Hydrogen fuel cell heat and power cogeneration cooling system and hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cogeneration cooling system of a hydrogen fuel cell and the hydrogen fuel cell. The cogeneration cooling system comprises a heat exchanger, a first water pump, a second water pump and a three-way valve, a refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a refrigerant pipeline, and a refrigerant outlet is connected with the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell through a water inlet pipeline; the heating medium inlet is connected with the output end of the hydrogen fuel cell through a water return pipeline, and the heating medium outlet is connected with a heating medium pipeline; the first water pump is arranged on the refrigerant pipeline; the second water pump is arranged on the water return pipeline; the input port and one output port of the three-way valve and the water return pipeline form a channel, and the other output port of the three-way valve is connected with the water inlet pipeline through a backflow pipeline. According to the cooling system, the cooling liquid is distributed, and the flow of the cooling liquid flowing back to the heat exchanger is reduced on the premise that the recovered heat is not changed, so that the internal flow resistance of the heat exchanger is also reduced, the power consumption of the water pump is reduced, and the external output efficiency of the whole cooling system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system and a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are highly efficient and pollution-free power generation devices that generate electricity through electrochemical reactions between hydrogen and air, with water as the final product. They are environmentally friendly and pollution-free. This power generation technology has been vigorously promoted and implemented around the world.

[0003] Hydrogen fuel cells generate a large amount of heat energy during the reaction process, and hydrogen fuel cells need to maintain a suitable and stable internal temperature to maintain a stable and efficient operating state. Therefore, the internal part of the hydrogen fuel cell needs to be cooled during its operation.

[0004] The current cogeneration system for hydrogen fuel cells uses a cooling circuit in series with a plate heat exchanger for heat recovery. The problem with this process is that the flow resistance of the series circuit is positively correlated with the flow rate. The greater the flow rate, the greater the flow resistance, which will cause the front-end water pump head to increase, increase the BOP power consumption inside the hydrogen fuel cell system, and reduce the overall external output efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the problem that the cogeneration system for hydrogen fuel cells in the prior art uses a cooling circuit in series with a plate heat exchanger to recover heat; the problem with this process is that the flow resistance of the series circuit is positively correlated with the flow rate. The greater the flow rate, the greater the flow resistance, which will lead to an increase in the head of the front-end water pump, increase the BOP power consumption inside the hydrogen fuel cell system, and reduce the overall external output efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system, the hydrogen fuel cell comprises an input end and an output end for circulating coolant, including:

[0007] A heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet, a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet, wherein the refrigerant inlet is connected to a refrigerant pipeline, and the refrigerant outlet is connected to an input end of a hydrogen fuel cell via a water inlet pipeline; the heat medium inlet is connected to an output end of a hydrogen fuel cell via a water return pipeline, and the heat medium outlet is connected to a heat medium pipeline;

[0008] a first water pump, the first water pump being arranged on the refrigerant pipeline;

[0009] a second water pump, the second water pump being arranged on the water return pipeline;

[0010] A three-way valve is arranged on the return pipeline. The three-way valve includes an input port and two output ports. The input port and one output port of the three-way valve form a passage with the return pipeline, and the other output port of the three-way valve is connected to the water inlet pipeline through a return pipeline.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the location where the return pipeline is connected to the water inlet pipeline is a junction, and a radiator is provided on the section of the water inlet pipeline between the junction and the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the radiator is a convection radiator.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor is provided on the section of the water inlet pipeline between the confluence point and the radiator.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, a controller is further included, and the controller is respectively connected to the first water pump, the second water pump, the three-way valve, the radiator and the temperature sensor.

[0015] In one embodiment of the utility model, one end of the refrigerant pipeline is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the other end of the refrigerant pipeline is connected to a water supply device.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the heat medium pipeline is connected to the heat medium outlet, and the other end is connected to a water circulation system.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the three-way valve is an electrically controlled three-way valve.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

[0019] A hydrogen fuel cell comprises the hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system as described in any one of the above.

