Annular heat pipe reactor
By adopting annular heat pipe structure and heating device, the problems of low heat transfer efficiency and uneven temperature distribution of existing heat pipe reactors are solved, and efficient heat transfer and stable reaction processes are achieved, which are suitable for the rapid change characteristics in green electric scenarios.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421890569.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-06
AI Technical Summary
The existing straight-tube heat pipe reactors have problems such as low heat transfer efficiency, uneven temperature distribution, blocked heat pipes, and leakage of working fluids, which affect the stability and reliability of the reactor.
The annular heat pipe structure is adopted, including a shell, annular heat pipe, a catalyst basket and a catalyst. The evaporation section and the condensation section of the annular heat pipe are located inside and outside the catalyst basket respectively. A heating device is provided outside the shell, and fins are provided on the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe.
The heat transfer efficiency and reaction rate during the reaction process are improved, the uniformity of temperature distribution is achieved, the stability and reliability of the reactor are enhanced, and it is especially suitable for the characteristics of rapid flow changes in green electric scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure CN222872122U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to an annular heat pipe reactor, which belongs to the technical field of heat pipe reactors, and is particularly suitable for wide load flexibility and "load-follows-source" control characteristics caused by the use of green electricity and green hydrogen (electricity and hydrogen production with characteristics such as volatility, intermittency, and randomness in photovoltaic, wind power, etc.) for synthesizing liquid working fluid chemical products or fuels (such as green ammonia, green alcohol, etc.) in green electricity scenarios, which causes uncertainty changes in the operating load of the device system. Background Art
[0002] A heat pipe is a heat transfer element with high thermal conductivity. It transfers heat through the phase change of the working fluid and has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and good temperature uniformity. A heat pipe reactor is a heat pipe technology applied to a chemical reactor. The heat transfer and temperature control during the reaction process are achieved through the heat transfer of the heat pipe.
[0003] However, most existing heat pipe reactors use straight heat pipes, which have problems such as low heat transfer efficiency and uneven temperature distribution. In addition, existing heat pipe reactors are prone to heat pipe blockage and working fluid leakage during the reaction process, affecting the stability and reliability of the reactor. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model discloses a ring-shaped heat pipe reactor, and its specific technical solution is as follows:
[0005] A ring-shaped heat pipe reactor comprises a shell (300), a ring-shaped heat pipe (301), a catalyst basket (302) and a catalyst (303), wherein the ring-shaped heat pipe (301) is provided in a plurality of pieces, the catalyst basket (302) is coaxially arranged in the shell (300), the catalyst (303) is filled in the catalyst basket (302), the ring-shaped heat pipe (301) has two ends that are semicircular arc-shaped and a middle portion that is a straight-line hollow ring-shaped through-tube, wherein one of the middle straight-line sections is located in the catalyst basket (302), and the section is called an evaporation section, and the other middle straight-line section is located outside the catalyst basket (302), and the section is called a condensation section;
[0006] One end of the shell (300) is provided with a coaxial air inlet pipe (100) and an air outlet pipe (101); the air inlet pipe (100) surrounds the outside of the air outlet pipe (101) and a gap is reserved; the air outlet pipe (101) extends into the shell (300) and is connected to one end of the catalyst basket (302); the other end of the catalyst basket (302) is provided with an air vent for gas entry.
[0007] Furthermore, one end of the catalyst basket (302) is an air inlet end, and the other end is an air outlet end, and the air outlet pipe (101) is connected to the air outlet end.
[0008] Furthermore, the cross-section of the catalyst basket (302) is circular.
[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of layers of baffles (305) are arranged inside the catalyst basket (302), the baffles (305) are cut circles, the circular edges of the cut circles are fixed to the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302), the gap between the straight edge and the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302) opposite thereto is a gas channel, and the baffles (305) of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner.
[0010] Furthermore, the baffle plate (305) is a large cut circle, and the baffle plate (305) is provided with a circular hole for the annular heat pipe (301) to pass through.
