Combined cooling heating and power system based on pure ammonia fuel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a combined cooling heating and power system based on pure ammonia fuel. A pure ammonia fuel supply system comprises a liquid ammonia temperature adjusting device, a liquid ammonia evaporation device, an ammonia gas cracking device, a gas storage adjusting device and plasma ignition combustors, a first plasma ignition combustor is arranged in the ammonia gas cracking device, and a second plasma ignition combustor is arranged between the liquid ammonia evaporation device and a boiler. Rapid ignition and stable and continuous combustion of the pure ammonia fuel are achieved, then the working stability of an internal combustion engine generator set, a gas turbine generator set, a fuel cell and a boiler using the pure ammonia fuel is improved, meanwhile, due to the fact that the pure ammonia fuel is used, greenhouse gas emission is reduced, and the air quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy, and in particular to a cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen has great potential as a renewable clean fuel, but its low energy density and low ignition energy pose great challenges to the safety of transportation and storage. As a derivative of hydrogen, ammonia is a promising renewable energy source. The only products of complete combustion are nitrogen and water, and the production and transportation process is already quite mature.

[0003] The hydrogen storage density of liquid ammonia is higher than that of liquid hydrogen, so it can be used directly as an energy source. However, since ammonia has poor combustion characteristics as an energy fuel, its laminar combustion velocity and calorific value are both low, while the energy required for ignition is high, the ignition temperature is high, the explosion limit is narrow, and it is not easy to ignite and burn continuously. Therefore, how to achieve rapid ignition and stable and continuous combustion of pure ammonia fuel, and provide different users of cold, hot and electric power with fuel gas that meets the requirements, has become a difficult problem that the industry urgently needs to overcome. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a combined heat and power system based on pure ammonia fuel, which solves the technical problem that pure ammonia fuel is difficult to ignite and continuously burn when ammonia fuel is used for different users of heat, cooling and electric power.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical solutions adopted by the utility model include:

[0008] The utility model provides a combined heat and power system based on pure ammonia fuel, including a liquid ammonia temperature regulating device, a liquid ammonia evaporating device, an ammonia cracking device and a gas storage regulating device, the ammonia cracking device includes a first plasma ignition burner and a cracking heat exchanger, the first plasma ignition burner is used to heat the cracking heat exchanger; the liquid outlet of the liquid ammonia temperature regulating device is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid ammonia evaporating device to output the temperature-regulated liquid ammonia to the liquid ammonia evaporating device; the gas outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporating device can be selectively connected to the first plasma ignition burner, the cracking heat exchanger, the gas storage regulating device and the boiler respectively. The furnace is provided with a second plasma ignition burner between the liquid ammonia evaporation device and the boiler, the gas outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation device is communicated with the gas inlet of the second plasma ignition burner, the smoke outlet of the second plasma ignition burner is communicated with the smoke inlet of the boiler, and the steam outlet of the boiler is used to connect to the steam end; the gas outlet of the cracking heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet of the gas storage regulating device to crack the ammonia to form a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen and output it to the gas storage regulating device; the gas outlet of the gas storage regulating device is used to connect to one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set and the fuel cell.

[0009] Preferably, the first plasma ignition burner and the second plasma ignition burner have the same structure, both including an igniter, an injection box, an ammonia supply unit and a diversion unit, and the front side of the injection box forms a combustion zone; the igniter and the ammonia supply unit in the first plasma ignition burner and the second plasma ignition burner are both connected to the gas outlet of the ammonia evaporation device; the combustion zone of the first plasma ignition burner is used to heat the cracking heat exchanger; the ammonia in the combustion zone of the second plasma ignition burner burns to form flue gas that enters the smoke inlet of the boiler; the front end of the igniter The igniter penetrates the injection box and extends to the front side of the injection box, and the front end of the igniter forms an ignition zone, which is connected to the combustion zone; the inner cavity of the igniter forms a combustion chamber, and the outlet end of the ammonia supply unit is connected to the inner cavity of the injection box; the diversion unit includes an injection module and a heat recovery channel, the injection module is connected to the front side of the injection box and is connected to the inner cavity of the injection box, the ignition zone can preheat the injection module and ignite the ammonia output by the injection module to the combustion zone; the heat recovery channel connects the inner cavity of the injection box and the combustion chamber, so that the ammonia in the inner cavity of the injection box can flow back to the combustion chamber and be ignited.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid ammonia evaporation device includes an evaporator, a circulating water component and a gas pressure-stabilizing tank; the water inlet of the evaporator is connected to the water outlet of the circulating water component, the liquid inlet of the evaporator is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid ammonia temperature control supply device, the gas outlet of the evaporator is connected to the gas inlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing tank, and the first gas outlet, the second gas outlet, the third gas outlet and the fourth gas outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing tank are respectively connected to the first plasma ignition burner, the cracking heat exchanger, the gas storage regulating device and the second plasma ignition burner; the circulating water component is used to exchange heat with the evaporator to vaporize the liquid ammonia in the evaporator to form ammonia gas that enters the gas pressure-stabilizing tank.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid ammonia evaporation device also includes a third plasma ignition burner and a temporary storage tank; the fifth gas outlet of the gas pressure regulating tank is respectively connected to the third plasma ignition burner and the air inlet of the temporary storage tank, the third plasma ignition burner is used to heat the temporary storage tank, and the gas outlet of the temporary storage tank can selectively enter one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set, and the fuel cell.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a gas flow regulating device; the first gas outlet of the gas pressure regulating tank is connected to the first plasma ignition burner through the gas flow regulating device; the gas flow regulating device is used to regulate the gas supply flow of ammonia entering the first plasma ignition burner.

