Coupler yoke pin die forging die

Abstract

A coupler yoke pin die forging die comprises an upper die and a lower die. The lower die is provided with a cavity; a forged metal material is placed in the cavity; a bin part surrounding the cavity is arranged on the periphery of the cavity; striking bearing surfaces are arranged on the two sides of the bin part; the upper mold and the lower mold are the same in structure and are symmetrically arranged; and the upper die and the lower die are hammered and separated, and the metal material in the cavity is hammered and formed for multiple times. According to the coupler yoke pin die forging die, the deformation size of raw materials is improved through the bridge part and the drawing-out cavity structure which are designed in a non-standard mode, and the product percent of pass and the material utilization rate can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of forging a hook tail pin of a railway freight car, in particular to a hook tail pin die forging die. Background Art

[0002] The hook pin is an important accessory in railway locomotives and vehicles, mainly used to connect the coupler and the hook frame. In the running system of locomotive vehicles, the hook pin is an important force-bearing component. When the train is running at high speed, it bears the alternating loads generated by the traction shear force and the longitudinal impact of the train. These forces may cause relative movement between the connecting parts and cause wear. The hook pin has high requirements on mechanical properties, more than 90% of the surface is non-machined, and defects such as folding cannot occur. On the premise of ensuring strength, it also needs to have a certain hardness to ensure its wear resistance. Therefore, the hook pin plays a vital role in railway locomotives and vehicles, and its quality, performance and price directly affect the safety and operational efficiency of the train.

[0003] The production process of the hook tail pin must strictly follow the technical requirements and process standards to ensure the quality and performance of the product. The most important die forging process in the production process of the hook tail pin is the use of special die forging equipment and dies to forge the metal billet into shape, that is, the initial shape of the hook tail pin. Among them, the die forging die of the hook tail pin is a key structure to ensure the quality and dimensional accuracy of the forging. Through reasonable die design and strict process requirements, it can be ensured that the die forging process of the hook tail pin proceeds smoothly and obtains high-quality products. The existing die forging dies cannot meet the product size and appearance shape requirements after die forging, and the qualified rate of one-time inspection is extremely low. The arc shape of the two sides of the hook tail pin after forging cannot meet the process requirements. After die forging, it completely relies on manual grinding to eliminate defects and rework to ensure product quality. The forging material is not easy to grind, resulting in a large amount of grinding in the later process, low production efficiency, and product quality that cannot meet the process requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the utility model provides a hook tail pin forging die, which can greatly improve the product qualification rate and material utilization rate through the non-standard designed bridge part and the elongated cavity structure and the improvement of the raw material deformation size. To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A hook tail pin forging die comprises an upper die and a lower die; the lower die is provided with a cavity; the cavity is used to place the forged metal material; the cavity is provided with a storage part surrounding the cavity; the two sides of the storage part are provided with bearing surfaces; the upper die and the lower die have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged; the upper die and the lower die are hammered and separated, and the metal material in the cavity is hammered and formed multiple times.

[0006] Furthermore, a bridge portion is provided between the cavity and the chamber portion; the bridge portion is located at the edge of the cavity and is closed around the cavity; when the upper mold is hammered on the lower mold, the gap between the bridge portion of the upper mold and the bridge portion of the lower mold is 1mm to 3mm.

[0007] Furthermore, when the upper mold is hammered on the lower mold, the gap between the bridge portion of the upper mold and the bridge portion of the lower mold is 1 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, a pulling table and a pulling cavity are provided on the striking surface; the pulling table is located at a corner of the striking surface, and its edges coincide with the edges of the mold; the pulling cavity is arranged along the length direction of the mold and is adjacent to the pulling table; the pulling table is used to stretch the metal material; the pulling cavity is used to accommodate part of the stretched metal forging.

[0009] Furthermore, a rounded corner is provided at a position adjacent to the length direction of the die on the pulling table; the radius of the rounded corner is 10 mm to 40 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the radius of the fillet is 30 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, a concave lock buckle is provided on the impact surface of the lower mold; a convex guide lock cooperating with the guide groove is provided at a corresponding position of the impact surface of the upper mold; when the upper mold is hammered on the lower mold, the convex guide lock is guided into the concave lock buckle.

