Municipal drainage tunnel lining protection structure suitable for collapsible loess area
By adopting a composite lining structure and a real-time monitoring system in municipal drainage tunnels in trapped loess areas, the problem of tunnels being vulnerable to damage in trapped loess areas is solved, and the safety and stability of the tunnel and the waterproofing effect are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421657598.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-12
AI Technical Summary
In the wet loess area, municipal drainage tunnels face problems such as uneven settlement and structural cracking, and are susceptible to damage caused by surface water and groundwater.
The composite lining structure is adopted that includes monitoring components, initial support structure, waterproof layer and secondary lining structure to monitor the humidity and displacement in real time, the waterproof layer blocks water leakage, and the initial support structure and secondary lining structure provide stability and waterproof performance.
Effectively reduce the infiltration of water inside the tunnel into the outer surrounding rock and soil, ensure the safety and stability of the tunnel, and timely discover potential safety hazards through real-time monitoring, and improve the waterproofing effect and structural stability of the tunnel.
Smart Images
Figure CN222848218U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and water conservancy engineering, in particular to a municipal drainage tunnel lining protection structure suitable for collapsible loess areas. Background Art
[0002] Due to its special physical and chemical properties, collapsible loess is prone to collapse under the action of water, causing ground subsidence, deformation and even destruction. Traditional municipal drainage tunnels often face great challenges in such areas, such as uneven settlement and structural cracking.
[0003] At present, municipal drainage tunnels are located in collapsible loess zones. On the one hand, it is necessary to prevent the poor waterproofing effect of the tunnel itself, which may cause local leakage and cause damage to the collapsible loess; on the other hand, most municipal drainage tunnels are buried at a shallow depth, and the collapsible loess itself may be damaged by the infiltration of surface water, groundwater, etc., which in turn leads to adverse effects on the tunnel structure. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: in view of the above existing problems, a municipal drainage tunnel lining protection structure suitable for collapsible loess areas is provided.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas, characterized by comprising:
[0006] A monitoring component is arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel excavation, and the monitoring component is used to monitor the humidity and displacement of the surrounding rock of the tunnel in real time;
[0007] An initial support structure is provided on the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surrounding rock, and the inner wall of the initial support structure is provided with a secondary lining structure;
[0008] A waterproof layer is provided between the primary support structure and the secondary lining structure, and is used to prevent the water inside the tunnel from being discharged into the external surrounding rock and soil.
[0009] Through the above-mentioned technical means, a waterproof layer is set between the initial support structure and the secondary lining structure to form a composite lining structure, which can effectively reduce the infiltration of water inside the tunnel into the surrounding rock and soil outside the tunnel, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the tunnel. At the same time, the monitoring components are used to monitor the humidity and displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock in real time, and the structural stability of the soil around the tunnel can be monitored in real time during the construction and operation periods, so as to timely discover and respond to potential safety hazards.
[0010] In some embodiments, the initial support structure includes an advance small conduit, a steel arch frame, mesh steel bars, anchor rods and anchor pipe assemblies and a concrete layer. The steel arch frame and the mesh steel bars are arranged along the entire section of the tunnel. The advance small conduits are arranged at intervals along the top arch. The advance small conduits are used for grouting to reinforce the surrounding rock and soil layers. The anchor rods and anchor pipe assemblies are arranged at the top and waist of the arch. The concrete layer covers the steel arch frame and the mesh steel bars. The steel arch frame, the mesh steel bars and the anchor rods and anchor pipe assemblies are all connected.
[0011] In some embodiments, the anchor rod and anchor pipe assembly includes a full-length bonded mortar anchor rod and a locking foot anchor pipe, the full-length bonded mortar anchor rod is arranged within 180° of the top arch, and the locking foot anchor pipe is arranged at the arch waist on both sides.
[0012] In some embodiments, if the tunnel line is above the groundwater, the advance small conduit grouting uses cement slurry; if the tunnel line is below the groundwater, the advance small conduit grouting uses cement-water glass double liquid slurry.
[0013] In some embodiments, the concrete layer includes a C25 shotcrete layer and a C20 fine stone concrete protective layer, the C25 shotcrete layer covers the steel arch frame and the mesh steel bars, and the C20 fine stone concrete protective layer is arranged on the top of the C25 shotcrete layer located at the bottom of the arch.
[0014] In some embodiments, the arch is provided with drainage holes and grouting pipes, and the grouting pipes are connected to the steel arch frame.
[0015] In some embodiments, the secondary lining structure includes a C35 abrasion-resistant and waterproof reinforced concrete layer, and the lining thickness is 50 cm.
