Gasification furnace hearth negative pressure control system

Abstract

The utility model provides a gasification furnace hearth negative pressure control system, and relates to the technical field of coal water slurry preparation, the gasification furnace hearth negative pressure control system comprises a gasification furnace, a gas-liquid separator, a start-up extractor and an extractor silencer, a discharge port in the side part of the gasification furnace is connected with a gas inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a first pipeline, and a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator through a second pipeline; a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with a subsequent gas treatment device through a second pipeline, the second pipeline is connected with a gas inlet of a start-up extractor through a third pipeline, an exhaust port of the start-up extractor is communicated to a gas inlet of an extractor silencer, a spray burning assembly is arranged at the top of the gasification furnace, and a ball valve is arranged at a standby port in the side of the gasification furnace. According to the utility model, the pressure difference of the slag opening of the gasification furnace can be prevented from rising, the cold water resistance is reduced, the liquid level of the gasification furnace and the quantity of chilling water are ensured, and the production reduction or shutdown of the system is avoided; buffering of process gas by the gas-liquid separator can be reduced, reverse mixing and tempering of hot gas caused by negative pressure fluctuation of a hearth of the gasification furnace are avoided, and safety accidents are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water-coal slurry preparation, and in particular to a gasifier furnace negative pressure control system. Background Art

[0002] The gasifier is a device for the preparation and production of water-coal slurry. Oxygen and coal slurry react and burn in the gasifier to carry out oxidation and reduction reactions. Under high temperature conditions, the ash in the coal becomes liquid slag and is discharged out of the furnace through the ash and slag system. The carbon in the coal undergoes incomplete combustion, oxidation, and reduction to become raw gas.

[0003] However, the original design of the gasifier's process gas pipe opening is very prone to ash hanging, resulting in an increase in the pressure difference at the slag opening of the gasifier. At the same time, as the pressure difference at the slag opening increases, the resistance of the quenching water increases, the liquid level of the gasifier drops, and the ash hanging at the process gas pipe opening becomes more severe, seriously affecting and restricting the long-term stable operation of the gasifier. In addition, the existing process gas to gas-liquid separator pipeline has many elbows and tees, and the process gas outlet resistance is relatively large. When the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator is high, the process gas outlet resistance will increase, which can easily cause the ash hanging at the process gas pipe opening to increase. As a result, during the start-up, shutdown, and heating process, when the system is pumping negative pressure, the buffering of the gas-liquid separator can easily cause the negative pressure in the furnace to be destroyed, resulting in hot gas backflow and flashback, which can lead to safety accidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a gasifier furnace negative pressure control system, which can avoid the increase of pressure difference at the slag outlet of the gasifier when ash is attached to the process gas pipe outlet, reduce the cold water resistance, ensure the liquid level of the gasifier and the amount of quenching water, avoid system production reduction or shutdown, and after the single system is shut down, avoid the fluctuation of negative pressure in the gasifier furnace that causes hot gas backflow and tempering, and avoid the occurrence of safety accidents.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a gasifier furnace negative pressure control system, including a gasifier, a gas-liquid separator, a start-up extractor and an extractor muffler, the discharge port on the side of the gasifier is connected to the air inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a first pipe, the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the gas treatment device of the next processing step through a second pipe, the second pipe is connected to the air inlet of the start-up extractor through a third pipe, the exhaust port of the start-up extractor is connected to the air inlet of the extractor muffler, a spraying assembly is provided on the top of the gasifier, and a ball valve is provided at the spare port on the side of the gasifier, and the ball valve is connected to the third pipe through a spare pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the spraying assembly includes a process burner, an oxygen supply pipeline and a fuel supply pipeline, and the oxygen supply pipeline and the fuel supply pipeline are respectively connected to the process burner.

[0007] Furthermore, a pneumatic valve and a check valve are sequentially provided on the oxygen supply pipeline in the direction of airflow.

[0008] Furthermore, a slag discharging port at the bottom of the gasifier is connected to a slag breaker.

[0009] Furthermore, the ball valve is a variable diameter ball valve.

[0010] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0011] When the gasifier of the utility model is operating normally, ash accumulates at the pipe mouth of the first pipeline, causing the system pressure to increase, and the system is forced to reduce the load or stop. At this time, the ball valve is opened, the start-up extractor is started, and part of the process gas generated in the gasifier is discharged through the spare pipe, the third pipeline, the start-up extractor and the extractor muffler in sequence, which can effectively avoid the pressure difference at the slag mouth of the gasifier, reduce the cold water resistance, ensure the liquid level of the gasifier and the amount of quenching water, and avoid system production reduction or shutdown; during the start-up, shutdown and heating process, when the system extracts negative pressure, the ball valve is opened, the start-up extractor is started, and the process gas generated in the gasifier is discharged through the first pipeline, the gas-liquid separator, the second pipeline, the third pipeline, the start-up extractor and the extractor muffler in sequence, which can reduce the buffering of the process gas by the gas-liquid separator, avoid the negative pressure fluctuation in the furnace of the gasifier and cause the hot gas to flow back and flashback, and avoid safety accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0014] The reference numerals are:

