Centrifugal extractor and centrifugal mechanism thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a centrifugal extractor and a centrifugal mechanism thereof, and relates to the technical field of medium separation equipment, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a rotary drum assembly and a transmission shaft, the rotary drum assembly comprises a weir plate detachably connected to the rotary drum assembly and a blade assembly arranged in the rotary drum assembly, a channel is arranged on the weir plate, and the transmission shaft is arranged on the transmission shaft. The blade assembly comprises a connecting base, a center shaft and blades, a center hole is formed in the center shaft, the connecting base is stacked at the upper end of the center shaft, and a through hole is coaxially formed in the connecting base; the transmission shaft penetrates through the weir plate through the channel; a positioning hole section is arranged on the through hole, and a positioning shaft section is arranged on the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft is embedded into the center shaft through the center hole, the lower end of the transmission shaft is located at the position of a hole opening in the lower end of the center hole, an axial limiting piece is arranged at the lower end of the transmission shaft, and the centrifugal extractor comprises the centrifugal mechanism. According to the technical scheme, the weir plate is convenient to replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medium separation equipment, in particular to a centrifugal extractor and a centrifugal mechanism thereof. Background Art

[0002] Centrifugal extractor (centrifuge) is a liquid-liquid separation device, specifically used for centrifugal separation of liquid phases with different densities. Its principle is that the medium in a mixed state forms a two-phase dispersed flow in the drum under centrifugal force. For example, in a vertically arranged drum, when the fluid in the drum rotates at high speed under the action of blades rotating synchronously with the drum, the heavy phase medium with high density moves to the outside of the drum. Therefore, the medium with high density has the characteristic of being distributed on the outside of the drum, and the light phase medium with low density has the characteristic of being distributed on the inside of the drum. Furthermore, the heavy phase medium is discharged through the heavy phase medium outlet and the light phase medium is discharged through the light phase medium outlet, so that the incompatible media can be separated and the extraction purpose can be achieved.

[0003] The main structure of the common centrifugal extractor at present is a technical solution provided in the patent application document with patent application number CN96250989.2, including a liquid inlet, a drum and a driving mechanism. A central shaft is provided in the drum, a blade (flow equalizing plate) is installed on the central shaft, and the central shaft is connected to a driving motor. With the increase of the rotation speed of the centrifugal extractor, the existing centrifugal extractor includes a structural design without an impeller, and the inlet of the medium on the extractor is located above the inlet of the drum medium. Specifically, the medium enters the gap between the outer cylinder and the drum through the nozzle on the outer cylinder, and the power source for the medium to enter the drum includes the force of the rotating drum on the medium. After the medium enters the drum, under the action of the blades, the heavy phase medium moves toward the side wall of the drum, and the light phase medium converges toward the center of the drum. The outlet of the heavy phase medium is generally the channel in the center of the weir plate, and the weir plate is arranged at the top of the drum.

[0004] At the same time, in order to ensure the separation effect, the existing technology can use two means to adjust the position distribution of the heavy phase medium and the light phase medium in the radial direction of the drum. One of the means is to adjust the speed of the driving motor, and the other is to adjust the size of the channel on the weir plate. In practice, when the method of adjusting the speed of the driving motor cannot achieve the desired separation effect, the solution of replacing the weir plate with different channel sizes is adopted.

[0005] Centrifugal extractor is a highly efficient separation equipment for liquid phase separation. In order to promote its application, it is necessary to further optimize its structure. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problem of further optimizing the structure of the centrifugal extractor, the utility model provides a centrifugal extractor and a centrifugal mechanism thereof. The solution proposes a technical solution for conveniently replacing the weir plate.

[0007] In view of the above problems, the centrifugal extractor and its centrifugal mechanism provided by the utility model solve the problems through the following technical points: the centrifugal extractor centrifugal mechanism comprises a drum assembly and a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is used to drive the drum assembly to rotate, the drum assembly comprises a weir plate detachably connected to the upper end of the drum assembly and a blade assembly arranged on the inner side of the drum assembly, the weir plate is provided with a channel as a heavy phase medium outlet, the blade assembly comprises a connecting seat, a central shaft and blades, the central shaft is coaxially provided with a central hole, the blades are arranged on the side of the central shaft, the connecting seat is stacked on the upper end of the central shaft, and the connecting seat is coaxially provided with a through hole;

[0008] The transmission shaft passes through the weir plate through the channel and forms a clearance fit relationship with the channel;

[0009] The through hole is provided with a positioning hole section, the transmission shaft is provided with a positioning shaft section, the transmission shaft passes through the connecting seat through the through hole, the positioning shaft section is matched in the positioning hole section, and the positioning shaft section is used to limit the connecting seat from sliding along the axis direction of the transmission shaft toward the side where the weir plate is located;

[0010] The transmission shaft is embedded in the central shaft through the central hole, the lower end of the transmission shaft is located at the hole position at the lower end of the central hole, and an axial limiter is arranged at the lower end of the transmission shaft. The axial limiter can be detached from the transmission shaft, and the axial limiter is used to limit the central shaft from sliding along the transmission shaft in the direction away from the weir plate.

[0011] In the prior art, one type of centrifugal extractor has the following structural form: it includes an outer cylinder, a centrifugal mechanism is arranged inside the outer cylinder, and also includes a driving mechanism fixed to the outer cylinder, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, and the transmission shaft of the centrifugal mechanism is connected to the driving motor. When the driving motor rotates, the centrifugal separation mechanism as a whole rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft. More specifically, a liquid inlet pipe is connected to the outer cylinder, and a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the drum assembly. The liquid inlet cavity is connected to the inner side of the drum through the channel on the bottom side of the drum. After the medium enters the centrifugal mechanism, under the action of the pressure difference and the action of the blades, the medium has a spiral and upward flow state. In this process, the heavy phase medium on the inner side of the centrifugal mechanism is enriched toward the outer wall of the drum assembly, and the light phase medium is enriched toward the outer center of the drum assembly. The heavy phase medium further flows upward to the weir plate position through the gap between the connecting seat and the drum, and flows out of the centrifugal mechanism through the heavy phase medium outlet thereon at the weir plate position. The light phase medium further flows out of the centrifugal mechanism through the light phase medium outlet arranged on the connecting seat and intersecting with the through hole, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the heavy phase medium from the light phase medium.

