Air uniformizing device and grain cleaning machine composed of air uniformizing device

Abstract

The air uniformizing device comprises an air uniformizing barrel, a spiral air duct is arranged in the air uniformizing barrel, air inlets are symmetrically formed in the two ends, located in the center of the inner side, of the spiral air duct, and the air inlets are provided with air outlets which are obliquely upward and located at the ends, located on the outer side, of the air inlets. The grain cleaning machine comprises a winnowing settling chamber, a dust removal device, a fan, a motor and the air uniformizing device, a grain inlet is formed in one side of the winnowing settling chamber, an air inlet communicated with the air outlet of the air uniformizing device is formed below the grain inlet, and a grain outlet is formed in the bottom of the winnowing settling chamber; an air collecting box is arranged at the top of the dust removal device and communicated with an air inlet of a fan, an air distributing pipe is arranged at an air outlet of the fan, and two branch air pipes of the air distributing pipe are communicated with an air inlet pipe of the air uniformizing device through main air pipes respectively. The speed of air exhausted from the air outlet of the air uniformizing device is uniformly distributed, the grain cleaning machine exhausts part of air through the air distributing pipe, a small amount of air is supplemented and sucked through the air suction opening, air quantity balance and airflow internal circulation in the winnowing system are achieved, and equipment operation energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grain cleaning equipment, in particular to a uniform wind device and a grain cleaning machine composed of the uniform wind device. Background Art

[0002] The grain processing process needs to go through the step of cleaning impurities. The existing impurity cleaning equipment mostly uses a simple vibrating screen or a grain cleaning device that integrates a vibrating screen with an air selection mechanism. Commonly used at home and abroad are vibrating air selection screens, square suction separators, and circulating air vertical separators. The vibrating air selection screen is mainly used for wheat seed selection and cleaning; the square suction separator is mainly used for corn cleaning, but it is rarely used now because the effect is not ideal; the circulating air vertical separator is produced by Buhler, Switzerland. Its feature is that the equipment consumes less power after using circulating air. It is currently the most advanced and widely used equipment, but it also has shortcomings, namely: due to structural limitations, the material is concentrated at the discharge port, and the impurity cleaning effect will be very poor after the output increases, and the debris with a larger specific gravity cannot be handled.

[0003] The dust content in the waste gas discharged by the existing air selection mechanism is relatively high. Some enterprises will install professional dust removal equipment after the air selection mechanism, but the equipment investment cost and operating energy consumption are high. The combined grain cleaning center disclosed in CN 211027038 U includes two-stage vibration screening, two-stage air selection, and two-stage dust removal. The fan is connected to the upper air selection box and the lower air selection box respectively through a primary dust removal device, and the fan is also connected to the air outlet pipe through a secondary dust removal device. The air outlet pipe is connected to an air separation device, and the air separation device is used to divide an air flow output by the fan into two air flows. The primary air selection device and the secondary air selection device are respectively installed at the two air outlets of the air separation device and are used to convey uniform airflow to the upper air selection box and the lower air selection box respectively for air selection and impurity removal. Under the action of the fan, the air flow forms an internal circulation inside the cleaning center, but the air separation device of the grain cleaning center is complicated to operate when adjusting the wind speed to be evenly distributed, and the speed gradient of the wind entering the upper and lower air selection boxes is quite different, which affects the quality and efficiency of grain air selection and impurity removal. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a wind uniformity device with simple structure, small wind speed gradient difference and uniform distribution, and a grain cleaning machine composed of the wind uniformity device.

[0005] One of the technical solutions adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] A wind uniforming device comprises a wind uniforming cylinder, wherein a spiral air duct is arranged inside the wind uniforming cylinder, air inlets are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner center of the spiral air duct (preferably, the air inlets are arranged horizontally), and the air inlet is provided with an air outlet inclined upward at one end located on the outer side.

[0007] In a certain exemplary embodiment, the cross-section of the spiral air duct is volute-shaped, and the radius of the spiral air duct increases every π / 2 or π radians from the air inlet to the air outlet, each time increasing by 20 to 100 mm, and the radius of the spiral air duct preferably increases by 40 to 60 cm each time.

[0008] The wind uniforming device also includes an air inlet pipe, one end of which is connected to the air inlet, and the air inlet pipe includes a cylindrical body and a positioning ring connected to the air inlet, the inner side surface of the positioning ring is flush with the arc segment inside the spiral air duct, and the outer side surface is connected to the end of the cylindrical body.

[0009] The interior of the spiral air duct is designed with a series of spiral protrusions, which can make the air flow smoother and reduce air resistance, making the wind speed more uniform. The spiral air duct can also change the direction of the wind, so that the wind from the air outlet is tilted upward and blown into the air separation and sedimentation chamber, thereby improving the efficiency of cleaning impurities in the grains.