[0013] Preferably, the gas storage and regulating device includes a gas storage tank and a gas regulating device; the gas outlet of the cracking heat exchanger is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage tank, and the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is respectively connected to the first gas inlet of the gas regulating device, the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set, and one or more of the fuel cells, the second gas outlet of the gas pressure stabilizing tank is connected to the second gas inlet of the gas regulating device, and the first gas outlet of the gas regulating device is connected to one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set, and the fuel cell.

[0014] Preferably, two concentration detection devices are also included; the gas outlet of the gas tank is connected to the gas inlet of one concentration detection device, the gas outlet of one concentration detection device is connected to the gas inlet of the first plasma ignition burner, and the one concentration detection device is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the gas tank; the second gas outlet of the gas regulating device is connected to the gas inlet of another concentration detection device, the gas outlet of the other concentration detection device is connected to the gas inlet of the first plasma ignition burner, and the other concentration detection device is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the gas regulating device.

[0015] Preferably, the liquid ammonia temperature control device comprises a liquid storage tank containing liquid ammonia and a temperature control room; the liquid storage tank is arranged in the temperature control room, and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the evaporator to provide liquid ammonia for the evaporator.

[0016] Preferably, the boiler includes a furnace body and a furnace core arranged in the furnace body; a storage space is provided between the furnace body and the furnace core, and the storage space is used to store water; the combustion zone of the second plasma ignition burner is connected to the smoke inlet of the furnace core; a steam channel is provided on the furnace body, the inlet of the steam channel is connected to the storage space, and the outlet of the steam channel is connected to the steam end.

[0017] Preferably, the boiler further comprises a smoke pipe, which is wound around the upper part of the furnace body; the smoke outlet of the furnace is connected to the smoke inlet of the smoke pipe.

[0018] (III) Beneficial effects

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] The utility model discloses a combined heat and power supply system based on pure ammonia fuel. Since a first plasma ignition burner is arranged in an ammonia cracking device and a second plasma ignition burner is arranged between a liquid ammonia evaporation device and a boiler, rapid ignition and stable and continuous combustion of pure ammonia fuel can be achieved, thereby improving the working stability of internal combustion engine generator sets, gas turbine generator sets, fuel cells and boilers when using pure ammonia fuel. At the same time, due to the use of pure ammonia fuel, greenhouse gas emissions are reduced and air quality is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the combined heat, cooling and power system based on pure ammonia fuel of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first plasma ignition burner in FIG.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a gas flow regulating device;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the concentration detection device in FIG.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic cross-section diagram in ;

[0026] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the regulating component;

[0027] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a throttling assembly;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the boiler structure.

[0029] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0030] 1: liquid storage tank; 2: temperature-controlled room; 3: evaporator; 4: gas pressure-stabilizing tank; 5: loop; 6: circulating water pump; 7: air conditioner; 8: first filter; 9: first plasma ignition burner; 91: igniter; 92: injection box; 93: ammonia supply unit; 94: diversion unit; 941: injection module; 942: heat recovery channel; 10: cracking heat exchanger; 11: third plasma ignition burner; 12: gas flow regulating device; 121: first gas supply unit; 1211: second connecting pipeline; 1212: second valve; 1213: buffer tank; 1214: exhaust fan; 1215: third valve; 122: second gas supply assembly; 1221: first gas supply unit; 1222: second gas supply unit; 122n: n-stage gas supply unit; 122a: first connecting pipeline; 122b: first valve; 13: gas storage tank; 14: gas regulating device; 15: concentration detection device; 151: regulating component; 1511: regulating pipeline; 1512: regulating orifice; 1513: regulating hole; 152: cooling component; 1521: cooling box; 1522: cooling pipe; 153: hydrogen measuring component; 1531: buffer box; 1532: hydrogen measuring instrument; 16: second filter; 17: internal combustion engine generator set; 18: gas turbine generator set; 19: boiler; 191: furnace body; 192: furnace core; 193: smoke pipe; 20: second plasma ignition burner; 21: fuel cell; G: throttling component; G1: throttling pipeline; G2: throttling orifice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a combined heat and power system based on pure ammonia fuel, and the combined heat and power system based on pure ammonia fuel includes a liquid ammonia temperature control device, a liquid ammonia evaporation device, an ammonia cracking device and a gas storage and adjustment device, wherein the ammonia cracking device includes a first plasma ignition burner 9 and a cracking heat exchanger 10.