[0012] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] A hook tail pin forging die, comprising an upper die and a lower die; the lower die is provided with a cavity; the cavity is used to place the forged metal material; the cavity is provided with a chamber surrounding the cavity; the chamber is provided with a bearing surface on both sides; the upper die and the lower die have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged; the upper die and the lower die are hammered and separated, and the metal material in the cavity is hammered and formed multiple times. The hook tail pin forging die of the utility model can greatly improve the product qualification rate and material utilization rate through the non-standard design of the bridge part and the elongated cavity structure, and improve the deformation size of the raw material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper mold of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower mold of the utility model;

[0016] Legend: 1-upper mold, 2-lower mold, 3-cavity, 4-warehouse, 5-strike surface, 6-bridge, 7-pulling table, 8-pulling cavity, 9-rounded corner, 10-concave lock buckle, 11-convex guide lock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0018] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any additional claims and abstract), unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features having similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1:

[0023] See attached Figures 1-2A hook tail pin die forging die, comprising an upper die 1 and a lower die 2; the lower die 2 is provided with a cavity 3; the cavity 3 is used to place the forged metal material; the cavity 3 is surrounded by a chamber 4; the chamber 4 is provided with a bearing surface 5 on both sides; the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged; the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are hammered and separated, and the metal material in the cavity 3 is hammered and formed multiple times. As can be seen from the above structure, the hook tail pin die forging die includes an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, both of which can be square, and both of which are designed with corresponding cavities 3. When the upper die 1 hits the lower die 2, the shape of the cavity 3 of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 is the shape of the hook tail pin. The lower die 2 is fixed on the forging hammer anvil, and the upper die 1 is fixed on the hammer head. When the hook tail pin is die forged, the forged metal material is placed in the cavity 3 of the lower die 2, and the hammer head is started to drive the upper die 1 to hammer and move up and down away from the lower die 2, hammering the metal material in the cavity 3 of the lower die 2, so that the metal material is plastically deformed. After multiple hammering, the shape of the metal material changes to the shape of the cavity 3 of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2. A warehouse 4 is provided around the cavity 3, and the warehouse 4 is used to store the metal material overflowing from the cavity 3. Strike surfaces 5 are provided on both sides of the bin portion 4. The highest positions of the bin portion 4 and the cavity 3 are lower than the strike surfaces 5. When the upper mold 1 hits the lower mold 2, the strike surfaces 5 of the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 are in contact.

[0024] Embodiment 2:

[0025] See attached Figures 1-2. On the basis of the first embodiment, a bridge portion 6 is provided between the cavity 3 and the bin portion 4; the bridge portion 6 is located at the edge of the cavity 3 and is closed around the cavity 3; when the upper mold 1 is hammered on the lower mold 2, the gap between the bridge portion 6 of the upper mold 1 and the bridge portion 6 of the lower mold 2 is 1mm to 3mm; when the upper mold 1 is hammered on the lower mold 2, the gap between the bridge portion 6 of the upper mold 1 and the bridge portion 6 of the lower mold 2 is 1mm. It can be seen from the above structure that a bridge portion 6 is provided between the cavity 3 and the bin portion 4, and the bridge portion 6 is a protrusion, which is arranged around the edge of the cavity 3 in a closed state, and the bridge portion 6 is used to block the speed at which the metal forging overflows from the cavity 3 to the bin portion 4. When the upper die 1 hits the lower die 2, the gap between the bridge 6 of the upper die 1 and the bridge 6 of the upper die 1 is 1mm to 3mm. If the gap is too large, it will affect the arc shape on both sides of the hook tail pin. In the standard die, the gap between the bridge 6 of the upper die 1 and the bridge 6 of the lower die 2 is 3mm. At this time, the two sides of the hook tail pin after die forging will form a plane with a straight width of 8-9mm at the corresponding part of the bridge 6. In the subsequent grinding process, this plane needs to be polished into a standard semicircle; when the gap is too small, it will affect the overflow rate and extend the die forging time. After many improvement tests, the above gap is most suitable for 1mm. At this time, the width of the two sides of the hook tail pin after die forging will be reduced to less than 3mm at the corresponding part of the bridge 6. When grinding, you only need to grind the normal residual burrs and cutting edge marks to ensure the standard semicircular structure of the two sides of the hook tail pin product. The grinding amount is greatly reduced, which can meet the product quality requirements and greatly improve the product qualification rate and material utilization rate.