[0012] Therefore, in specific use, since the through hole on the weir plate on the centrifugal extractor serves as the heavy phase medium outlet, the heavy phase medium outlet has a throttling effect on the heavy phase medium, and the flow area of ​​the channel will affect the distribution of the heavy phase medium and the light phase medium in the centrifugal mechanism, and the distribution of the heavy phase medium and the light phase medium will affect the liquid discharge of different medium outlets of the centrifugal extractor. Therefore, in the prior art, according to the specific situation of the separated medium, when adjusting the speed of the driving motor cannot achieve the desired separation effect, a treatment solution of replacing the weir plate with different channel sizes can be adopted. On this basis, the present solution provides a technical solution for convenient replacement of the weir plate.

[0013] In this solution, the transmission shaft is used to drive the drum assembly to rotate, and the drum assembly needs to be fixed to a fixed position on the transmission shaft. In the specific structural design, it is set to have a positioning hole section on the connecting seat and a positioning shaft section on the transmission shaft. For the assembly formed by the blade assembly and the connecting seat, the matching relationship formed by the positioning shaft section and the positioning hole section will prevent the assembly from sliding further upward along the transmission shaft. It is set to also include an axial limiter located at the lower end of the transmission shaft. The matching relationship between the axial limiter and the central axis will prevent the assembly from sliding further downward along the transmission shaft. For the transmission shaft, the assembly is finally clamped between the positioning shaft section and the axial limiter, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing the drum assembly to have a fixed position on the transmission shaft. The matching clearance between the rotating shaft and the channel is the actual medium channel of the heavy phase medium outlet.

[0014] At the same time, for the drum assembly, since the axial limit member can be detached from the transmission shaft, after the axial limit member is removed, the drum assembly can be pulled out from the lower end of the transmission shaft, so that the drum assembly with the weir plate can be separated from the centrifugal extractor, so that the upper end of the drum assembly is exposed to the open operating space to complete the weir plate replacement operation; when installing the drum assembly, first insert the connecting seat on the transmission shaft from the bottom to the top from the bottom of the positioning shaft section to complete the matching of the positioning hole section and the positioning shaft section, and then complete the connection of the axial limit member on the transmission shaft to fix the drum assembly to have a fixed position on the transmission shaft.

[0015] In summary, this solution not only proposes a technical solution that can replace the weir plate so that the centrifugal mechanism can better adapt to the medium to be treated, but also has a simple structure, is easy to operate and disassemble the drum assembly on the drive shaft, and is simple to operate and disassemble the drum assembly itself.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the centrifugal mechanism:

[0017] In specific applications, in order to utilize the positioning hole section and the positioning shaft section to realize the terminal position positioning when the connecting seat slides upward on the axis of the transmission shaft, a step surface can be used for positioning, but a better application is: the positioning hole section is a tapered hole with the small end at the lower end, and the positioning shaft section is a tapered shaft with the small end at the lower end. By adopting this solution, the matching relationship between the tapered hole and the tapered shaft can be utilized to realize the positioning of the connecting seat in the radial direction of the transmission shaft, so as to facilitate the dynamic balance control of the centrifugal mechanism. In specific implementation, after the positioning shaft section is embedded in the positioning hole section, the tapered hole and the tapered shaft are completely fitted, that is, the tapered hole and the tapered shaft have exactly the same size, and the matching surface formed is a cone surface.

[0018] As a specific form of transmission shaft and assembly method with a drum assembly, the transmission shaft includes a rotor and a tension screw;

[0019] The positioning shaft section is located at the lower end of the rotor, and the axial limiter is a screw cap at the lower end of the tension screw;

[0020] The lower end of the rotor is provided with an internal thread hole, the upper end of the tension screw is provided with an external thread section, and the tension screw and the rotor are connected in the following manner: the external thread section is threadedly connected in the internal thread hole;

[0021] The screw cap limits the central axis axially in the following manner: the screw cap and the central axis are pressed against each other;

[0022] The extrusion method is any of the following:

[0023] The outer side of the screw cap and the hole wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole are squeezed against each other;

[0024] The outer side of the screw cap and the lower end of the central shaft are pressed against each other.

[0025] The above scheme is that the upper end of the transmission shaft is a rotor, which can be directly the rotor of the driving motor or an intermediate transmission rod connecting the driving motor and the tension screw. In specific applications, relative to the rotor, the connecting seat can be embedded from the bottom to the top from the lower end of the rotor to complete the matching of the connecting seat and the positioning shaft section, and then the upper end of the blade assembly with the tension screw inserted is docked with the lower end of the connecting seat, and the blade assembly is connected to the lower end of the connecting seat by rotating the screw cap, and then the lower drum described below is connected to the upper drum; when the weir plate needs to be replaced, after disassembling the lower drum, the tension screw is disassembled using a tool docked with the screw cap, and then the remaining drum assembly part can be pulled out from the lower end of the rotor, so that the drum assembly is exposed to an open environment to complete the subsequent weir plate replacement operation.

[0026] As for the implementation method of axially limiting the center axis by the screw cap, the preferred application is to use the method of mutual compression between the outer side of the screw cap and the wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole. This method will make the space below the blades in the drum assembly smaller, so as to reduce the volume of the space and the requirement of the centrifugal mechanism for the volume of the processed medium. Furthermore, it is configured that the countersunk section is a conical section with a lower end diameter greater than an upper end diameter, and the upper end of the screw cap is a columnar structure with a small end located at the upper end, and the columnar structure has the same shape as the conical section. In this way, when assembling the tension screw, the position of the blade assembly in the radial direction of the drive shaft can be adjusted by mutual compression between the conical section and the columnar structure, so as to achieve the purpose of facilitating the dynamic balance adjustment of the drum assembly. As a technician in this field, the ideal state is that the center of gravity of the drum assembly is located on the axis of the drive shaft.