[0033] The liquid ammonia temperature control supply device includes a liquid storage tank 1 containing liquid ammonia, a temperature control room 2 and a first filter 8. The liquid storage tank 1 is arranged in the temperature control room 2. The liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 1 is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation device through the first filter 8 to provide the liquid ammonia evaporation device with temperature-controlled liquid ammonia. The temperature control room 2 provides a temperature-controlled environment of 0°C to 20°C for the liquid storage tank 1, ensuring that the liquid ammonia in the liquid storage tank 1 is at a constant temperature, ensuring that the system pressure is at a stable value of 0.4 to 0.8 MPa, and improving the reliability of the system.

[0034] The gas outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation device can be selectively connected to the first plasma ignition burner 9, the cracking heat exchanger 10, the gas storage regulating device and the boiler 20, so as to heat the liquid ammonia to gasify it to form ammonia gas and selectively output it to the first plasma ignition burner 9, the cracking heat exchanger 10, the gas storage regulating device and the boiler 20. Among them, a second plasma ignition burner 20 is also provided between the liquid ammonia evaporation device and the boiler 19, the gas outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation device is connected to the gas inlet of the second plasma ignition burner 20, the smoke outlet of the second plasma ignition burner 20 is connected to the smoke inlet of the boiler 19, and the steam outlet of the boiler 19 is used to connect to the steam terminal.

[0035] The first plasma ignition burner 9 is used to heat the cracking heat exchanger 10. The gas outlet of the cracking heat exchanger 10 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage regulating device to crack the ammonia to form a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen and output it to the gas storage regulating device.

[0036] The gas outlet of the gas storage regulating device is used to communicate with one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set 17, the gas turbine generator set 18 or the fuel cell 21. The gas storage regulating device can selectively output a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen or a mixture of ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen to one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set 17, the gas turbine generator set 18 or the fuel cell 21. Among them, the gas outlet of the fuel cell 21 is also communicated with the air inlet of the gas turbine generator set 18.

[0037] Since a first plasma ignition burner 9 is arranged in the ammonia cracking device and a second plasma ignition burner 20 is arranged between the liquid ammonia evaporation device and the boiler 19, rapid ignition and stable and continuous combustion of pure ammonia fuel can be achieved, thereby improving the working stability of the internal combustion engine generator set 17, the gas turbine generator set 18, the fuel cell 21 and the boiler 20 when using pure ammonia fuel. At the same time, due to the use of pure ammonia fuel, greenhouse gas emissions are reduced and air quality is improved.

[0038] like Figure 8 As shown, the boiler 19 includes a furnace body 191, a furnace 192 and a smoke pipe 193. The furnace 192 is arranged in the furnace body 191, and the smoke pipe 193 is wound around the upper part of the furnace body 191. A storage space is provided between the furnace body 191 and the furnace 192, and the storage space is used to store water. The combustion zone of the plasma ignition burner 9 is connected to the smoke inlet of the furnace 192, and the smoke outlet of the furnace 192 is connected to the smoke inlet of the smoke pipe 193. A steam channel is provided on the furnace body 191, and the inlet of the steam channel is connected to the storage space, and the outlet of the steam channel is connected to the steam end. Among them, the second plasma ignition burner 20 is connected to the furnace body 191 through a flange.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the first plasma ignition burner 9 and the second plasma ignition burner 20 have the same structure and both include an igniter 91, an injection box 92, an ammonia supply unit 93 and a diversion unit 94, and the front side of the injection box 92 forms a combustion zone.

[0040] Among them, the igniter 91 and the ammonia supply unit 93 in the first plasma ignition burner 9 and the second plasma ignition burner 20 are both connected to the gas outlet of the ammonia evaporator. The combustion zone of the first plasma ignition burner 9 is used to heat the cracking heat exchanger 10. The flue gas formed in the combustion zone of the second plasma ignition burner 20 enters the furnace 192 and the smoke pipe 193 of the boiler 19 to heat the water in the boiler 19, and then evaporates the water in the boiler 19 into water vapor.

[0041] The front end of the igniter 91 passes through the injection box 92 and extends to the front side of the injection box 92. The front end of the igniter 91 forms an ignition zone, which is connected to the combustion zone. The inner cavity of the igniter 91 forms a combustion chamber. The outlet end of the ammonia supply unit 93 is connected to the inner cavity of the injection box 92. The diversion unit 94 includes an injection module 941 and a heat recovery channel 942. The injection module 941 is connected to the front side of the injection box 92 and is connected to the inner cavity of the injection box 92. The ignition zone can preheat the injection module 941 and ignite the ammonia output by the injection module 941 to the combustion zone. The heat recovery channel 942 connects the inner cavity of the injection box 92 and the combustion chamber, so that the ammonia in the inner cavity of the injection box 92 flows back to the combustion chamber and is ignited.

