Novel flooded evaporator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of air conditioning systems, in particular to a novel flooded evaporator. The supporting partition plate, the heat exchange pipe and the refrigerant distributor are arranged in the shell, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are arranged on the shell and communicate with the outside. A plurality of supporting partition plates are arranged and divide the interior of the shell into a plurality of areas which are communicated with one another; the refrigerant distributor is located below the supporting partition plate and communicates with all the areas. The shell comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, the second assembly is located at the top of the first assembly, the second assembly comprises at least two distribution plates which extend in the length direction of the shell and are parallel to each other in the vertical direction, the two distribution plates are each provided with a plurality of open holes, and the farther the distribution plates are away from the outlet pipe, the denser the open holes are. The end temperature difference between the outlet water temperature and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator is reduced, and the evaporation temperature of the evaporator is increased, so that the energy efficiency of the water chilling unit is improved; refrigerant charge is reduced, and the cost of the heat exchanger is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of air conditioning systems, in particular to a novel flooded evaporator. Background Art

[0002] At present, the evaporators used in chillers include dry evaporators, falling film evaporators, and flooded evaporators. In dry evaporators, the refrigerant flows through the tubes and the refrigerant flows through the shell. This type of evaporator has poor heat transfer efficiency, large pressure loss, and a large temperature difference at the evaporation end (referring to the outlet water temperature of the refrigerant in the tube and the evaporation temperature). In order to save costs in the industry, the temperature difference at the end is generally 5°C; of course, in recent years, in order to improve the energy efficiency of the unit, the temperature difference at the end has also been initially increased to 4°C~3°C. In addition to the large temperature difference at the end, dry evaporators also have the risk of uneven distribution of refrigerant in the tube and liquid carryover: due to the uneven distribution of refrigerant in the tube, there is too much refrigerant in the part that cannot be completely evaporated, resulting in liquid carryover.

[0003] The falling film evaporator is a new type of evaporator that has been gradually developed in the past 10 years. It was highly praised at the beginning of its development, so much so that more than 80% of manufacturers in the refrigeration industry are developing falling film evaporators. In fact, in addition to the high heat transfer efficiency at full load, the falling film evaporator has uneven distribution due to the rapid decrease of the refrigerant speed in the distributor under partial load, which causes the heat transfer of the heat exchanger to decrease and affects the heat transfer. Similarly, the falling film distributor also has the risk of liquid carryover: because the pipe layout of the falling film evaporator exceeds the center too much, the rationality of the distribution design and the airway velocity distribution are at great risk, resulting in the design mainly relying on experimental verification.

[0004] As a traditional high-efficiency evaporator, the flooded evaporator is widely used because the heat exchanger tube is completely immersed in the refrigerant and has high heat transfer efficiency. Of course, there are also some problems, such as the height of the liquid level is inconsistent in the length direction of the heat exchanger, and the liquid level at the evaporator outlet is obviously higher than the far end of the outlet, and the farther it is, the lower it is, which also brings about the problem of low heat exchange efficiency at the far end of the outlet; the liquid carrying of the flooded evaporator is also a big problem. The general solution is to increase the heat exchanger cylinder, which will increase the refrigerant charge and the cylinder, increasing the cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a new type of full-liquid evaporator, which can improve the heat transfer efficiency of the evaporator, reduce the end temperature difference between the evaporator outlet water temperature and the evaporation temperature, increase the evaporation temperature of the evaporator, and thus improve the energy efficiency of the chiller; reduce the refrigerant charge and reduce the cost of the heat exchanger.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A novel flooded evaporator, the evaporator comprises a shell extending along the L1 direction, the outer diameter bottom of the shell is provided with an inlet pipe communicating with the inside and outside, and the middle part of the outer diameter top is provided with an outlet pipe communicating with the inside and outside;

[0008] A plurality of supporting partition plates are arranged inside the shell and are evenly and vertically distributed along the length direction of the shell. The supporting partition plates are provided with a plurality of through holes, and the interior of the shell is divided into a plurality of interconnected areas by the supporting partition plates;

