Shaft type telescopic three-jaw clamp with end drive

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shaft machining, in particular to a telescopic three-jaw clamp with an end drive for shafts. The power shaft drives the power frame to move, the end of the pull rod is hinged to the rotating shaft, the clamping jaw on the pull rod is driven to clamp and position the clamping face of the shaft piece, after all faces except the clamping face are machined firstly, the clamping jaw retreats and loosens and avoids a machining area, the driving component drives the ejector rod to abut against and position the end face of the shaft piece, and then the end face of the shaft piece is machined. The shaft clamping face clamped by the clamping jaw continues to be machined, in this way, machining of all faces is completed through the two working steps, original multi-procedure machining is integrated into one procedure to be completed, and the transfer time between the procedures and the feeding and discharging time are saved; all surfaces are clamped at one time, so that the machining precision is higher, and the production efficiency is higher; and errors caused by multi-sequence clamping and machining are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shaft processing, in particular to a shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive. Background Art

[0002] In the machine tool industry, three-jaw chucks are widely used. They are used in almost all rotary parts processing. One type of three-jaw chuck with an oblique pull can clamp the workpiece radially and pull it back axially at the same time. The workpiece does not float, and is suitable for heavy cutting and forging processing.

[0003] At present, the processing of shaft parts is carried out step by step, and they need to be disassembled many times to complete the processing of all surfaces. The shaft parts require additional transfer time and loading and unloading time. Not only is the processing accuracy low and the clamping is inconvenient, but repeated clamping of the shaft parts will cause uneven clamping force, which has certain limitations for parts with very high processing accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a shaft-type telescopic three-jaw clamp with end drive which can concentrate the original multi-sequence processing into one process, save the transfer time and loading and unloading time between the processes, and complete the clamping of all surfaces at one time.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] A shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive, comprising:

[0007] A base, on which a positioning fixture for positioning the end face of the shaft is provided;

[0008] A clamping assembly is arranged on the base, the clamping assembly includes a plurality of pull rods, a sliding hole is arranged on the base, the pull rods are passed through the joint bearings of the sliding holes, a clamping claw is arranged on the free end of the pull rod, and the end face of the shaft is arranged opposite to the clamping claw;

[0009] A power assembly is arranged on the base, the power assembly comprises a power frame, the power frame is provided with a slot, the slot is provided with a rotating shaft, the end of the pull rod is hinged to the rotating shaft, and the power frame is provided with a power shaft;

[0010] A guide assembly is arranged on the base, the guide assembly comprises a guide block, the guide block is arranged on the base, the guide block is connected to the middle part of the pull rod, and the guide block guides the movement of the pull rod;

[0011] The ejection assembly is arranged on the positioning fixture, and the ejection assembly includes a driving component and at least one ejection rod. The driving component is arranged on the power shaft, and the driving component is connected to the ejection rod. The driving component is used to drive the ejection rod to press against the end face of the shaft to position it.

[0012] In one embodiment of the utility model, the clamping claw includes a clamping block, a fixing protrusion is provided on the clamping block, a fixing groove matching the fixing protrusion is provided on the pull rod, the clamping block is fixedly connected to the pull rod, a clamping end is provided on the clamping block, and a clamping pattern is provided on the clamping end.

[0013] In one embodiment of the utility model, the positioning jig includes a jig seat and a positioning rod, the jig seat is provided with a jig hole, the positioning rod is passed through the jig hole, and the free end of the positioning rod is provided with a positioning tip.

[0014] In one embodiment of the utility model, a ejection hole is provided on the jig seat, the ejection rod is passed through the ejection hole, a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove are provided on the ejection rod, the first limiting groove is arranged opposite to the protrusion on the ejection hole, the free end of the ejection rod is provided with an anti-slip pattern, the second limiting groove is arranged opposite to the positioning top, a movable groove is provided on the positioning rod, and a pin is provided on the jig seat, and the pin is passed through the movable groove.

[0015] In one embodiment of the utility model, the driving component includes a driving shaft, a guide shaft is provided on the base, a driving hole is provided on the guide shaft, the driving shaft is slidably arranged in the driving hole, a driving block is provided at the free end of the driving shaft, the driving block is arranged opposite to the pushing rod, a limiting ring is provided on the driving shaft, and the limiting ring is arranged in the movable gap between the positioning fixture and the base.