[0027] As a specific transmission shaft form and assembly method with a drum assembly, the transmission shaft includes a connecting rod, the positioning shaft section is located on the connecting rod, and the axial limiter is a locking screw threadedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod;

[0028] The locking screw limits the central axis axially in the following manner: the screw cap of the locking screw and the central axis are pressed against each other;

[0029] The extrusion method is any of the following:

[0030] The outer side of the nail cap and the hole wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole are squeezed against each other;

[0031] The outer side of the nail cap and the lower end of the central shaft are pressed against each other.

[0032] The above scheme is a parallel scheme including the tension screw scheme as above, and there is a difference. The scheme including the tension screw is preferably used in that the rotor is the rotor of the driving motor, that is, the scheme including the tension screw puts forward requirements on the shape of the lower end of the rotor. In order to facilitate the configuration of the driving mechanism, a scheme is proposed to set the positioning shaft section on the connecting rod. Specifically, the upper end of the positioning shaft section can be coaxially connected to the rotor through a coupling. When installing the drum assembly, the upper drum connected to the weir plate is first installed on the connecting rod from the lower end of the connecting rod, and then the blade assembly is sleeved on the connecting rod, and then the blade assembly is locked on the connecting rod by the locking screw, and then the lower drum is installed.

[0033] Similar to the above scheme, regarding the matching method of the nail cap and the center axis, the better application is to use the method of mutual extrusion between the outer side of the nail cap and the hole wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole. This method will make the space below the blades in the drum assembly smaller, so as to reduce the volume of the space and reduce the requirements of the centrifugal mechanism for the volume of the processed medium; further, it is set that the countersunk section is a conical section with a lower end diameter greater than the upper end diameter, and the upper end of the nail cap is a columnar structure with a small end located at the upper end, and the columnar structure has the same shape as the conical section. In this way, when assembling the locking screw, the position of the blade assembly in the radial direction of the drive shaft can be adjusted by mutual extrusion between the conical section and the columnar structure, so as to achieve the purpose of facilitating the dynamic balance adjustment of the drum assembly: as a technician in this field, the ideal state is that the center of gravity of the drum assembly is located on the axis of the drive shaft.

[0034] The drum assembly further has the following structural form: the drum assembly comprises an upper drum and a lower drum, the upper end of the upper drum is threadedly connected to the lower end of the lower drum;

[0035] The blade assembly is arranged in a cavity inside the lower drum, the side wall of the cavity is provided with a strip groove, and the side edge of the blade is embedded in the strip groove; the cavity is a conical cavity with a lower end diameter smaller than an upper end diameter, and the blade is a sheet structure with a lower end width smaller than an upper end width;

[0036] The connecting seat is arranged in the cavity inside the upper drum and clamped between the weir plate and the blade assembly;

[0037] The upper end of the blade is convex relative to the upper end of the central axis, and a groove is provided on the inner side of the convex part of the blade relative to the central axis. The space enclosed by the inner side of the upper end of the blade is connected with the orifice at the lower end of the through hole, and also includes a light phase medium outlet arranged on the connecting seat, and the orifice on the inner side of the light phase medium outlet is connected with the through hole.

[0038] In the above scheme, the detachably connected upper drum and lower drum form an installation space for the blade assembly and the connecting seat, and a heavy phase medium outlet is formed on the weir plate, and a light phase medium outlet is formed on the connecting seat. The matching relationship formed by the blade and the strip groove is equivalent to the matching relationship between the spline shaft and the spline hole, so that the torque is transmitted to the drum through the blade. The cavity is a conical cavity to achieve: the structure surrounded by the blade is a conical structure, and the shape of the cavity is adapted to the cone structure. In this way, the above cavity can have the characteristics of gradually increasing radial dimensions of the cavity from bottom to top in the axial direction of the central axis, and the linear velocity of the blade boundary has the characteristics of increasing successively from bottom to top. On the basis of this structure, from the perspective of blade shape and cavity shape, this solution has a smaller space between the blade assembly and the drum compared to the existing equal-diameter cavity and blade-enclosed structure, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the liquid retention in the drum assembly, reducing the liquid retention after separation, and reducing the minimum processing volume requirements. At the same time, in the process of liquid moving from bottom to top in the drum assembly, the linear speed of each position on the outer side of the blade increases from bottom to top in sequence, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring the separation effect. At the same time, the size of the cavity at the upper end of the blade in the drum assembly can make the heavy phase medium and the light phase medium have a very obvious position distribution, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring the separation effect. In specific use, the inner wall of the cavity on the drum for accommodating the blade structure is set to have the same taper as the structure formed by the blade, and the blade is embedded in the strip groove on the inner side of the drum as a whole or partially in the strip groove on the inner side of the drum.

[0039] Regarding the groove: when the light phase medium enters the groove from the inner side of the upper end of the blade, it can be considered that it is no longer directly affected by the rotating blades, so that a larger space can be formed between the inner sides of the blades on the upper end of the central axis to accommodate the separated light phase medium, and then it is led out to the outside of the centrifugal mechanism under the action of the light phase medium outlet conduction.

[0040] The drum assembly includes a drum, the upper end of which is threadedly connected with a gland, and the weir plate is clamped between the gland and the drum. This solution provides a specific weir plate connection method, which can be: the gland is a cover-shaped structure with an annular top plate on the top side, the gland opening faces downward and is threadedly connected to the upper drum of the drum, the annular top cover is used to press the outer edge of the upper end of the weir plate, and the upper drum is used to support the outer edge of the lower end of the weir plate, so that the weir plate is fixed to the drum. This solution has a simple structure and is convenient for installing and removing the weir plate.

[0041] The present solution also relates to a centrifugal extractor, comprising a centrifugal mechanism, wherein the centrifugal mechanism is a centrifugal mechanism as described in any one of the above. The centrifugal extractor is a centrifugal extractor comprising the above centrifugal mechanism.

