Planetary gear type mechanism capable of being used as backstop or overrunning clutch

Abstract

The utility model relates to a planetary gear type mechanism capable of being used as a backstop or an overrun clutch, which is characterized in that a planet carrier and a cover plate are respectively provided with a central hole and are coaxially and fixedly connected; a plurality of shaft insertion holes are oppositely formed in the peripheries of the center holes of the two shafts one by one; the sun gear is integrally formed outside the through shaft; the two ends of the through shaft are supported in the center hole of the planet carrier and the center hole of the end cover through supporting bearings respectively; each planetary gear is supported on a planetary gear shaft through a cylindrical roller bearing; the two ends of a plurality of planet wheel shafts are respectively inserted and supported in a plurality of shaft insertion holes in the planet carrier and a plurality of shaft insertion holes in the cover plate; a group of elastic pressing mechanisms is mounted on one side, far away from the cover plate, of the cylindrical roller bearing on each planet wheel shaft; a non-return ring is fixedly installed in each non-return ring installation hole in the inner end face of the cover plate, and ratchet teeth are arranged at the inner ends of the non-return rings. And conjugate ratchet teeth which can be meshed with the ratchet teeth on the corresponding non-return ring are arranged at the end part of each planetary gear. The device is compact in structure and good in applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of transmission mechanisms, and particularly relates to a planetary gear mechanism which can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch. Background Art

[0002] The backstop is a mechanical device whose main function is to prevent the equipment from reversing during operation. Specifically, when the equipment suddenly stops or encounters other abnormal conditions during operation, the backstop can react quickly to prevent the equipment from reversing, which helps protect the mechanical structure of the equipment and prevent damage caused by reversal. Existing backstops generally use wedge brakes and roller brakes to achieve the backstop function, and most structures cannot achieve the overrunning clutch function.

[0003] Overrunning clutch is a mechanical device that is used as an important component for power transmission and separation between the prime mover and the working machine or between the driving shaft and the driven shaft inside the machine. It is a device with self-clutching function by using the speed change or rotation direction change of the driving and driven parts.

[0004] The existing check valve and overrunning clutch are two different forms of mechanical devices, but for operating conditions that only require unidirectional rotation, the two have common usage requirements. Based on this common usage requirement, a planetary gear type rotating mechanism is pre-designed, which can be used as both a check valve and an overrunning clutch. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a planetary gear mechanism which has compact structure, stable transmission and good applicability and can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A planetary gear mechanism that can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch, comprising a through shaft, a sun gear, a support bearing, a planetary gear shaft, a planet carrier, an elastic clamping mechanism, a plurality of planetary gears, a backstop ring, and a cover plate; the sun gear and the plurality of planetary gears are both helical gears;

[0008] The planet carrier and the cover plate are both provided with a center hole, the planet carrier and the cover plate are coaxially fixedly connected, and an installation cavity is formed inside; a plurality of shaft insertion holes are evenly distributed one by one on the planet carrier and the cover plate at the periphery of the center hole along the circumferential direction;

[0009] The sun gear is integrally formed on the outside of the through shaft, and a center hole for the external power shaft to pass through is provided on the through shaft; both ends of the through shaft are supported in the center hole of the planet carrier and the center hole of the end cover through a support bearing, so that the sun gear is placed in the middle position of the installation cavity;

[0010] The plurality of planetary gears are evenly distributed along the circumference on the periphery of the sun gear and mesh with the sun gear teeth; each planetary gear is supported on a planetary gear shaft through a cylindrical roller bearing; one end of the plurality of planetary gear shafts is respectively inserted and supported in a plurality of shaft insertion holes on the planet carrier, and the other ends of the plurality of planetary gear shafts are respectively inserted and supported in a plurality of shaft insertion holes on the cover plate;