[0009] and a plurality of heat exchange tubes mounted on the through holes of the supporting partition plate, wherein both ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the shell respectively;

[0010] The evaporator also includes a refrigerant distributor located below the supporting partition plate, the refrigerant distributor is arranged at the inner bottom of the shell and is connected to each of the areas, and includes a first component and a second component extending along the length direction of the shell, the bottom of the first component is connected to the inner bottom of the shell, the second component is located on the top of the first component, the second component includes at least two distribution plates extending along the length direction of the shell and parallel to each other up and down, the two distribution plates are the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate from top to bottom, and both distribution plates are provided with a number of openings, and the farther the distance between the distribution plate and the outlet pipe, the denser the openings.

[0011] Preferably, the parallel spacing between the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate is 4-10 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the opening diameter of the first distribution plate is 3-5 mm, and the opening diameter of the second distribution plate is 2-4 mm.

[0013] Preferably, a gap of 8-15 mm is provided between the refrigerant distributor and the supporting partition plate.

[0014] Preferably, a certain distance is left between the left and right ends of the refrigerant distributor and the left and right ends of the shell.

[0015] Preferably, a deliquidator is further provided inside the shell and is located above the supporting partition plate. The distance between the deliquidator and the top of the supporting partition plate is 20-60 mm, and the thickness of the deliquidator is 20-40 mm.

[0016] Preferably, an air outlet plate is provided at the inner top of the shell, and both sides of the air outlet plate are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell and wrap the inlet end of the outlet pipe therein, and a certain distance is left between the left and right ends of the air outlet plate and the left and right ends of the shell.

[0017] Preferably, the inlet pipe is provided with a first pipe opening connected to the outside and two second pipe openings connected to the refrigerant distributor.

[0018] In summary, the advantages of the utility model are as follows:

[0019] The refrigerant distributor of this patent can effectively avoid the drawbacks of uneven liquid distribution of the traditional evaporator using baffles for liquid inlet, and can effectively avoid the drawbacks of uneven liquid level distribution in the evaporator and low heat transfer efficiency of the far-end heat exchange tube. At the same time, the refrigerant distributor is located at the bottom of the evaporator instead of the top of the evaporator, which can effectively reduce the height of the heat exchange tube layout and reduce the diameter of the evaporator cylinder, thereby saving materials. The refrigerant distributor has multiple distribution plates and different distribution plates with different opening diameters, which can effectively reduce the impact of the openings on the refrigerant distributor on the heat exchange tube, thereby increasing the life of the heat exchange tube and increasing the disturbance of the refrigerant, thereby improving the heat release coefficient of the heat exchange tube. Due to the use of the refrigerant distributor, all evaporation tubes can achieve the highest efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-section structure of a new type of flooded evaporator;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the radial cross-section structure of a new type of flooded evaporator;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a refrigerant distributor;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first distribution plate and the second distribution plate;

[0024] Figure numerals: 1. Shell; 2. Support partition plate; 3. Refrigerant distributor; 4. Heat exchange tube; 5. Deliquidator; 6. Air outlet plate; 11. Inlet pipe; 12. Outlet pipe; 13. First pipe opening; 14. Second pipe opening; 21. Through hole; 31. First component; 32. Second component; 33. First distribution plate; 34. Second distribution plate; 35. Opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0027] It should also be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0028] The specific implementation of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a novel flooded evaporator comprises a shell 1 and a supporting partition plate 2, a heat exchange tube 4 and a refrigerant distributor 3 arranged inside the shell 1, and an inlet pipe 11 and an outlet pipe 12 arranged outside the shell 1.

[0030] The shell 1 extends along the L1 direction (the direction is the length direction), and a plurality of supporting partition plates 2 are provided and evenly and vertically distributed in the shell 1 along the length direction of the shell 1 at equal intervals, and the interior of the shell 1 is divided into a plurality of areas along the L1 direction by the supporting partition plates 2. Each supporting partition plate 2 is also provided with a plurality of mutually corresponding through holes 21, and each of the above-mentioned separated areas is connected one by one through the through holes 21.