[0042] As a further technical solution of the centrifugal extractor:

[0043] In order to make it possible for the centrifugal extractor to conveniently discharge the retained medium inside or the used cleaning medium after completing a single separation, the centrifugal extractor is configured as follows: the centrifugal extractor further includes an outer cylinder, the centrifugal mechanism is arranged inside the outer cylinder, a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the drum assembly, and a discharge mechanism for discharging the liquid in the liquid inlet cavity out of the centrifugal extractor is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder. In specific use, this scheme can be applied as follows: the medium to be separated or the medium that needs to undergo mass transfer and reaction in the centrifugal extractor enters the centrifugal extractor through the liquid inlet pipe connected to the outer cylinder, obtains kinetic energy to enter the centrifugal mechanism through the outer wall of the drum in the liquid inlet cavity or obtains kinetic energy to enter the centrifugal mechanism under special blades, and after separation is completed, the residual medium or cleaning liquid medium is discharged through the discharge mechanism.

[0044] The discharge mechanism can adopt all possible implementation schemes, and the relevant implementation method may be: the discharge mechanism includes a bottom cover connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder, the bottom cover serves as a sealing plate at the lower end of the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is provided with a liquid inlet pipe with an outlet hole located above the liquid inlet, the upper surface of the bottom cover is provided with a guide vane with one end connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder and the other end located directly below the liquid inlet, the space enclosed by the inner side of the guide vane is coaxial with the liquid inlet at the lower end of the drum, the discharge mechanism also includes a discharge hole provided on the bottom cover, a discharge pipe connected to the discharge hole, and a valve stem threadedly connected to the bottom cover, the discharge hole includes a vertical hole section with an inlet and a liquid inlet in a positive relationship, the valve stem is partially located in the vertical hole section, and the upper end of the valve stem has a conical plug for sealing the vertical hole section. In this solution, the specific liquid inlet pipe can be set to one or other number as needed. The bottom cover serves as the bottom structure of the outer cylinder, and the guide vane plays a guiding role to efficiently guide the medium in the liquid inlet cavity to enter the inner side of the drum. After the centrifugal separation is completed, for the retained liquid, the valve stem is rotated, and the sealing effect of the conical plug on the vertical hole section disappears, and the liquid can be discharged directionally through the vertical hole section and the discharge pipe. The inlet of the vertical hole section is set to be in a positive relationship with the liquid inlet, that is, the vertical hole section is the inlet hole section of the discharge hole. When it is After the conical plug is sealed, the amount of medium entering the drain hole can be reduced or the medium can be prevented from entering the drain hole, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the residual amount of medium in the centrifugal extractor. Therefore, a better further application is: the drain mechanism includes a bottom cover and a drain hole arranged on the bottom cover, and the opening at the upper end of the drain hole is communicated with the liquid inlet chamber; it also includes a conical plug for sealing the opening at the upper end of the drain hole. In order to prevent the conical plug from affecting the flow state of the fluid in the liquid inlet chamber, when the conical plug is in a state of sealing the opening at the upper end of the drain hole, the top surface of the conical plug is flush with the opening at the upper end of the drain hole.

[0045] More completely, it also includes a driving mechanism fixed on the outer cylinder, wherein the driving mechanism is in driving connection with the transmission shaft, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate.

[0046] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] This solution not only proposes a technical solution that can replace the weir plate so that the centrifugal mechanism can better adapt to the medium to be treated, but also has a simple structure, is easy to operate and disassemble the drum assembly on the drive shaft, and is simple to operate and disassemble the drum assembly itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a front view of a specific embodiment of the centrifugal extractor described in this scheme;

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional view is obtained by cutting along the AA direction;

[0050] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A part;

[0051] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the centrifugal extractor described in this scheme, and Figure 2 There is a difference, in Figure 2 The transmission shaft is formed by the tension screw. Figure 4 A connecting rod and a locking screw are used to form a transmission shaft.

[0052] The reference numerals in the figure are respectively: 1, center axis, 2, center hole, 3, blade, 31, groove, 4, driving mechanism, 5, centrifugal mechanism, 6, discharge mechanism, 7, lower drum, 8, tension screw, 9, rotor, 10, driving motor, 11, upper drum, 12, connecting seat, 13, weir plate, 14, pressure cover, 15, heavy phase medium outlet, 16, light phase medium outlet, 17, guide vane, 18, bottom cover, 19, discharge pipe, 20, valve stem, 21, tapered plug, 22, outer cylinder, 23, liquid inlet pipe, 24, connecting rod, 25, locking screw, 26, coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments:

[0054] Embodiment 1:

[0055] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the centrifugal mechanism of the centrifugal extractor comprises a drum assembly and a transmission shaft, wherein the transmission shaft is used to drive the drum assembly to rotate, wherein the drum assembly comprises a weir plate 13 detachably connected to the upper end of the drum assembly and a blade assembly arranged inside the drum assembly, wherein the weir plate 13 is provided with a channel as a heavy phase medium outlet 15, wherein the blade assembly comprises a connecting seat 12, a central shaft 1 and blades 3, wherein a central hole 2 is coaxially provided on the central shaft 1, wherein the blades 3 are arranged on the side of the central shaft 1, wherein the connecting seat 12 is stacked on the upper end of the central shaft 1, and wherein a through hole is coaxially provided on the connecting seat 12;

[0056] The transmission shaft passes through the weir plate 13 through the channel and forms a clearance fit with the channel;

[0057] The through hole is provided with a positioning hole section, the transmission shaft is provided with a positioning shaft section, the transmission shaft passes through the connecting seat 12 through the through hole, the positioning shaft section is matched in the positioning hole section, and the positioning shaft section is used to limit the connecting seat 12 from sliding along the axis direction of the transmission shaft toward the side where the weir plate 13 is located;

[0058] The transmission shaft is embedded in the central shaft 1 through the central hole 2, and the lower end of the transmission shaft is located at the hole position at the lower end of the central hole 2. An axial limiter is provided at the lower end of the transmission shaft, and the axial limiter can be detached from the transmission shaft. The axial limiter is used to limit the central shaft 1 from sliding along the transmission shaft in the direction away from the weir plate 13.