[0020] The above technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system and a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a heat exchanger, a first water pump, a second water pump and a three-way valve; the heat exchanger comprises a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet, a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet, the refrigerant inlet is connected with a refrigerant pipeline, and the refrigerant outlet is connected with the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell through the water inlet pipeline; the heat medium inlet is connected with the output end of the hydrogen fuel cell through the return water pipeline, and the heat medium outlet is connected with the heat medium pipeline; the first water pump is arranged on the refrigerant pipeline; the second water pump is arranged on the return water pipeline; the three-way valve is arranged on the return water pipeline, the three-way valve comprises an input port and two output ports, the input port and one output port of the three-way valve form a passage with the return water pipeline, and the other output port of the three-way valve is connected with the water inlet pipeline through the return flow pipeline. This cooling system distributes the coolant output by the hydrogen fuel cell, so that a part of the hot coolant is distributed to the return pipe and flows into the water inlet pipe to mix with the low-temperature coolant and then input into the hydrogen fuel cell system. Under the premise of ensuring that the recovered heat remains unchanged, the flow rate of the coolant flowing back to the heat exchanger is reduced, and the internal flow resistance of the heat exchanger is also reduced, so that the power consumption of the water pump is reduced, thereby improving the external output efficiency of the entire cooling system. The entire cogeneration system has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, and is suitable for practical use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to make the content of the utility model easier to understand, the utility model is further described in detail according to the specific embodiments of the utility model in combination with the accompanying drawings, wherein

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Explanation of the markings in the drawings in the specification: 1. Heat exchanger; 11. Refrigerant inlet; 12. Refrigerant outlet; 13. Heat medium inlet; 14. Heat medium outlet; 15. Refrigerant pipeline; 16. Water inlet pipeline; 17. Return water pipeline; 18. Heat medium pipeline; 19. Return pipeline; 2. First water pump; 3. Second water pump; 4. Three-way valve; 5. Junction; 6. Radiator; 7. Temperature sensor; A. Hydrogen fuel cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system of the utility model, the hydrogen fuel cell includes an input end and an output end for circulating coolant, including:

[0028] Heat exchanger 1, heat exchanger 1 includes a refrigerant inlet 11, a refrigerant outlet 12, a heat medium inlet 13 and a heat medium outlet 14, the refrigerant inlet 11 is connected to a refrigerant pipeline 15, the refrigerant outlet 12 is connected to the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell A through a water inlet pipeline 16; the heat medium inlet 13 is connected to the output end of the hydrogen fuel cell through a water return pipeline 17, and the heat medium outlet 14 is connected to a heat medium pipeline 18;

[0029] A first water pump 2, the first water pump 2 is arranged on the refrigerant pipeline 15;

[0030] A second water pump 3, the second water pump 3 is arranged on the return water pipeline 17;

[0031] The three-way valve 4 is arranged on the return pipe 17. The three-way valve 4 includes an input port and two output ports. The input port and one output port of the three-way valve 4 form a passage with the return pipe 17, and the other output port of the three-way valve 4 is connected to the water inlet pipe 16 through the return pipe 19.

[0032] Specifically, the refrigerant pipeline 15, the refrigerant passage of the heat exchanger 1, the water inlet pipeline 16, the hydrogen fuel cell, the return water pipeline 17, the heat medium passage of the heat exchanger 1 and the heat medium pipeline 18 constitute a first loop; a return water pipeline 19 is connected between the return water pipeline 17 and the water inlet pipeline 16 through a three-way valve 4, and a second loop is formed between the water inlet pipeline 16, the hydrogen fuel cell, the return water pipeline 17 and the return water pipeline 19.