[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the annular heat pipe (301) is provided with fins.
[0012] Furthermore, a working fluid filling structure (304) is provided in the shell (300), and the working fluid filling structure (304) is located outside the catalyst basket (302). The working fluid filling structure (304) is annular with a hollow interior, and all the annular heat pipes (301) are connected to the working fluid filling structure (304).
[0013] Furthermore, there are multiple layers of annular heat pipes (301) between the inner wall of the shell (300) and the outer wall of the catalyst basket (302).
[0014] Furthermore, a heating device is provided outside the shell (300).
[0015] Furthermore, the working fluid filling structure (304) is provided with a working fluid filling port and a working fluid discharge port.
[0016] The working principle of the utility model is:
[0017] The gas enters the shell from the air inlet pipe. The gas first contacts the condensation section of the annular heat pipe outside the catalyst basket. The working medium in the condensation section changes from liquid to gas, the gas is heated, and the gas temperature rises. When the gas moves to the other end of the shell, it enters the catalyst basket from the inlet of the catalyst basket. The gas undergoes an exothermic chemical reaction under the action of the catalyst in the catalyst basket. The heat in the catalyst basket is absorbed by the evaporation section of the annular heat pipe. The working medium in the evaporation section changes from gas to liquid and recirculates into the condensation section. Finally, the gas after the chemical reaction in the catalyst basket is discharged from the exhaust pipe.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0019] The utility model adopts an annular heat pipe structure, which has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency and uniform temperature distribution. It can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency and reaction rate in the reaction process, and is particularly suitable for the characteristics of rapid flow changes in green electricity scenarios.
[0020] The utility model provides a baffle in the catalyst basket to enhance the heat transfer of the material in the reaction chamber.
[0021] The utility model is provided with a heating device outside the shell, which improves the flexibility and controllability of the reaction.
[0022] The utility model can provide fins on the outer walls of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe, which can effectively enhance the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.
[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional diagram of
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.
[0026] List of reference numerals: 300 - shell, 301 - annular heat pipe, 302 - catalyst basket, 303 - catalyst, 304 - working fluid filling structure, 305 - baffle, 100 - air inlet pipe, 101 - air outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations. It should be understood that the following specific implementations are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0028] Specific implementation structure 1
[0029] Combined with Figure 1-2 It can be seen that the annular heat pipe reactor includes a shell 300 , an annular heat pipe 301 , a catalyst basket 302 , and a catalyst 303 .
[0030] The reactor shell 300 is not limited in shape, and a ring-shaped heat pipe 301 and a catalyst basket 302 are arranged in the shell. The catalyst basket 302 is filled with a catalyst 303 to form a reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is provided with the baffle plate to enhance the heat transfer of the material in the reaction chamber. The ring-shaped heat pipe 301 is filled with a working medium. The working medium is water, ethanol, mercury or thermal conductivity.
[0031] The loop heat pipe 301 is a loop structure, which is arranged inside the shell 300. The evaporation section and condensation section of the loop heat pipe 301 are located inside and outside the reaction chamber respectively. During the reaction process, the reactants undergo a chemical reaction in the reaction chamber, releasing heat. The heat is absorbed by the working medium in the evaporation section of the loop heat pipe 301, and the working medium quickly vaporizes from liquid to gas. The generated steam flows along the loop pipe to the condensation section under the action of the pressure difference. In the condensation section, the steam exchanges heat with the cooling medium, releases heat and recondenses into a liquid state. The liquid working medium flows back to the evaporation section under the action of gravity, completing a heat transfer cycle.
[0032] The annular heat pipe 301 has an extremely high heat transfer coefficient through the gasification heat transfer of the working fluid, and can transfer a large amount of reaction heat in a short time, effectively solving the problem of low heat transfer efficiency of traditional reactors. The annular heat pipe 301 is in close contact with the reaction chamber, and can achieve all-round heat transfer to the reaction chamber, thereby ensuring the temperature uniformity in the reaction chamber. Uniform temperature distribution helps to improve the selectivity of the reaction and the quality of the product. It is especially suitable for the characteristics of rapid flow changes in green electricity scenarios.