[0042] In this embodiment, a combustion chamber is formed inside the igniter 91. This chamber is where the initial combustion of ammonia occurs. The front end of the igniter 91 is designed as an open structure that penetrates the injection box 92, so that the high-temperature flame and heat generated by the plasma ignition can be directly radiated to the preheating zone, which is convenient for heating the ammonia in the injection box 92, and under the flow of the burning mixed gas, an ignition zone can also be formed on the front side of the injection box 92 to ignite the high-temperature ammonia output by the injection module 941. At the same time, the burning mixed gas output by the combustion chamber can also preheat the injection module 941, thereby increasing the temperature of the ammonia output by the injection module 941, which is conducive to ensuring that the ammonia is ignited.

[0043] The injection module 941 and the heat recovery channel 942 divide the ammonia into two output directions. Most of the ammonia is output through the injection module 941 and can be ignited by the igniter 91, and a small part is output to the inside of the igniter 91 through the heat recovery channel 942. Before the igniter 91 stops working, this small part of the ammonia can be ignited and can remain in the combustion chamber for a period of time after ignition. In this way, even if the igniter 91 stops working, the ammonia output by the heat recovery channel 942 can still be ignited.

[0044] In this way, the igniter 91 plays an ignition role in the initial stage of combustion. When the ammonia in the injection box 92 can reach the temperature of autonomous combustion, it still maintains self-sustaining combustion after the plasma ignition burner is turned off, thereby ensuring the reliability of the use of the plasma ignition burner. The igniter 91 does not need to keep working all the time, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the plasma ignition burner.

[0045] The liquid ammonia evaporation device includes an evaporator 3, a circulating water component, a gas pressure-stabilizing tank 4, a third plasma ignition burner 11 and a temporary storage tank. The water inlet of the evaporator 3 is connected to the water outlet of the circulating water component, the liquid inlet of the evaporator 3 is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid ammonia temperature control supply device, the gas outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing tank 4, the first gas outlet, the second gas outlet, the third gas outlet and the fourth gas outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing tank 4 are respectively connected to the first plasma ignition burner 9, the cracking heat exchanger 10, the gas storage regulating device and the second plasma ignition burner 20, the fifth gas outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing tank 4 is respectively connected to the third plasma ignition burner 11 and the gas inlet of the temporary storage tank, and the circulating water component is used to exchange heat with the evaporator 3 to vaporize the liquid ammonia in the evaporator 3 to form ammonia gas that enters the gas pressure-stabilizing tank 4. The third plasma ignition burner 11 is used to heat the room temperature ammonia gas in the temporary storage tank to form high temperature ammonia gas, and the gas outlet of the temporary storage tank can selectively enter one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set 17, the gas turbine generator set 18 or the fuel cell 21. It should be noted that the structure of the third plasma ignition burner 11 is the same as that of the first plasma ignition burner 9, which will not be repeated here.

[0046] The circulating water component includes a loop 5, a circulating water pump 6 and an air conditioner 7. The circulating water pump 6, the evaporator 3 and the air conditioner 7 are arranged in series on the loop 5. The water outlet of the air conditioner 7 is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator 3, and the water outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected to the water inlet of the air conditioner 7. The cooling water in the loop 5 is heat-exchanged by the air conditioner 7 to form hot water. The hot water passes through the circulating water pump 6 and then enters the evaporator 3 for heat exchange to form cooling water. Liquid ammonia enters the evaporator 3. The evaporator 3 vaporizes the liquid ammonia through heat exchange to form ammonia gas, which enters the gas pressure-stabilizing tank 4.

[0047] In this embodiment, cooling water is converted into high-temperature water after heat exchange through the air conditioner 7. The high-temperature water is converted into cooling water after heat exchange through the evaporator 3 and returns to the air conditioner 7 for heat exchange again, which makes full use of the cooling and heat dissipation losses and improves the comprehensive efficiency and economy of the module.

[0048] In order to avoid the problem of incomplete combustion and leakage caused by a large flow of ammonia gas entering the first plasma ignition burner 9, and thus avoid environmental pollution, the combined heat and power system based on pure ammonia fuel also includes a gas flow regulating device 12, through which the first gas outlet of the gas surge tank 4 is connected to the first plasma ignition burner 9, and the gas flow regulating device 12 is used to regulate the gas supply flow of ammonia gas entering the first plasma ignition burner 9.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the gas flow regulating device 12 includes a first gas supply unit 121 and a second gas supply assembly 122, and the second gas supply assembly 122 includes a first-level gas supply unit 1221, a second-level gas supply unit 1222 to an n-level gas supply unit 122n connected in parallel, wherein n is an integer and is greater than or equal to, and in this embodiment, n is preferably 3.

[0050] Since the second air supply assembly 122 includes multiple stages of air supply units in parallel and the air supply flow rate decreases successively, when it is necessary to increase the combustion flow rate and the heating amount, the low-level air supply unit can be opened to realize the "shifting" regulation of the ammonia flow rate entering the ammonia supply unit 93.

