Visual experiment system for migration behavior of bubbles in static liquid

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lead-cooled fast reactors, and particularly discloses a visual experiment system for migration behaviors of bubbles in static liquid, which comprises an experiment container, a heating mechanism, a bubble release mechanism, a visual data acquisition mechanism and an environmental parameter detection mechanism, the experiment container is used for storing an experiment medium; the heating mechanism is used for heating the experiment container; the bubble release mechanism is configured to be used for injecting bubbles into the experiment container; the visual data acquisition mechanism is configured to be used for acquiring a dynamic change behavior in a bubble migration process and a multiphase flow phenomenon related to the dynamic change behavior; the environmental parameter detection mechanism is configured to be used for detecting and recording time, room temperature, humidity and temperature of an experimental medium in an experimental process; according to the visual experiment system for the migration behavior of the bubbles in the static liquid, the problems that an existing bubble migration characteristic test system cannot perform a high-temperature medium working condition experiment and is difficult to visualize are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lead-cooled fast reactors, in particular to a visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid. Background Art

[0002] Lead-cooled fast reactors mostly adopt a pool structure, where steam generators, main pumps and other equipment are directly placed in the lead-bismuth molten pool with the core. This design eliminates the intermediate loop, simplifies the structure of the reactor, makes the core design more compact, and improves economic efficiency. Among them, the steam generator is the most core heat exchange equipment in the lead-cooled fast reactor system. There are a large number of thin-walled and small heat transfer tubes in the steam generator, and water and high-temperature lead and bismuth exchange heat through the heat transfer tubes. Due to the large temperature and pressure difference on both sides of the heat transfer tube, it is easy to generate large mechanical and thermal stresses. In addition, the vibration and corrosion of the fluids in the first and second circuits make the risk of steam generator heat transfer tube rupture (SGTR) accidents not to be ignored. When an SGTR accident occurs, the high-pressure water in the second circuit pipe will be sprayed into the low-pressure and high-temperature molten lead and bismuth in the main container of the first circuit. Flash evaporation occurs due to the sudden drop in pressure, generating a large number of steam bubbles. Some of these bubbles may float to the surface of the lead-bismuth molten pool, while others may migrate to the vicinity of the core along with the flow of molten lead-bismuth, causing fluctuations in reactivity. If the steam bubbles adhere to the surface of the fuel cladding, they will also deteriorate the core heat transfer and cause core damage, posing a great threat to reactor safety. Therefore, studying the migration characteristics of bubbles in liquids of different densities will help to clarify the interaction mechanism between bubbles and lead-bismuth when they move in molten lead-bismuth, which is of great significance for revealing the characteristics and occurrence mechanism of steam generator rupture accidents, and then proposing and formulating optimization schemes for the structural design of lead-cooled fast reactors, and SGTR accident hazard assessment and mitigation measures.

[0003] The current visualization test system is unable to perform visualization records of bubbles under high temperature conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a system that can assist researchers in studying visualization experiments on bubble migration behavior. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a visualization experimental system for the migration behavior of bubbles in static liquids, so as to solve the problems that the existing bubble migration characteristic experimental system cannot perform high temperature medium working condition experiments and is difficult to visualize.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A visualized experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid comprises an experimental container, a heating mechanism, a bubble releasing mechanism, a visualized data acquisition mechanism and an environmental parameter detection mechanism.

[0007] The experimental container is used to store the experimental medium.

[0008] The heating mechanism is used to heat the experimental container.

[0009] The bubble release mechanism is configured to inject bubbles into the experimental container.

[0010] The visualization data acquisition mechanism is configured to acquire dynamic change behaviors and multiphase flow phenomena related thereto during bubble migration.

[0011] The environmental parameter detection mechanism is configured to detect and record the time, room temperature, humidity and temperature of the experimental medium during the experiment.

[0012] In the experimental system for visualizing bubble migration behavior in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the experimental medium is one of water, glycerol, ethanol and fluorinated liquid.

[0013] In the visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the experimental medium includes a non-transparent medium layer and a visible medium layer.

[0014] In the experimental system for visualizing the migration behavior of bubbles in a static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-transparent medium layer is liquid lead bismuth; and the visible medium layer is glycerol.

[0015] The bubble migration behavior visualization experimental system in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure also includes: a control terminal.

