Battery locking device applied to electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery locking device applied to an electric automobile, the electric automobile comprises a battery and a battery bracket, the battery bracket is provided with a containing cavity, the battery moves in and out of the containing cavity in the first direction, and the battery locking device is provided with a locking structure. The locking structure comprises a protruding part protruding towards the interior of the containing cavity. The battery is provided with an avoiding groove for avoiding the protruding part; the locking structure can move in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction so as to have a locking position for locking the battery and an unlocking position separated from the battery, and at the locking position, the protruding part abuts against a second end face, extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, of the battery, and the protruding part abuts against a second end face, extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, of the battery. Therefore, the movement of the battery along the first direction is limited. The battery locking device is simple in structure and has small influence on the space of the accommodating cavity and the volume of the battery, so that the effective capacity of the battery is ensured and even improved, and the flat design of the battery is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, and specifically relates to a battery locking device used in electric vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Existing electric vehicles have a storage cavity for accommodating batteries, and the batteries slide into the storage cavity to power the electric vehicle. During the operation of the electric vehicle, the batteries in the storage cavity shift as the vehicle runs in the storage cavity. In particular, when the vehicle is braking or starting, the batteries will be affected by the movement of the vehicle and shift due to inertia in the direction of entering and exiting the storage cavity. Therefore, electric vehicles usually use locking devices to fix the batteries in the storage cavity. Existing locking devices are usually installed on one side of the battery's entry and exit direction. The battery needs to be provided with a space to accommodate the locking device so that when the battery enters and exits the storage cavity, the battery will not interfere with the locking device and affect the battery's movement in and out of the storage cavity. The use of existing locking devices also requires a portion on the battery that cooperates with the locking device, which not only increases the size of the battery in the thickness direction, but also makes the design of the battery more difficult. When the dimension of the battery in the thickness direction increases, it puts forward higher requirements on the installation space and the accommodation space for battery installation on the electric vehicle, and the modification cost of the electric vehicle increases accordingly. Moreover, if the dimension of the battery in the thickness direction is too large, the height between the electric vehicle chassis and the bearing surface of the electric vehicle is not enough for the battery to move in and out of the accommodation cavity along the length or width of the vehicle body. During the battery replacement process, the electric vehicle needs to be lifted, or a pit needs to be dug at the battery swap parking space of the electric vehicle. Whether lifting the electric vehicle or digging a pit at the battery swap parking space, it will lead to a further increase in the cost of battery swap and an extension of the waiting time for battery swap due to the addition and operation of supporting facilities.

[0003] A public document with authorization announcement number CN220615456U discloses a battery locking device including a locking lifting component and a locking drive module. The locking drive module includes a locking motor, a worm gear mechanism, a connecting rod mechanism, and a cam arranged in a battery compartment of an electric vehicle. The battery compartment is used to accommodate batteries, and the output shaft of the locking motor is connected through a worm gear. One end of the connecting rod is eccentrically hinged to the turbine, and the other end is connected to the cam to realize the locking battery driving the cam to rotate. The cam is rotatably arranged in the battery compartment. The locking lifting member is provided with a matching portion and a locking guide portion that match the cam. The cam rotates and uses the tip of the cam to abut the matching portion to make the locking lifting member rise and fall. Two protruding locking portions are provided on the locking lifting member. A through groove for accommodating the locking lifting member is provided in the length direction of the battery to avoid the locking lifting member colliding with the battery when the battery is moved in and out. At the same time, a groove is provided in the through groove to accommodate the matching portion and the locking portion, and two locking grooves are opened in the groove to match the locking portion. The two locking grooves form a protrusion on the bottom surface of the groove, and the protrusion and the groove form a space for accommodating the matching portion. The battery locking device achieves battery locking by abutting the two locking grooves with the two locking portions. The above-mentioned battery locking device requires too many parts and accommodating spaces to be set up in the battery to cooperate with the use of the locking device. The matching parts in the battery specifically include: through grooves, grooves, and locking grooves, which reduce the parts where the battery can store electricity. The battery locking device has a complex structure. The locking motor, worm gear mechanism, connecting rod mechanism and locking lifting parts occupy too much space in the battery compartment. The space in the battery compartment is occupied by the battery locking device, which reduces the space for storing batteries in the battery compartment. Therefore, in order to meet the use of the above-mentioned battery locking device in the production stage of electric vehicles and batteries, it is necessary to further increase the volume of the battery, especially the size in the thickness direction, and expand the capacity of the battery compartment to meet the battery power requirements of electric vehicles.

[0004] The battery locking device mentioned above can only lock one battery at a time, resulting in too many locking devices being placed in the battery compartment, thereby reducing the space available for placing batteries in the battery compartment. When the locking device mentioned above locks the battery, the locking device needs to continuously provide locking force to keep the locking portion in the locked position. The electric vehicle needs to continuously provide power to the existing locking device, which means that the electric vehicle battery has to continuously provide power to the locking device to fix the battery while bearing the pressure of endurance, increasing power loss. When the battery power in the battery compartment is reduced, the locking device will be unable to continuously provide sufficient locking force due to the reduced power, resulting in poor battery locking firmness and causing the battery to shift in the battery compartment. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides a battery locking device for electric vehicles to solve the technical problem that the use of existing battery locking devices occupies a large amount of space for the battery itself and the space for the accommodating cavity, thereby reducing the effective use volume of the battery and affecting the battery life, or increasing the overall volume of the battery, resulting in the inability to smoothly move the battery out along the length or width direction of the vehicle body without lifting the electric vehicle or digging a pit in the battery swap parking space.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present application is: a battery locking device for electric vehicles, the electric vehicle comprising a battery and a battery bracket, the battery bracket being provided with a receiving cavity for receiving the battery, the battery being moved into and out of the receiving cavity along a first direction, the battery locking device comprising a locking structure movably arranged on the electric vehicle, the locking structure comprising a protrusion protruding toward the interior of the receiving cavity; the battery having a first end face extending along the first direction, and a second end face extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first end face being provided with an avoidance groove extending along the first direction to avoid the protrusion; the locking structure can be moved along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction to have a locking position for locking the battery and an unlocking position for disengaging from the battery, wherein in the locking position, the protrusion abuts against the second end face to limit the movement of the battery along the first direction.