[0026] Embodiment three:

[0027] See attached Figures 1-2 . On the basis of the second embodiment, a pulling platform 7 and a pulling cavity 8 are provided on the striking surface 5; the pulling platform 7 is located at a corner of the striking surface 5, and the two sides of the edge coincide with the two sides of the edge of the mold; the pulling cavity 8 is arranged along the length direction of the mold and is adjacent to the pulling platform 7; the pulling platform 7 is used to pull the metal material; the pulling cavity 8 is used to accommodate part of the stretched metal forgings; a fillet 9 is provided at a position adjacent to the length direction of the mold of the pulling platform 7; the radius of the fillet 9 is 10mm~40mm; the radius of the fillet 9 is designed to be 30mm. It can be seen from the above structure that a pulling platform 7 and a pulling cavity 8 are provided on the striking surface 5, the pulling platform 7 is located at one of the four corners of the mold, and two sides of the pulling platform 7 coincide with the two sides of the striking surface 5, as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown. The drawing table 7 is used to draw the forged metal material, improve the shape of the metal material in advance, reduce the waste of metal forging materials, and at the same time change the internal structure and mechanical properties. A drawing cavity 8 is provided next to the drawing table 7 in the width direction of the bearing surface 5, and the drawing cavity 8 is used to accommodate part of the drawn metal material. A fillet 9 is provided at the position where the drawing table 7 coincides with the length direction of the mold. The radius of the fillet 9 can be 10mm to 40mm. In the standard mold, when the radius of the fillet 9 is too small, the metal forging after drawing is prone to produce steps at the fillet 9. After flattening and final forging, the forging forms a transverse folding defect. After many improvement tests, the radius of the above-mentioned fillet 9 is optimally taken as 30mm.

[0028] Embodiment 4:

[0029] See attached Figures 1-2 . On the basis of the third embodiment, a concave lock buckle 10 is provided on the bearing surface 5 of the lower mold 2; a convex guide lock 11 cooperating with the guide groove is provided at a corresponding position of the bearing surface 5 of the upper mold 1; when the upper mold 1 is hammered on the lower mold 2, the convex guide lock 11 is introduced into the concave lock buckle 10. It can be seen from the above structure that a concave lock buckle 10 is provided on the bearing surface 5 of the lower mold 2, and the concave lock buckle 10 can be set at a position other than the material drawing table 7 and the material drawing cavity 8, and one or more can be set. The contour shape of the concave lock buckle 10 is generally a rectangular parallelepiped, or a trapezoidal body. A convex guide lock 11 is provided at a position corresponding to the bearing surface 5 of the upper mold 1 and the concave lock buckle 10. The contour shape of the convex guide lock 11 is a rectangular parallelepiped corresponding to the concave lock buckle 10. When the upper mold 1 hits the lower mold 2, the convex guide lock 11 is introduced into the concave lock buckle 10 to cooperate with each other, playing a role in guiding and positioning.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hook tail pin forging die, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper die (1) and a lower die (2); the lower die (2) is provided with a cavity (3); the cavity (3) is used to place the metal material to be forged; the cavity (3) is provided with a chamber (4) surrounding the cavity (3); the chamber (4) is provided with a bearing surface (5) on both sides; the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged; the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) are hammered and separated, and the metal material in the cavity (3) is hammered and formed multiple times.

2. A hook pin forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bridge portion (6) is provided between the mold cavity (3) and the chamber portion (4); the bridge portion (6) is located at the edge of the mold cavity (3) and is closed around the mold cavity (3); when the upper mold (1) is hammered onto the lower mold (2), a gap between the bridge portion (6) of the upper mold (1) and the bridge portion (6) of the lower mold (2) is 1 mm to 3 mm.

3. A hook pin forging die according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the upper mold (1) is hammered onto the lower mold (2), the gap between the bridge portion (6) of the upper mold (1) and the bridge portion (6) of the lower mold (2) is 1 mm.

4. The hook tail pin forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The striking surface (5) is provided with a material pulling platform (7) and a material pulling cavity (8); the material pulling platform (7) is located at a corner of the striking surface (5), and the two sides of the edge coincide with the two sides of the edge of the mold; the material pulling cavity (8) is arranged along the length direction of the mold and is adjacent to the material pulling platform (7); the material pulling platform (7) is used to pull out metal materials; and the material pulling cavity (8) is used to accommodate part of the stretched metal forging.

5. A hook pin forging die according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rounded corner (9) is provided at a position of the material pulling platform (7) adjacent to the mold in the length direction; the radius of the rounded corner (9) is 10 mm to 40 mm.

6. A hook pin forging die according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radius of the fillet (9) is 30 mm.

7. A hook pin forging die according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A concave lock buckle (10) is provided on the impact surface (5) of the lower mold (2); a convex guide lock (11) cooperating with the concave lock buckle (10) is provided at a corresponding position of the impact surface (5) of the upper mold (1); when the upper mold (1) is hammered onto the lower mold (2), the convex guide lock (11) is guided into the concave lock buckle (10).

Images