[0016] In some embodiments, the water-stopping material of the waterproof layer includes polyethylene foam board, water-swellable water-stopping glue, and embedded steel-edged rubber water-stopping strip.
[0017] In some embodiments, the monitoring component includes a soil moisture sensor and a displacement sensor, and the soil moisture sensor and the displacement sensor are installed at the junction of the surrounding rock and the initial support structure.
[0018] In some embodiments, the internal drainage tunnel of the secondary lining structure has a horseshoe-shaped cross-section.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0020] 1. A composite lining structure is formed by the initial support structure, waterproof layer and secondary lining structure, which not only ensures the stability of the tunnel itself, but also improves the waterproof effect of the tunnel itself, reduces the risk of water leakage from the tunnel to the external soil layer affecting the safety and stability of the tunnel, and uses monitoring components to monitor the rock and soil layer outside the tunnel. By monitoring the humidity and structural stability of the soil layer during the construction and operation periods, timely response measures can be taken when the soil layer is damaged by infiltration and invasion of surface water, groundwater, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the initial support structure in this application.
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the secondary lining structure in this application.
[0023] Description of reference numerals:
[0024] 1. Drainage tunnel; 2. Advance small conduit; 3. Full-length bonded mortar anchor rod; 4. Steel arch frame; 5. Mesh reinforcement; 6. C25 shotcrete layer; 7. C20 fine stone concrete protective layer; 8. Locking foot anchor pipe; 9. Grouting pipe; 10. Drainage hole; 11. C35 anti-abrasion and waterproof reinforced concrete layer; 12. Monitoring components.
[0025] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment." The appearance of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. The particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with the present disclosure.
[0026] The term "comprising" is open ended. As used in the appended claims, the term does not exclude additional structures or steps.
[0027] "First," "second," etc. As used herein, these terms act as labels for the nouns that precede them and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.). DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present utility model, the technical solution of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0029] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment is a municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas, including a monitoring component 12, an initial support structure, a waterproof layer and a secondary lining structure. The surrounding rock of the tunnel excavation is provided with an initial support structure, a waterproof layer and a secondary lining structure from the outside to the inside. The waterproof layer is used to prevent the water inside the tunnel from leaking into the external surrounding rock soil. A monitoring component 12 is provided at the junction of the initial support structure and the surrounding rock. The monitoring component 12 is used to monitor the humidity and displacement of the tunnel surrounding rock in real time.
[0030] In some embodiments, the initial support structure includes an advance small conduit 2, a steel arch frame 4, mesh steel bars 5, anchor rods and anchor pipe assemblies and a concrete layer. The entrance section of the tunnel is provided with a φ108 large pipe shed, and mesh steel bars 5 of φ8@150×150mm are arranged on the entire section. I16 steel arch frames 4 are arranged on the entire section with a spacing of 0.5m. φ42 advance small conduits 2 are arranged within 180° of the top arch, L=3.5m, the circumferential spacing of the advance small conduits 2 is 0.4m, and the longitudinal spacing is 1.5m. The advance small conduits 2 are used for grouting reinforcement of the surrounding rock and soil layers. Anchor rods and anchor pipe assemblies are arranged at the top and waist of the arch, and the concrete layer covers the steel arch frame 4 and mesh steel bars 5. In the initial support structure, the steel arch frame 4, mesh steel bars 5 and the anchor rods and anchor pipe assemblies are welded at their respective joints.
[0031] Furthermore, the anchor rod and anchor pipe assembly includes a full-length bonded mortar anchor rod 3 and a locking anchor pipe 8. A φ22 full-length bonded mortar anchor rod 3 is arranged within 180° of the top arch, L=3.0m (2.9m into the rock, 0.1m exposed), with a longitudinal spacing of 1m. Two locking anchor pipes 8 are arranged on the lower side of each top arch, injected with cement slurry, and a φ42 steel pipe with a length of L=3.0m is used.
[0032] Furthermore, before excavation, the upper section of the small advance conduit 2 is used for grouting to pre-reinforce the soil layer. If the tunnel line is above the groundwater, cement slurry is used for grouting of the small advance conduit 2. If the tunnel line is below the groundwater, cement-water glass double liquid slurry is used for grouting of the small advance conduit 2.
[0033] Furthermore, the concrete layer includes a C25 shotcrete layer 6 and a C20 fine stone concrete protective layer 7. The C25 shotcrete layer 6 covers the steel arch frame 4 and the mesh steel bars 5. The C20 fine stone concrete protective layer 7 is arranged on the top of the C25 shotcrete layer 6 located at the bottom of the arch. The thickness of the C25 shotcrete layer 6 is 20 cm, and the thickness of the C20 fine stone concrete protective layer 7 is 7 cm, which can meet the requirements for the passage of personnel and equipment during the construction period.