[0011] A set of elastic clamping mechanisms is installed on each planetary gear shaft at the side of the cylindrical roller bearing away from the cover plate, one end of the elastic clamping mechanism is in press contact with the end face of the corresponding cylindrical roller bearing, and the other end of the elastic clamping mechanism is in press contact with the inner end face of the planet carrier;

[0012] A check ring mounting hole is arranged on the inner end surface of the cover plate at a position corresponding to each shaft insertion hole, a check ring is fixedly installed in each check ring mounting hole, and ratchet teeth are arranged on the inner end surface of each check ring; conjugate ratchet teeth that can mesh with the ratchet teeth on the corresponding check ring are arranged on the end surface of each planetary gear close to the check ring;

[0013] When the planetary gear type rotating mechanism is used as a backstop, the planet carrier is fixedly connected to the frame of the equipment; when the planetary gear type rotating mechanism is used as an overrunning clutch, the planet carrier is connected to the load.

[0014] Moreover, the planetary carrier as a whole adopts a rotating body bracket, which is composed of a chassis part and an annular edge part arranged on one side of the chassis part, the center hole is arranged on the chassis part, and the shaft sockets are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the center hole, and external mounting holes are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer end of the chassis part; a cover plate positioning column is arranged on the inner side of the annular edge at a position between the shaft sockets, and the end of the cover plate positioning column is located on the inner side of the end face of the annular edge, and the distance between the two is consistent with the thickness of the cover plate, and a threaded hole is arranged on the end face of the cover plate positioning column.

[0015] Moreover, the cover plate adopts an overall disc-shaped structure, and screw holes are provided on the cover plate near the edge and between the check ring mounting holes. The screw holes on the cover plate correspond one-to-one to the threaded holes on the planetary carrier positioning columns. By installing the fastening screws, the cover plate is coaxially connected to the end of the planetary carrier away from the chassis.

[0016] Moreover, the elastic clamping mechanism includes a spacing gasket, a compression spring, and an adjusting gasket; the compression spring is arranged between the spacing gasket and the adjusting gasket, the spacing gasket contacts the end of the corresponding cylindrical roller bearing, and the adjusting gasket contacts the inner end of the chassis of the planetary carrier.

[0017] Moreover, a plurality of semicircular pin holes are arranged on the inner ring surface of the check ring, a positioning platform with the same size as the inner ring of the check ring is arranged in the check ring mounting hole, and a plurality of semicircular pin holes are correspondingly arranged on the outer ring surface of the positioning platform; a plurality of check rings are embedded and fixed one by one in the plurality of check ring mounting holes by interference fit, and the plurality of semicircular pin holes on the check rings correspond one by one to the plurality of semicircular pin holes on the outer ring surface of the corresponding positioning platform, forming a plurality of complete positioning pin holes, and a positioning pin is inserted in each positioning pin hole, so that the check ring is fixed in the corresponding check ring mounting hole.

[0018] The advantages and positive effects of the utility model are:

[0019] 1. The planetary gear type rotating mechanism adopts a helical gear planetary transmission mechanism, and an elastic clamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the plurality of planetary gears, and an end ratchet matching structure is arranged between the other side of the planetary gear and the cover plate, so that when the planetary carrier is fixed on the frame of the equipment, the planetary gear type rotating mechanism can achieve input and output locking in the rotation direction corresponding to the locking through the meshing of the ratchet teeth at the end of the planetary gear and the ratchet teeth at the end of the check ring, and can be used as a check; and when the planetary carrier is fixedly connected to the load, the load is driven to rotate in one direction. When the rotation speed of the planetary carrier under the action of the load exceeds the rotation speed of the through shaft, the matching ratchet teeth of the mechanism are disengaged, so that only input can be achieved but no output can be achieved, and it can be used as an overrunning clutch.

[0020] 2. The planetary gear type rotating mechanism has simple transmission, small axial and radial dimensions, compact structure and stable transmission. It has the same backstop effect as the prior art and also has the function of overrunning clutch. It has good applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the check ring of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the planetary gear and the check ring of the utility model; 4a, separation state, 4b, meshing state;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the utility model, 5a, structural diagram Figure 1 , 5b, structural diagram Figure 2 .