[0016] In one embodiment of the utility model, a guide inclined plane is arranged on the guide block, a guide block is arranged on the pull rod, a movable inclined plane is arranged on the guide block, the guide inclined plane is connected to the movable inclined plane, the movable inclined plane is arranged obliquely toward the guide block, and the guide block is arranged opposite to the joint bearing.

[0017] In one embodiment of the utility model, a guide cylinder is provided on the base, a guide cavity is provided in the guide cylinder, the power frame is provided in the guide cavity, an end plate is provided on the guide cylinder, a guide hole is provided on the end plate, the power shaft passes through the guide hole and is connected to the power frame, a guide hole is provided on the power shaft, and the guide shaft passes through the guide hole.

[0018] In one embodiment of the utility model, a buffer plate is provided on the power frame, a plurality of buffer holes are evenly provided on the buffer plate, a buffer spring is provided in the buffer hole, and a free end of the buffer spring is connected to the base.

[0019] In one embodiment of the utility model, the power frame includes a power plate, a fixed plate is arranged on the power plate, a pressing plate is arranged on the power shaft, and end bearings are arranged between the fixed plate and the pressing plate, and between the fixed plate and the buffer plate.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the second limiting groove is smaller than the length of the moving groove.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0022] The power shaft of the utility model drives the power frame to move, and the end of the pull rod is hinged with the rotating shaft, and the clamping claws on the driving pull rod clamp and position the clamping surface of the shaft. After all surfaces except the clamping surface are processed first, the clamping claws retreat, loosen and avoid the processing area, and the driving component drives the ejecting rod to press and position the end surface of the shaft, and continue to process the clamping surface of the shaft clamped by the clamping claws. In this way, the processing of all surfaces is completed in two steps, and the original multi-sequence processing is concentrated in one sequence, which saves the transfer time and loading and unloading time between working procedures; all surfaces are clamped once, and the processing accuracy is higher and the production efficiency is higher; errors caused by multi-sequence clamping and processing are avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the utility model.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. base; 11. guide cylinder; 12. end plate; 13. guide cavity; 2. positioning fixture; 21. fixture seat; 22. fixture hole; 23. positioning rod; 24. positioning top; 3. ejector assembly; 31. ejector hole; 32. ejector rod; 33. second limiting groove; 35. first limiting groove; 36. moving groove; 37. pin; 38. drive shaft; 39. drive block; 39 1. Limiting ring; 4. Clamping claw; 41. Clamping block; 42. Fixing groove; 43. Fixing protrusion; 44. Clamping pattern; 5. Pull rod; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Spherical bearing; 53. Guide block; 54. Guide block; 55. Guide slope; 6. Power frame; 61. Power plate; 62. End bearing; 63. Buffer plate; 64. Buffer spring; 7. Power shaft; 71. Guide shaft; 72. Pressing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-2 As shown, a shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive includes:

[0028] A base 1, on which a positioning fixture 2 for positioning the end surface of the shaft is arranged;

[0029] A clamping assembly is arranged on the base 1, and the clamping assembly includes a plurality of pull rods 5. A sliding hole is arranged on the base 1, and the pull rods 5 are passed through the joint bearings 52 of the sliding hole. A clamping claw 4 is arranged on the free end of the pull rod 5, and the end face of the shaft is arranged opposite to the clamping claw 4;

[0030] A power assembly is arranged on the base 1, and the power assembly includes a power frame 6, the power frame 6 is provided with a slot, the slot is provided with a rotating shaft 51, the end of the pull rod 5 is hinged to the rotating shaft 51, and the power frame 6 is provided with a power shaft 7;

[0031] A guide assembly is arranged on the base 1, and the guide assembly includes a guide block 53, and the guide block 53 is arranged on the base 1, and the guide block 53 is connected to the middle part of the pull rod 5, and the guide block 53 guides the movement of the pull rod 5;

[0032] The ejection assembly 3 is arranged on the positioning fixture 2, and the ejection assembly 3 includes a driving component and at least one ejection rod 32. The driving component is arranged on the power shaft 7, and the driving component is connected to the ejection rod 32. The driving component is used to drive the ejection rod 32 to press against the end face of the shaft to position it.

