Three-fulcrum forklift steering axle and forklift

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-fulcrum forklift steering axle and a forklift. The three-fulcrum forklift steering axle comprises a first bearing, a second bearing, a steering gear and a steering axle body. The steering gear is connected with the steering axle body and drives the steering axle body to steer, a first bearing and a second bearing are arranged on the steering axle body, and the steering axle body is connected to the forklift body by embedding the first bearing and the second bearing into the forklift body. The three-fulcrum forklift steering axle is simple in structure and high in stability, the steering action of the steering axle is stable and smooth through cooperation of the first bearing and the second bearing, the stability of the steering axle is improved, loads are shared through the two bearings, the bearings are not prone to being damaged, the service life of the bearings is prolonged, and the service life of the bearings is prolonged. Therefore, the service life of the three-fulcrum forklift steering axle is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a three-pivot forklift steering axle and a forklift, in particular to a steering structure of a forklift. Background Art

[0002] At present, the steering axle support used in three-point counterbalanced forklifts mostly uses a single steering bearing. Steering bearings are widely used in short-wheelbase forklifts because of their strong load-bearing capacity and small space occupation. However, in long-wheelbase forklifts, it is difficult to position the steering axle through a single point, making it difficult to ensure the stability of the steering axle. In addition, a single bearing is subjected to greater pressure and is easily worn during operation, thus affecting the steering performance and service life of the forklift. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a steering structure for a three-pivot forklift steering axle, which has a simple structure and high reliability.

[0004] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention.

[0005] The first aspect of the utility model provides a three-point forklift steering axle, comprising: a first bearing, a second bearing, a steering gear, and a steering axle body; the steering gear is connected to the steering axle body, and the steering gear is used to engage with the transfer gear, thereby connecting and driving the steering axle body to steer, and the steering axle body is provided with a first bearing and a second bearing, and the steering axle body is connected to the forklift body by embedding the first bearing and the second bearing into the forklift body.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first bearing and the second bearing are arranged at intervals in the steering axle body, and the second bearing is arranged below the first bearing.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first bearing and the second bearing are tapered roller bearings, and the first bearing and the second bearing are arranged in a back-to-back manner and spaced apart on the steering bridge body.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first bearing and the second bearing are spaced apart and sleeved on the steering axle body.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first bearing and the second bearing are coaxially arranged to offset axial loads against each other.

[0010] In one embodiment, the steering bridge body includes a steering column and a rotating rod, the steering column is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the steering column is transversely fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0011] In one embodiment, the steering column is inserted into the steering hole of the forklift body, and the first bearing and the second bearing are disposed outside the steering column, and further connected to the forklift body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the steering hole includes a bearing limiting hole and a bridge body limiting hole, the first bearing and the second bearing are clamped in the bearing limiting hole, the steering column is passed through the bridge body limiting hole, and is positioned and clamped with the forklift body through the first bearing and the second bearing.

[0013] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the bearing limiting hole is larger than the outer diameters of the first bearing and the second bearing, the inner diameter of the bridge limiting hole is larger than the outer diameter of the steering column, and the inner diameter of the bearing limiting hole is larger than the inner diameter of the bridge limiting hole.

[0014] In one embodiment, the inner rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are sleeved on the steering column, and the outer rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are embedded in the inner wall of the bearing limiting hole.

[0015] In one embodiment, the steering gear is fixed to the steering column via a locking nut, and a washer is provided between the locking nut and the steering column.

[0016] In one embodiment, lubricating grease is applied between the first bearing and the steering column, and between the second bearing and the steering column.