[0026] In the figure: 1. through shaft; 1.1. sun gear; 2. support bearing; 3. elastic retaining ring; 4. planetary gear shaft; 5. planetary carrier 6. adjustment gasket; 7. compression spring; 8. spacer baffle; 9. planetary gear; 10. cylindrical roller bearing; 11. check plate 12. cylindrical pin; 13. cover plate; 14. fastening screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The structure of the utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments are descriptive rather than restrictive.

[0028] A planetary gear mechanism that can be used as a backstop or overrunning clutch, see Figure 1-Figure 5 The invention point is: it includes a through shaft 1, a sun gear 1.1, a support bearing 2, a hole elastic ring 3, a planetary gear shaft 4, a planetary carrier 5, an adjustment gasket 6, a compression spring 7, a spacer 8, a plurality of planetary gears 9, a cylindrical roller bearing 10, a check ring 11, a cylindrical pin 12, a cover plate 13, and a fastening screw 14. Among them, the sun gear and the plurality of planetary gears are all helical gears.

[0029] The planetary frame as a whole adopts a rotating body bracket, which is composed of a chassis part and an annular edge part arranged on one side of the chassis part. A center hole is arranged on the chassis part, and shaft sockets are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the center hole, and external mounting holes are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction at the outer end of the chassis part, which are used to fix the entire mechanism on the frame (when used as a backstop) or connect with the load (when used as an overrunning clutch). A cover plate positioning column is arranged at a position between the shaft sockets on the inner side of the annular edge, and the end of the cover plate positioning column is located on the inner side of the end face of the annular edge. The distance between the two is consistent with the thickness of the cover plate, so as to realize the positioning and installation of the cover plate, and a threaded hole is arranged on the end face of the cover plate positioning column for fixing the cover plate.

[0030] The cover plate adopts a disc-shaped structure with a center hole, and the outer diameter of the cover plate is consistent with the inner diameter of the annular edge of the planet carrier. A plurality of check ring mounting holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the cover plate at the periphery of the hole, and screw holes are provided at positions close to the edge and between the check ring mounting holes on the cover plate. The screw holes on the cover plate correspond one-to-one to the threaded holes on the positioning columns of the planet carrier. By installing the fastening screws, the cover plate can be coaxially connected to the end of the planet carrier away from the chassis, and a mounting cavity is formed inside.

[0031] The inner end surface of the check ring is provided with ratchet teeth, and a plurality of pin holes are provided on the inner ring surface of the check ring. In the utility model, the pin hole on the check ring adopts a semicircular pin hole, and a positioning platform consistent with the inner ring size of the check ring is provided in the installation hole of the check ring in coordination with the semicircular pin hole, and a plurality of semicircular pin holes are provided on the outer ring surface of the positioning platform. The plurality of check rings are fixed to the plurality of check ring installation holes one by one by interference fit, and the plurality of semicircular pin holes on the check ring correspond to the plurality of semicircular pin holes on the outer ring surface of the corresponding positioning platform one by one, forming a plurality of complete positioning pin holes, and a positioning pin is inserted in each positioning pin hole, and the cylindrical pin 12 is used to limit the position in the circumferential direction, so as to realize the driving connection between the check ring and the cover plate.

[0032] In the above structure, the check ring is preferably fixed to the check ring installation hole on the end cover in a mostly embedded manner, so as to achieve a compact setting of the overall structure and minimize the axial size of the mechanism. In the present utility model, the installation of the check ring on the cover plate is not limited to the above installation method. For example, the check ring can adopt a flange ring structure and be fixed in the reserved hole on the end cover by screws, or it can be fully exposed.