[0007] The battery locking device for electric vehicles described in this application also includes the following additional technical features:

[0008] The locking structure includes a first stop portion, and in the locking position, the first stop portion abuts against the battery to limit the upward displacement of the battery; the battery locking device also includes a transmission structure rotatably connected to the electric vehicle through a rotating shaft, and the locking structure also includes a locking member; one of the locking member and the transmission structure is provided with a driving guide groove, and the other is provided with a driving guide portion adapted to the driving guide groove; in the locking position, the driving guide portion abuts against one side of the driving guide groove, and the connecting line at the abutment position of the rotating shaft and the driving guide portion with the driving guide groove is arranged at an angle to the vertical direction, so that the transmission structure and the locking member are in a mutually locked dead point position.

[0009] The electric vehicle is also provided with a driving member, the transmission structure is provided with a connecting end, the connecting end is connected to the driving member, the driving member can drive the transmission structure to rotate, and the driving guide moves along the driving guide groove to drive the locking structure to move along the third direction.

[0010] The transmission structure includes a first transmission part having the rotating shaft or an axial hole adapted to the rotating shaft, a second transmission part cooperating with the driving member, and a third transmission part provided with the driving guide groove or the driving guide part, a first connecting line is provided between the center of the first transmission part and the center of the second transmission part, a second connecting line is provided between the center of the first transmission part and the center of the third transmission part, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line are arranged at an angle.

[0011] The driving member is provided with a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism is provided with a matching end rotatably connected to the second transmission part.

[0012] The electric vehicle is provided with a driving member, and the battery locking device also includes a transmission structure rotatably connected to the electric vehicle through a rotating shaft, the transmission structure is provided with a connecting end, and the connecting end is connected to the driving member; the locking structure also includes a locking member that moves synchronously with the protruding portion, one of the locking member and the transmission structure is provided with a driving guide groove, and the other is provided with a driving guide portion adapted to the driving guide groove; the driving member can drive the transmission structure to rotate, and the driving guide portion moves along the driving guide groove to enable the locking structure to move along the third direction; the battery locking device is provided with a positioning bracket fixedly connected to the electric vehicle, one of the positioning bracket and the locking member is provided with an installation guide groove along the third direction, and the other is provided with a guide portion that matches the installation guide groove, and the projection of the locking member and the positioning bracket along the second direction at least partially overlaps.

[0013] The positioning bracket is provided with a mounting portion extending along the third direction to rotatably cooperate with the transmission structure, and the projections of the mounting portion and the transmission structure along the second direction are located outside the projection of the battery along the second direction.

[0014] The battery bracket includes a side plate arranged opposite to the first end face along the first direction, a supporting portion for supporting the battery is provided between the two opposite side plates, the driving member is arranged below the supporting portion, and an escape space is formed between two adjacent supporting portions for the locking structure to move along the third direction.

[0015] A plurality of locking structures are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the accommodating cavity can accommodate a plurality of the batteries arranged along the first direction, and two opposite second end faces of two adjacent batteries respectively abut against the protrusions of the same locking structure to respectively limit the movement of the batteries along the first direction.

[0016] The locking structure further includes a second stopper. At the locking position, the second stopper abuts against the first end surface to limit displacement of the battery along the second direction.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present application provides a protruding portion protruding toward the inside of the accommodating cavity, and provides an avoidance groove on the first end face of the battery to avoid the protruding portion, and utilizes the protruding portion to abut against the second end face of the battery, so that the battery is firmly fixed in the first direction. By providing an avoidance groove to avoid the protruding portion, the battery and the protruding portion can be prevented from interfering with each other during the process of moving the battery in and out of the accommodating cavity, which not only ensures the feasibility of the battery moving in and out, but also avoids problems such as wear and deformation caused by interference. The battery locking device of the present application utilizes the protruding portion to abut against the first end face of the battery, and the battery does not need to be provided with an additional structure to cooperate with the locking of the battery device. The specific effects are analyzed as follows: On the one hand, the battery does not need to be equipped with a structure to cooperate with the locking, which reduces the complexity of the battery design, helps to achieve a flat design of the battery, and facilitates the battery to be moved in and out for replacement. This avoids the situation where the battery capacity decreases due to the addition of a locking structure occupying the area where the battery stores electricity, and then the battery volume is increased to make up for the battery capacity; on the other hand, the battery locking device occupies less space in the accommodating cavity, which can avoid the battery locking device affecting the battery storage space. That is, compared with the prior art, on the basis of an accommodating cavity of the same size and volume, the battery locking device in the present application reduces the space occupancy rate of the accommodating cavity, thereby leaving enough space for the battery, helping to increase the width of the battery, thereby ensuring or even increasing the effective capacity of the battery and improving the endurance of the electric vehicle.

[0019] 2. By setting a first stopper, a transmission structure, and a locking member, one of the locking member and the transmission structure is provided with a driving guide groove, and the other is provided with a driving guide part adapted to the driving guide groove, and the connecting line of the rotating shaft and the driving guide part at the abutting position with the driving guide groove is arranged at an angle with the vertical direction, so that the transmission structure and the locking member are in a mutually locked dead point position. In the locked position, the first stopper locks the battery to limit the upward displacement of the battery, and the battery provides an upward force for the first stopper. The locking structure has a tendency to move in the unlocking direction, and the driving guide part is affected and continues to move along the driving guide groove toward the abutting position. Therefore, setting the angle can offset a part of the movement trend of the locking member through the transmission structure and the rotating shaft, and the other part is offset by the guide groove and the locking member, so that the mechanical locking of the battery locking device is achieved at the dead point position, and there is no need to continuously provide the locking force of the battery locking device to achieve continuous locking of the battery, thereby improving the locking firmness of the battery locking device.