[0010] Compared with the existing uniform wind device with single-sided air intake, the contralateral air intake of the spiral air duct of the utility model allows air to enter from both sides of the spiral air duct at the same time, which can promote the full mixing of air inside the air duct, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that "single-sided air intake may cause uneven distribution of air inside the air duct, with higher wind speed on one side and lower wind speed on the other side"; secondly, the contralateral air intake can make the air form a more uniform flow path in the spiral air duct, thereby reducing the wind speed gradient of the same cross-section of the spiral air duct, making the wind speed difference at different positions of the same cross-section of the spiral air duct (such as the left side, the middle, and the right side) smaller, and the overall wind speed is more uniform. In addition, the contralateral air intake can balance the air flow, and there is no plug plate, damper or other regulating device in the spiral air duct to disrupt the airflow, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of vortex and turbulence, and help to improve the stability of wind speed and the ventilation efficiency of the spiral air duct. In summary, the uniform wind device of the utility model, the spiral air duct with an air inlet on the opposite side has the advantages of better air mixing, reduced wind speed gradient, reduced vortex and turbulence, and improved overall ventilation efficiency.

[0011] Another technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0012] A grain cleaning machine comprises an air selection and sedimentation chamber, a dust removal device, a fan, a motor and the above-mentioned uniform air flow device, wherein a grain inlet is provided on one side of the air selection and sedimentation chamber, an air inlet connected to the air outlet of the uniform air flow device is provided below the grain inlet, an exhaust port connected to the dust removal device is provided on the side opposite to the grain inlet, and a grain outlet is provided at the bottom; an air collecting box is provided on the top of the dust removal device, and an ash collecting box, a dust outlet and a spiral conveying device are provided at the bottom; the air collecting box is connected to the air inlet of the fan, the fan is connected to the motor and driven by the motor, and the air outlet of the fan is provided with a branch air duct, and the two outlets of the branch air duct are respectively connected to the air inlet of the uniform air flow device through the main air duct.

[0013] Preferably, the air distribution duct includes a main air duct and two branch air ducts, the main air duct and the branch air ducts are connected in a T-shape and are integrally formed, an exhaust duct with an adjustable damper is provided on the lower side wall of the main air duct, and the exhaust duct with the adjustable damper is connected to the secondary dust collector; an air distribution adjustment plate for adjusting the air volume entering the two branch air ducts is provided at the connection between the main air duct and the branch air duct. A high-dust airflow of 5 to 10% of the air volume of the fan outlet is discharged through the exhaust duct with an adjustable damper, so that the static pressure inside the air selection system is slightly lower than the external atmospheric pressure, preventing the dusty airflow from leaking out; at the same time, the fine dust particles in the airflow discharged by the fan are processed by the subsequent secondary dust collector, so that the dust content of the airflow in the air selection system is maintained stable within a certain range, so that the dust content in the airflow circulating inside the grain cleaner is always lower than the control threshold.

[0014] Preferably, the secondary dust collector is a vibrating bag dust collector, a pulse dust collector or other types of air filters.

[0015] In a certain example, the air distribution adjustment plate is inclined toward a side away from the light impurity discharge port of the air separation and settling chamber, and its inclination angle is ≤10°, so that the air volume and wind speed entering the air inlets at both ends of the air uniforming device tend to be the same.

[0016] Preferably, the dust removal device is composed of a plurality of cyclones (i.e., cyclone dust collectors) arranged in an array. By using an array of cyclones, the overall height of the grain cleaning machine can be effectively reduced compared to using a single cyclone or cyclone dust collector.

[0017] The air separation and sedimentation chamber includes a box body, an air separation bin and a sedimentation bin. An observation window is provided on the side wall of the box body, and an air separation partition plate and a sedimentation partition plate are provided inside the box body. The air separation partition plate divides the interior of the box body into an air separation bin and a sedimentation bin. The sedimentation partition plate is arranged on the top of the sedimentation bin to isolate the air inlet area and the exhaust area of ​​the sedimentation bin. A light impurity discharge outlet and a light impurity auger are provided at the bottom of the sedimentation bin. The top of the air separation partition plate and the top and bottom of the sedimentation partition plate are arc-shaped, so that the air flow velocity at the position where eddy currents and turbulence are easily formed in the air separation bin and the sedimentation bin will not be disturbed too much, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air separation bin is much smaller than that of the sedimentation bin, so that the air flow velocity in the air separation bin is greater than the suspension velocity of light impurities and less than the suspension velocity of grain particles, thereby separating grain and light impurities, while the air flow velocity in the sedimentation bin is less than the suspension velocity of light impurities, and light impurities will fall to the bottom of the sedimentation bin; at the same time, the sedimentation partition prevents the impurity-containing air flow coming in from the air inlet of the sedimentation bin from directly passing over the sedimentation bin at a higher speed and rushing to the exhaust outlet of the exhaust area, which is beneficial to the sedimentation of light impurities.

[0018] In order to improve the efficiency and processing continuity of the grain cleaning machine, the grain cleaning machine also includes a feed mixer, an upper vibrating screen, a lower vibrating screen, a belt conveyor and a secondary dust collector. The feed mixer is arranged above the feed port of the upper vibrating screen, the discharge port of the upper vibrating screen is connected to the feed port of the air selection and sedimentation chamber, the discharge port of the air selection and sedimentation chamber is arranged above the lower vibrating screen, and the discharge port of the lower vibrating screen is located above the belt conveyor.