[0033] There are multiple loop heat pipes 301 , and the evaporation sections and condensation sections of the multiple loop heat pipes 301 are evenly distributed inside and outside the reaction chamber.
[0034] In actual use, a heating device is provided outside the shell 300. The heating device is a high-temperature steam heater, an electric heater or a gas heater, which can be used to start the device or heat the material in the reaction chamber according to the needs of the reaction.
[0035] Fins are provided on the outer walls of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the annular heat pipe 301 to enhance the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe.
[0036] Specific implementation structure 2
[0037] Combined with Figure 3 It can be seen that a working fluid filling structure 304 is also provided in the shell 300 . The working fluid filling structure 304 is located outside the catalyst basket 302 . The working fluid filling structure 304 is annular with a hollow interior. All the annular heat pipes 301 are connected to the working fluid filling structure 304 .
[0038] As a specific embodiment, the working fluid filling structure 304 is arranged at one end of the annular heat pipe 301 , and all the annular heat pipes 301 are connected at this end. When the working fluid is filled into the heat pipe, it can be filled from the working fluid filling structure 304 .
[0039] The working fluid filling structure 304 is provided with a working fluid filling port and a working fluid discharge port. The working fluid filling port is provided at the top of the working fluid filling structure 304 , and the working fluid discharge port is provided at the bottom of the working fluid filling structure 304 .
[0040] The rest is the same as the specific implementation structure 1.
[0041] The following is an example of the use of the patent structure in production:
[0042] For synthetic ammonia reactor:
[0043] The ammonia synthesis reaction refers to the reaction of nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) under certain conditions to generate ammonia (NH3). The ammonia synthesis reactor includes a shell 300, a ring heat pipe 301, a catalyst basket 302 and a catalyst 303.
[0044] Gas volume: about 1876Nm 3 / h; the shell 300 has a diameter of Φ650mm, the catalyst basket 302 has a diameter of Φ300mm, the catalyst basket 302 has a height of about 6000mm, there are about 122 annular heat pipes in the reactor, the catalyst basket 302 is filled with catalyst to form a reaction chamber, the heat pipe is filled with thermal conductivity (biphenyl-biphenyl ether low eutectic mixture), and the pressure in the heat pipe is 1.09MPaG.
[0045] The temperature of the air inlet pipe 100 (reaction air inlet preheating port) ranges from 100 to 150°C, preferably 140°C.
[0046] When the temperature of the air inlet pipe 100 (reaction air inlet preheating port) is 140°C, the air inlet pipe 100 (reaction air inlet preheating port) passes through the annular gap between the catalyst basket 302 and the cylinder, is preheated to 390-400°C from bottom to top by the condensation section of the heat pipe, enters the catalyst basket 302 from the top, and reacts to generate ammonia after contacting the catalyst 303. At the same time, the heat released by the reaction is removed by the evaporation section of the heat pipe; the liquid heat transfer element in the heat pipe is vaporized in the evaporation section, rises after vaporization and enters the condensation section for liquefaction, and returns to the evaporation section by gravity after liquefaction.
[0047] The reacted gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 101 .
[0048] The following is an example of the use of the patent structure in production
[0049] Methanol is produced by the reaction of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide over copper-based, iron-based or ruthenium-based methanol synthesis catalysts.
[0050] CO+2H2=CH3OHΔH=-100KJ / mol
[0051] CO2+3H2=CH3OH+H2OΔH=-59KJ / mol
[0052] The methanol synthesis reactor includes a shell 300, an annular heat pipe 301, a catalyst basket 302, a catalyst 303 and a working fluid filling structure 304. The working fluid filling structure 304 is arranged at one end of the heat pipe, and all the heat pipes are connected at this end, which is used to fill the working fluid into the heat pipe. The working fluid filling structure 304 includes a working fluid filling port and a working fluid discharge port. The working fluid filling port is arranged at one end of the working fluid filling structure 304, and the working fluid discharge port is arranged at the other end of the working fluid filling structure 304.