[0031] Pipe layout of supporting partition plate 2: according to the air flow velocity between pipes, the lower pipe spacing is small, and the upper pipe spacing is large, so as to achieve equal speed design for the upper and lower parts of the pipe layout area, improve the heat transfer efficiency of the evaporator, and reduce the risk of liquid carrying in the full liquid evaporator.

[0032] A plurality of heat exchange tubes 4 are mounted on the through holes 21 of the supporting partition plate 2 , and both ends are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the shell 1 .

[0033] An inlet pipe 11 communicating with the inside and outside is arranged at the bottom of the outer diameter of the housing 1, and an outlet pipe 12 communicating with the inside and outside is arranged at the middle of the top of the outer diameter.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the refrigerant distributor 3 is disposed at the inner bottom of the shell 1 and below the supporting partition plate 2, and each area separated by the refrigerant distributor 3 and the supporting partition plate 2 is communicated with each other.

[0035] Specifically, the refrigerant distributor 3 includes a first component 31 and a second component 32 extending along the length direction of the shell 1. The bottom of the first component 31 is connected to the inner bottom of the shell 1, and the second component 32 is located at the top of the first component 31 and has a gap of 8-15mm between the supporting partition plate 2. The second component 32 includes at least two distribution plates extending along the length direction of the shell 1 and parallel to each other. In order to facilitate installation and welding, a certain distance is left between the left and right ends of the first component 31 and the left and right ends of the shell 1.

[0036] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown in the figure, when there are two distribution plates, the two distribution plates are the first distribution plate 33 and the second distribution plate 34 from top to bottom, and a plurality of openings 35 are provided on the two distribution plates, and the openings 35 are non-uniformly distributed. The farther the distribution plate is from the outlet pipe 12, the denser the openings 35 are, and conversely, the closer the distance to the outlet pipe 12, the more scattered the openings 35 are or there are no openings 35, so as to achieve the same height of the evaporator liquid level in the entire length range or a slightly higher height from the far end of the outlet pipe 12.

[0037] The diameter of the opening 35 of the first distribution plate 33 is 3-5mm, the diameter of the opening 35 of the second distribution plate 34 is 2-4mm, and the parallel spacing between the first distribution plate 33 and the second distribution plate 34 is 4-10mm, which can effectively reduce the impact of the opening 35 on the refrigerant distributor 3 on the heat exchange tube 4, thereby increasing the life of the heat exchange tube 4 and increasing the disturbance of the refrigerant, thereby improving the heat release coefficient of the heat exchange tube 4. Due to the use of the refrigerant distributor 3, all evaporation tubes can achieve the highest efficiency.

[0038] The key point of this patented technology effectively avoids the disadvantages of uneven liquid distribution of the traditional evaporator using baffles for liquid inlet, and can effectively avoid the disadvantages of uneven liquid level distribution in the evaporator and low heat transfer efficiency of the far-end heat exchange tube 4.

[0039] The difference between this patent and the falling film evaporator is that the refrigerant distributor 3 is placed at the bottom of the evaporator instead of the top of the evaporator, which can effectively reduce the layout height of the heat exchange tube 4 and reduce the cylinder diameter of the evaporator.

[0040] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an air outlet plate 6 and a deliquidator 5 (gas-liquid separator) are also provided inside the shell 1. The air outlet plate 6 is a flat plate, which is horizontally arranged at the inner top of the shell 1, and the front and rear sides of the air outlet plate 6 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1 and wrap the inlet end of the outlet pipe 12 inside. There is a certain distance between the left and right ends of the air outlet plate 6 and the left and right ends of the shell 1, and the refrigerant gas in the shell 1 can enter the above-mentioned inlet end wrapping area through the left and right ends of the air outlet plate 6 and be discharged from the outlet pipe 12. The deliquidator 5 is horizontally arranged between the air outlet plate 6 and the refrigerant distributor 3.