[0016] The heating mechanism, bubble releasing mechanism, visual data collecting mechanism and environmental parameter detecting mechanism are all electrically connected to the control terminal.

[0017] The control terminal is configured to at least store the data obtained by the visual data acquisition mechanism and the environmental parameter detection mechanism.

[0018] In the visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the bubble release mechanism is connected to a bubble nozzle, and the bubble nozzle can control the initial cross-sectional area and rate of bubble release.

[0019] The bubble nozzle is inserted into the bottom of the experimental container.

[0020] In the visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the experimental container is a visualization experimental container.

[0021] In the visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the visualization data acquisition mechanism includes: a high-resolution high-speed camera, an LED high-brightness backlight, and a background diffusion plate.

[0022] The high-resolution high-speed camera is arranged right in front of the visualization experiment container.

[0023] The LED high-brightness backlight illuminating lamp is located behind the visualization experiment container, and the background light diffusion plate is located between the visualization experiment container and the LED high-brightness backlight illuminating lamp.

[0024] In the visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the bubble release mechanism includes: a precision gas injection pump, a silicone hose, a gas valve and a capillary steel tube.

[0025] One end of the silicone hose is configured to be connected to the exhaust port of the precision gas injection pump.

[0026] The air inlet end of the gas valve is configured to be connected to the other end of the silicone hose.

[0027] One end of the capillary steel tube is configured to be connected to the gas outlet end of the gas valve.

[0028] The capillary steel tube is at least partially inserted into the experimental container, and the other end of the capillary steel tube is configured to be connected to the bubble nozzle.

[0029] In the visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the heating mechanism includes: a heating rod, a thermocouple and a numerically controlled heating system.

[0030] The heating rod and the thermocouple are both electrically connected to the digital control heating system.

[0031] The heating rod and the thermocouple are both located in the experimental container.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0033] 1. Visual observation is possible, and it is applicable to transparent media including but not limited to water, glycerol, ethanol and fluoride liquid. For opaque media such as liquid lead bismuth, by injecting bubbles into the liquid lead bismuth and covering its surface with a layer of glycerol, the technical difficulty of direct visual observation due to the opacity of lead bismuth alloy can be cleverly overcome.

[0034] 2. There is less demand for oxygen control during liquid metal experiments. Covering the surface of liquid lead and bismuth with a layer of glycerol can effectively isolate the air and effectively reduce the demand for oxygen control in liquid lead experiments, which can cleverly overcome the technical difficulty of easy oxidation of liquid lead and bismuth.

[0035] 3. It is applicable to a wide range of research. It can not only be used to study the characteristics of bubble migration behavior in different types of transparent liquids under different geometric conditions, but also simulate the bubble movement and shape change after the bubble leaves the molten lead-bismuth, making the research results more comprehensive. It can more realistically simulate the process of bubble migration in molten lead-bismuth in the event of a lead-cooled fast reactor steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident.

[0036] 4. It has a high degree of automation and can heat and control the temperature of the liquid in the experimental container. The bubble release control and data acquisition can be carried out simultaneously, and the environmental parameters can be automatically recorded.

[0037] 5. It has strong scalability and can flexibly replace experimental liquids, release catheters, and visualization containers according to the experimental conditions. It can easily and quickly switch between experimental dimensions and various experimental conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in a static liquid according to the utility model.

[0040] Figure 2 The utility model discloses a bubble shape distribution phase diagram measured by a visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in a static liquid.

[0041] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of characteristic curves of bubbles in different liquids in a visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquids, in which the bubble velocity varies with the spatial position.

[0042] In the figure:

[0043] 10. Experimental container;

[0044] 20. Heating mechanism; 21. Heating rod; 22. Thermocouple; 23. CNC heating system;

[0045] 30. Bubble release mechanism; 31. Precision gas injection pump; 32. Silicone hose; 33. Gas valve; 34. Capillary steel tube; 35. Bubble nozzle;

[0046] 40. Visual data acquisition mechanism; 41. High-resolution high-speed camera; 42. LED high-brightness backlight; 43. Background diffuser;

[0047] 50. Control terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a visualization experiment system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid, including an experiment container 10, a heating mechanism 20, a bubble release mechanism 30, a visualization data acquisition mechanism 40, an environmental parameter detection mechanism (not shown), and a control terminal 50. The heating mechanism 20, the bubble release mechanism 30, the visualization data acquisition mechanism 40, and the environmental parameter detection mechanism are all electrically connected to the control terminal 50.