[0053] Gas volume: about 2332Nm 3 / h; the shell 300 has a diameter of Φ650mm, the catalyst basket 302 has a diameter of Φ300mm, the catalyst basket 302 has a height of about 6000mm, there are about 122 annular heat pipes in the reactor, the catalyst basket 302 is filled with catalyst to form a reaction chamber, the heat pipe is filled with distilled water, and the pressure inside the heat pipe is 4.0MPaG.
[0054] The temperature range of the air inlet pipe 100 (reaction air inlet preheating port) is 0-40°C, preferably 20°C.
[0055] When the temperature of the air inlet pipe 100 (reaction air inlet preheating port) is 20°C, the air inlet pipe 100 (reaction air inlet preheating port) passes through the annular gap between the catalyst basket 302 and the cylinder, is preheated to 240-260°C from bottom to top by the condensation section of the heat pipe, enters the catalyst basket 302 from the top, and reacts to generate methanol after contacting the catalyst 303. At the same time, the heat released by the reaction is removed by the evaporation section of the heat pipe; the liquid heat transfer element in the heat pipe is vaporized in the evaporation section, rises after vaporization and enters the condensation section for liquefaction, and returns to the evaporation section by gravity after liquefaction.
[0056] The reacted gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 101 .
[0057] The term “connection” as used in this application may mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.
[0058] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the utility model, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical concept of the utility model through the above description. The technical scope of the utility model is not limited to the content of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A circular heat pipe reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (300), an annular heat pipe (301), a catalyst basket (302) and a catalyst (303), wherein the annular heat pipe (301) is provided in a plurality, the catalyst basket (302) is coaxially arranged in the shell (300), the catalyst (303) is filled in the catalyst basket (302), the annular heat pipe (301) has two ends that are semicircular arc-shaped and a middle portion that is a straight-line hollow annular through-tube, wherein one of the straight-line middle portions is located in the catalyst basket (302), and the section is called an evaporation section, and the other straight-line middle portion is located outside the catalyst basket (302), and the section is called a condensation section; One end of the shell (300) is provided with a coaxial air inlet pipe (100) and an air outlet pipe (101); the air inlet pipe (100) surrounds the outside of the air outlet pipe (101) with a reserved gap; the air outlet pipe (101) extends into the shell (300) and is connected to one end of a catalyst basket (302); the other end of the catalyst basket (302) is provided with an air vent for gas entry.
2. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the catalyst basket (302) is an air inlet end, and the other end is an air outlet end, and the air outlet pipe (101) is connected to the air outlet end.
3. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the catalyst basket (302) is circular.
4. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of layers of baffles (305) are arranged inside the catalyst basket (302). The baffles (305) are cut circles, the edges of which are fixed to the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302), and the gap between the straight edge and the inner wall of the catalyst basket (302) opposite thereto is a gas channel. The baffles (305) of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner.
5. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The baffle plate (305) is a large cut circle, and is provided with a circular hole for the annular heat pipe (301) to pass through.
6. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the annular heat pipe (301) is provided with fins.
7. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working fluid filling structure (304) is also provided in the shell (300). The working fluid filling structure (304) is located outside the catalyst basket (302). The working fluid filling structure (304) is an annular structure with a hollow interior. All the annular heat pipes (301) are connected to the working fluid filling structure (304).
8. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple layers of annular heat pipes (301) between the inner wall of the shell (300) and the outer wall of the catalyst basket (302).
9. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating device is provided outside the housing (300).
10. The annular heat pipe reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The working fluid filling structure (304) is provided with a working fluid filling port and a working fluid discharge port.