[0033] The power shaft 7 of the utility model drives the power frame 6 to move, and the end of the pull rod 5 is hinged with the rotating shaft 51, driving the clamping jaws 4 on the pull rod 5 to clamp and position the clamping surface of the shaft. After processing all surfaces except the clamping surface, the clamping jaws 4 retreat and release to avoid the processing area, and the driving component drives the ejecting rod 32 to press and position the end surface of the shaft, and continue to process the clamping surface of the shaft clamped by the clamping jaws 4. In this way, the processing of all surfaces is completed in two steps, and the original multi-sequence processing is concentrated in one sequence, saving the transfer time and loading and unloading time between working procedures; all surfaces are clamped once, the processing accuracy is higher, and the production efficiency is higher; errors caused by multi-sequence clamping and processing are avoided.

[0034] In one embodiment of the utility model, the clamping jaw 4 includes a clamping block 41, a fixing protrusion 43 is provided on the clamping block 41, a fixing groove 42 matching the fixing protrusion 43 is provided on the pull rod 5, the clamping block 41 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 5, a clamping end is provided on the clamping block 41, and a clamping pattern 44 is provided on the clamping end.

[0035] Specifically, the fixing protrusion 43 provided on the clamping block 41 is installed in cooperation with the fixing groove 42, so that the clamping jaw 4 can be quickly assembled, thereby ensuring the installation stability of the clamping jaw 4 and improving the accuracy of clamping the shaft.

[0036] In one embodiment of the utility model, the positioning fixture 2 includes a fixture seat 21 and a positioning rod 23. The fixture seat 21 is provided with a fixture hole 22. The positioning rod 23 is inserted into the fixture hole 22. The free end of the positioning rod 23 is provided with a positioning tip 24.

[0037] Specifically, the positioning center 24 performs centering and positioning on the end face of the shaft, and the driving component drives the ejector rod 32 to press and position the end face of the shaft, and cooperates with the tailstock center on the processing equipment to perform external cylindrical processing. Compared with the traditional three-jaw chuck clamping, all external cylindrical surfaces can be processed, and the clamping surface cannot be processed in the traditional three-jaw clamping.

[0038] In one embodiment of the utility model, a ejection hole 31 is provided on the jig seat 21, and the ejection rod 32 is penetrated through the ejection hole 31. A first limiting groove 35 and a second limiting groove 33 are provided on the ejection rod 32. The first limiting groove 35 is arranged opposite to the protrusion on the ejection hole 31. The free end of the ejection rod 32 is provided with an anti-slip pattern. The second limiting groove 33 is arranged opposite to the positioning top 24. A movable groove 36 is provided on the positioning rod 23. A pin 37 is provided on the jig seat 21, and the pin 37 is penetrated through the movable groove 36.

[0039] Specifically, a first limiting groove 35 and a second limiting groove 33 are provided on the ejection rod 32. The first limiting groove 35 is arranged opposite to the protrusion on the ejection hole 31, and the second limiting groove 33 is arranged opposite to the positioning top 24, so as to limit the position of both ends of the ejection rod 32. The ejection rod 32 pushes the positioning top 24 to move a certain distance toward the end face direction of the shaft. The pin 37 is inserted into the movable groove 36, which can limit the position of the positioning top 24 and ensure effective clamping of the shaft.

[0040] In one embodiment of the utility model, the driving component includes a driving shaft 38, a guide shaft 71 is provided on the base 1, a driving hole is provided on the guide shaft 71, the driving shaft 38 is slidably arranged in the driving hole, a driving block 39 is provided at the free end of the driving shaft 38, the driving block 39 is arranged opposite to the ejecting rod 32, a limiting ring 391 is provided on the driving shaft 38, and the limiting ring 391 is arranged in the movable gap between the positioning fixture 2 and the base 1.

[0041] Specifically, another driving source is connected to the driving shaft 38, and the driving shaft 38 is slidably mounted on the guide shaft 71. The guide shaft 71 can guide the driving shaft 38 to move and ensure the movement accuracy, so that the driving shaft 38 can synchronously push at least one ejecting rod 32 to tighten the shaft. The limiting ring 391 is arranged in the movable gap between the positioning fixture 2 and the base 1, which can limit the movement stroke of the ejecting rod 32 to avoid damage to the shaft.

[0042] In one embodiment of the utility model, a guide slope 55 is provided on the guide block 53, a guide block 54 is provided on the pull rod 5, a moving slope is provided on the guide block 53, the guide slope 55 is connected to the moving slope, the moving slope is arranged obliquely toward the guide block 53, and the guide block 54 is arranged opposite to the joint bearing 52.