[0059] In the prior art, one type of centrifugal extractor has the following structural form: it includes an outer cylinder 22, a centrifugal mechanism 5 is arranged inside the outer cylinder 22, and also includes a driving mechanism 4 fixed to the outer cylinder 22, wherein the driving mechanism 4 includes a driving motor 10, and a transmission shaft of the centrifugal mechanism 5 is connected to the driving motor 10. When the driving motor 10 rotates, the centrifugal separation mechanism as a whole rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft. More specifically, a liquid inlet pipe 23 is connected to the outer cylinder 22, and a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the outer cylinder 22 and the drum assembly. The liquid inlet cavity is connected to the inner side of the drum through the channel on the bottom side of the drum. After the medium enters the centrifugal mechanism 5, under the action of the pressure difference and the action of the blades 3, the medium has a spiral and upward flow state. In this process, the heavy phase medium on the inner side of the centrifugal mechanism 5 is enriched toward the outer wall of the drum assembly, and the light phase medium is enriched toward the outer center of the drum assembly. The heavy phase medium further flows upward to the position of the weir plate 13 through the gap between the connecting seat 12 and the drum, and flows out of the centrifugal mechanism 5 at the position of the weir plate 13 through the heavy phase medium outlet 15 thereon, and the light phase medium further flows out of the centrifugal mechanism 5 through the light phase medium outlet 16 arranged on the connecting seat 12 and intersecting with the through hole, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the heavy phase medium from the light phase medium.

[0060] Therefore, in specific use, since the through hole on the weir plate 13 on the centrifugal extractor serves as the heavy phase medium outlet 15, the heavy phase medium outlet 15 has a throttling effect on the heavy phase medium, and the flow area of ​​the channel will affect the distribution of the heavy phase medium and the light phase medium in the centrifugal mechanism 5, and the distribution of the heavy phase medium and the light phase medium will affect the liquid discharge of different medium outlets of the centrifugal extractor. Therefore, in the prior art, according to the specific situation of the separated medium, when adjusting the speed of the driving motor 10 cannot achieve the desired separation effect, a treatment solution of replacing the weir plate 13 with different channel sizes can be adopted. On this basis, the present solution provides a technical solution for conveniently replacing the weir plate 13.

[0061] In this solution, the transmission shaft is used to drive the drum assembly to rotate, and the drum assembly needs to be fixed to a fixed position on the transmission shaft. In the specific structural design, it is set to have a positioning hole section on the connecting seat 12 and a positioning shaft section on the transmission shaft. For the assembly formed by the blade assembly and the connecting seat 12, the matching relationship formed by the positioning shaft section and the positioning hole section will prevent the assembly from sliding further upward along the transmission shaft. It is set to also include an axial limiter at the lower end of the transmission shaft. The matching relationship between the axial limiter and the central axis 1 will prevent the assembly from sliding further downward along the transmission shaft. For the transmission shaft, the assembly is finally clamped between the positioning shaft section and the axial limiter, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing the drum assembly to a fixed position on the transmission shaft. The matching clearance between the rotating shaft and the channel is the actual medium channel of the heavy phase medium outlet 15.

[0062] At the same time, for the drum assembly, since the axial limiter can be detached from the transmission shaft, after the axial limiter is removed, the drum assembly can be pulled out from the lower end of the transmission shaft, so that the drum assembly with the weir plate 13 can be separated from the centrifugal extractor, so that the upper end of the drum assembly is exposed to the open operating space to complete the weir plate 13 replacement operation; when installing the drum assembly, first insert the connecting seat 12 on the transmission shaft from the bottom to the top from the bottom of the positioning shaft section to complete the matching of the positioning hole section and the positioning shaft section, and then complete the connection of the axial limiter on the transmission shaft to fix the drum assembly to have a fixed position on the transmission shaft.

[0063] In summary, this solution not only proposes a technical solution for replacing the weir plate 13 so that the centrifugal mechanism 5 can better adapt to the medium to be treated, but also has a simple structure, is easy to operate and disassemble the drum assembly on the drive shaft, and is a technical solution that is simple to operate and disassemble the drum assembly itself.

[0064] Embodiment 2:

[0065] This embodiment is further refined on the basis of embodiment 1:

[0066] In specific applications, in order to utilize the positioning hole section and the positioning shaft section to realize the terminal position positioning of the connecting seat 12 when it slides upward on the axis of the transmission shaft, a step surface can be used for positioning, but a better application is: the positioning hole section is a tapered hole with the small end at the lower end, and the positioning shaft section is a tapered shaft with the small end at the lower end. With this solution, the matching relationship between the tapered hole and the tapered shaft can be utilized to realize the positioning of the connecting seat 12 in the radial direction of the transmission shaft, so as to facilitate the dynamic balance control of the centrifugal mechanism 5. In specific implementation, when the positioning shaft section is embedded in the positioning hole section, the tapered hole and the tapered shaft are completely fitted, that is, the tapered hole and the tapered shaft have exactly the same size, and the matching surface formed is a cone surface.

[0067] Embodiment 3:

[0068] This embodiment is further refined on the basis of embodiment 1:

[0069] As a specific form of transmission shaft and assembly method with the drum assembly, the transmission shaft includes a rotor 9 and a tension screw 8;

[0070] The positioning shaft section is located at the lower end of the rotor 9, and the axial limiter is a screw cap at the lower end of the tension screw 8;

[0071] The lower end of the rotor 9 is provided with an internal thread hole, and the upper end of the tension screw 8 is provided with an external thread section. The tension screw 8 and the rotor 9 are connected in the following manner: the external thread section is threadedly connected to the internal thread hole;

[0072] The screw cap limits the central axis 1 axially in the following manner: the screw cap and the central axis 1 are pressed against each other;

[0073] The extrusion method is any of the following:

[0074] The outer side of the screw cap and the hole wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole 2 are squeezed against each other;

[0075] The outer side of the screw cap and the lower end of the central shaft 1 are pressed against each other.