[0015] 1. Gasifier; 2. Gas-liquid separator; 3. Start-up extractor; 4. Extractor silencer; 5. First pipeline; 6. Second pipeline; 7. Third pipeline; 8. Spraying assembly; 81. Process burner; 82. Oxygen supply pipeline; 83. Fuel supply pipeline; 9. Ball valve; 10. Spare pipe; 11. Pneumatic valve; 12. Check valve; 13. Slag breaker. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0017] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances. Specific embodiment:

[0023] The present application provides a gasifier furnace negative pressure control system, including a gasifier 1, a gas-liquid separator 2, a start-up extractor 3 and an extractor muffler 4, the discharge port on the side of the gasifier 1 is connected to the air inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 through a first pipeline 5, the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 is connected to the gas treatment device of the next processing step through a second pipeline 6, the second pipeline 6 is connected to the air inlet of the start-up extractor 3 through a third pipeline 7, the exhaust port of the start-up extractor 3 is connected to the air inlet of the extractor muffler 4, the top of the gasifier 1 A spraying component 8 is provided, and the spraying component 8 inputs fuel and oxygen into the gasifier 1. A spare port on the side of the gasifier 1 is provided with a ball valve 9, and the ball valve 9 is connected to the third pipeline 7 through a spare pipe 10. The process gas (containing a small amount of fine ash) generated when the gasifier 1 is working normally is transported to the gas-liquid separator 2 through the first pipeline 5 for separation and treatment. The gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 2 is transported to the subsequent gas treatment device in the prior art through the second pipeline 6 for treatment. When the system is running to the later stage, when ash accumulates at the pipe mouth of the first pipeline 5, the system pressure is caused. The pressure rises, and the system is forced to reduce the load or stop. At this time, the ball valve 9 is opened, and the start-up extractor 3 is started. Part of the process gas generated in the gasifier 1 is discharged through the spare pipe 10, the third pipeline 7, the start-up extractor 3 and the extractor silencer 4 in sequence, which can effectively avoid the increase of the pressure difference at the slag mouth of the gasifier 1, reduce the cold water resistance, ensure the liquid level of the gasifier 1 and the amount of quenching water, and avoid system reduction or shutdown; during the start-up, shutdown and temperature rise process, when the system extracts negative pressure, the ball valve 9 is opened, the start-up extractor 3 is started, and the process gas generated in the gasifier 1 is discharged. The gas is discharged after successively passing through the first pipeline 5, the gas-liquid separator 2, the second pipeline 6, the third pipeline 7, the start-up extractor 3 and the extractor muffler 4. Since the gas-liquid separator 2 is very easy to condense to form a water seal, which affects the system's negative pumping, the ball valve 9 is opened at this time, and the negative pumping is discharged from the gasifier 1 after successively passing through the spare pipe 10, the third pipeline 7, the start-up extractor 3 and the extractor muffler 4. This can reduce the buffering of the process gas by the gas-liquid separator 2, avoid the negative pressure fluctuation in the furnace of the gasifier 1, and cause the hot gas to be reversed and tempered, thereby avoiding safety accidents.

[0024] The spraying assembly 8 includes a process burner 81, an oxygen supply pipeline 82 and a fuel supply pipeline 83. The oxygen supply pipeline 82 and the fuel supply pipeline 83 are respectively connected to the process burner 81. The oxygen supply pipeline 82 and the fuel supply pipeline 83 input oxygen and fuel through the process burner 81. The oxygen and fuel are burned and reacted in the gasifier 1.

[0025] A pneumatic valve 11 and a check valve 12 are provided in sequence on the oxygen supply pipeline 82 in the direction of air flow. The input amount of oxygen can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the pneumatic valve 11, while the check valve 12 can prevent the oxygen in the oxygen supply pipeline 82 from flowing back.

[0026] The slag discharge port at the bottom of the gasifier 1 is connected to a slag crusher 13 , and the waste slag generated by the operation of the gasifier 1 is discharged to the slag crusher 13 through the slag discharge port for treatment.

[0027] The ball valve 9 is a variable diameter ball valve 9, and a spare pipe 10 of a suitable diameter can be selected according to actual needs to meet actual needs on site.

[0028] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gasifier furnace negative pressure control system, characterized in that: It includes a gasifier, a gas-liquid separator, a start-up extractor and an extractor muffler. The discharge port on the side of the gasifier is connected to the air inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a first pipeline, the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the gas treatment device of the next processing step through a second pipeline, the second pipeline is connected to the air inlet of the start-up extractor through a third pipeline, the exhaust port of the start-up extractor is connected to the air inlet of the extractor muffler, a spraying assembly is provided on the top of the gasifier, and a ball valve is provided at the spare port on the side of the gasifier, and the ball valve is connected to the third pipeline through a spare pipe.

2. A gasifier furnace negative pressure control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying and burning assembly comprises a process burner, an oxygen supply pipeline and a fuel supply pipeline, and the oxygen supply pipeline and the fuel supply pipeline are respectively connected to the process burner.

3. A gasifier furnace negative pressure control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxygen supply pipeline is provided with a pneumatic valve and a check valve in sequence in the direction of airflow.

4. The gasifier furnace negative pressure control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag discharge port at the bottom of the gasifier is connected with a slag breaker.

5. The gasifier furnace negative pressure control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball valve is a variable diameter ball valve.

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