[0020] Preferably, a driving component is provided in the electric vehicle so that the electric vehicle can drive the battery locking device to lock and unlock, thereby avoiding the need to provide auxiliary facilities outside the electric vehicle (such as in a battery swap station) to facilitate unlocking when the battery is replaced, thereby improving the efficiency of battery replacement.

[0021] Furthermore, by providing the first transmission part, the second transmission part, and the third transmission part in the transmission structure, on the one hand, the positional relationship between the driving member and the locking member is optimized, the arrangement position of the driving member is more optional, and the space can be better utilized to arrange the driving member, avoiding the influence of the driving member on the battery volume, and improving the space utilization of the accommodating cavity. On the other hand, by setting the angle, the space occupied by the transmission structure during movement is reduced, and contact between the transmission structure and the battery during the locking process is avoided. After the driving guide reaches the abutment position of the driving guide groove, the driving member stops driving at the dead point position, avoiding the consumption of battery power caused by the driving member continuously providing drive. When the battery of the electric vehicle is low, the battery locking device can still lock the battery firmly, improving the locking reliability of the battery locking device.

[0022] Furthermore, the driving member has a telescopic mechanism, which drives the transmission structure to rotate, thereby further reducing the rotation angle of the transmission structure, optimizing the arrangement position of the driving member, and improving the space utilization rate of the accommodating cavity.

[0023] 3. By setting a positioning bracket fixedly connected to the electric vehicle, one of the positioning bracket and the locking member is provided with an installation guide groove along the third direction, and the other of the two is provided with a guide portion that cooperates with the installation guide groove, the locking member and the positioning bracket are at least partially overlapped in projection along the first direction, reducing the space occupied by the locking member and the positioning bracket, the locking member can be partially hidden in the positioning bracket or the positioning bracket is partially hidden in the locking member, so that a tight connection is formed between the locking member and the positioning bracket, improving the stability of the battery locking device, reducing the use of connecting parts, improving the compactness of the battery locking device, and reducing the space occupied by the battery locking device. In one embodiment, the projection of the locking member and the positioning bracket along the first direction completely overlaps, the locking member can be completely accommodated by the positioning bracket or the positioning bracket is accommodated by the locking member, further improving the compactness of the battery locking device, reducing the space occupied by the battery locking device, and thus reducing the impact of the battery locking device on the battery volume.

[0024] Furthermore, by arranging a mounting portion to cooperate with the transmission structure, the mounting portion is arranged on the positioning bracket along the third direction, and the projections of the mounting portion and the transmission structure along the second direction are located outside the projection of the battery along the second direction, thereby reducing or even avoiding the occupation of the space in the accommodating cavity by the mounting portion and the transmission structure, avoiding the arrangement of the mounting portion and the transmission structure from affecting the battery, and protecting the battery placement space.

[0025] Furthermore, the redundant space in the accommodating cavity is used to place the driving component to avoid the driving component occupying the space in the accommodating cavity. The locking structure can move along the third direction in the avoidance space, further reducing the space required for the battery locking device during the locking process and avoiding the battery from being affected by the battery locking device.

[0026] 4. The present application arranges the locking structures at intervals along the first direction, and the two opposite second end faces of adjacent batteries respectively abut against the protrusions of the same locking structure, so that the locking structure can better abut the battery. One battery locking device can lock two batteries, thereby optimizing the arrangement of the battery locking device, reducing the use of the battery locking device, and improving the utilization rate of the battery storage space of the electric vehicle.

[0027] 5. By setting the second stopper to abut the first end face of the battery, the contact area between the locking structure and the battery is increased, and the locking effect of the battery locking device as a whole is improved. In one embodiment, the locking structure has a protruding portion, a first stopper, and a second stopper, which respectively abut the battery to limit the movement of the battery along the third direction, increase the contact area between the locking structure and the battery, and further enhance the locking effect of the battery locking device as a whole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of a battery locking device, a battery, and a battery bracket in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of a battery locking device and a battery in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination relationship between the battery locking device and the battery when the battery locking device is in the unlocked position in one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a front view of the locking structure in one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is an assembly diagram of a locking structure and a transmission structure in one implementation mode of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is an axial side view of a transmission structure in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of locking of a locking structure and a transmission structure in one implementation of the present application;

[0037] Fig. 9This is an axial side view of the connection between the locking structure, the transmission structure and the driving member in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the positioning bracket and the locking member in one implementation manner of the present application;

[0039] Fig.11 for Fig.10 AA section view;

[0040] Fig.12 for Fig.10 Side view of

[0041] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the battery and the battery locking device in one embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A magnified view of part B;

[0043] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of the driving member, the battery, and the supporting portion in one embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of the driving member, the supporting portion, and the battery locking device in one embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of a battery locking device in one embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.18 This is a simplified diagram of the arrangement of the battery locking device in another embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 1: Battery;

[0049] 110: first end surface; 120: second end surface; 130: avoidance groove; 1310: inner top surface; 140: top surface;

[0050] 2: Battery locking device;

[0051] 2100: locking structure; 2110: protruding portion; 2111: side surface; 2120: first stop portion; 2121: lower end surface; 2130: locking member; 2131: driving guide groove; 2132: guide portion; 2140: second stop portion;

[0052] 2200: transmission structure; 2210: driving guide; 2211: guide shaft hole; 2212: single-head bolt; 2213: fixing nut; 2220: second transmission part; 2221: matching hole: 2230: first transmission part; 2231: shaft hole; 2240: third transmission part: α: first angle; β: second angle;

[0053] 2300: shaft;