[0050] Specifically, the experimental container 10 is used to store the experimental medium, the heating mechanism 20 is used to heat the experimental container 10 , and the bubble releasing mechanism 30 is configured to inject bubbles into the experimental container 10 .

[0051] Specifically, the visualization data acquisition mechanism 40 is configured to acquire dynamic change behaviors during bubble migration and multiphase flow phenomena related thereto.

[0052] Specifically, the environmental parameter detection mechanism is configured to detect and record the time, room temperature, humidity and temperature of the experimental medium during the experiment.

[0053] Specifically, the control terminal 50 can be used to control the heating mechanism 20, the bubble release mechanism 30, the visual data acquisition mechanism 40 and the environmental parameter detection mechanism, etc., and the control terminal 50 is also used to store data obtained by the visual data acquisition mechanism 40 and the environmental parameter detection mechanism.

[0054] In this embodiment, the bubble release mechanism 30 is connected to a bubble nozzle 35, which can control the initial cross-sectional area and rate of bubble release, and the bubble nozzle 35 is inserted into the bottom of the experimental container 10. The bubble nozzle 35 is designed to be quickly detachable and easy to replace. By replacing the bubble nozzles 35 of different specifications and models, the size, size and shape of the released bubbles can be controlled.

[0055] The bubbles of the different bubble nozzles 35 are designed to cover most of the size ranges of bubbles formed during a rupture accident of a heat transfer tube of a lead-cooled fast reactor steam generator.

[0056] In this embodiment, the experimental container 10 is a visualization experimental container. The visualization experimental container 10 is composed of stainless steel and transparent materials, the transparent materials include but are not limited to ordinary glass, organic glass and quartz glass, etc., and the container shape is one of a cuboid and a cube.

[0057] In this embodiment, the visual data acquisition mechanism 40 includes a high-resolution high-speed camera 41 , an LED high-brightness backlight 42 and a background diffusion plate 43 .

[0058] Specifically, the high-resolution high-speed camera 41 is disposed right in front of the visualization experiment container 10 .

[0059] Specifically, the LED high-brightness backlight illuminating lamp 42 is located behind the visualization experiment container 10 , and the background light diffusion plate 43 is located between the visualization experiment container 10 and the LED high-brightness backlight illuminating lamp 42 .

[0060] A high-resolution high-speed camera 41 is installed in front of the visualization experiment container 10; an LED high-brightness backlight 42 is located behind the visualization experiment container 10. The LED high-brightness backlight 42 is mainly used to provide sufficient illumination. The LED high-brightness backlight 42 has a frequency-adjustable strobe function. A background diffuser 43 is located between the visualization experiment container 10 and the LED high-brightness backlight 42, mainly to provide a clear background for experimental shooting and reduce the influence of bubble shadows on the container wall on image processing. The video and pictures recorded by the high-resolution high-speed camera 41 are imported into the control terminal 50 for processing and measurement, and experimental data related to bubble migration characteristics are obtained through a graphic measurement program.

[0061] In this embodiment, the bubble release mechanism 30 includes a precision gas injection pump 31 , a silicone hose 32 , a gas valve 33 and a capillary steel tube 34 .

[0062] Specifically, one end of the silicone hose 32 is configured to be connected to the exhaust port of the precision gas injection pump 31. The air inlet end of the gas valve 33 is configured to be connected to the other end of the silicone hose 32. One end of the capillary steel tube 34 is configured to be connected to the air outlet end of the gas valve 33.

[0063] Specifically, the capillary steel tube 34 is partially inserted into the experimental container 10 , and the other end of the capillary steel tube 34 is configured to be connected to the bubble nozzle 35 .

[0064] The gas valve 33 is used to control the release of bubbles. At the same time, the gas valve 33 also sends a signal to the control terminal 50, which can control the visualization data acquisition mechanism 40 through programming, so that the control terminal 50 can start the visualization data acquisition mechanism 40 to collect data synchronously or asynchronously.

[0065] In this embodiment, the heating mechanism 20 includes a heating rod 21, a thermocouple 22 and a numerical control heating system 23. The liquid in the visualization experiment container 10 can be measured in real time and heated to a target temperature.

[0066] Specifically, the heating rod 21 and the thermocouple 22 are both electrically connected to the numerical control heating system 23 , and the heating rod 21 and the thermocouple 22 are both located in the experimental container 10 .