[0019] The side of the air collecting box away from the fan is provided with an air suction port connected to the upper vibrating screen, the lower vibrating screen, the feed homogenizer and the air selection and settling chamber, which can not only replenish air for the fan, but also make up for the part of the air volume discharged from the air outlet of the fan and discharged through the exhaust pipe with an adjustable air door. Under the action of the fan, the air flow forms an internal circulation among the air homogenizing device, the air selection and settling chamber and the dust removal device, which reduces the investment cost and operating energy consumption of the dust removal equipment of the conventional air selection device (compared with the dust removal equipment that filters all the dust-containing airflow, the utility model requires only a filter filter, which can effectively reduce the dust The number of bags or filter elements is reduced by 90%; an electromagnet mechanical dust shaker is used to remove dust adsorbed on the filter bag. Compared with a pulse dust collector, one air compressor is less and the structure is simpler; in a filtering dust removal device that processes all dust-containing gases, all air flows must pass through filter bags or filter elements, which has large wind resistance and pressure loss and requires a larger power fan. The fan of the utility model requires less power and has low operating energy consumption). It can also form a slight negative pressure at the grain inlet of the air separation settling chamber, and the air pressure in the settling bin of the air separation settling chamber and the dust removal device is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

[0020] In order to improve the ease of use of the grain cleaner and the integration of the whole machine, the grain cleaner also includes a mobile body, which consists of an upper frame, a lower frame, a driving wheel and a steering wheel. The feed mixer, the upper vibrating screen, the air separation and sedimentation chamber, the dust removal device, and the secondary dust collector are arranged on the upper frame, the lower vibrating screen is arranged on the lower frame, and the bottom of the lower frame is provided with a driving wheel and a steering wheel.

[0021] The lower vibrating screen comprises an upper screen box and a lower screen box, a vibrating motor and a shock absorber, wherein the vibrating motor is mounted on the screen box and is used to drive the upper screen box and the lower screen box to vibrate, the upper screen box and the lower screen box are vertically stacked and arranged in parallel on the lower frame, the shock absorber is respectively connected to the screen box and the lower frame and is used to play a shock absorbing role, the upper screen box and the lower screen box each comprise a first screen surface for filtering out coarse impurities and a second screen surface for filtering out fine impurities, the first screen surface is located above the second screen surface, the grain outlet of the air selection sedimentation chamber is provided with a grain separation partition and a material flow regulating plate, the lower vibrating screen The feed port of the screen is provided with a guide baffle, which divides the feed port of the lower vibrating screen into two feed channels, and divides the grain after air selection into two equal streams, which fall into the feed channels of the upper screen box and the lower screen box respectively, and then the grain at the grain outlet of the air selection sedimentation chamber is divided into two streams and flows to the first layer of screen surface of the upper screen box and the lower screen box at the same time for vibration screening, and then enters the second layer of screen surface of the upper screen box and the lower screen box in turn for vibration screening and impurity removal, so that the air-selected grain can be screened into coarse impurities, fine impurities and clean grains. The discharge port device includes three discharge ports for discharging coarse impurities, fine impurities and clean grains respectively.

[0022] It should be noted that the screen boxes of the lower vibrating screen of the utility model can also be stacked vertically and arranged in parallel, or arranged horizontally and in parallel, or arranged in an array and arranged side by side. By diverting the grain at the discharge port of the air separation sedimentation chamber and synchronously vibrating and screening it, the processing capacity and processing efficiency of the lower vibrating screen can be improved.

[0023] The utility model vertically stacks and arranges two or more screen boxes with the same working surface width in parallel, thereby increasing the vibration impurity removal processing capacity and processing efficiency of the grains after air selection, thereby solving the problem that the processing capacity of the air selection system of the grain cleaning machine in the prior art is much higher than the processing capacity of the vibrating screen, which affects the overall processing efficiency of the grain cleaning machine.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the wind uniformity device of the utility model:

[0025] The wind uniforming device of the utility model arranges an air inlet on the opposite side to promote the mixing of the air flow in the wind uniforming cylinder, and then promotes the uniformity of the wind speed distribution inside the wind uniforming cylinder by utilizing the spiral air duct in the wind uniforming cylinder, reduces the wind speed distribution gradient at different positions of the wind outlet of the wind uniforming cylinder, reduces the eddy current and turbulence of the wind in the transmission process, and thus makes the wind speed distribution discharged from the air outlet of the wind uniforming device more uniform, thereby meeting the directional and uniform airflow blowing toward the material required for the air selection and sedimentation of the grain cleaning machine.

[0026] Compared with the wind distribution device combined with the wind uniformity plate wind uniformity structure adopted in the existing grain cleaning device, the wind uniformity device of the utility model has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and does not require the staff to frequently adjust the wind uniformity plate, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the grain cleaning machine of the utility model are as follows:

[0028] The grain cleaning machine of the utility model can utilize the wind uniformity device to circulate the air volume discharged by the fan into the air separation and settling chamber for grain impurity removal. The secondary dust collector only needs to process 5-10% of the air volume (i.e., the fan flow rate) required for air separation in the air separation and settling chamber, thereby reducing the operating energy consumption and the investment cost and energy consumption of subsequent dust removal equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 — is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a wind uniformity device in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 2 — is a top view of an air uniformity cylinder of an air uniformity device in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 -for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle AA section;

[0032] Figure 4 — is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the grain cleaning machine in Example 2

[0033] Figure 5 - is a front view of the grain cleaning machine in Example 2;

[0034] Figure 6 — is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of a grain cleaning machine, wherein the arrow points to the direction of wind flow;

[0035] Figure 7 -for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the middle BB section;