[0054] 2400: positioning bracket; 2410: installation guide groove; 2411: upper cover plate; 2412: side plate; 2413: bottom plate; 2420: installation part; 2421: upper clamping part; 2422: lower clamping part; 2423: installation shaft hole;

[0055] 3: driving member; 3100: telescopic mechanism; 3110: mechanism shaft hole; 3200: rotating shaft;

[0056] 4: battery bracket; 4100: side panel; 4200: supporting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present application, a detailed description is given below in an illustrative manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0058] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in each embodiment may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0059] In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0060] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a battery locking device 2 is used in an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes a battery 1 and a battery bracket 4. The battery bracket 4 is provided with a receiving cavity for receiving the battery 1. The battery 1 moves in and out of the receiving cavity along a first direction. The battery locking device 2 includes a locking structure 2100 movably arranged on the electric vehicle. The locking structure 2100 includes a protrusion 2110 protruding toward the interior of the receiving cavity.

[0063] The battery 1 has a first end surface 110 extending along a first direction, and a second end surface 120 extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first end surface 110 is provided with an escape groove 130 extending along the first direction to escape the protrusion 2110 .

[0064] The locking structure 2100 can move along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction to have a locking position for locking the battery 1 and an unlocking position for disengaging from the battery 1. In the locking position, the protrusion 2110 has a side surface 2111, which abuts against the second end surface 120 through the side surface 2111 to limit the movement of the battery 1 along the first direction.

[0065] exist Figure 1 In the figure, the length direction of the battery 1 is the first direction, the width direction of the battery 1 is the second direction, and Figure 2 In the figure, the vertical direction is the third direction.

[0066] Figure 4 The locking structure 2100 and the battery 1 are in the unlocked position. Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, preferably, the protrusion 2110 has a side surface 2111, and the side surface 2111 abuts against the second end surface 120 to limit the movement of the battery 1 along the first direction. By abutting against the side surface 2111 and the second end surface 120, the contact area between the protrusion 2110 and the battery 1 can be increased, and the probability of deformation at the abutting position between the two can be reduced.

[0067] Specifically, by providing a protruding portion 2110 protruding toward the inside of the accommodating cavity, and providing an avoidance groove 130 on the first end face 110 of the battery 1 to avoid the protruding portion 2110, and utilizing the side 2111 of the protruding portion 2110 to abut against the second end face 120 of the battery 1, the battery 1 is firmly fixed in the first direction. By providing an avoidance groove 130 to avoid the protruding portion 2110, the battery 1 and the protruding portion 2110 can be prevented from interfering with each other during the process of moving the battery 1 in and out of the accommodating cavity, which not only ensures the feasibility of the operation of moving the battery 1 in and out, but also avoids problems such as wear and deformation caused by interference. The battery locking device 2 of the present application utilizes the protruding portion 2110 to abut against the first end face 110 of the battery 1. On the one hand, the battery 1 does not need to be equipped with a matching locking structure, which reduces the complexity of the design of the battery 1, helps to achieve a flat design of the battery 1, and facilitates the movement of the battery 1 in and out for replacement. At the same time, it avoids the situation that the capacity of battery 1 decreases due to the addition of a locking structure occupying the part where the battery 1 stores electricity, and then the volume of battery 1 is increased to make up for the capacity of battery 1; on the other hand, the battery locking device 2 in the accommodating cavity occupies less space, which can avoid the battery locking device 2 affecting the storage space of battery 1. That is, compared with the prior art, on the basis of an accommodating cavity of the same size and volume, the battery locking device 2 in the present application reduces the space occupancy rate of the accommodating cavity, thereby leaving enough space for the battery 1, which helps to increase the width direction of the battery 1, thereby ensuring or even increasing the effective capacity of the battery 1 and improving the endurance of the electric vehicle.

[0068] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the present application may adopt any one of the following implementations to drive the locking structure 2100 to move and realize the switching between the unlocking and locking positions:

[0069] Embodiment 1: A transmission part is provided on the locking structure 2100, and the transmission part can be a rod with a thread or an unlocking part that can cooperate with the thread. The unlocking part moves through the thread of the rod. The auxiliary device of the electric vehicle or the battery replacement facility has a rod or an unlocking part. After the battery 1 enters the accommodating cavity and reaches a fixed position, the transmission part is driven by the auxiliary device to move so that the locking structure 2100 moves along the third direction, thereby realizing that the protrusion 2110 presses against the second end face 120 of the battery, thereby limiting the movement of the battery 1 along the first direction.

[0070] Embodiment 2: A push-pull portion is provided on the locking structure 2100, and the electric vehicle is provided with a driving assembly. The driving assembly has a telescopic portion fixedly connected to the push-pull portion, and the telescopic portion is telescoped toward a third direction. The locking structure 2100 is driven to move along the third direction by pushing or pulling the push-pull portion, so that the protrusion 2110 abuts against the second end surface 120.

[0071] Embodiment 3: The difference between Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is that the locking structure 2100 further includes a first stopper 2120, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the first stopper 2120 has a lower end surface 2121, and the battery 1 has a top surface 140. In the locked position, the lower end surface 2121 abuts against the top surface 140 to limit the upward displacement of the battery 1. By providing the first stopper 2120, the stability of the battery locking device 2 is improved. Furthermore, the lower end surface 2121 of the first stopper 2120 is arranged to abut against the inner top surface 1310 of the avoidance groove 130. Through this arrangement, the space of the avoidance groove 130 is utilized, the space utilization rate of the battery locking device 2 is improved, the volume of the battery locking device 2 is reduced, and the influence of the battery locking device 2 on the space in the accommodating cavity is reduced.