[0034] Furthermore, grouting pipes 9 and temporary drainage holes 10 are arranged at the arch top. The longitudinal row spacing of the grouting pipes 9 is 2m, 0.1m into the ground, and a φ42 steel pipe is pre-buried. The grouting pipes 9 are welded to the steel arch frame 4. When spraying concrete, the exposed ends are sealed with cotton yarn for protection. The drainage holes 10 are arranged with 5 holes in each row, and the longitudinal row spacing is 3m.
[0035] Furthermore, the secondary lining structure includes a C35 abrasion-resistant and waterproof reinforced concrete layer 11, and the thickness of the lining is 50 cm. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the drainage tunnel 1 is horseshoe-shaped, and the horseshoe-shaped end face can better adapt to external load conditions.
[0036] In some implementation schemes, a waterproof layer is laid over the entire section between the primary support structure and the secondary lining structure. The waterproof layer mainly uses polyethylene foam boards, water-swelling waterstop glue, embedded steel-edge rubber waterstop and other water-stopping materials. The waterproof layer is used to prevent water from flowing out of the drainage tunnel 1 and affecting the safety and stability of the external loess body.
[0037] In some embodiments, the monitoring component 12 includes a soil moisture sensor and a displacement sensor, which are installed at intervals at the junction of the surrounding rock and the initial support structure. The soil moisture sensor is used to monitor the moisture conditions in the surrounding rock soil, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the structural stability of the surrounding rock soil. The soil moisture sensor and the displacement sensor are used in combination to facilitate real-time detection of the moisture and structural stability of the soil around the drainage tunnel 1 during the construction and operation periods, and to promptly discover potential safety hazards so as to facilitate timely response.
[0038] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas, characterized in that: include: A monitoring component (12) is arranged in the surrounding rock of the tunnel excavation, and the monitoring component (12) is used to monitor the humidity and displacement of the surrounding rock of the tunnel in real time; An initial support structure is provided on the inner wall of the tunnel excavation surrounding rock, and the inner wall of the initial support structure is provided with a secondary lining structure; A waterproof layer is provided between the primary support structure and the secondary lining structure, and is used to prevent the water inside the tunnel from being discharged into the external surrounding rock and soil; The initial support structure comprises an advance small conduit (2), a steel arch frame (4), mesh steel bars (5), an anchor rod and an anchor pipe assembly and a concrete layer. The steel arch frame (4) and the mesh steel bars (5) are arranged along the entire section of the tunnel. The advance small conduit (2) is arranged at intervals along the top arch in an annular direction. The advance small conduit (2) is used for grouting to reinforce the surrounding rock and soil layer. The anchor rod and the anchor pipe assembly are arranged at the top and waist of the arch. The concrete layer covers the steel arch frame (4) and the mesh steel bars (5). The steel arch frame (4), the mesh steel bars (5) and the anchor rod and the anchor pipe assembly are all connected. The monitoring component (12) comprises a soil moisture sensor and a displacement sensor, wherein the soil moisture sensor and the displacement sensor are installed at the junction of the surrounding rock and the initial support structure.
2. According to claim 1, a municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas is characterized by: The anchor rod and anchor pipe assembly comprises a full-length bonded mortar anchor rod (3) and a locking foot anchor pipe (8), wherein the full-length bonded mortar anchor rod (3) is arranged within a 180° range of the top arch, and the locking foot anchor pipe (8) is arranged at the waist of the arch on both sides.
3. The municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: If the tunnel line is above the groundwater, cement slurry is used for grouting the advance small conduit (2); if the tunnel line is below the groundwater, cement-water glass double liquid slurry is used for grouting the advance small conduit (2).
4. The municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The concrete layer comprises a C25 shotcrete layer (6) and a C20 fine stone concrete protective layer (7), the C25 shotcrete layer (6) covers the steel arch frame (4) and the mesh steel bars (5), and the C20 fine stone concrete protective layer (7) is arranged on the top of the C25 shotcrete layer (6) located at the bottom of the arch.
5. The municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The arch top is provided with drainage holes (10) and grouting pipes (9), and the grouting pipes (9) are connected to the steel arch frame (4).
6. The municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The secondary lining structure comprises a C35 anti-abrasion and waterproof reinforced concrete layer (11), and the lining thickness is 50 cm.
7. The municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water-stopping materials of the waterproof layer include polyethylene foam board, water-expanding water-stopping glue, and embedded steel-edge rubber water-stopping strip.
8. The municipal drainage tunnel lining structure suitable for collapsible loess areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The internal drainage tunnel (1) of the secondary lining structure has a horseshoe-shaped cross section.