[0036] Figure 8 — is a fluid simulation effect diagram of the grain cleaning machine in Example 2 (the flow velocity inside the fan is not shown);

[0037] Fig. 9— is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the grain cleaning machine in Example 3;

[0038] Fig.10 - is a top view of the grain cleaning machine in Example 3;

[0039] Fig.11 -for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the CC section;

[0040] Fig.12 -for Fig.11 Enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0041] In the figure: 1. air duct; 101. air inlet; 102. air outlet; 103. spiral air duct; 2. air inlet pipe; 3. air separation and settling chamber; 301. grain outlet; 302. grain inlet; 303. observation window; 304. air separation chamber; 305. air separation partition; 306. settling chamber; 307. light impurity discharge port; 308. settling partition; 309. air outlet; 4. main air duct; 5. light impurity auger; 6. spiral conveying device; 7. air distribution duct; 701. main air duct; 702. branch air duct; 703. air distribution adjustment plate; 8. exhaust duct with damper; 9. fan; 10. dust removal device; 10 01. Brake dragon; 11. Air collecting box; 1101. Air suction port; 12. Feeding material distributor; 13. Upper vibrating screen; 14. Secondary dust collector; 15. Moving body; 1501. Upper frame; 1502. Lower frame; 1503. Steering wheel; 1504. Driving wheel; 16. Lower vibrating screen; 1601. Vibrating motor; 1602. Shock absorber; 1603. Upper screen box; 16031. First layer of screen surface; 16032. Second layer of screen surface; 1604. Lower screen box; 1605. Feeding port; 1606. Guide baffle; 17. Belt conveyor; 18. Grain separation baffle; 19. Material flow regulating plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 8 A wind uniforming device includes a wind uniforming cylinder 1, wherein a spiral wind duct 103 is arranged inside the wind uniforming cylinder 1, and the spiral wind duct 103 is horizontally symmetrically arranged with air inlets 101 at both ends of the inner center, and an air outlet 102 inclined upward is arranged at one end located on the outer side.

[0045] The cross section of the spiral air duct 103 is volute-shaped, and the radius of the spiral air duct 103 increases by 40 mm every π / 2 radians from the air inlet 101 to the air outlet 102. The spiral air duct 103 continuously expands the radius of curvature so that the wind is fully mixed in the spiral air duct 103, thereby reducing the wind speed difference at different positions in the spiral air duct 103 and improving the uniformity of wind speed distribution.

[0046] The wind uniforming device further comprises an air inlet pipe 2, one end of which is connected to the air inlet 101, and the air inlet pipe 2 comprises a cylindrical body and a positioning ring connected to the air inlet 101, the inner side of the positioning ring is flush with the arc section inside the spiral air duct 103, and the outer side is connected to the end of the cylindrical body. The positioning ring allows the wind in the air inlet pipe 2 to enter symmetrically from the center of the spiral air duct 103, thereby improving the mixing effect of the wind in the spiral air duct 103.

[0047] What needs to be explained is that: the radius of the spiral air duct 103 of the wind uniforming device of the present invention is enlarged every π / 2 radians from the air inlet 101 to the air outlet 102, and can be enlarged by 20mm, 30mm, 50mm, 70mm, 80mm or 100mm each time; or, the radius of the spiral air duct 103 from the air inlet 101 to the air outlet 102 can be enlarged every π radians, and can be enlarged by 30mm, 50mm, 60mm, 80mm, 90mm or 100mm each time; to meet the requirements of uniformity of air volume and wind speed distribution at the air outlet of the wind uniforming device.

[0048] The working principle and use method of a wind uniformity device of the utility model:

[0049] The air inlets 101 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the inner center of the air-uniform cylinder 1 facilitate the rapid mixing of air entering the cylinder, and the spiral air duct 103 makes the air rotate and gradually accelerate while flowing; under the natural upward trend of the air, the upwardly inclined air outlet 102 facilitates the formation of a stable and uniform air flow at the air outlet 102, thereby meeting the subsequent cleaning requirements of the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3 for grain impurities. Figure 8 It can be seen that the distribution gradient of the wind speed entering the center of the spiral air duct 103 through the air inlet pipe 2 is greatly different, the wind flow is continuously spirally mixed in the spiral air duct 103, and the distribution gradient of the wind speed discharged through the exhaust port 309 is small (that is, the wind speed of the spiral air duct 103 is 1 / 2 of the wind flow). Figure 1 The wind speeds at different positions of the same cross section of the middle air outlet 102, such as the left side, the middle, and the right side, tend to be the same, uniform, and stable.

[0050] When in use, the two air inlets 101 of the air uniforming cylinder 1 are connected to the air outlet 102 of the fan 9 through the main air duct 4, and the air outlet 102 is connected to the air inlet 101 of the grain cleaner, so as to achieve uniform dispersion of the airflow discharged by the fan 9, adjust its wind speed to meet the requirements of the grain air selection speed, and efficiently remove light impurities in the grain.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Reference Figures 4 to 8 A grain cleaning machine of the present embodiment comprises an air selection and settling chamber 3, a dust removal device 10, a fan 9, a motor and the above-mentioned uniform air flow device, wherein a grain inlet 302 is provided on one side of the air selection and settling chamber 3, an air inlet 101 connected to an air outlet 102 of the uniform air flow device is provided below the grain inlet 302, an air outlet 309 connected to the dust removal device 10 is provided on the side opposite to the grain inlet 302, and a grain outlet 301 is provided at the bottom thereof; an air collecting box 11 is provided on the top of the dust removal device 10, and an ash collecting box, a dust outlet and a spiral conveying device 6 are provided at the bottom thereof, the air collecting box 11 is connected to the air inlet 101 of the fan 9, the fan 9 is connected to the motor and driven by the motor, the air outlet 102 of the fan 9 is provided with a branch air duct 7, and the two outlets of the branch air duct 7 are respectively connected to the air inlet duct 2 of the uniform air flow device through the main air duct 4.