[0072] Implementation method 4: Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the locking structure 2100 includes a first stopper 2120. When in the locked position, the lower end surface 2121 of the first stopper 2120 abuts against the top surface 140 of the battery 1 to limit the upward displacement of the battery 1. Figure 4 In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the first stopper 2120 can abut against the inner top surface 1310 of the avoidance groove 130 to limit the upward displacement of the battery 1. This further reduces the impact of the battery locking device 2 on the volume of the accommodating cavity. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the battery locking device 2 further includes a transmission structure 2200 rotatably connected to the electric vehicle via a rotating shaft 2300 , an escape zone corresponding to the rotating shaft 2300 is provided on the locking structure 2100 , and the locking structure 2100 further includes a locking member 2130 .

[0073] In this embodiment, the locking member 2130 and the transmission structure 2200 can be matched in any one of the following embodiments:

[0074] Example 2: Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the locking member 2130 is provided with a driving guide groove 2131, and the driving guide groove 2131 is horizontally opened on the locking member 2130. In this embodiment, the opening direction and length of the driving guide groove 2131 are not limited, and it can be set horizontally or obliquely. When it is set horizontally, it helps to save materials of the transmission structure 2200 and the locking member 2130 and avoid occupying too much space. When it is set obliquely, it is convenient for the driving guide part 2210 to move along the driving guide groove 2131. The transmission structure 2200 is provided with a driving guide part 2210 adapted to the driving guide groove 2131. As shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the driving guide portion 2210 is composed of a single-head bolt 2212 and a fixing nut 2213 disposed in the guide portion shaft hole 2211 of the transmission component 2200, and the threaded end of the single-head bolt 2212 passes through the guide portion shaft hole 2211 and is threadedly connected with the fixing nut 2213 to achieve fixation. The non-threaded end of the single-head bolt 2212 moves laterally in the driving guide groove 2131, driving the locking member 2130 to move downward.

[0075] Embodiment 3: Different from Embodiment 2, a driving guide groove 2131 is provided on the transmission structure 2200 , and a driving guide portion 2210 is provided on the locking member 2130 .

[0076] It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the driving guide portion 2210 is formed by the cooperation of a single-headed bolt 2212 and a fixing nut 2213. A cylinder may also be welded on the transmission structure 2200 or the locking member 2130, or the guide portion shaft hole 2211 may have an internal thread to cooperate with the single-headed bolt 2212 for fixation, or a protruding structure matching the driving guide groove 2131 may be produced on the transmission structure 2200 or the locking member 2130 through cutting, stamping and other processes, or the driving guide portion 2210 may be integrally formed by casting when producing the transmission structure 2200 or the locking member 2130, or a cylinder matching the driving guide groove 2131 may be connected to the guide portion shaft hole 2211 by a key.

[0077] In this embodiment, the connection relationship between the locking member 2130 and the protrusion 2110 or the first stop portion 2120 is not limited, and can be bolted connection, magnetic connection, welding, cutting on the locking member 2130 to form the protrusion 2110 and / or the first stop portion 2120, etc.

[0078] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the locking member 2130 is fixedly connected to the first stopper 2120 and the protruding portion 2110 by bolts. The transmission structure 2200 rotates through the rotating shaft 2300, and the single-head bolt 2212 is driven along the driving guide groove 2131. Figure 8The locking structure 2100 moves to the right side, and the driving guide portion 2210 abuts against the right side of the driving guide groove 2131. Figure 8 As shown, at this time, the connecting line of the abutting position of the rotating shaft 2300 and the single-head bolt 2212 and the driving guide groove 2131 forms a first angle α with the vertical direction, so that the transmission structure 2200 and the locking member 2130 are in a mutually locked dead point position. Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, in the locked position, the lower end surface 2121 of the first stopper 2120 abuts against the top surface 140 of the battery 1. In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the lower end surface 2121 abuts against the top surface 1310 in the avoidance groove 130 to limit the upward displacement of the battery 1. The battery 1 provides an upward force for the first stopper 2120, and the locking structure 2100 has a tendency to move in the unlocking direction. The driving guide 2210 is affected upward by the driving guide groove 2131. The connecting line of the abutting position of the rotating shaft 2300 and the single-head bolt 2212 and the driving guide groove 2131 forms a first angle α with the vertical direction, so that the driving guide 2210 continues to abut against the abutting position along the driving guide groove 2131. Therefore, the first angle α can be set to offset a part of the movement trend of the locking structure 2100 through the transmission structure 2200 and the rotating shaft 2300, and the other part is offset by the driving guide groove 2131 through the locking member 2130. Therefore, a dead point is formed at the abutting position, and the mechanical locking of the battery locking device 2 is realized. After the battery locking device 2 reaches the dead point position, the driving force is no longer required, and the locking position can be kept fixed. There is no need to continuously provide locking force to the battery locking device 2 to continuously lock the battery 1, thereby improving the locking firmness of the battery locking device 2.

[0079] The driving mode of the transmission structure 2200 in this embodiment can be any one of the following embodiments:

[0080] Example 5: Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the transmission structure 2200 is driven to rotate by an external driving device. Specifically, a driving component is provided in the auxiliary device of the battery swapping facility of the battery swapping station. When the battery 1 needs to be replaced, the auxiliary device drives the transmission structure 2200 to rotate through the rotating shaft 2300, thereby realizing the driving guide part 2210 to move along the driving guide groove 2131, so that the locking member 2130 moves along the third direction, so as to switch the locking state and the unlocking state of the battery locking device 2.

[0081] Example 6: Figure 8 , Fig. 9As shown, the electric vehicle is also provided with a driving member 3, and the transmission structure 2200 is provided with a connecting end, which is connected to the driving member 3. The driving member 3 can drive the transmission structure 2200 to rotate, and the driving guide part 2210 moves along the driving guide groove 2131 to make the locking structure 2100 move along the third direction.