[0051] The first gas outlet of the gas pressure stabilizing tank 4 is optionally connected to the first gas supply unit 121 and the gas inlet of each level of the gas supply unit to provide ammonia therefor, that is, the ammonia in the first gas outlet of the gas pressure stabilizing tank 4 is divided into two paths, one path provides ignition and combustion for the igniter 91 in the first plasma ignition burner 9, and the other path provides fuel for continuous combustion of the injection box 92 through the ammonia supply unit 93.

[0052] That is, the gas outlet of the first gas supply unit 121 is used to communicate with the igniter 91 of the first plasma ignition burner 9, and the gas outlet of each level of the gas supply unit is used to communicate with the ammonia supply unit 93 of the first plasma ignition burner 9, and the secondary gas supply unit 1222 to the n-level gas supply unit 122n and the first gas supply unit 121 are all provided with a throttling component G to adjust the gas supply flow. Since the first gas supply unit 121 adjusts the gas flow by providing the throttling component G and can thus achieve a small flow adjustment of the gas, the flow entering the first plasma ignition burner 9 can be accurately controlled, thereby improving the success rate of ignition of the igniter 91 in the first plasma ignition burner 9.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, each level of the gas supply unit includes a first connecting pipeline 122a and a first valve 122b, and the first valve 122b is arranged on the first connecting pipeline 122a, wherein the air inlet of the first connecting pipeline 122a is connected to the first air outlet of the gas pressure regulating tank 4, and the air outlet of the first connecting pipeline 122a is connected to the ammonia supply unit 93.

[0054] In the secondary air supply unit 1222 to the n-stage air supply unit 122n: the throttling component G and the first valve 122b are connected in series on the first connecting pipeline 122a, and the air supply flow rate in the throttling component G decreases successively from the secondary air supply unit 1222 to the n-stage air supply unit 122n.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, in the secondary air supply unit 1222 to the n-stage air supply unit 122n and the first air supply unit 121: the throttling assembly G includes multiple throttling pipes G1, and throttling orifice plates G2 are provided between two adjacent throttling pipes G1 and at the outer ends of the throttling pipes G1 on both sides, and the number of throttling pipes G1 decreases successively from the secondary air supply unit 1222 to the n-stage air supply unit 122n.

[0056] The first air supply unit 121 includes a second connecting pipeline 1211, a second valve 1212, a third valve 1215, a buffer tank 1213 and an exhaust fan 1214. The second valve 1212 and the buffer tank 1213 are both arranged on the second connecting pipeline 1211, wherein the air inlet of the second connecting pipeline 1211 is connected to the second air outlet of the gas pressure-stabilizing tank 4, the air outlet of the second connecting pipeline 1211 is connected to the igniter 91, and the throttling component G in the first air supply unit 121 and the second valve 1212 are connected in series on the second connecting pipeline 1211. The air outlet of the throttling component G in the first air supply unit 121 is connected to the first air inlet of the buffer tank 1213, the air outlet of the exhaust fan 1214 is connected to the second air inlet of the buffer tank 1213, the air outlet of the buffer tank 1213 is connected to the igniter 91, and the third valve 1215 is arranged between the exhaust fan 1214 and the buffer tank 1213. By providing a buffer tank 1213 and an exhaust fan 1214, air is drawn in before starting the igniter 91. Taking advantage of the good air ionization effect of the igniter 91, the air is ionized first to ensure that the ammonia can be ignited in time, thereby further improving the success rate and reliability of the ignition.

[0057] When the gas flow regulating device 12 is working, the third valve 1215 and the exhaust fan 1214 are first opened to draw air into the buffer tank 1213, and the igniter 91 in the first plasma ignition burner 9 is turned on. The igniter 91 ionizes the air to form high-temperature ionized air. The third valve 1215 is closed, and the second valve 1212 is opened. The ammonia enters the buffer tank 1213 through the throttling component G in the first gas supply unit 121, and then enters the igniter 91 to mix with the high-temperature ionized air to ignite and burn. After the igniter 91 burns, the first valve 122b in the n-stage gas supply unit 122n is opened, and the ammonia enters the ammonia supply unit 93 after adjusting the gas supply flow through the throttling component G in the n-stage gas supply unit 122n. The igniter 91 ignites and burns the ammonia in the ammonia supply unit 93. After the ammonia in the ammonia supply unit 93 burns stably, the first valve 122b in the n-stage gas supply unit 122n and the power supply of the igniter 91 are closed. When it is necessary to increase the combustion heat, open the first valve 122b in the lower-level gas supply unit. After the combustion flame of the ammonia supply unit 93 is stabilized, open the first valve 122b in the lower-level gas supply unit to realize high-fire operation of the main fire burner. At the same time, gear shifting and adjustment can be performed according to the combustion conditions of the subsequent burners.