[0076] The above scheme is that: the upper end of the transmission shaft is a rotor 9, and the rotor 9 can be directly the rotor 9 of the driving motor 10, or it can be an intermediate transmission rod connecting the driving motor 10 and the tension screw 8. In specific application, relative to the rotor 9, the connecting seat 12 can be embedded from the bottom to the top from the lower end of the rotor 9 to complete the matching of the connecting seat 12 and the positioning shaft segment, and then the upper end of the blade assembly penetrated by the tension screw 8 is docked with the lower end of the connecting seat 12, and the blade assembly is connected to the lower end of the connecting seat 12 by rotating the screw cap, and then the lower drum 7 described below is connected to the upper drum 11; when the weir plate 13 needs to be replaced, after the lower drum 7 is disassembled, the tension screw 8 is disassembled using a tool docked with the screw cap, and then the remaining drum assembly part can be pulled out from the lower end of the rotor 9, so that the drum assembly is exposed to an open environment to complete the subsequent weir plate 13 replacement operation.

[0077] As for the implementation method of axially limiting the center axis 1 by the screw cap, the preferred application is to use the method of mutual compression between the outer side of the screw cap and the wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole 2. This method will make the space below the blades 3 in the drum assembly smaller, so as to reduce the volume of the processed medium required by the centrifugal mechanism 5 by reducing the volume of the space; further, it is configured that the countersunk section is a conical section with a lower end diameter greater than an upper end diameter, and the upper end of the screw cap is a columnar structure with a small end located at the upper end, and the columnar structure has the same shape as the conical section. In this way, when assembling the tension screw 8, the position of the blade assembly in the radial direction of the drive shaft can be adjusted by mutual compression between the conical section and the columnar structure, so as to achieve the purpose of facilitating the dynamic balance adjustment of the drum assembly: as a technician in this field, the ideal state is that the center of gravity of the drum assembly is located on the axis of the drive shaft.

[0078] Embodiment 4:

[0079] This embodiment is further refined on the basis of embodiment 1:

[0080] As a specific transmission shaft form and assembly method with the drum assembly, the transmission shaft includes a connecting rod 24, the positioning shaft section is located on the connecting rod 24, and the axial limiter is a locking screw 25 threadedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 24;

[0081] The locking screw 25 limits the central axis 1 axially in the following manner: the screw cap of the locking screw 25 and the central axis 1 are pressed against each other;

[0082] The extrusion method is any of the following:

[0083] The outer side of the nail cap and the hole wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole 2 are squeezed against each other;

[0084] The outer side of the nail cap and the lower end of the central shaft 1 are pressed against each other.

[0085] The above scheme is a parallel scheme of the above scheme including the tension screw 8. There is a difference. The scheme including the tension screw 8 is preferably used in that the rotor 9 is the rotor 9 of the drive motor 10, that is, the scheme including the tension screw 8 puts forward requirements on the shape of the lower end of the rotor 9. In order to facilitate the configuration of the drive mechanism 4, a scheme is proposed to set the positioning shaft section on the connecting rod 24. Specifically, the upper end of the positioning shaft section can be coaxially connected to the rotor 9 through a coupling 26. When installing the drum assembly, the upper drum 11 connected to the weir plate 13 is first installed on the connecting rod 24 from the lower end of the connecting rod 24, and then the blade assembly is sleeved on the connecting rod 24, and then the blade assembly is locked on the connecting rod 24 by the locking screw 25, and then the lower drum 7 is installed.

[0086] Similar to the above scheme, regarding the matching method between the nail cap and the center shaft 1, the preferred application is to use the method of mutual extrusion between the outer side of the nail cap and the wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole 2. This method will make the space below the blade 3 in the drum assembly smaller, so as to reduce the volume of the space and reduce the requirement of the centrifugal mechanism 5 for the volume of the processed medium; further, it is set that the countersunk section is a conical section with a lower end diameter greater than the upper end diameter, and the upper end of the nail cap is a columnar structure with a small end located at the upper end, and the columnar structure has the same shape as the conical section. In this way, when assembling the locking screw 25, the position of the blade assembly in the radial direction of the drive shaft can be adjusted by mutual extrusion between the conical section and the columnar structure, so as to achieve the purpose of facilitating the dynamic balance adjustment of the drum assembly: as a technician in this field, the ideal state is that the center of gravity of the drum assembly is located on the axis of the drive shaft.

[0087] Embodiment 5:

[0088] This embodiment is further refined on the basis of embodiment 1:

[0089] The drum assembly further has the following structural form: the drum assembly comprises an upper drum 11 and a lower drum 7, the upper end of the upper drum 11 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the lower drum 7;

[0090] The blade assembly is arranged in a cavity inside the lower drum 7, the side wall of the cavity is provided with a strip groove, and the side edge of the blade 3 is embedded in the strip groove; the cavity is a conical cavity with a lower end diameter smaller than the upper end diameter, and the blade 3 is a sheet structure with a lower end width smaller than the upper end width;

[0091] The connecting seat 12 is arranged in the cavity inside the upper drum 11 and clamped between the weir plate 13 and the blade assembly;

[0092] The upper end of the blade 3 is convex relative to the upper end of the central axis 1, and a groove 31 is provided on the inner side of the convex part of the blade 3 relative to the central axis 1. The space enclosed by the inner side of the upper end of the blade 3 is connected with the orifice at the lower end of the through hole, and also includes a light phase medium outlet 16 arranged on the connecting seat 12, and the orifice on the inner side of the light phase medium outlet 16 is connected with the through hole.