[0082] By setting the driving member 3 in the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle can drive the battery locking device 2 to lock and unlock, avoiding the need for auxiliary facilities to cooperate with unlocking when changing the battery, and improving the efficiency of replacing the battery 1. Through the setting of the transmission structure 2200, the positional relationship between the driving member 3 and the locking member 2130 is released, and the layout of the components of the battery locking device 2 is more optional, which can optimize the component layout of the battery locking device 2 as a whole, avoid the impact of the battery locking device 2 on the volume of the battery 1, and improve the space utilization of the accommodating cavity. After the driving guide 2210 reaches the abutment position of the driving guide groove 2131, the driving member 3 stops driving at the dead point position, avoiding the driving member 3 always providing driving and causing the battery 1 to consume electricity. When the electric vehicle is low in electricity, the battery locking device 2 can still lock the battery 1 firmly, improving the locking reliability of the battery locking device 2.

[0083] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the connection form between the transmission structure 2200 and the driving member 3 in embodiment 6 can be any one of the following examples:

[0084] Example 1: The transmission structure 2200 uses the rotating shaft 2300 or the driving guide 2210 as the connection end with the driving member 3, and the driving member 3 is provided with an output portion for driving the rotating shaft 2300 to rotate or a telescopic portion for pushing the driving guide 2210, so that the driving guide 2210 moves along the driving guide groove 2131. In a specific example of this example, the transmission structure 2200 is a cam, and the outer contour of the cam constitutes the driving guide 2210.

[0085] Example 2: The transmission structure 2200 includes a first transmission part 2230 having a rotating shaft 2300 or an axial hole 2231 adapted to the rotating shaft 2300, a second transmission part 2220 that cooperates with the driving member 3 for transmission, the second transmission part 2220 serving as a connecting end between the transmission structure 2200 and the driving member 3, and a third transmission part 2240 provided with a driving guide groove 2131 or a driving guide part 2210, a first connecting line is defined between the center of the first transmission part 2230 and the center of the second transmission part 2220, a second connecting line is defined between the center of the first transmission part 2230 and the center of the third transmission part 2240, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line are collinear.

[0086] Example 3: The transmission structure 2200 includes a first transmission part 2230 having a rotating shaft 2300 or an axial hole 2231 adapted to the rotating shaft 2300, a second transmission part 2220 that is in transmission cooperation with the driving member 3, the second transmission part 2220 being a connecting end of the transmission structure 2200 and the driving member 3, and a third transmission part 2240 having a driving guide groove 2131 or a driving guide part 2210, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, there is a first connecting line between the center of the first transmission part 2230 and the center of the second transmission part 2220, there is a second connecting line between the center of the first transmission part 2230 and the center of the third transmission part 2240, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line are arranged at a second angle β.

[0087] By setting the first transmission part 2230, the second transmission part 2220, and the third transmission part 2240, on the one hand, the positional relationship between the driving member 3 and the locking member 2130 is optimized, the arrangement position of the driving member 3 is more optional, and the space can be better utilized to arrange the driving member 3, avoiding the influence of the driving member 3 on the volume of the battery 1, and improving the space utilization rate of the accommodating cavity. On the other hand, by setting the second angle β, the space occupied by the transmission structure 2200 during the movement is reduced, and the contact between the transmission structure 2200 and the battery 1 during the locking process is avoided. After the driving guide part 2210 reaches the abutment position of the driving guide groove 2131, the driving member 3 stops driving at the dead point position, avoiding the driving member 3 from providing driving all the time and causing the battery 1 to consume electricity. When the electric vehicle is low in electricity, the battery locking device 2 can still lock the battery 1 firmly, improving the locking reliability of the battery locking device 2.

[0088] In a preferred specific example under Examples 2 and 3, as Fig. 9 As shown, the driving member 3 has a telescopic mechanism 3100, and the telescopic mechanism 3100 is provided with a rotating shaft 3200. The rotating shaft 3200 cooperates with the mechanism shaft hole 3110 set in the telescopic mechanism 3100 and the matching hole 2221 on the second transmission part 2220. The telescopic mechanism 3100 is rotatably connected with the transmission structure 2200. The transmission structure 2200 is driven to rotate by the telescopic mechanism 3100 moving linearly along the arrangement direction, thereby optimizing the arrangement position of the driving member 3 and improving the space utilization rate of the accommodating cavity. In this specific example, there is no limitation on the rotational connection method between the telescopic mechanism 3100 and the second transmission part 2220. The setting method of the rotating shaft 3200 can be to set the rotating shaft 3200 through the mechanism shaft hole 3110 and the matching hole 2221 as in the specific example to achieve rotational connection, or to set the rotating shaft 3200 in the second transmission part 2220 or the telescopic mechanism 3100 through welding, threaded connection, etc., or to form the rotating shaft 3200 in the second transmission part 2220 or the telescopic mechanism 3100 through cutting, stamping, etc. in the production stage, so as to achieve rotational connection between the second transmission part 2220 and the telescopic mechanism 2310.

[0089] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, Fig. 9 As shown, the electric vehicle is provided with a driving member 3, and the battery locking device 2 also includes a transmission structure 2200 rotatably connected to the electric vehicle through a rotating shaft 2300, and the transmission structure 2200 is provided with a connecting end, and the connecting end is connected to the driving member 3; the locking structure 2100 also includes a locking member 2130 that moves synchronously with the protruding portion 2110, and one of the locking member 2130 and the transmission structure 2200 is provided with a driving guide groove 2131, and the other is provided with a driving guide portion 2210 adapted to the driving guide groove 2131; the driving member 3 can drive the transmission structure 2200 to rotate, and the driving guide portion 2210 moves along the driving guide groove 2131 to enable the locking structure 2100 to move along the third direction; as shown Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the battery locking device 2 is provided with a positioning bracket 2400 fixedly connected to the electric vehicle, one of the positioning bracket 2400 and the locking member 2130 is provided with an installation guide groove 2410 along a third direction, and the other is provided with a guide portion 2132 matching the installation guide groove 2410, and the locking member 2130 and the positioning bracket 2400 are at least partially overlapped when projected along the second direction.