[0043] Specifically, the movable inclined plane on the pull rod 5 moves along the guide inclined plane 55, so that the pull rod 5 rotates around the joint bearing 52, and the clamping claw 4 on the pull rod 5 moves toward or away from the shaft, thereby clamping the shaft or retreating to release it and avoid the processing area.

[0044] In one embodiment of the utility model, a guide cylinder 11 is provided on the base 1, a guide cavity 13 is provided in the guide cylinder 11, the power frame 6 is arranged in the guide cavity 13, an end plate 12 is provided on the guide cylinder 11, a guide hole is provided on the end plate 12, the power shaft 7 passes through the guide hole and is connected to the power frame 6, a guide hole is provided on the power shaft 7, and the guide shaft 71 passes through the guide hole.

[0045] Specifically, the guide shaft 71 is arranged on the base 1, and the guide ring is passed through the guide hole. The guide shaft 71 can guide the movement of the power shaft 7, so that the clamping jaws 4 connected to its drive can clamp the shaft synchronously, with higher processing accuracy and higher production efficiency.

[0046] In one embodiment of the utility model, a buffer plate 63 is provided on the power frame 6 , a plurality of buffer holes are evenly provided on the buffer plate 63 , a buffer spring 64 is provided in the buffer hole, and a free end of the buffer spring 64 is connected to the base 1 .

[0047] Specifically, the driving source pushes the power shaft 7 toward the shaft, compresses the buffer spring 64, and after all surfaces except the shaft clamping surface are processed, the driving source and the reaction force of the buffer spring 64 push the power frame 6 away from the shaft, stably restoring the power frame 6 to its initial position, ensuring that the clamping jaws 4 synchronously detach from the shaft clamping surface.

[0048] In one embodiment of the utility model, the power frame 6 includes a power plate 61, a fixed plate is arranged on the power plate 61, a pressing plate 72 is arranged on the power shaft 7, and end bearings 62 are arranged between the fixed plate and the pressing plate 72, and between the fixed plate and the buffer plate 63.

[0049] Specifically, end bearings 62 are provided between the fixed plate and the pressing plate 72, and between the fixed plate and the buffer plate 63. When the multiple pull rods 5 on the power frame 6 are pushed synchronously, due to the bearing steel balls on the end bearings 62, there is a floating gap between the power shaft 7 and the power plate 61, which compensates for the pull rods 5 and the clamps 4, so that the clamps 4 can clamp the shaft more stably, with higher processing accuracy and higher production efficiency.

[0050] At the same time, since the pull rod 5 and the power frame 6 are connected in a hinged manner and the outer wall or inner surface of the shaft has low precision, the power frame 6 using the end bearing 62 can slightly offset the position of the clamp 4, so that multiple clamps 4 can stably grasp the shaft.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the second limiting groove 33 is smaller than the length of the moving groove 36 .

[0052] Specifically, another driving source drives the driving shaft 38 to move toward the positioning fixture 2, so that the ejecting rod 32 can push the positioning top 24 to move a certain distance toward the end face of the shaft. The moving groove 36 limits the moving distance of the positioning rod 23 and the positioning top 24. The positioning top 24 pre-contacts and centers the end face of the shaft to ensure the accuracy of subsequent centering and the runout of the outer circle after processing with higher accuracy. At the same time, after the shaft processing is completed, the ejecting rod 32 pushes the positioning top 24 to move a certain distance toward the end face of the shaft, which can facilitate the removal operation of the shaft. It is easy and reliable to use.

[0053] Usage process

[0054] The fixture of the utility model is loaded onto the clamping device. The power source on the clamping device is respectively connected to the power shaft 7 and the driving shaft 38, and the end face of the shaft is pressed against the positioning top 24. The positioning top 24 and the tailstock top on the clamping device are used to center the shaft. The driving source pushes the power shaft 7 to move in the direction of the shaft, and synchronously drives the pull rod 5 on the power frame 6 to move along the joint bearing 52, so that the clamping claw 4 at the free end of the pull rod 5 moves to the clamping end of the shaft, and continues to drive the pull rod 5 to move so that the moving inclined surface on the pull rod 5 moves along the guide inclined surface 55, so that the pull rod 5 rotates with the joint bearing 52 as the center, so that the clamping claw 4 moves toward the clamping surface of the shaft, until multiple clamping claws 4 clamp and position one end of the shaft, and the processing is completed first except for the clamping of the shaft. After all the surfaces are processed, the driving source pushes the power shaft 7 to move in the direction away from the shaft, so that the moving inclined surface on the pull rod 5 moves along the guide inclined surface 55, and the clamping jaw 4 moves toward the clamping surface away from the shaft, and the pull rod 5 retreats and retracts to give up the clamping surface of the shaft, and another driving source drives the driving shaft 38 to move in the direction of the positioning fixture 2, and pushes the ejector rod 32 to move toward the end face of the shaft until the end face of the shaft is tightly positioned, and the clamping surface of the shaft clamped by the clamping jaw 4 is continued to be processed. In this way, the processing of all surfaces is completed in two steps, and the original multi-sequence processing is concentrated in one sequence, which saves the transfer time and loading and unloading time between processes; all surfaces are clamped once, with higher processing accuracy and higher production efficiency; errors caused by multi-sequence clamping and processing are avoided.