[0053] The air distribution duct 7 includes a main air duct 701 and two branch air ducts 702, the main air duct 701 and the branch air duct 702 are connected in a T-shape and are integrally formed. An exhaust duct 8 with an adjustable damper is provided on the lower side wall of the main air duct 701, and the exhaust duct 8 with the adjustable damper is connected to the secondary dust collector 14; an air distribution adjustment plate 703 for adjusting the air volume entering the two branch air ducts 702 is provided at the connection between the main air duct 701 and the branch air duct 702. The high dust content airflow of 5-10% of the air volume of the air outlet of the fan 9 is discharged through the exhaust duct 8 with the adjustable damper, so that the static pressure inside the air selection system is slightly lower than the external atmospheric pressure, and the dust-containing airflow is prevented from leaking out; at the same time, the fine dust particles in the airflow discharged by the fan 9 are processed by the subsequent secondary dust collector, so that the dust content of the airflow in the air selection system is maintained stable within a certain range, so that the dust content in the airflow circulating inside the grain cleaning machine is always lower than the control threshold.

[0054] See also Figure 6 The air distribution adjustment plate 703 is inclined away from the side of the air separation and settling chamber 3 where the light impurity discharge port is set, and the inclination angle θ is 5°, so that the air volume and wind speed entering the air inlet 101 at both ends of the uniform air device tend to be the same.

[0055] The grain cleaning machine of this embodiment uses the air distribution pipe 7 to symmetrically distribute the wind flowing out of the fan 9, and then mixes it through the wind uniformity device with symmetrically arranged air inlet 101, so that the wind speed entering the wind selection and settling chamber 3 is uniform and stable. The wind speed distribution in the whole grain cleaning machine is as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, the wind speed distribution gradient difference entering the air separation settling chamber 3 is small, which effectively improves the efficiency of air separation and the quality stability of light impurities in the grain cleaning machine.

[0056] The dust removal device 10 is composed of a plurality of cyclones 1001 arranged in an array. By using the array of cyclones 1001, the overall height of the grain cleaner can be effectively reduced compared to using a single cyclone 1001 or a cyclone dust collector.

[0057] The air separation and sedimentation chamber 3 includes a box body, an air separation bin 304, and a sedimentation bin 306. An observation window 303 is provided on the side wall of the box body, and an air separation partition plate and a sedimentation partition plate 308 are provided inside the box body. The air separation partition plate 305 divides the interior of the box body into the air separation bin 304 and the sedimentation bin 306. The sedimentation partition plate 308 is arranged on the top of the sedimentation bin 306 to isolate the air inlet area and the exhaust area of ​​the sedimentation bin 306. The bottom of the sedimentation bin 306 is provided with a light impurity discharge outlet 307 and a light impurity auger 5.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] See also Figures 9 to 12 A grain cleaning machine of the present embodiment comprises an air selection and settling chamber 3, a dust removal device 10, a fan 9, a motor and the above-mentioned uniform air flow device, wherein a grain inlet 302 is provided on one side of the air selection and settling chamber 3, an air inlet 101 connected to an air outlet 102 of the uniform air flow device is provided below the grain inlet 302, an air outlet 309 connected to the dust removal device 10 is provided on the side opposite to the grain inlet 302, and a grain outlet 301 is provided at the bottom thereof; an air collecting box 11 is provided on the top of the dust removal device 10, and an ash collecting box, a dust outlet and a spiral conveying device 6 are provided at the bottom thereof, the air collecting box 11 is connected to the air inlet 101 of the fan 9, the fan 9 is connected to the motor and driven by the motor, the air outlet 102 of the fan 9 is provided with a branch air duct 7, and the two outlets of the branch air duct 7 are respectively connected to the air inlet duct 2 of the uniform air flow device through the main air duct 4.

[0060] The air distribution duct 7 includes a main air duct 701 and two branch air ducts 702, the main air duct 701 and the branch air duct 702 are connected in a T-shape and are integrally formed. An exhaust duct 8 with an adjustable damper is provided on the lower side wall of the main air duct 701, and the exhaust duct 8 with the adjustable damper is connected to the secondary dust collector 14; an air distribution adjustment plate 703 for adjusting the air volume entering the two branch air ducts 702 is provided at the connection between the main air duct 701 and the branch air duct 702. The high dust content airflow of 5-10% of the air volume of the air outlet of the fan 9 is discharged through the exhaust duct 8 with the adjustable damper, so that the static pressure inside the air selection system is slightly lower than the external atmospheric pressure, and the dust-containing airflow is prevented from leaking out; at the same time, the fine dust particles in the airflow discharged by the fan 9 are processed by the subsequent secondary dust collector, so that the dust content of the airflow in the air selection system is maintained stable within a certain range, so that the dust content in the airflow circulating inside the grain cleaning machine is always lower than the control threshold.