[0093] In the above scheme, the detachably connected upper drum 11 and the lower drum 7 enclose the installation space of the blade assembly and the connecting seat 12, and form a heavy phase medium outlet 15 on the weir plate 13, and a light phase medium outlet 16 on the connecting seat 12. The matching relationship formed by the blade 3 and the strip groove is equivalent to the matching relationship between the spline shaft and the spline hole, so that the torque is transmitted to the drum through the blade 3. The cavity is a conical cavity to achieve: the structure surrounded by the blade 3 is a conical structure, and the shape of the cavity is adapted to the cone structure. In this way, the above cavity can have the characteristics of gradually increasing radial dimensions of the cavity from bottom to top in the axial direction of the central axis 1, and has a linear velocity of the boundary of the blade 3 from bottom to top. The characteristic of increasing in sequence, based on this structure, from the perspective of the shape of the blade 3 and the shape of the cavity, compared with the existing structure surrounded by the equal-diameter cavity and the blade 3, the space between the blade assembly and the drum is smaller, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the liquid retention in the drum assembly, reducing the liquid retention after separation, and reducing the minimum processing volume requirement. At the same time, in the process of the liquid moving from bottom to top in the drum assembly, the linear speed of each position outside the blade 3 increases from bottom to top in sequence, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring the separation effect. At the same time, the size of the cavity at the upper end of the blade 3 in the drum assembly can make the heavy phase medium and the light phase medium have a very obvious position distribution, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring the separation effect. In specific use, the inner wall of the cavity used to accommodate the blade 3 structure on the drum is set to have the same taper as the structure formed by the blade 3, and the blade 3 is embedded in the strip groove on the inner side of the drum as a whole or partially in the strip groove on the inner side of the drum.

[0094] Regarding the groove 31: When the light phase medium enters the groove 31 from the inner side of the upper end of the blade 3, it can be considered that it is no longer directly affected by the rotating blade 3, so that a larger space can be formed between the inner sides of the blades 3 at the upper end of the central axis 1 to accommodate the separated light phase medium, and then it is led out to the outside of the centrifugal mechanism 5 under the conduction action of the light phase medium outlet 16.

[0095] Embodiment 6:

[0096] This embodiment is further refined on the basis of embodiment 1:

[0097] The drum assembly includes a drum, the upper end of which is threadedly connected with a pressure cover 14, and the weir plate 13 is clamped between the pressure cover 14 and the drum. This solution provides a specific connection method for the weir plate 13, which can be: the pressure cover 14 is a cover-shaped structure with an annular top plate arranged on the top side, the pressure cover 14 opens downward and is threadedly connected to the upper drum 11 of the drum, the outer edge of the upper end of the weir plate 13 is pressed by the annular top cover, and the outer edge of the lower end of the weir plate 13 is supported by the upper drum 11, so that the weir plate 13 is fixed on the drum. This solution has a simple structure and is convenient for installing and removing the weir plate 13.

[0098] Embodiment 7:

[0099] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a centrifugal extractor, comprising a centrifugal mechanism 5 , wherein the centrifugal mechanism 5 is the centrifugal mechanism 5 described in Example 1. The centrifugal extractor is a centrifugal extractor comprising the centrifugal mechanism 5 described above.

[0100] Embodiment 8:

[0101] This embodiment is further refined on the basis of Embodiment 7:

[0102] In order to make the medium retained inside the centrifugal extractor or the cleaning medium used be conveniently discharged from the centrifugal extractor after completing a single separation, the centrifugal extractor is configured as follows: the centrifugal extractor further includes an outer cylinder 22, the centrifugal mechanism 5 is arranged inside the outer cylinder 22, a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the outer cylinder 22 and the drum assembly, and a discharge mechanism 6 for discharging the liquid in the liquid inlet cavity out of the centrifugal extractor is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder 22. When used specifically, this solution can be applied as follows: the medium to be separated or the medium that needs to undergo mass transfer and reaction in the centrifugal extractor enters the centrifugal extractor through the liquid inlet pipe 23 connected to the outer cylinder 22, obtains kinetic energy to enter the centrifugal mechanism 5 through the outer wall of the drum in the liquid inlet cavity or obtains kinetic energy to enter the centrifugal mechanism 5 under a special blade, and after separation is completed, the residual medium or cleaning liquid medium is discharged through the discharge mechanism 6.

[0103] The discharge mechanism 6 can adopt all possible implementation schemes, and the relevant implementation method can be: the discharge mechanism 6 includes a bottom cover 18 connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder 22, the bottom cover 18 serves as a sealing plate at the lower end of the outer cylinder 22, and the outer cylinder 22 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 23 with an outlet hole located above the liquid inlet, and the upper surface of the bottom cover 18 is provided with a guide vane 17 with one end connected to the side wall of the outer cylinder 22 and the other end located directly below the liquid inlet, and the space enclosed by the inner side of the guide vane 17 is coaxial with the liquid inlet at the lower end of the drum, the discharge mechanism 6 also includes a discharge hole provided on the bottom cover 18, a discharge pipe 19 connected to the discharge hole, and a valve stem 20 threadedly connected to the bottom cover 18, the discharge hole includes a vertical hole section with an inlet and a liquid inlet in a positive relationship, the valve stem 20 is partially located in the vertical hole section, and the upper end of the valve stem 20 has a conical plug 21 for blocking the vertical hole section. In this solution, the specific liquid inlet pipe 23 can be set to one or other number as needed. The bottom cover 18 serves as the bottom structure of the outer cylinder 22, and the guide vane 17 plays a guiding role to efficiently guide the medium in the liquid inlet cavity to enter the inner side of the drum. After the centrifugal separation is completed, for the retained liquid, the valve stem 20 is rotated, and the blocking effect of the conical plug 21 on the vertical hole section disappears, and the liquid can be directedly discharged through the vertical hole section and the discharge pipe 19. The inlet of the vertical hole section is set to be in a positive relationship with the liquid inlet, that is, the vertical hole section is the inlet hole section of the discharge hole. When the cone plug 21 is After the conical plug 21 is sealed, the amount of medium entering the discharge hole can be reduced or the medium can be prevented from entering the discharge hole, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the residual amount of medium in the centrifugal extractor. Therefore, a better further application is: the discharge mechanism 6 includes a bottom cover 18 and a discharge hole arranged on the bottom cover 18, and the opening at the upper end of the discharge hole is communicated with the liquid inlet chamber; it also includes a conical plug 21 for sealing the opening at the upper end of the discharge hole. In order to prevent the conical plug 21 from affecting the flow state of the fluid in the liquid inlet chamber, when the conical plug 21 is in a state of sealing the opening at the upper end of the discharge hole, the top surface of the conical plug 21 is flush with the opening at the upper end of the discharge hole.