[0033] In the first loop, the low-temperature coolant input from the refrigerant pipeline 15 will exchange heat with the hot coolant output from the hydrogen fuel cell in the heat exchanger 1, so that the coolant can enter the hydrogen fuel cell at the most suitable temperature to ensure the operation effect of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0034] After adding the second loop, the hot coolant that absorbs the heat generated by the stack reaction inside the fuel cell enters the return pipe 17 through its output end, and when the hot coolant entering the return pipe 17 passes through the three-way valve 4, part of the coolant continues to flow back to the heat medium pipe 18 through the heat exchanger 1, and the other part of the hot coolant is distributed to the return pipe 19 and mixed with the coolant in the water inlet pipe 16 before being input into the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0035] It can be imagined that the coolant output from the hydrogen fuel cell is distributed at the three-way valve 4. Under the premise of ensuring that the recovered heat remains unchanged, the flow rate of the coolant flowing back to the heat exchanger 1 is reduced, and the internal flow resistance of the heat exchanger is also reduced, so that the power consumption of the water pump is reduced, thereby improving the external output efficiency of the entire cooling system.

[0036] Furthermore, the location where the return pipe 19 is connected to the water inlet pipe 16 is the junction 5, and a radiator 6 is provided on the section of the water inlet pipe 16 between the junction 5 and the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0037] Furthermore, the radiator 6 is a convection radiator. Specifically, when the temperature sensor 7 detects that the temperature of the flowing coolant is higher than a predetermined temperature, the radiator 6 operates to cool the coolant, ensuring that the coolant can enter the hydrogen fuel cell at the most suitable temperature, thereby ensuring the operation effect of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0038] Furthermore, a temperature sensor 7 is provided on the section of the water inlet pipe 16 between the junction 5 and the radiator 6. More preferably, temperature sensors 7 can also be provided at the positions of the four interfaces of the heat exchanger 1 to monitor the temperature of the coolant.

[0039] Furthermore, a controller is also included, and the controller is respectively connected to the first water pump 2, the second water pump 3, the three-way valve 4, the radiator 6 and the temperature sensor 7. The controller can be used to control all parts of the cooling system as a whole.

[0040] Furthermore, one end of the refrigerant pipeline 15 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 11 , and the other end of the refrigerant pipeline 15 is connected to a water supply device.

[0041] Furthermore, one end of the heat medium pipeline 18 is connected to the heat medium outlet 14 , and the other end is connected to the water circulation system.

[0042] Furthermore, the three-way valve 4 is an electrically controlled three-way valve.

[0043] Furthermore, the heat exchanger 1 is a plate heat exchanger.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] The utility model also discloses a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising the hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system as in the first embodiment.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the invention of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system, the hydrogen fuel cell comprising an input end and an output end for circulating a coolant, characterized in that: include, A heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet, a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet, wherein the refrigerant inlet is connected to a refrigerant pipeline, and the refrigerant outlet is connected to an input end of a hydrogen fuel cell via a water inlet pipeline; the heat medium inlet is connected to an output end of a hydrogen fuel cell via a water return pipeline, and the heat medium outlet is connected to a heat medium pipeline; a first water pump, the first water pump being arranged on the refrigerant pipeline; a second water pump, the second water pump being arranged on the water return pipeline; A three-way valve is arranged on the return pipeline. The three-way valve includes an input port and two output ports. The input port and one output port of the three-way valve form a passage with the return pipeline, and the other output port of the three-way valve is connected to the water inlet pipeline through a return pipeline.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The location where the return pipeline is connected to the water inlet pipeline is a junction, and a radiator is provided on the section of the water inlet pipeline between the junction and the input end of the hydrogen fuel cell.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiator is a convection radiator.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is provided on the section of the water inlet pipeline between the confluence point and the radiator.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is respectively connected to the first water pump, the second water pump, the three-way valve, the radiator and the temperature sensor.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the refrigerant pipeline is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the other end of the refrigerant pipeline is connected to a water supply device.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the heat medium pipeline is connected to the heat medium outlet, and the other end is connected to the water circulation system.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-way valve is an electrically controlled three-way valve.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

10. A hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that: It comprises the hydrogen fuel cell cogeneration cooling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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