[0061] It should be noted that: according to the structural setting of the conventional grain cleaning machine, the installation position of its fan 9 is not set in the middle of the opposite side of the uniform air device, which will cause differences in the length of the pipes entering the two air inlets 101 of the uniform air cylinder 1. In order to solve the influence of the asymmetric pipeline distribution on the uniform air effect of the uniform air device, the applicant proposes to tilt the air separation adjustment plate 703 to the side away from the light impurity discharge outlet of the air separation and sedimentation chamber, with an inclination angle of ≤10°. Except for the inclination angle θ of 5° shown in the embodiment, technical personnel in this field can adjust the inclination angle of the air separation adjustment plate 703 according to actual conditions, such as 3°, 6°, 8° or 10°, so as to make the air volume and wind speed entering the air inlets 101 at both ends of the uniform air device tend to be the same, thereby further improving the effect of the uniform air device.

[0062] The dust removal device 10 is composed of a plurality of cyclones 1001 arranged in an array. By using the array of cyclones 1001, the overall height of the grain cleaner can be effectively reduced compared to using a single cyclone 1001 or a cyclone dust collector.

[0063] The air separation and sedimentation chamber 3 includes a box body, an air separation bin 304, and a sedimentation bin 306. An observation window 303 is provided on the side wall of the box body, and an air separation partition plate and a sedimentation partition plate 308 are provided inside the box body. The air separation partition plate 305 divides the interior of the box body into the air separation bin 304 and the sedimentation bin 306. The sedimentation partition plate 308 is arranged on the top of the sedimentation bin 306 to isolate the air inlet area and the exhaust area of ​​the sedimentation bin 306. The bottom of the sedimentation bin 306 is provided with a light impurity discharge outlet 307 and a light impurity auger 5.

[0064] The grain cleaning machine also includes a feed mixer 12, an upper vibrating screen 13, a lower vibrating screen 16, a belt conveyor 17 and a secondary dust collector 14. The feed mixer 12 is arranged above the feed port of the upper vibrating screen 13. The discharge port of the upper vibrating screen 13 is connected to the grain feed port 302 of the air selection and sedimentation chamber 3. The grain discharge port 301 of the air selection and sedimentation chamber 3 is arranged above the lower vibrating screen 16. The discharge port of the lower vibrating screen 16 is located above the belt conveyor 17.

[0065] The side of the air collecting box 11 away from the fan 9 is provided with an air suction port 1101 connected to the upper vibrating screen 13, the lower vibrating screen 16, the feed homogenizer 12, and the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3, which can not only replenish air for the fan 9, but also make up for part of the air volume discharged from the air outlet 102 of the fan 9 and discharged through the exhaust duct 8 with an adjustable damper, so that the air flow forms an internal circulation between the air homogenizing device, the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3, and the dust removal device 10 under the action of the fan 9, thereby reducing the investment cost and operating energy consumption of the dust removal equipment of the conventional air separation device, and can also form a slight negative pressure at the grain inlet 302 of the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3, and the air pressure in the sedimentation bin 306 of the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3 and the dust removal device 10 is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

[0066] The grain cleaning machine also includes a mobile body 15, which consists of an upper frame 1501, a lower frame 1502, a driving wheel 1504 and a steering wheel 1503. The feed mixer 12, the upper vibrating screen 13, the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3, the dust removal device 10, and the secondary dust collector 14 are arranged on the upper frame 1501, and the lower vibrating screen 16 is arranged on the lower frame 1502. The bottom of the lower frame 1502 is provided with a driving wheel 1504 and a steering wheel 1503.

[0067] See also Fig.12 The lower vibrating screen 16 includes an upper screen box 1603 and a lower screen box 1604, a vibration motor 1601 and a shock absorber 1602. The vibration motor 1601 is installed on the screen box and is used to drive the upper screen box 1603 and the lower screen box 1604 to vibrate. The upper screen box 1603 and the lower screen box 1604 are vertically stacked and arranged in parallel on the lower frame 1502. The shock absorber 1602 is respectively connected to the upper screen box 1603, the lower screen box 1604 and the lower frame 1502 and is used to play a shock absorbing role. The upper screen box 1603 and the lower screen box 1604 each include a first screen surface 16031 for filtering out coarse impurities and a second screen surface 16032 for filtering out fine impurities. The first screen surface 16031 is located above the second screen surface 16032. The grain outlet 301 of the air selection sedimentation chamber 3 A grain dividing partition 18 and a material flow regulating plate 19 are provided, and the feed port 1605 of the lower vibrating screen 16 is provided with a guide partition 1606, which divides the feed port 1605 of the lower vibrating screen 16 into two feed channels, and divides the grain after air selection into two equal material flows, which fall into the feed channels of the upper screen box 1603 and the lower screen box 1604 respectively, and then the grain at the grain outlet 301 of the air selection sedimentation chamber is divided into two streams and flows to the first layer of screen surface 16031 of the upper screen box 1603 and the lower screen box 1604 at the same time for vibration screening, and then enters the second layer of screen surface 16032 of the upper screen box 1603 and the lower screen box 1604 in turn for vibration screening and impurity removal, so that the air-selected grain can be screened into coarse impurities, fine impurities and clean grains, and the discharge port device includes three discharge ports for discharging coarse impurities, fine impurities and clean grains respectively.