[0104] Embodiment 9:

[0105] This embodiment is further refined on the basis of Embodiment 8:

[0106] More completely, it further comprises a driving mechanism 4 fixed on the outer cylinder 22, wherein the driving mechanism 4 is in driving connection with the transmission shaft, and the driving mechanism 4 is used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate.

[0107] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific embodiments of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, other embodiments derived without departing from the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal extractor centrifugal mechanism, comprising a drum assembly and a transmission shaft, wherein the transmission shaft is used to drive the drum assembly to rotate, wherein the drum assembly comprises a weir plate (13) detachably connected to the upper end of the drum assembly and a blade assembly arranged inside the drum assembly, wherein the weir plate (13) is provided with a channel serving as a heavy phase medium outlet (15), wherein: The blade assembly comprises a connecting seat (12), a central shaft (1) and a blade (3); the central shaft (1) is coaxially provided with a central hole (2); the blade (3) is arranged on the side of the central shaft (1); the connecting seat (12) is stacked on the upper end of the central shaft (1); and the connecting seat (12) is coaxially provided with a through hole; The transmission shaft passes through the weir plate (13) through the channel and forms a clearance fit with the channel; The through hole is provided with a positioning hole section, the transmission shaft is provided with a positioning shaft section, the transmission shaft passes through the connecting seat (12) through the through hole, the positioning shaft section is matched in the positioning hole section, and the positioning shaft section is used to limit the connecting seat (12) from sliding along the axis direction of the transmission shaft toward the side where the weir plate (13) is located; The transmission shaft is embedded in the central shaft (1) through the central hole (2), the lower end of the transmission shaft is located at the opening of the lower end of the central hole (2), and an axial limiter is provided at the lower end of the transmission shaft. The axial limiter can be detached from the transmission shaft, and the axial limiter is used to limit the central shaft (1) from sliding in a direction away from the weir plate (13) along the transmission shaft.

2. The centrifugal extractor centrifugal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning hole section is a tapered hole with the small end being the lower end, and the positioning shaft section is a tapered shaft with the small end being the lower end.

3. The centrifugal extractor centrifugal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft comprises a rotor (9) and a tension screw (8); The positioning shaft section is located at the lower end of the rotor (9), and the axial limiting member is a screw cap at the lower end of the tension screw (8); The lower end of the rotor (9) is provided with an internal threaded hole, the upper end of the tension screw (8) is provided with an external threaded section, and the tension screw (8) and the rotor (9) are connected in the following manner: the external threaded section is threadedly connected in the internal threaded hole; The screw cap limits the central axis (1) in an axial direction in the following manner: the screw cap and the central axis (1) are pressed against each other; The extrusion method is any of the following: The outer side of the screw cap and the hole wall of the countersunk section at the lower end of the center hole (2) are pressed against each other; The outer side of the screw cap and the lower end of the central shaft (1) are pressed against each other.

4. The centrifugal extractor centrifugal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft comprises a connecting rod (24), the positioning shaft section is located on the connecting rod (24), and the axial limiting member is a locking screw (25) threadedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod (24); The locking screw (25) limits the axial position of the central axis (1) in the following manner: the nail head of the locking screw (25) and the central axis (1) are pressed against each other; The extrusion method is any of the following: The outer side of the nail cap and the hole wall of the countersunk hole section at the lower end of the central hole (2) are pressed against each other; The outer side of the nail cap and the lower end of the central shaft (1) are pressed against each other.

5. The centrifugal extractor centrifugal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drum assembly comprises an upper drum (11) and a lower drum (7), wherein the upper end of the upper drum (11) is threadedly connected to the lower end of the lower drum (7); The blade assembly is arranged in a cavity inside the lower drum (7), the side wall of the cavity is provided with a strip groove, and the side edge of the blade (3) is embedded in the strip groove; the cavity is a conical cavity with a lower end diameter smaller than an upper end diameter, and the blade (3) is a sheet structure with a lower end width smaller than an upper end width; The connecting seat (12) is arranged in a cavity inside the upper drum (11) and clamped between the weir plate (13) and the blade assembly; The upper end of the blade (3) is convex relative to the upper end of the central axis (1), and a groove (31) is provided on the inner side of the convex part of the blade (3) relative to the central axis (1). The space enclosed by the inner side of the upper end of the blade (3) is connected to the orifice at the lower end of the through hole, and also includes a light phase medium outlet (16) arranged on the connecting seat (12), and the orifice on the inner side of the light phase medium outlet (16) is connected to the through hole.

6. The centrifugal extractor centrifugal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drum assembly comprises a drum, the upper end of which is threadedly connected with a pressure cover (14), and the weir plate (13) is clamped between the pressure cover (14) and the drum.

7. A centrifugal extractor, comprising a centrifugal mechanism (5), characterized in that: The centrifugal mechanism (5) is the centrifugal mechanism (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 7, characterized in that The centrifugal extractor further comprises an outer cylinder (22), the centrifugal mechanism (5) is arranged on the inner side of the outer cylinder (22), a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the outer cylinder (22) and the drum assembly, and a discharge mechanism (6) for discharging liquid in the liquid inlet cavity out of the centrifugal extractor is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder (22).

9. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 8, characterized in that It also comprises a driving mechanism (4) fixed on the outer cylinder (22), wherein the driving mechanism (4) is in driving connection with the transmission shaft, and the driving mechanism (4) is used to drive the transmission shaft to rotate.

10. The centrifugal extractor according to claim 8, characterized in that The drainage mechanism (6) comprises a bottom cover (18) and a drainage hole arranged on the bottom cover (18), wherein an opening at the upper end of the drainage hole is in communication with the liquid inlet cavity; It also includes a conical plug (21) for blocking the upper end opening of the discharge hole. When the conical plug (21) is in a state of blocking the upper end opening of the discharge hole, the top surface of the conical plug (21) is flush with the upper end opening of the discharge hole.

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