[0017] A second aspect of the utility model provides a forklift, comprising the three-pivot forklift steering axle as described above.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the three-point forklift steering axle provided by the utility model has a simple structure and strong stability. The cooperation of the first bearing and the second bearing makes the steering action of the steering axle smooth and smooth, thereby improving the stability of the steering axle. The setting of the two bearings shares the load, making the bearings less likely to be damaged, extending the service life of the bearings, thereby also extending the service life of the three-point forklift steering axle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the three-pivot forklift steering axle provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-pivot forklift steering axle provided by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a three-pivot forklift steering axle provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a three-pivot forklift steering axle provided by the utility model;

[0024] Figure numerals: 1, end cover, 2, cotter pin, 3, nut, 4, small washer, 5, third bearing, 6, hub nut, 7, hub connecting shaft, 8, hub bolt, 9, rotating rod, 10, first bearing, 10', second bearing, 11, steering column, 12, steering gear, 13, washer, 14, locking nut, 15, transfer gear, 16, steering wheel, 20, steering hole, 201, bearing limiting hole, 202, bridge body limiting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to be able to understand the features and technical contents of the embodiments of the utility model in more detail, the implementation of the embodiments of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are for reference only and are not used to limit the embodiments of the utility model. In the following technical description, for the convenience of explanation, a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments is provided through multiple details. However, one or more embodiments can still be implemented without these details. In other cases, to simplify the drawings, well-known structures and devices can be simplified for display.

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the utility model provides a three-pivot forklift steering axle, comprising: a first bearing 10, a second bearing 10', a steering gear 12, and a steering axle body; the steering gear 12 is connected to and drives the steering axle body to steer, and the steering axle body is provided with a first bearing 10 and a second bearing 10', and the steering axle body is connected to the forklift body by embedding the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10' into the forklift body.

[0027] Specifically, the outer ring of the steering gear 12 is used to mesh with the transfer gear 15, and the transfer gear is used to provide power for the three-point forklift steering axle; the steering axle body includes a steering column 11 and a rotating rod 9, the steering column 11 is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the steering column 11 is laterally fixedly connected to the rotating rod 9; the steering gear 12 is arranged at the upper end of the steering column 11, and a first bearing 10 is installed below the steering gear 12, and the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10' are arranged on the steering column 11 at intervals, and the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10' cooperate to withstand a composite load; the steering gear 12 is arranged in linkage with the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10'. When the transfer gear rotates, the meshing force between it and the steering gear 12 drives the steering gear 12 to rotate, thereby driving the steering axle body to move in linkage.

[0028] During the operation of the three-point forklift steering axle, when the transmission gear 12 is connected to the transfer gear 15, the transfer gear 15 inputs the transmission force to drive the transmission gear 12 to rotate. Since the steering axle and the vehicle body are fixed with bearings, when the transmission gear 12 rotates, it will drive the entire steering axle body to rotate, thereby driving the tire to rotate with the center of the transmission gear 12 vertically downward as the rotation axis.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10 ′ are tapered roller bearings, which are coaxial and oppositely arranged to offset each other's axial loads.

[0030] Specifically, tapered roller bearings are mainly used to bear combined radial and axial loads, and single-row tapered roller bearings can bear radial loads and unidirectional axial loads. When the bearing bears radial loads, an axial force component will be generated, so another bearing that can withstand the axial force in the opposite direction is needed to balance it. Therefore, tapered roller bearings are arranged in pairs in this embodiment.

[0031] Furthermore, this embodiment uses a high-precision processing technology to make the center of the cross section of the two bearings coincide as much as possible in the vertical direction, ensuring that the two bearings have a high vertical concentricity, thereby improving the matching accuracy of the two bearings, reducing wear, and ensuring that the steering gear 12 drives the steering column 11 to turn more smoothly, thereby improving the stability of the steering axle; the setting of the two bearings shares the load in each direction, can offset the influence of the axial force component, improves the carrying capacity of the steering axle, makes the two bearings not easy to be damaged, and extends the service life of the bearings, thereby also extending the service life of the three-point forklift steering axle.

[0032] It should be noted that the outer rings of the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10' are fixedly connected to the vehicle body to partially bear the stress of the steering column 11. Figure 3 A steering hole 20 for fixing the steering bridge is provided in the forklift body, and the steering hole 20 includes a bearing limiting hole 201 for clamping two tapered roller bearings and a bridge limiting hole 202 for penetrating the steering column 11. Specifically, the inner rings of the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10' are sleeved on the steering column 11, and the outer rings of the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10' are embedded in the forklift body. The steering column 11 is penetrated in the steering hole 20 of the forklift body, and the steering column 11 is connected to the forklift body through the bearing sleeved outside.