[0067] In some embodiments, the experimental medium is one of water, glycerol, ethanol and fluorinated liquid.

[0068] In some embodiments, the experimental medium includes a non-transparent medium layer and a visible medium layer.

[0069] Specifically, the non-transparent medium layer is liquid lead-bismuth, and the visible medium layer is glycerol. By injecting bubbles into the liquid lead-bismuth and covering its surface with a layer of glycerol, the technical difficulty of direct visual observation due to the opacity of the lead-bismuth alloy can be cleverly overcome.

[0070] The working principle of the system will be further described below based on the experimental steps of the experimental system for visualizing the migration behavior of bubbles in static liquid in the embodiment.

[0071] The experimental steps are as follows:

[0072] Step 1: Select the bubble nozzle and install it to the end of the capillary steel tube, and place and fix it at the bottom of the experimental container. The bubble nozzle can control the size of the bubble released;

[0073] Step 2: Add the medium required for the experiment into the experimental container, heat it to the experimental temperature through the heating system, and keep the temperature stable;

[0074] Step 3: Set the parameters of the precision gas injection pump, open the gas valve, and inject bubbles into the experimental container at a certain gas flow rate;

[0075] Step 4: When the generated bubbles tend to be stable, start the visual data acquisition mechanism, and at the same time, according to the time required for the complete rising path of the bubbles, start the visual data acquisition mechanism to automatically record the data;

[0076] Step 5: Analyze, summarize and draw corresponding conclusions based on the collected data.

[0077] in, Figure 2 This is the bubble shape distribution phase diagram obtained according to the above experimental method. The media used in the experiment include water, ethanol, glycerol, etc.

[0078] in, Figure 3 This is the buoyancy velocity characteristic curve of an air bubble with an equivalent diameter of 4.18 mm in still water obtained according to the above experimental method.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not conceivable through creative work should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention; unless explicitly stated, any element, action or instruction used in this document should not be interpreted as critical or necessary.

Claims

1. A visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid, characterized in that: include: Experimental container, used to store experimental media; A heating mechanism, used for heating the experimental container; a bubble release mechanism, configured to inject bubbles into the experimental container; A visual data acquisition mechanism configured to acquire dynamic behavior of bubbles during migration and multiphase flow phenomena associated therewith; as well as The environmental parameter detection mechanism is configured to detect and record the time, room temperature, humidity and temperature of the experimental medium during the experiment.

2. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental medium is one of water, glycerol, ethanol and fluoride liquid.

3. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental medium includes a non-transparent medium layer and a visible medium layer.

4. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The non-transparent medium layer is liquid lead bismuth; The visible medium layer is glycerin.

5. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A control terminal, the heating mechanism, the bubble releasing mechanism, the visual data acquisition mechanism and the environmental parameter detection mechanism are all electrically connected to the control terminal; Wherein, the control terminal is configured to at least store the data obtained by the visual data acquisition mechanism and the environmental parameter detection mechanism.

6. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble release mechanism is connected to a bubble nozzle; Wherein, the bubble nozzle is inserted into the bottom of the experimental container.

7. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental container is a visual experimental container.

8. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 7, characterized in that: The visual data acquisition mechanism comprises: High-resolution high-speed camera; LED high brightness backlight; as well as Background diffuser; Wherein, the high-resolution high-speed camera is arranged in front of the visualization experiment container; The LED high-brightness backlight illuminating lamp is located behind the visualization experiment container, and the background light diffusion plate is located between the visualization experiment container and the LED high-brightness backlight illuminating lamp.

9. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bubble release mechanism comprises: Precision gas injection pump; A silicone hose, one end of which is configured to be connected to the exhaust port of the precision gas injection pump; a gas valve, wherein the gas inlet end of the gas valve is configured to be connected to the other end of the silicone hose; and A capillary steel tube, one end of which is configured to be connected to the gas outlet end of the gas valve; Wherein, the capillary steel tube is at least partially inserted into the experimental container, and the other end of the capillary steel tube is configured to be connected to the bubble nozzle.

10. The visualization experimental system for bubble migration behavior in static liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism comprises: Heating rod; Thermocouples; and CNC heating system; Wherein, the heating rod and the thermocouple are both electrically connected to the digital control heating system; The heating rod and the thermocouple are both located in the experimental container.

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