared on the market, such as thermochromic smart windows and electrochromic windows, but they only have a single control function. For example, thermochromic smart windows can only adjust the in and out of solar radiation, but cannot adjust the in and out of far-infrared thermal radiation. Compared with solar energy, although the energy density of thermal radiation is weaker, it can transmit heat 24 hours a day, and its impact on indoor energy saving is even greater than that of solar energy.

[0005] Therefore, it is particularly important to study a mechanochromic-thermochromic window that can synchronously regulate solar radiation and thermal radiation. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a thermochromic window that can synchronously regulate solar radiation and thermal radiation, maintain a lower room temperature in summer and obtain a higher room temperature in winter, has very excellent climate adaptability, can reduce total energy use, and can adjust its photothermal characteristics to improve the quality level of the indoor environment to meet the comfort of personnel.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] A mechanochromic-thermochromic window, comprising a window body, an intelligent stretching mechanism and a temperature sensor, wherein the window body comprises a solar radiation regulating layer and a thermal radiation regulating layer, wherein the thermal radiation regulating layer is coated on one side of the solar radiation regulating layer, wherein the solar radiation regulating layer is a transparent elastic material, and the thermal radiation regulating layer is a transparent material;

[0009] The intelligent stretching mechanism is provided with two groups, and the two groups of the intelligent stretching mechanism are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the solar radiation regulation layer and are respectively connected to the solar radiation regulation layer, and the intelligent stretching mechanism is used to stretch or release the solar radiation regulation layer;

[0010] The temperature sensor is disposed on the intelligent stretching mechanism and is electrically connected to the intelligent stretching mechanism. The temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature and transmit the detection signal to the intelligent stretching mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, in the utility model, the intelligent stretching mechanism includes a frame and a stretching assembly, the length of the frame is greater than the side length of the corresponding solar radiation regulation layer, and the width of the frame is greater than the total thickness of the solar radiation regulation layer and the thermal radiation regulation layer; the stretching assembly is arranged in the frame, and the stretching assembly includes a controller, a rotating shaft and a driving motor, the rotating shaft is arranged along the length direction of the frame, the controller and the driving motor are arranged at one end of the frame, the controller is electrically connected to the driving motor, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the driving motor through the coupling, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the other end of the frame; a strip hole for the solar radiation regulation layer to pass through is opened on one side of the frame, and the solar radiation regulation layer passes through the strip hole and is bonded to the rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, in the utility model, an inspection window is provided on one side of the frame, and a cover plate is hingedly connected to the inspection window, wherein the length of the inspection window is greater than the side length of the corresponding solar radiation regulation layer.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, the material of the solar radiation regulating layer is a transparent silicone elastomer in which vanadium dioxide particles are evenly dispersed.

[0014] Furthermore, in the utility model, the material of the solar radiation regulating layer is a transparent silicone elastomer in which tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide particles are uniformly dispersed.

[0015] Furthermore, in the present invention, the thickness of the solar radiation regulating layer is 0.5 mm-2.5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, in the present invention, the material of the thermal radiation regulating layer is a two-dimensional transition metal compound-polymer composite material.

[0017] Furthermore, in the present invention, the thickness of the thermal radiation regulating layer is 10nm-400nm.

[0018] Furthermore, in the present invention, the Young's modulus of the thermal radiation regulating layer is less than or equal to 10 GPa.

[0019] Furthermore, in the present invention, the tensile strain applied by the stretching mechanism is 1%-100%.