[0058] In this embodiment, by setting a throttling component G in the gas flow regulating device 12, throttling and reducing pressure are performed first, so that low-flow rapid start of the ignition air intake of the igniter 91 in the first plasma ignition burner 9 and the combustion air intake of the injection box 92 is achieved. Furthermore, when the fuel of the first plasma ignition burner 9 is ammonia, the gas flow regulating device 12 can be used to achieve rapid ignition and step-by-step combustion of ammonia, and effectively control the combustion temperature and heat.

[0059] The gas storage and regulating device includes a gas storage tank 13, a gas regulating device 14 and a second filter 16. The gas outlet of the cracking heat exchanger 10 is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage tank 13 through the second filter 16. The gas outlet of the gas storage tank 13 is selectively connected to the first gas inlet of the gas regulating device 14, the internal combustion engine generator set 17, the gas turbine generator set 18 or the fuel cell 21, respectively. The second gas outlet of the gas pressure stabilizing tank 4 is connected to the second gas inlet of the gas regulating device 14, and the first gas outlet of the gas regulating device 14 is connected to one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set 17, the gas turbine generator set 18 or the fuel cell 21.

[0060] Since a cooling pipe 1522 is provided in the gas regulating device 14, the water inlet of the cooling pipe 1522 is connected to the cold coal water, thereby cooling the gas in the gas regulating device 14, thereby adjusting the temperature of the mixed gas. At the same time, since the second gas outlet of the gas surge tank 4 is connected to the second gas inlet of the gas regulating device 14, ammonia can be introduced according to actual needs to adjust the concentration of hydrogen in the mixed gas, and the hydrogen concentration ratio can be adjusted from 0 to 75%, meeting the power generation needs of the internal combustion unit and the gas turbine unit.

[0061] In order to detect the hydrogen concentration, two concentration detection devices 15 are also included. The gas outlet of the gas tank 13 is connected to the gas inlet of one concentration detection device 15, and the gas outlet of one concentration detection device 15 is connected to the gas inlet of the first plasma ignition burner 9. One concentration detection device 15 is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the gas tank 13. The second gas outlet of the gas regulating device 14 is connected to the gas inlet of another concentration detection device 15, and the gas outlet of another concentration detection device 15 is connected to the gas inlet of the first plasma ignition burner 9. The other concentration detection device 15 is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the gas regulating device 14.

[0062] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the concentration detection device 15 includes a regulating component 151, a cooling component 152 and a hydrogen measuring component 153 which are connected in sequence. The regulating component 151 is used to reduce the pressure of the incoming gas, the cooling component 152 is used to cool the gas after the pressure reduction, and the hydrogen measuring component 153 is used to detect the hydrogen content of the gas after the temperature is reduced. The gas outlet of the hydrogen measuring component 153 is connected to the gas inlet of the first plasma ignition burner 9.

[0063] The high-temperature and high-pressure gas is cooled and reduced in pressure by the regulating component 151 and the cooling component 152, and then the gas is tested for hydrogen by the hydrogen measuring component 153. At the same time, since the gas outlet of the hydrogen measuring component 153 is connected to the gas inlet of the first plasma ignition burner 9, after the gas is tested, the tested gas is absorbed by the first plasma ignition burner 9 to avoid environmental pollution.

[0064] like Figure 6As shown, the regulating assembly 151 includes a plurality of regulating pipes 1511 connected in series, and regulating orifice plates 1512 are provided between two adjacent regulating pipes 1511 and at the outer ends of the regulating pipes 1511 at both ends. The regulating orifice plate 1512 at the head end of the regulating assembly 151 is connected to the gas outlet of the gas storage tank 13, and the regulating orifice plate 1512 at the tail end of the regulating assembly 151 is connected to the cooling assembly 152. The regulating orifice plate 1512 is provided with at least one regulating hole 1513. The regulating pipe 1511 and the regulating orifice plate 1512 are connected by welding. It should be noted that the structure of the regulating orifice plate 1512 is the same as that of the throttling orifice plate, and both are achieved by setting a local resistance in the pipeline so that the pressure of the fluid is reduced when passing through the orifice plate, thereby achieving fluid decompression and flow regulation.

[0065] It should be noted that the number of the regulating pipes 1511 and the number and diameter of the holes in the regulating orifice plate 1512 may be specifically set according to actual pressure reduction requirements. In this embodiment, the number of the regulating pipes 1511 in the regulating assembly 151 is two.

[0066] The cooling assembly 152 includes a cooling box 1521 and a cooling pipe 1522. The cooling pipe 1522 is disposed in the cooling box 1521. The inlet and outlet of the cooling pipe 1522 extend out of the cooling box 1521 and communicate with a cold source. To increase the cooling effect in the cooling box 1521, the cooling pipe 1522 is spirally shaped to increase the cooling path of the cooling pipe 1522 within a certain space.