[0033] A shaft insertion hole is arranged on the cover plate at the center position corresponding to each non-return ring installation groove. The shaft insertion holes on the cover plate correspond to the shaft insertion holes on the planet carrier chassis in a one-to-one manner in a direction parallel to the axial direction.

[0034] The sun gear is integrally formed on the outside of the through shaft. The through shaft is provided with a central through hole with a flat keyway for the external power shaft to pass through. The two ends of the through shaft are supported in the central hole of the planet carrier and the central hole of the end cover through a support bearing, so that the sun gear is placed in the middle position of the installation cavity. Elastic retaining rings for holes are installed on the outside of the support bearings at both ends to achieve axial limitation of the support bearings at both ends, thereby achieving axial limitation of the through shaft.

[0035] The plurality of planetary gears are evenly distributed along the circumference on the periphery of the sun gear and mesh with the sun gear teeth. Each planetary gear 9 is supported on a planetary gear shaft 4 through a cylindrical roller bearing 10. One end of the plurality of planetary gear shafts is respectively inserted and supported in the plurality of shaft plug holes on the planetary frame, and the other end of the plurality of planetary gear shafts is respectively inserted and supported in the plurality of shaft plug holes on the cover plate. An elastic clamping mechanism is provided on the side away from the check ring outside the plurality of planetary gears, and the elastic clamping mechanism includes a spacer 8, a compression spring 7, and an adjustment gasket 6. The compression spring is provided between the spacer and the adjustment gasket, the spacer contacts the end of the corresponding cylindrical roller bearing, and the adjustment gasket contacts the inner end of the chassis of the planetary frame. The compression spring 7 functions to make the planetary gear 9 fit the end face of the check ring 11. The spacer 8 is polished smooth with a wear-resistant material to prevent the cylindrical roller bearing from coming out and reduce friction; the adjustment gasket 6 adjusts the preload of the compression spring 7 by changing the thickness. All components on the planetary gear shaft 4 can slide freely in the axial direction.

[0036] When the through shaft is used as both input and output, the structure can be used as a backstop; when the through shaft is used as input and the planet carrier is used as output, the structure can be used as an overrunning clutch.

[0037] When this structure is used as a backstop, that is, when the through shaft is used as both input and output. For the non-locked rotation direction, the through shaft rotates through the sun gear to drive the circumferentially distributed planetary gears 9 to rotate, and the conjugated ratchet teeth on the planetary gears 9 and the backstop ring 11 allow the two structures to perform relative rotation in this single direction, so the through shaft is not locked; at the same time, due to the effect of the gear helix angle, the sun gear gives the planetary gear an axial force away from the backstop ring, causing it to leave the backstop ring and thus reduce friction;

[0038] When this structure is used as a check valve, the locked rotation direction is limited by the conjugate ratchet teeth on the planetary gear 9 and the check ring 11, and the through shaft (sun gear) 1 cannot rotate; at the same time, due to the effect of the gear helix angle, the sun gear 1 gives the planetary gear 9 an axial force close to the check ring 11, so that it fits tightly with the check ring 11 to achieve reliable locking of the mechanism.

[0039] When the structure is used as an overrunning clutch, the through shaft is used as input and the planet carrier is used as output. When the through shaft rotates in the locking direction of the mechanism, it will drive the planet carrier 5 to rotate together; if the rotation speed of the planet carrier 5 under the load exceeds the rotation speed of the through shaft, the mechanism will be disengaged internally, and the principle is the same as the above-mentioned non-locking rotation direction used as a backstop to prevent the load side from exerting force on the power input side, thereby avoiding accidents that damage the power source.