[0033] It should be noted that the inner diameter of the bearing limiting hole 201 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10', so as to embed and clamp the two bearings; the inner diameter of the bridge body limiting hole 202 is larger than the outer diameter of the steering column 11, and when the steering column 11 is inserted into the bridge body limiting hole 202, a certain gap is left between the two to facilitate the rotation of the steering column 11 relative to the vehicle body; the inner diameter of the bearing limiting hole 201 is larger than the inner diameter of the bridge body limiting hole 202, so that an annular plane is formed between the two holes, which is used to abut against the bearing to limit the bearing in the axial direction.

[0034] It can be understood that tapered roller bearings are usually separated, that is, the tapered inner ring assembly composed of the inner ring with roller and cage assembly can be installed separately from the tapered outer ring (outer ring). Single-row tapered roller bearings are generally installed in pairs, and the two outer ring large end faces can be installed back-to-back (DB, Two bearings matched for mounting back-to-back), the two outer ring small end faces can be installed face-to-face (DF, Two bearings matched for mounting face-to-face), or one outer ring small end face is connected to the other outer ring large end face in series (DT, Two bearings matched for mounting in tandem). In this embodiment, the back-to-back installation method is adopted.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 The upper part of the first bearing is connected to the steering gear 12, and the steering gear 12 is fixed to the steering column 11 through a locking nut 14, and a washer 13 is provided between the locking nut 14 and the steering column 11. Specifically, during the installation process, the inner ring of the second bearing 10' is first installed on the steering column 11 by a sleeve method, and then the assembly assembly is installed into the vehicle body from below, so that the inner ring of the second bearing 10' is assembled with the outer ring that has been embedded in the bearing limit hole 201, and then the inner ring of the first bearing 10 is sleeved on the steering column 11 from above, so that it is assembled with the outer ring that has been embedded in the upper bearing limit hole 201, and finally the steering gear 12 is sleeved to lock the washer 13 and the locking nut 14, and while fixing the steering gear 12, an axial downward pressure force is provided to clamp and lock the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10' at both ends of the steering hole 11.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 Two third bearings 5 ​​are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating rod 9, and a hub nut 6, a hub connecting shaft 7 and a hub bolt 8 are arranged in sequence from the third bearing 5 to the center of the rotating rod 9 to install the steering wheel 16. Specifically, the third bearing 5 is a sealed deep groove ball bearing, and the hub connecting shaft 7 and the rotating rod 9 are connected by two deep groove ball bearings, so the rotation of the hub connecting shaft 7 will drive the wheel hub to rotate; nuts 3, cotter pins 2 and end covers 1 are arranged at both ends of the rotating rod 9 to fix the steering wheel 16.

[0037] In one embodiment, lubricating grease is applied between the first bearing 10 and the steering column 11, between the second bearing 10' and the steering column 11, and between the third bearing 5 and the rotating rod 9. The lubricating grease can be lubricating oil or grease to form an oil film on the surface of the steel material to prevent rust and lubricate, thereby improving the running stability of the steering axle.

[0038] The installation process of the three-pivot forklift steering axle provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0039] Step 1: First, weld the rotating rod 9 and the steering column 11 as shown;

[0040] Step 2: If Figure 1 Install the third bearing 5 (which needs to be lubricated with butter) into the rotating rod 9;

[0041] Step 3: If Figure 1 As shown, the hub connecting shaft 7 is installed into the rotating rod shaft 9;

[0042] Step 4: Figure 1 Then install the third bearing 5 (which needs to be lubricated with butter) into the rotating rod 9;

[0043] Step 5: Figure 1 Install the small washer 4 and nut 3 and lock them;

[0044] Step 6: Assemble the other side in the same order as steps 2-5;

[0045] Step 7: Install the end caps 1 of the hub connecting shaft 7 at both ends;

[0046] Step 8: Install the inner ring of the second bearing 10' (lubricated with butter);