[0055] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by technicians in the technical field on the basis of the present utility model are all within the protection scope of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive, characterized in that: include: A base, on which a positioning fixture for positioning the end face of the shaft is provided; A clamping assembly is arranged on the base, the clamping assembly includes a plurality of pull rods, a sliding hole is arranged on the base, the pull rods are passed through the joint bearings of the sliding holes, a clamping claw is arranged on the free end of the pull rod, and the end face of the shaft is arranged opposite to the clamping claw; A power assembly is arranged on the base, the power assembly comprises a power frame, the power frame is provided with a slot, the slot is provided with a rotating shaft, the end of the pull rod is hinged to the rotating shaft, and the power frame is provided with a power shaft; A guide assembly is arranged on the base, the guide assembly comprises a guide block, the guide block is arranged on the base, the guide block is connected to the middle part of the pull rod, and the guide block guides the movement of the pull rod; The ejection assembly is arranged on the positioning fixture, and the ejection assembly includes a driving component and at least one ejection rod. The driving component is arranged on the power shaft, and the driving component is connected to the ejection rod. The driving component is used to drive the ejection rod to press against the end face of the shaft to position it.

2. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping claw comprises a clamping block, a fixing protrusion is arranged on the clamping block, a fixing groove matching the fixing protrusion is arranged on the pull rod, the clamping block is fixedly connected to the pull rod, a clamping end is arranged on the clamping block, and a clamping pattern is arranged on the clamping end.

3. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning fixture comprises a fixture seat and a positioning rod. The fixture seat is provided with a fixture hole. The positioning rod is inserted into the fixture hole. The free end of the positioning rod is provided with a positioning top.

4. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The jig seat is provided with a ejection hole, the ejection rod is passed through the ejection hole, the ejection rod is provided with a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove, the first limiting groove is arranged opposite to the protrusion on the ejection hole, the free end of the ejection rod is provided with an anti-slip pattern, the second limiting groove is arranged opposite to the positioning top, the positioning rod is provided with a movable groove, and the jig seat is provided with a pin, and the pin is passed through the movable groove.

5. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a driving shaft, a guide shaft is provided on the base, a driving hole is provided on the guide shaft, the driving shaft is slidably arranged in the driving hole, a driving block is provided at the free end of the driving shaft, the driving block is arranged opposite to the ejecting rod, a limiting ring is provided on the driving shaft, and the limiting ring is arranged in the movable gap between the positioning fixture and the base.

6. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide block is provided with a guide slope, the pull rod is provided with a guide block, the guide block is provided with a moving slope, the guide slope is connected to the moving slope, the moving slope is arranged obliquely toward the guide block, and the guide block is arranged opposite to the joint bearing.

7. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The base is provided with a guide cylinder, a guide cavity is provided in the guide cylinder, the power frame is provided in the guide cavity, the guide cylinder is provided with an end plate, a guide hole is provided on the end plate, the power shaft passes through the guide hole and is connected to the power frame, the power shaft is provided with a guide hole, and the guide shaft passes through the guide hole.

8. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power frame is provided with a buffer plate, a plurality of buffer holes are evenly arranged on the buffer plate, buffer springs are arranged in the buffer holes, and the free ends of the buffer springs are connected to the base.

9. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The power frame comprises a power plate, a fixing plate is arranged on the power plate, a pressing plate is arranged on the power shaft, and end bearings are arranged between the fixing plate and the pressing plate, and between the fixing plate and the buffer plate.

10. The shaft-type telescopic three-claw clamp with end drive as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the second limiting groove is smaller than the length of the moving groove.

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