[0020] The utility model has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0021] The utility model sets the window body as a double-layer structure composed of a solar radiation regulating layer and a thermal radiation regulating layer, the thermal radiation regulating layer is coated on one side of the solar radiation regulating layer to form a thin film system, and when installed, the thermal radiation regulating layer is located on the outdoor side, that is, the side facing the sun, for reflecting or absorbing far-infrared thermal radiation; the solar radiation regulating layer is a transparent elastic material, so that the solar radiation regulating layer can be elastically stretched and retracted, and at the same time reflect or absorb solar radiation; and by arranging an intelligent stretching mechanism and a temperature sensor on both sides of the solar radiation regulating layer, the temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature, and the intelligent stretching mechanism is controlled to stretch or release the solar radiation regulating layer, so that the thermal radiation regulating layer coated on the solar radiation regulating layer forms a folded structure or the folded structure disappears, thereby increasing or reducing the reflection area, thereby improving the thermal radiation performance or inhibiting thermal radiation. The present application can synchronously regulate solar radiation and thermal radiation, can maintain a lower room temperature in summer, and obtain a higher room temperature in winter, has very excellent climate adaptability, can reduce total energy use, and can adjust its light and heat characteristics to improve the indoor environmental quality level to meet the comfort of personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a window body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A front view of the thermochromic window provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Icon: 1-window body, 11-solar radiation regulating layer, 12-thermal radiation regulating layer, 2-frame, 21-inspection window, 22-cover, 31-controller, 32-rotating shaft, 33-driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermochromic window in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] This embodiment provides a mechanochromic-thermochromic window, comprising a window body 1, an intelligent stretching mechanism and a temperature sensor, wherein the window body 1 comprises a solar radiation regulating layer 11 and a thermal radiation regulating layer 12, wherein the thermal radiation regulating layer 12 is coated on one side of the solar radiation regulating layer 11, wherein the solar radiation regulating layer 11 is a transparent elastic material, and the thermal radiation regulating layer 12 is a transparent material;

[0032] There are two groups of intelligent stretching mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the solar radiation regulation layer 11 and respectively connected to the solar radiation regulation layer 11, and the intelligent stretching mechanisms are used to stretch or release the solar radiation regulation layer 11;

[0033] The temperature sensor is arranged on the intelligent stretching mechanism and is electrically connected to the intelligent stretching mechanism. The temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature and transmit the detection signal to the intelligent stretching mechanism.

[0034] Next, the thermochromic window of this exemplary embodiment will be further described.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the window body 1 includes a solar radiation regulating layer 11 and a thermal radiation regulating layer 12 , and the thermal radiation regulating layer 12 is coated on one side of the solar radiation regulating layer 11 .

[0036] Among them, the solar radiation regulation layer 11 is a transparent elastic material with vanadium dioxide particles uniformly dispersed. It should be noted that vanadium dioxide is a metal oxide with phase change properties. The change in structure before and after the phase change leads to a reversible change from transmission to reflection of near-infrared light. When the temperature is high, the vanadium dioxide particles in the solar radiation regulation layer 11 are in a metallic state, showing visible light translucency and near-infrared opacity. Surface plasmonization can enhance near-infrared absorption, reduce solar radiation energy entering the room and radiate energy out, thereby saving air conditioning energy consumption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions; when the temperature is low, the vanadium dioxide particles in the solar radiation regulation layer 11 are transformed into an insulating state, showing visible translucency and near-infrared high transparency, and can obtain heat from the sun, that is, absorb near-infrared for heating, save lighting, and provide visibility. At the same time, by using a transparent elastic material as a substrate for the solar radiation regulation layer 11, it can have elastic stretching properties, so that it can achieve elastic deformation or recovery under the mechanical stretching or release of the intelligent stretching mechanism.

[0037] Specifically, the material of the solar radiation regulating layer 11 is a transparent silicone elastomer, and the thickness of the solar radiation regulating layer 11 is set to 0.5mm-2.5mm, so as to ensure that it has elastic and stretchable properties while the light transmittance is not too low.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the material of the solar radiation regulation layer 11 can also be a transparent silicone elastomer in which tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide particles are uniformly dispersed. It should be noted that tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide can change the phase transition temperature. Specifically, the phase transition temperature of pure phase VO2 is 68°C; the phase transition temperature of VO2 doped with 1% W is about 43°C; the phase transition temperature of VO2 doped with 1.5% W is about 30°C; the phase transition temperature of VO2 doped with 2% W is about 20°C. Therefore, by using tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide particles, the phase transition temperature is lower, which can be applied to normal temperature changes.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal radiation regulation layer 12 is a transparent two-dimensional transition metal compound-polymer composite material. Specifically, any one of a two-dimensional transition metal carbide, a two-dimensional transition metal nitride or a two-dimensional transition metal carbonitride can be used, which has the characteristic of low infrared radiation emissivity. It is coated on one side of the solar radiation regulation layer 11 by spraying or dripping to form a thin film structure. The coating thickness is 10nm-400nm, and the thickness is controlled at the nanometer level. At the same time, the Young's modulus of the thermal radiation regulation layer 12 is controlled to be less than or equal to 10GPa, so that the composite material can be transparent and can produce a wrinkled structure when stretched.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned intelligent stretching mechanism is provided with two groups, and the two groups of intelligent stretching mechanisms are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the solar radiation regulation layer 11 and are respectively connected to the solar radiation regulation layer 11, and the intelligent stretching mechanism is used to stretch or release the solar radiation regulation layer 11; that is, the opposite sides of the solar radiation regulation layer 11 are mechanically stretched or released simultaneously to make the stretching stress as uniform as possible, so that the thermal radiation regulation layer 12 produces a uniform pleated structure or quickly releases the pleated structure.