[0040] Although the embodiments and drawings of the present invention are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A planetary gear mechanism which can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch, characterized in that: It includes a through shaft, a sun gear, a supporting bearing, a planetary gear shaft, a planetary carrier, an elastic clamping mechanism, a plurality of planetary gears, a check ring, and a cover plate; the sun gear and the plurality of planetary gears are all helical gears; The planet carrier and the cover plate are both provided with a center hole, the planet carrier and the cover plate are coaxially fixedly connected, and an installation cavity is formed inside; a plurality of shaft insertion holes are evenly distributed one by one on the planet carrier and the cover plate at the periphery of the center hole along the circumferential direction; The sun gear is integrally formed on the outside of the through shaft, and a center hole for the external power shaft to pass through is provided on the through shaft; both ends of the through shaft are supported in the center hole of the planet carrier and the center hole of the end cover through a support bearing, so that the sun gear is placed in the middle position of the installation cavity; The plurality of planetary gears are evenly distributed along the circumference on the periphery of the sun gear and mesh with the sun gear teeth; each planetary gear is supported on a planetary gear shaft through a cylindrical roller bearing; one end of the plurality of planetary gear shafts is respectively inserted and supported in a plurality of shaft insertion holes on the planet carrier, and the other ends of the plurality of planetary gear shafts are respectively inserted and supported in a plurality of shaft insertion holes on the cover plate; A set of elastic clamping mechanisms is installed on each planetary gear shaft at the side of the cylindrical roller bearing away from the cover plate, one end of the elastic clamping mechanism is in press contact with the end face of the corresponding cylindrical roller bearing, and the other end of the elastic clamping mechanism is in press contact with the inner end face of the planet carrier; A check ring mounting hole is arranged on the inner end surface of the cover plate at a position corresponding to each shaft insertion hole, a check ring is fixedly installed in each check ring mounting hole, and ratchet teeth are arranged on the inner end surface of each check ring; conjugate ratchet teeth that can mesh with the ratchet teeth on the corresponding check ring are arranged on the end surface of each planetary gear close to the check ring; When the planetary gear type rotating mechanism is used as a backstop, the planet carrier is fixedly connected to the frame of the equipment; when the planetary gear type rotating mechanism is used as an overrunning clutch, the planet carrier is connected to the load.

2. The planetary gear mechanism that can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planetary carrier as a whole adopts a revolving body bracket, which is composed of a chassis part and an annular edge part arranged on one side of the chassis part. The center hole is arranged on the chassis part, and the shaft sockets are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the periphery of the center hole, and external mounting holes are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer end of the chassis part; a cover plate positioning column is arranged on the inner side of the annular edge at a position between the shaft sockets, and the end of the cover plate positioning column is located on the inner side of the end face of the annular edge, and the distance between the two is consistent with the thickness of the cover plate, and a threaded hole is arranged on the end face of the cover plate positioning column.

3. The planetary gear mechanism that can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover plate as a whole adopts a disc-shaped structure. Screw holes are provided on the cover plate near the edge and between the check ring mounting holes. The screw holes on the cover plate correspond one-to-one with the threaded holes on the planet carrier positioning columns. By installing the fastening screws, the cover plate is coaxially connected to the end of the planet carrier away from the chassis.

4. The planetary gear mechanism that can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic clamping mechanism includes a spacer, a compression spring, and an adjusting spacer; the compression spring is arranged between the spacer and the adjusting spacer, the spacer contacts the end of the corresponding cylindrical roller bearing, and the adjusting spacer contacts the inner end of the chassis of the planetary carrier.

5. The planetary gear mechanism that can be used as a backstop or an overrunning clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of semicircular pin holes are arranged on the inner ring surface of the check ring; a positioning platform with the same size as the inner ring of the check ring is arranged in the mounting hole of the check ring, and a plurality of semicircular pin holes are correspondingly arranged on the outer ring surface of the positioning platform; a plurality of check rings are embedded and fixed in the plurality of check ring mounting holes one by one by interference fit, and the plurality of semicircular pin holes on the check rings correspond one by one to the plurality of semicircular pin holes on the outer ring surface of the corresponding positioning platform, forming a plurality of complete positioning pin holes, and a positioning pin is inserted in each positioning pin hole, so that the check ring is fixed in the corresponding check ring mounting hole.

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