[0090] In this embodiment, if Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the cooperation mode of the positioning bracket 2400 and the locking member 2130 can be any one of the following embodiments to achieve at least partial overlap of the projection of the locking member 2130 and the positioning bracket 2400 along the second direction:

[0091] Embodiment 7: The positioning bracket 2400 is provided with an inwardly recessed groove as the installation guide groove 2410, and the locking member 2130 is provided with a protruding structure as the guide portion 2132, and the protruding structure is placed in the groove to achieve matching. In a specific example under this embodiment, Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the installation guide groove 2410 is composed of an upper cover plate 2411, a side plate 2412, and a bottom plate 2413. Fig.10 The upper cover plate 2411 and the bottom plate 2413 are arranged in the horizontal direction so as to form an installation guide groove 2410 for accommodating the locking member 2130. The two sides of the locking member 2130 serve as guide parts 2132, which are placed in the installation guide groove 2410 to achieve complete overlap between the projection of the locking member 2130 and the positioning bracket 2400 in the second direction.

[0092] Embodiment 8: Both sides of the locking member 2130 are concave inward to form grooves as installation guide grooves 2410, and a protruding structure matching with the groove is provided on the positioning bracket 2400 as a guide part 2132, and the protruding structure is placed in the groove to achieve matching.

[0093] By providing a positioning bracket 2400 fixedly connected to the electric vehicle, one of the positioning bracket 2400 and the locking member 2130 is provided with an installation guide groove 2410 along the third direction, and the other is provided with a guide portion 2132 that cooperates with the installation guide groove 2410, the locking member 2130 and the positioning bracket 2400 are at least partially overlapped in projection along the first direction, reducing the space occupied by the locking member 2130 and the positioning bracket 2400, and the locking member 2130 can be partially hidden in the positioning bracket 2400 or the positioning bracket 2400 is partially hidden in the locking member 2130, so that the locking member 2130 and the positioning bracket 2400 are closely connected, improving the stability of the battery locking device 2, reducing the use of connecting members, improving the compactness of the battery locking device 2, and reducing the space occupied by the battery locking device 2. In the example under embodiment 7, the projection of the locking member 2130 and the positioning bracket 2400 along the first direction completely overlaps, and the locking member 2130 can be completely accommodated by the positioning bracket 2400.

[0094] As a preferred embodiment of this implementation, Fig.10 , Fig.14 As shown, the positioning bracket 2400 is provided with a mounting portion 2420 extending in the vertical direction of the figure through the rotating shaft 2300 and rotatably cooperating with the transmission structure 2200, as shown in FIG. Fig.13 , Fig.14 As shown, the projections of the mounting portion 2420 and the transmission structure 2200 along the horizontal direction in the figure are located below the projection of the battery 1 along the horizontal direction in the figure.

[0095] like Fig.10 As shown, the mounting portion 2420 is arranged on the positioning bracket 2400 along the vertical direction in the figure, and is fixedly connected to the positioning bracket 2400 by bolts. Those skilled in the art can know that the connection method between the mounting portion 2420 and the positioning bracket 2400 is not limited to bolt fixed connection, and can also be connected by welding, key connection and the like, and the mounting portion 2420 can even be directly formed by cutting, stamping, casting and other processes when the positioning bracket 2400 is produced.

[0096] like Fig.10 , Fig.12 , Fig.14 As shown, the mounting portion 2420 has an upper clamping portion 2421 and a lower clamping portion 2422, and a mounting shaft hole 2423 is provided on the upper clamping portion 2421 and the lower clamping portion 2422. The mounting portion 2420 and the transmission structure 2200 are connected through the rotating shaft 2300. The mounting portion 2420 and the transmission structure 2200 are arranged at Fig.13 , 14 The battery 1 is shown below the battery 1 in the accommodating cavity, and is located below the bottom surface of the battery 1 in the accommodating cavity to avoid interfering with the movement of the battery 1 in the accommodating cavity.

[0097] As a preferred example under this embodiment, Fig.15 , Fig.16 As shown, the battery bracket 4 includes a side plate 4100 arranged opposite to the first end face 110 along the first direction, a supporting portion 4200 for supporting the battery 1 is provided between the two opposite side plates 4100, the driving member 3 is arranged below the supporting portion 4200, and an escape space is formed between two adjacent supporting portions 4200 for the locking structure 2100 to move along the vertical direction in the figure.

[0098] A preferred implementation of the battery locking device 2 of the present application arranged in an electric vehicle is as follows: Fig.17 , Fig.18 As shown, the locking structure 2100 is along a first direction, such as Fig.17 , Fig.18 As shown, there are multiple batteries 1 arranged in the left and right directions at intervals, and the accommodating cavity can accommodate multiple batteries 1 arranged along the first direction. The two opposite second end faces 120 of two adjacent batteries 1 are respectively abutted against the protrusions 2110 of the same locking structure 2100 to respectively limit the movement of the batteries 1 along the first direction. By arranging the locking structures 2100 at intervals along the first direction, the two opposite second end faces 120 of the adjacent batteries 1 are respectively abutted against the protrusions 2100 of the same locking structure 2100, so that the locking structure 2100 can better abut the batteries 1, and one battery locking device 2 can lock two batteries 1, which optimizes the arrangement of the battery locking device 2, reduces the use of the battery locking device 2, and improves the utilization rate of the storage space of the electric vehicle battery 1. The number of batteries 1 in the accommodating cavity can be selected by the user. When the cruising range needs to be increased, the number of batteries 1 in the accommodating cavity can be selected by the user at a location with battery 1 replacement service such as a battery replacement facility. The user can also select the number of battery locking devices 2 used to fix the battery 1 to facilitate the fixing of the added battery 1.

[0099] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the battery locking device 2 can be any one of the following embodiments:

[0100] Embodiment 9: One battery 1 is equipped with four battery locking devices 2.