[0041] In the membrane / substrate system, the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the surface membrane and the substrate material are significantly different. When subjected to external stimulation (mechanical compression), compressive stress will be generated in the membrane / substrate system. This compressive stress exceeds the critical strain, which will cause the surface membrane to wrinkle to keep the system energy to a minimum. By generating a three-dimensional wrinkled structure, the mass per unit area of ​​the material, that is, the surface density, is increased. The surface of the three-dimensional wrinkled structure with a high surface density and a constantly undulating unit area has a higher light absorption, which can improve thermal radiation.

[0042] When the external stimulus (mechanical compression) disappears, the compressive stress generated in the film / substrate system disappears, and the wrinkles of the surface film disappear. When the mechanical force is released, the surface of the wrinkles can become flat, the area of ​​the infrared reflection active area becomes larger, the reflectivity increases, and the light absorption decreases, thereby suppressing far-infrared thermal radiation. Therefore, the intelligent stretching mechanism set in this application can instantly and reversibly regulate the thermal radiation characteristics by mechanical means, giving the smart window the ability to regulate far-infrared thermal radiation.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned intelligent stretching mechanism includes a frame 2 and a stretching component. The frame 2 is used to install the stretching component and the window body 1. The length of the frame 2 is greater than the side length of the corresponding solar radiation regulation layer 11, and the width of the frame 2 is greater than the total thickness of the solar radiation regulation layer 11 and the thermal radiation regulation layer 12. On the one hand, one side of the window body 1 can be connected to the stretching component inside it and stretched and released. On the other hand, increasing the length and width of the frame 2 facilitates the installation of the smart window. The above-mentioned stretching component is arranged in the frame 2, and the stretching component includes a controller 31, a rotating shaft 32 and a driving motor 33. The rotating shaft 32 is arranged along the length direction of the frame 2, and the controller 31 and the driving motor 33 are arranged at one end of the frame 2. The controller 31 is electrically connected to the driving motor 33, that is, the opening and closing and the steering of the driving motor 33 are all controlled by the controller 31; one end of the above-mentioned rotating shaft 32 is connected to the driving motor 33 through a coupling, and the other end of the rotating shaft 32 is rotatably connected to the other end of the frame 2; a strip hole for the solar radiation regulation layer 11 to pass through is opened on one side of the frame 2, and the solar radiation regulation layer 11 passes through the strip hole and is bonded to the rotating shaft 32, that is, the rotating shaft 32 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 33, thereby driving the two sides of the solar radiation regulation layer 11 to be rolled up or unrolled, and then stretched or released.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, a maintenance window 21 is provided on one side of the frame 2, and a cover plate 22 is hingedly connected to the maintenance window 21, wherein the length of the maintenance window 21 is greater than the side length of the corresponding solar radiation regulation layer 11. The maintenance window 21 is arranged on the side of the frame 2 facing the interior, and the maintenance window 21 facilitates the maintenance of the internal tensile components and facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the window body 1. By hingedly connecting a cover plate 22 that can be turned up and down to the maintenance window 21, the maintenance window 21 can be shielded, which plays a protective role while improving the aesthetics.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, the temperature sensor is provided in the intelligent stretching mechanism and is electrically connected to the intelligent stretching mechanism. The temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature and transmit the detection signal to the intelligent stretching mechanism. Specifically, the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller 31, and the detection signal is sent to the controller 31. The driving motor 33 is controlled by the controller 31. Through the above structural design, the stretching and releasing of the window body 1 are made intelligent, thereby realizing intelligent control of the indoor temperature.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, when the temperature is high, the window body 1 is stretched mechanically through the intelligent stretching mechanism, and the thermal radiation regulation layer 12 produces a wrinkled structure, thereby improving the thermal radiation performance. At the same time, the tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide particles in the solar radiation regulation layer 11 are in a metallic state, appearing semi-transparent in visible light and opaque in near-infrared. Surface plasmons enhance near-infrared absorption, reduce solar radiation energy entering the room and radiate the energy out, thereby saving air-conditioning energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions; when the temperature is low, by releasing the window body 1, the wrinkled structure of the thermal radiation regulation layer 12 disappears, suppressing far-infrared thermal radiation. At the same time, the tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide particles in the solar radiation regulation layer 11 are transformed into an insulating state, appearing semi-transparent in visible light and highly transparent in near-infrared, and can obtain heat from the sun, that is, absorbing near-infrared for heating, saving lighting and providing visibility. Compared with single radiation adjustment windows, smart windows with the ability to simultaneously regulate solar radiation and far-infrared thermal radiation have higher energy-saving efficiency and excellent climate adaptability. They can regulate temperature and save energy from high-latitude cold areas to tropical desert areas. At the same time, they can adjust their light and heat characteristics to improve the quality of the indoor environment to meet the comfort of personnel, allowing the windows to both "inhale heat" and "exhale heat", achieving true warmth in winter and coolness in summer.