[0067] The hydrogen measuring component 153 includes a buffer box 1531 and a hydrogen measuring instrument 1532. The detection end of the hydrogen measuring instrument 1532 extends into the buffer box 1531 to detect the hydrogen content of the gas after pressure reduction and temperature reduction in the buffer box 1531. The regulating orifice plate 1512 at the tail end of the regulating component 151 is connected to the first end of the cooling box 1521, the first end of the buffer box 1531 is connected to the second end of the cooling box 1521, and the second end of the buffer box 1531 is connected to the air inlet of the first plasma ignition burner 9.

[0068] During operation, the temperature in the conditioning room 2 can be adjusted at 0℃~20℃, and the pressure in the liquid storage tank 1 is maintained at 0.4~0.8MPa. The valve on the liquid storage tank 1 is opened, and the liquid ammonia comes out of the liquid storage tank 1 and enters the evaporator 3 after filtering impurities through the first filter 8. The liquid ammonia is heated and vaporized to form ammonia gas. The cooling water releases heat and cools and enters the refrigeration air conditioner for refrigeration in the cab. The vaporized ammonia gas enters the gas pressure regulating tank 4, and respectively enters the first plasma ignition burner 9, the cracking heat exchanger 10, the gas storage regulating device, the second plasma ignition burner 20, the third plasma ignition burner 11 and the temporary storage tank through the valve.

[0069] Ammonia enters the second plasma ignition burner 20 and burns, providing high-temperature flue gas for the boiler 19. The flue gas enters the furnace 192 and the smoke pipe 193 to heat water, evaporates the water into steam, opens the valve, and supplies heat to the steam-using end through the heating pipeline.

[0070] Ammonia enters the first plasma ignition burner 9 through the ignition and combustion regulating unit, and enters the igniter 91 and the injection box 92 for combustion through the "shift-type" flow regulation. The high-temperature flue gas after combustion heats the catalyst of the heat exchange tube in the cracking heat exchanger 10. The ammonia in the cracking heat exchanger 10 is cracked into hydrogen and nitrogen under the environment of the high-temperature catalyst. The cracked gas enters the storage tank. After opening the concentration detection device 15 to collect the cracked gas in the storage tank and detect the hydrogen concentration, it enters the plasma ignition burner through the ignition and combustion regulating unit for combustion.

[0071] If the hydrogen concentration in the storage tank meets the requirements, it can directly enter the internal combustion engine or gas turbine unit for combustion and work, and generate electricity or drive the transmission device through the generator set, and can also charge the battery pack through the generator set. If the hydrogen concentration in the storage tank is too high or the temperature is too high and does not meet the operation requirements of the internal combustion engine or gas turbine unit, the cracked gas enters the gas regulating device 14, and the pure ammonia in the gas pressure regulating tank 4 also enters the gas regulating device 14 for mixing, and after cooling and cooling to meet the requirements, it enters the internal combustion engine generator set 17 and / or gas turbine generator set 18 for combustion and work, and then generates electricity or drives the transmission device.

[0072] When the user end such as solid oxide fuel cell / hydrogen fuel cell requires a higher hydrogen concentration, the mixed gas enters the solid oxide fuel cell / hydrogen fuel cell according to the required hydrogen concentration and is used for battery power generation. The remaining hydrogen-containing mixed gas is introduced into the internal combustion engine unit to provide working fuel for generator sets or batteries to generate electricity, or for transmission devices to provide mechanical energy.

[0073] On the other hand, for the gas turbine generator set 18, high-temperature pure ammonia can be directly used to enter the gas turbine combustion chamber for combustion. The ammonia in the fifth gas outlet of the gas pressure regulating tank 4 is divided into three branches and respectively enters the igniter 91, the injection box 92 and the temporary storage tank of the third plasma ignition burner 11. On the one hand, the ammonia enters the third plasma ignition burner 11 to heat the ammonia in the other temporary storage tank to form high-temperature ammonia, which enters the gas turbine generator set 18, and generates electricity or drives the transmission device through the gas turbine generator set 18, or charges the battery pack through the gas turbine generator set 18, thereby meeting the needs of users of different working conditions of the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set 18 and the fuel cell 21, saving energy and improving the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the system.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined heat and power system based on pure ammonia fuel, characterized in that: It comprises a liquid ammonia temperature regulating device, a liquid ammonia evaporating device, an ammonia cracking device and a gas storage regulating device, wherein the ammonia cracking device comprises a first plasma ignition burner and a cracking heat exchanger, wherein the first plasma ignition burner is used to heat the cracking heat exchanger; The liquid outlet of the liquid ammonia temperature regulating device is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid ammonia evaporating device to output the temperature-regulated liquid ammonia to the liquid ammonia evaporating device; The gas outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation device can be selectively connected to the first plasma ignition burner, the cracking heat exchanger, the gas storage and adjustment device and the boiler respectively. A second plasma ignition burner is also provided between the liquid ammonia evaporation device and the boiler. The gas outlet of the liquid ammonia evaporation device is connected to the gas inlet of the second plasma ignition burner. The smoke outlet of the second plasma ignition burner is connected to the smoke inlet of the boiler. The steam outlet of the boiler is used to connect to the steam terminal. The gas outlet of the cracking heat exchanger is connected to the gas inlet of the gas storage regulating device to crack the ammonia gas to form a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen and output it to the gas storage regulating device; The gas outlet of the gas storage regulating device is used to communicate with one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set and the fuel cell.

2. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first plasma ignition burner and the second plasma ignition burner have the same structure, and both include an igniter, an injection box, an ammonia supply unit and a diversion unit, and the front side of the injection box forms a combustion zone; The igniter and the ammonia supply unit in the first plasma ignition burner and the second plasma ignition burner are both connected to the gas outlet of the ammonia evaporation device; The combustion zone of the first plasma ignition burner is used to heat the cracking heat exchanger; The ammonia in the combustion zone of the second plasma ignition burner burns to form flue gas which enters the flue gas inlet of the boiler; The front end of the igniter passes through the injection box and extends to the front side of the injection box, and the front end of the igniter forms an ignition zone, which is connected to the combustion zone; The inner cavity of the igniter forms a combustion chamber, and the outlet end of the ammonia supply unit is connected to the inner cavity of the injection box; The diversion unit includes an injection module and a heat recovery channel, the injection module is connected to the front side of the injection box and communicates with the inner cavity of the injection box, and the ignition zone can preheat the injection module and ignite the ammonia output by the injection module to the combustion zone; The heat recovery channel communicates the inner cavity of the injection box and the combustion chamber, so that the ammonia gas in the inner cavity of the injection box flows back to the combustion chamber and is ignited.

3. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia evaporation device comprises an evaporator, a circulating water component and a gas pressure stabilizing tank; The water inlet of the evaporator is communicated with the water outlet of the circulating water component, the liquid inlet of the evaporator is communicated with the liquid outlet of the liquid ammonia temperature regulating supply device, the gas outlet of the evaporator is communicated with the gas inlet of the gas pressure regulating tank, and the first gas outlet, the second gas outlet, the third gas outlet and the fourth gas outlet of the gas pressure regulating tank are respectively connected to the first plasma ignition burner, the cracking heat exchanger, the gas storage regulating device and the second plasma ignition burner; The circulating water component is used for exchanging heat with the evaporator to vaporize the liquid ammonia in the evaporator to form ammonia gas which enters the gas pressure-stabilizing tank.

4. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia evaporation device also includes a third plasma ignition burner and a temporary storage tank; The fifth gas outlet of the gas pressure stabilizing tank is respectively connected to the third plasma ignition burner and the air inlet of the temporary storage tank. The third plasma ignition burner is used to heat the temporary storage tank. The gas outlet of the temporary storage tank can selectively enter one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set, and the fuel cell.

5. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Also included is a gas flow regulating device; The first gas outlet of the gas pressure regulating tank is connected to the first plasma ignition burner through the gas flow regulating device; The gas flow rate regulating device is used to regulate the gas flow rate of ammonia gas entering the first plasma ignition burner.

6. The combined heat, cooling and power system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The gas storage and regulating device comprises a gas storage tank and a gas regulating device; The gas outlet of the cracking heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet of the gas storage tank, and the gas outlet of the gas storage tank is respectively communicated with one or more of the first gas inlet of the gas regulating device, the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set, and the fuel cell; The second gas outlet of the gas pressure stabilizing tank is connected to the second gas inlet of the gas regulating device, and the first gas outlet of the gas regulating device is connected to one or more of the internal combustion engine generator set, the gas turbine generator set, and the fuel cell.

7. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: Also included are two concentration detection devices; The gas outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the gas inlet of the concentration detection device, the gas outlet of the concentration detection device is connected to the gas inlet of the first plasma ignition burner, and the concentration detection device is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the gas storage tank; The second air outlet of the gas regulating device is connected to the air inlet of another concentration detection device, and the air outlet of the other concentration detection device is connected to the air inlet of the first plasma ignition burner. The other concentration detection device is used to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the gas regulating device.

8. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid ammonia temperature control device comprises a liquid storage tank containing liquid ammonia and a temperature control room; The liquid storage tank is arranged in the temperature-controlled room, and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the liquid inlet of the evaporator to provide liquid ammonia for the evaporator.

9. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The boiler comprises a furnace body and a furnace core arranged in the furnace body; A storage space is provided between the furnace body and the furnace core, and the storage space is used to store water; The combustion zone of the second plasma ignition burner is connected to the smoke inlet of the furnace; The furnace body is provided with a steam channel, the inlet of the steam channel is communicated with the storage space, and the outlet of the steam channel is communicated with the steam using end.

10. The cooling, heating and power combined supply system based on pure ammonia fuel as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The boiler further comprises a smoke pipe, which is wound around the upper part of the furnace body; The smoke outlet of the furnace is communicated with the smoke inlet of the smoke pipe.

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