[0068] The grain separation partition 18 is in an eight-shaped or herringbone shape, and the material flow adjustment plate 19 includes a round steel and a steel plate. One end of the round steel extends to the outside of the air separation sedimentation chamber 3 and is connected to a rotating handle. The steel plate is welded to the round steel, and the length of the steel plate is adapted to the grain outlet 301.

[0069] It should be noted that the screen boxes of the lower vibrating screen 16 of the utility model can also be stacked vertically and arranged in parallel, or arranged horizontally and arranged in parallel, or arranged in an array and arranged side by side. By diverting the grain at the discharge port of the air separation sedimentation chamber and synchronously vibrating and screening it, the processing capacity and processing efficiency of the lower vibrating screen 16 can be improved.

[0070] The structure of the shock absorber can adopt the shock absorber disclosed in the prior art, such as the shock absorber structure used in the CN211027038U combined grain cleaning center previously disclosed by the applicant.

[0071] The working principle and use method of the utility model grain cleaning machine:

[0072] In the grain cleaning machine of the utility model, the wind discharged by the fan 9 is divided into two relative air flows through the air distribution pipe 7 at the air outlet 102 and enters the uniform air device. Then, after being fully mixed in the uniform air device, the air flow enters the air selection and settling chamber 3 at a uniform speed to further clean the light impurities of the grain removed by the upper vibrating screen 13. The air-selected grain enters the lower vibrating screen 16 from the grain outlet 301 of the air selection and settling chamber 3 for secondary vibration screening to further remove impurities in the grain. At the same time, the air flow transported into the air selection and settling chamber 3 by the uniform air device selects the material falling into the air selection and settling chamber 3 from the material outlet of the upper vibrating screen 13. The wind separates the material from the light impurities and dust. The light impurities are blown to the settling bin 306 of the air selection and settling chamber 3 and are discharged through the light impurity discharge port 307. The air flow mixed with dust enters the dust removal device 1 through the exhaust port 309. 0 is separated and settled again in the brake dragon 1001, and its fine dust particles are settled in the dust collecting box and then discharged to the outside through the spiral conveying device 6. The wind discharged by the dust removal device 10 enters the air inlet 101 of the fan 9, and the wind sucked from the upper vibrating screen 13, the lower vibrating screen 16, the feed sizing device 12, and the grain inlet 302 of the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3 by the air suction port 1101 of the air collecting box 11 also enters the fan 9 synchronously, making up for part of the air volume discharged by the fan 9 at the air outlet 102 through the exhaust pipe 8 with an adjustable damper, thereby balancing the inlet and outlet air volume of the fan 9 and realizing the internal circulation of the air flow in the grain cleaning machine; and it can make the upper vibrating screen 13, the lower vibrating screen 16, the feed sizing device 12, and the grain inlet 302 of the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3 always maintain a slight negative pressure, so as to prevent dust from overflowing when feeding grain and the dust content in the air separation and sedimentation chamber 3 and the dust removal device 10 from exceeding the threshold.

[0073] The grain cleaning machine of the utility model comprises an upper vibrating screen 13, an air separation and sedimentation chamber 3, a lower vibrating screen 16 and a dust removal device 10, so that impurities and dust in the grain can be fully separated, and the airflow forms an internal circulation inside the air separation equipment of the cleaning machine under the action of the fan 9, saving the equipment investment and operating energy consumption for re-dusting the airflow discharged from the dust removal device 10, and the dust removal and impurity removal effect is good, which greatly improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost, and is suitable for use with granaries.

[0074] The dust removal device 10 of the utility model performs dust removal through its own structure, and comprises two inner and outer cylinders, a conical cylinder, an air inlet, and an ash collecting box. After the dust-laden airflow enters the conical cylinder tangentially along the air inlet on the upper part of the outer cylinder at a relatively high speed, the airflow performs a rotational motion, thereby separating the dust from the airflow and capturing it on the wall of the device by means of centrifugal force, and finally the dust falls from the ash collecting box into the spiral conveying device 6 due to the action of gravity. The secondary dust collector 14 blocks the dust in the airflow through filtering materials (such as dust removal bags). When the dust accumulation on the surface of the filtering materials reaches a certain amount, the filtering materials are vibrated by external force, so that the dust is separated from the filtering materials and falls into the ash hopper. It only performs dust removal on part of the air discharged from the exhaust pipe 8 of the fan 9 with an adjustable damper, and its processing capacity reaches 5-20% of the air volume discharged from the existing primary dust removal device 10, and the investment cost and energy consumption of the equipment are significantly reduced.

[0075] In the description of the present utility model, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A uniform wind device, comprising a uniform wind cylinder (1), characterized in that: The air uniforming cylinder (1) is provided with a spiral air duct (103), the spiral air duct (103) having air inlets (101) symmetrically arranged at two ends of the inner center, and an air outlet (102) inclined upwardly arranged at one end of the outer side, the cross section of the spiral air duct (103) being in the shape of a volute, and the radius of the spiral air duct (103) increasing by 20 to 100 mm every time it passes π / 2 or π radians from the air inlet (101) to the air outlet (102).