[0047] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermochromic window, characterized in that: It comprises a window body, an intelligent stretching mechanism and a temperature sensor, wherein the window body comprises a solar radiation regulating layer and a thermal radiation regulating layer, wherein the thermal radiation regulating layer is coated on one side of the solar radiation regulating layer, wherein the solar radiation regulating layer is a transparent elastic material, and the thermal radiation regulating layer is a transparent material; The intelligent stretching mechanism is provided with two groups, and the two groups of the intelligent stretching mechanism are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the solar radiation regulation layer and respectively connected to the solar radiation regulation layer, and the intelligent stretching mechanism is used to stretch or release the solar radiation regulation layer; The temperature sensor is disposed on the intelligent stretching mechanism and is electrically connected to the intelligent stretching mechanism. The temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature and transmit the detection signal to the intelligent stretching mechanism.

2. The thermochromic window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent stretching mechanism includes a frame and a stretching component, the length of the frame is greater than the side length of the corresponding solar radiation regulation layer, and the width of the frame is greater than the total thickness of the solar radiation regulation layer and the thermal radiation regulation layer; the stretching component is arranged in the frame, and the stretching component includes a controller, a rotating shaft and a driving motor, the rotating shaft is arranged along the length direction of the frame, the controller and the driving motor are arranged at one end of the frame, the controller is electrically connected to the driving motor, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the driving motor through a coupling, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the other end of the frame; a strip hole for the solar radiation regulation layer to pass through is opened on one side of the frame, and the solar radiation regulation layer passes through the strip hole and is bonded to the rotating shaft.

3. The thermochromic window according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inspection window is provided on one side of the frame, and a cover plate is hingedly connected to the inspection window, wherein the length of the inspection window is greater than the side length of the corresponding solar radiation regulation layer.

4. The thermochromic window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the solar radiation regulation layer is a transparent silicone elastomer in which vanadium dioxide particles are evenly dispersed.

5. The thermochromic window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the solar radiation regulation layer is a transparent silicone elastomer in which tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide particles are evenly dispersed.

6. The thermochromic window according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the solar radiation regulating layer is 0.5 mm-2.5 mm.

7. The thermochromic window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the thermal radiation regulating layer is a two-dimensional transition metal compound-polymer composite material.

8. The thermochromic window according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the thermal radiation regulating layer is 10nm-400nm.

9. The thermochromic window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Young's modulus of the thermal radiation regulating layer is less than or equal to 10 GPa.

10. The thermochromic window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensile strain applied by the stretching mechanism is 1%-100%.

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