[0047] Step 9: Figure 2 As shown, the assembly assembly is installed into the vehicle body from below, so that the inner ring of the second bearing 10' is assembled with the outer ring that has been embedded in the bearing stop hole 201;

[0048] Step 10: Figure 1 As shown, the inner ring of the first bearing 10 (which needs to be lubricated with butter) is installed into the assembly component, so that the inner ring of the second bearing 10' is assembled with the outer ring that has been embedded in the bearing limit hole 201;

[0049] Step 11: Figure 1 As shown, the steering gear 12 is installed into the assembly component (a flat key is used between the steering gear 12 and the steering column 11 to prevent the gear from rotating);

[0050] Step 12: Figure 1 As shown, the washer 13 and the lock nut 14 are locked to fix the steering gear 12, the first bearing 10 and the second bearing 10'.

[0051] Through the above installation steps, the first bearing and the second bearing are embedded and fixed in the vehicle body, and the steering axle is connected to the forklift body through the first bearing and the second bearing, and the coordination between the steering hole of the vehicle body and the structure of the steering axle is utilized.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the three-pivot forklift steering axle provided by the utility model has a simple structure and strong stability. The two bearings are connected with the forklift body structure to position the steering axle, so that the steering action is smooth and smooth, and the stability of the steering axle is improved. The cooperation of the first bearing and the second bearing shares the load in various directions, and can offset the influence of the axial force component, so that the two bearings are not easily damaged, and the service life of the bearings is extended, thereby also extending the service life of the three-pivot forklift steering axle.

[0053] In a second aspect of the utility model, a forklift is provided, comprising the three-pivot forklift steering axle as described above.

[0054] The forklift provided by the utility model improves the stability and durability of the steering axle by providing a three-pivot forklift steering axle with two bearings, so that the forklift has a more stable steering performance and a longer service life.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementations and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the utility model. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0057] In the description of the present utility model, it needs to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0058] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0059] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0060] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A three-point forklift steering axle, characterized in that: include: A first bearing (10), a second bearing (10'), a steering gear (12), and a steering axle body; The steering gear (12) is connected to the steering axle body, and the steering gear (12) is used to mesh with the transfer gear (15) to drive the steering axle body to steer. The steering axle body is provided with the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10'). The steering axle body is connected to the forklift body by embedding the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') into the forklift body.

2. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are arranged at intervals on the steering bridge body, and the second bearing (10') is arranged below the first bearing (10).

3. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are tapered roller bearings, and the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are arranged in a back-to-back manner at intervals on the steering bridge body.

4. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are sleeved on the steering axle body with an interval.

5. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are coaxially arranged to offset each other's axial loads.

6. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering bridge body comprises a steering column (11) and a rotating rod (9); the steering column (11) is arranged vertically, and the lower end of the steering column (11) is transversely fixedly connected to the rotating rod (9).

7. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steering column (11) is inserted into the steering hole of the forklift body, and the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are arranged outside the steering column (11), so as to be connected to the forklift body.

8. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steering hole comprises a bearing limiting hole (201) and a bridge body limiting hole (202); the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are clamped in the bearing limiting hole (201); the steering column (11) is passed through the bridge body limiting hole (202) and is positioned and clamped with the forklift body through the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10').

9. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the bearing limiting hole (201) is greater than the outer diameters of the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10'), the inner diameter of the bridge limiting hole (202) is greater than the outer diameter of the steering column (11), and the inner diameter of the bearing limiting hole (201) is greater than the inner diameter of the bridge limiting hole (202).

10. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner rings of the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are sleeved on the steering column (11), and the outer rings of the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (10') are embedded in the inner wall of the bearing limiting hole (201).

11. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steering gear (12) is fixed to the steering column (11) via a locking nut (14), and a washer (13) is provided between the locking nut (14) and the steering column (11).

12. The three-pivot forklift steering axle according to claim 6, characterized in that: Lubricating grease is applied between the first bearing (10) and the steering column (11), and between the second bearing (10') and the steering column (11).

13. A forklift, comprising the three-pivot forklift steering axle according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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