2. The wind uniformity device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air uniforming device further comprises an air inlet pipe (2), one end of the air inlet pipe (2) being in communication with the air inlet port (101), the air inlet pipe (2) comprising a cylindrical body connected to the air inlet port (101) and a positioning ring plate, the inner side surface of the positioning ring plate being flush with the arc segment inside the spiral air duct (103), and the outer side surface thereof being connected to the end of the cylindrical body.

3. A grain cleaning machine, characterized in that: It comprises an air selection and settling chamber (3), a dust removal device (10), a fan (9), a motor and the uniform air flow device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a grain inlet (302) is provided on one side of the air selection and settling chamber (3), an air inlet (101) connected to an air outlet (102) of the uniform air flow device is provided below the grain inlet (302), an air outlet (309) connected to the dust removal device (10) is provided on the side opposite to the grain inlet (302), and a grain outlet (301) is provided at the bottom; The dust removal device (10) is provided with an air collecting box (11) at the top, and with an ash collecting box, a dust outlet and a spiral conveying device (6) at the bottom; the air collecting box (11) is in communication with an air inlet (101) of a fan (9); the fan (9) is connected to a motor and driven by the motor; an air outlet (102) of the fan (9) is provided with an air distribution pipe (7); two outlets of the air distribution pipe (7) are respectively in communication with an air inlet pipe (2) of the air uniforming device via a main air pipe (4).

4. The grain cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air distribution duct (7) comprises a main air duct (701) and two branch air ducts (702); the main air duct (701) and the branch air ducts (702) are connected in a T-shape and are integrally formed; an exhaust duct (8) with an adjustable damper is provided on the lower side wall of the main air duct (701); the exhaust duct (8) with the adjustable damper is connected to the secondary dust collector (14); and an air distribution adjustment plate (703) for adjusting the air volume entering the two branch air ducts (702) is provided at the connection between the main air duct (701) and the branch air duct (702).

5. The grain cleaning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air separation adjustment plate (703) is inclined toward a side away from the air separation and settling chamber where the light impurity discharge outlet is arranged, and the inclination angle is ≤10°.

6. The grain cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dust removal device (10) is composed of a plurality of shock dragons (1001) arranged in an array; the air separation and sedimentation chamber (3) comprises a box body, an air separation bin (304), and a sedimentation bin (306); an observation window (303) is provided on the side wall of the box body, and an air separation partition plate and a sedimentation partition plate (308) are provided inside the box body; the air separation partition plate (305) divides the inside of the box body into the air separation bin (304) and the sedimentation bin (306); the sedimentation partition plate (308) is arranged on the top of the sedimentation bin (306) to isolate the air inlet area and the air exhaust area of ​​the sedimentation bin (306); and a light impurity discharge port (307) and a light impurity auger (5) are provided at the bottom of the sedimentation bin (306).

7. The grain cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grain cleaning machine further comprises a feed sizing device (12), an upper vibrating screen (13), a lower vibrating screen (16), a belt conveyor (17) and a secondary dust collector (14); the feed sizing device (12) is arranged above a feed port of the upper vibrating screen (13); a discharge port of the upper vibrating screen (13) is connected to a grain feed port (302) of an air selection and settling chamber; a grain discharge port (301) of the air selection and settling chamber is arranged above a lower vibrating screen (16); and a discharge port of the lower vibrating screen (16) is located above the belt conveyor (17); and a suction port (1101) connected to the upper vibrating screen (13), the lower vibrating screen (16), the feed sizing device (12) and the air selection and settling chamber (3) is provided on a side of the air collecting box (11) away from the fan.

8. The grain cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grain cleaning machine further comprises a mobile body (15), wherein the mobile body (15) comprises an upper frame (1501), a lower frame (1502), a driving wheel (1504) and a steering wheel (1503); the feed mixer (12), an upper vibrating screen (13), an air separation and settling chamber, a dust removal device (10) and a secondary dust collector (14) are arranged on the upper frame (1501); the lower vibrating screen (16) is arranged on the lower frame (1502); and a driving wheel (1504) and a steering wheel (1503) are provided at the bottom of the lower frame (1502).

9. The grain cleaning machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower vibrating screen (16) comprises an upper screen box (1603) and a lower screen box (1604), a vibration motor (1601) and a shock absorber (1602); the vibration motor (1601) is mounted on the screen box and is used to drive the upper screen box (1603) and the lower screen box (1604) to vibrate; the upper screen box (1603) and the lower screen box (1604) are vertically stacked and arranged in parallel on the lower frame (1502); the shock absorber (1602) is respectively connected to the upper screen box (1603), the lower screen box (1604) and the lower frame (1502) and is used to play a shock absorbing role; the upper screen box (1603) and the lower screen box (1604) both comprise a first layer for filtering out coarse impurities; A screen surface (16031) and a second screen surface (16032) for filtering out fine impurities, wherein the first screen surface (16031) is located above the second screen surface (16032), the grain outlet (301) of the air selection and sedimentation chamber (3) is provided with a grain separation partition (18) and a material flow adjustment plate (19), and the feed inlet (1605) of the lower vibrating screen (16) is provided with a flow guide partition (1606), so that the feed inlet (1605) of the lower vibrating screen (16) is divided into two feed channels, and the grain at the grain outlet (301) of the air selection and sedimentation chamber is divided into two streams and simultaneously flows to the first screen surface (16031) of the upper screen box (1603) and the lower screen box (1604) for vibration screening.

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