[0041] The distance between the deliquidator 5 and the top of the supporting partition plate 2 is 20-60 mm. Due to the use of the above-mentioned efficient refrigerant distributor 3, the thickness of the deliquidator 5 is reduced from more than 80 mm to 20-40 mm.

[0042] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment in the embodiment, the inlet pipe 11 is provided with a first pipe opening 13 connected to the outside and two or more second pipe openings 14 connected to the shell 1. Since there are multiple second pipe openings 14 that can enter the bottom of the shell 1 (evaporator), the refrigerant can be distributed to the multiple second pipe openings 14, so that the inlet flow rate of a single second pipe opening 14 is reduced, and the flow rate of a single second pipe opening 14 is reduced, thereby reducing the height of the refrigerant distributor 3 from the bottom of the evaporator and reducing the refrigerant charge.

[0043] The above is a description of the embodiments of the utility model. Through the above description of the disclosed embodiments, professionals and technicians in the field can implement or use the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to professionals and technicians in the field. The general principles defined in this article can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novelties disclosed in this article.

Claims

1. A novel flooded evaporator, comprising a shell (1) extending along the L1 direction, wherein the outer diameter bottom of the shell (1) is provided with an inlet pipe (11) communicating with the inside and outside, and the middle part of the outer diameter top is provided with an outlet pipe (12) communicating with the inside and outside; A plurality of supporting partition plates (2) arranged inside the shell (1) and evenly and vertically distributed at equal distances along the length direction of the shell (1), wherein the supporting partition plates (2) are provided with a plurality of through holes (21), and the interior of the shell (1) is divided into a plurality of interconnected areas by the supporting partition plates (2); and a plurality of heat exchange tubes (4) mounted on the through holes (21) of the supporting partition plate (2), wherein two ends of the heat exchange tubes (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the shell (1); It is characterized in that The evaporator also includes a refrigerant distributor (3) located below the supporting partition plate (2). The refrigerant distributor (3) is arranged at the inner bottom of the shell (1) and is connected to each of the areas. It includes a first component (31) and a second component (32) extending along the length direction of the shell (1). The bottom of the first component (31) is connected to the inner bottom of the shell (1). The second component (32) is located on the top of the first component (31). The second component (32) includes at least two distribution plates extending along the length direction of the shell (1) and parallel to each other up and down. The two distribution plates are, from top to bottom, a first distribution plate (33) and a second distribution plate (34). Both distribution plates are provided with a plurality of openings (35). The farther the distance between the distribution plate and the outlet pipe (12) is, the denser the openings (35).

2. A novel flooded evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel distance between the first distribution plate (33) and the second distribution plate (34) is 4-10 mm.

3. A novel flooded evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the opening (35) of the first distribution plate (33) is 3-5 mm, and the diameter of the opening (35) of the second distribution plate (34) is 2-4 mm.

4. A novel flooded evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gap of 8-15 mm is provided between the refrigerant distributor (3) and the supporting partition plate (2).

5. A novel flooded evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A certain distance is left between the left and right ends of the refrigerant distributor (3) and the left and right ends of the shell (1).

6. A novel flooded evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is also provided with a deliquidator (5) located above the supporting partition plate (2), the distance between the deliquidator (5) and the top of the supporting partition plate (2) is 20-60 mm, and the thickness of the deliquidator (5) is 20-40 mm.

7. A novel flooded evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air outlet plate (6) is provided at the inner top of the shell (1), and the two sides of the air outlet plate (6) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1) and wrap the inlet end of the outlet pipe (12) therein, and a certain distance is left between the left and right ends of the air outlet plate (6) and the left and right ends of the shell (1).

8. A novel flooded evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe (11) is provided with a first pipe opening (13) connected to the outside and two second pipe openings (14) connected to the refrigerant distributor (3).

Images