[0101] Example 10: Fig.18 As shown, two adjacent batteries 1 share a locking structure 2100, and the battery locking devices 2 are arranged diagonally.

[0102] Example 11: Fig.17As shown, two adjacent batteries 1 share two locking structures 2100 , and the battery locking devices 2 are symmetrically arranged.

[0103] Embodiment 12: One battery 1 is equipped with three battery locking devices 2.

[0104] In addition, the present application also provides a reference for setting the avoidance groove 130 in the electric vehicle and the battery locking device 2 in the battery 1. Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the avoidance groove 130 is provided in sections in the electric vehicle, the avoidance groove 130 has a section surface facing the first direction, and the battery locking device 2 is provided on the battery 1. After the battery 1 reaches the fixed position, the protrusion 2110 on the locking structure 2100 abuts against the section surface of the avoidance groove 130 on the electric vehicle to lock the battery 1.

[0105] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the locking structure 2100 further includes a second stopper 2140. In the locking position, the second stopper 2140 abuts against the first end surface 110 to limit the battery 1 from moving in the second direction. Figure 3 The displacement of the battery 1 in the width direction is shown.

[0106] By providing the second stopper 2140 to abut against the first end surface 110 of the battery 1, the contact area between the locking structure 2100 and the battery 1 is increased, thereby improving the overall locking effect of the battery locking device 2. Figure 4 , Figure 5 The locking structure 2100 shown has a protruding portion 2110, a first stop portion 2120, and a second stop portion 2140, which respectively abut against the battery 1 to limit the movement of the battery 1, increase the contact area between the locking structure 2100 and the battery 1, and further enhance the overall locking effect of the battery locking device 2. In an example under this embodiment, the protruding portion 2110 and the second stop portion 2140 are provided with a guide section, and the battery locking device 2 of the present application can adjust the position of the battery 1 during the locking process through the guide section, avoid errors in the position of the battery 1, and improve the locking effect.

[0107] Anything not described in this application can be achieved by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0108] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0109] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery locking device for an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprising a battery and a battery bracket, the battery bracket being provided with a receiving cavity for receiving the battery, the battery being moved into and out of the receiving cavity along a first direction, the battery locking device comprising a locking structure movably arranged on the electric vehicle, characterized in that: The locking structure includes a protrusion protruding toward the interior of the accommodating cavity; The battery has a first end surface extending along the first direction, and a second end surface extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the first end surface is provided with an avoidance groove extending along the first direction to avoid the protrusion; The locking structure can move along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction to have a locking position for locking the battery and an unlocking position for disengaging from the battery. In the locking position, the protrusion abuts against the second end surface to limit the movement of the battery along the first direction.

2. A battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises a first stopper, and in the locking position, the first stopper abuts against the battery to limit the upward displacement of the battery; The battery locking device further includes a transmission structure rotatably connected to the electric vehicle via a rotating shaft, and the locking structure further includes a locking member; One of the locking member and the transmission structure is provided with a driving guide groove, and the other of the two is provided with a driving guide portion adapted to the driving guide groove; In the locking position, the driving guide portion abuts against one side of the driving guide groove, and the line connecting the rotating shaft and the driving guide portion at the abutment position with the driving guide groove is arranged at an angle to the vertical direction, so that the transmission structure and the locking member are in a mutually locked dead point position.

3. A battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric vehicle is also provided with a driving member, the transmission structure is provided with a connecting end, the connecting end is connected to the driving member, the driving member can drive the transmission structure to rotate, and the driving guide moves along the driving guide groove to drive the locking structure to move along the third direction.

4. A battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission structure includes a first transmission part having the rotating shaft or an axial hole adapted to the rotating shaft, a second transmission part cooperating with the driving member, and a third transmission part provided with the driving guide groove or the driving guide part, a first connecting line is provided between the center of the first transmission part and the center of the second transmission part, a second connecting line is provided between the center of the first transmission part and the center of the third transmission part, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line are arranged at an angle.

5. A battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving member is provided with a telescopic mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism is provided with a matching end rotatably connected to the second transmission part.

6. The battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric vehicle is provided with a driving member, and the battery locking device further comprises a transmission structure rotatably connected to the electric vehicle via a rotating shaft, wherein the transmission structure is provided with a connecting end, and the connecting end is connected to the driving member; The locking structure further comprises a locking member that moves synchronously with the protruding portion, one of the locking member and the transmission structure is provided with a driving guide groove, and the other of the two is provided with a driving guide portion that is adapted to the driving guide groove; The driving member can drive the transmission structure to rotate, and the driving guide portion moves along the driving guide groove to make the locking structure move along the third direction; The battery locking device is provided with a positioning bracket fixedly connected to the electric vehicle, one of the positioning bracket and the locking member is provided with an installation guide groove along a third direction, and the other is provided with a guide portion matching the installation guide groove, and the locking member and the positioning bracket are at least partially overlapped in projection along the second direction.

7. A battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning bracket is provided with a mounting portion extending along the third direction to rotatably cooperate with the transmission structure, and the projections of the mounting portion and the transmission structure along the second direction are located outside the projection of the battery along the second direction.

8. The battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery bracket includes a side plate arranged opposite to the first end face along the first direction, a supporting portion for supporting the battery is provided between the two opposite side plates, the driving member is arranged below the supporting portion, and an escape space is formed between two adjacent supporting portions for the locking structure to move along the third direction.

9. The battery locking device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of locking structures are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the accommodating cavity can accommodate a plurality of the batteries arranged along the first direction, and two opposite second end faces of two adjacent batteries respectively abut against the protrusions of the same locking structure to respectively limit the movement of the batteries along the first direction.

10. A battery locking device for electric vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The locking structure further includes a second stopper. At the locking position, the second stopper abuts against the first end surface to limit displacement of the battery along the second direction.

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