Equipment for improving sinking posture of open caisson

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of open caisson construction, in particular to equipment for improving the sinking posture of an open caisson. The system mainly comprises a monitoring control system, sinking intervention equipment and an open caisson matching structure. The process application scenarios mainly include sinking assistance, slow sinking, deviation correction and sinking stopping. According to the equipment, on the basis of real-time monitoring data, indexes such as jack thrust control, lift truck operation control and open caisson body relative displacement control are set according to different construction problem scenes in a targeted mode, and the problems that an open caisson is difficult to sink, the sinking speed is too high, the well body inclines, suddenly sinks, excessively sinks and is unstable in height connection are effectively solved; the purpose of improving the safety and precision of open caisson construction is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of caisson construction, in particular to a device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson. Background Art

[0002] Caisson construction is a method used to carry out foundation engineering deep in the soil or water. This process is often used in the foundations of structures such as buildings, bridges, and dams. In the caisson process, a large cylindrical or square box made of reinforced concrete or steel, called a caisson or fixed caisson, is first prepared, which is used to drill a hole in the foundation and reach the required depth. The caisson is usually hollowed out or bored through the bottom of the lake by continuously digging soil or other materials from the middle, and then sinking it to the depth of the foundation. In some cases, workboats or special equipment are used to sink the caisson to the required depth. Once the caisson reaches the location, concrete or other materials are poured to fill the void and support the foundation structure. Caisson construction can cut off groundwater sources where large structures need to be built, and deep-water construction can be carried out by providing a closed and flat working surface. At the same time, it can also reduce pollution to water sources and avoid dangerous gas leaks. This process is also used in infrastructure projects such as building foundations, bridge piers, and submarine pipelines.

[0003] Although caisson technology is widely used in the construction field, in the actual construction process, due to complex geological conditions and weak construction control, problems such as sinking difficulties, excessive sinking speed, well body tilt, sudden sinking, over-sinking, and instability in connection height are prone to occur. On the one hand, such problems will endanger construction safety, and on the other hand, they will also have an adverse impact on the control of project quality, progress, and cost. Therefore, a device that can effectively avoid the above construction problems and improve the safety and accuracy of caisson construction is very necessary. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the utility model designs a device for improving the sinking posture of the caisson. The construction equipment can provide targeted solutions according to the actual problems of the project and in different scenarios, effectively solving the problems such as sinking difficulty, too fast sinking speed, well body tilt, sudden sinking, over-sinking, and instability in the caisson construction, so as to improve the safety and accuracy of the caisson construction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson, the device mainly comprises three components: a monitoring control system, a sinking intervention device and a supporting structure of the caisson.

[0007] Furthermore, the monitoring and control system should be able to monitor the sinking speed and inclination of the caisson in real time, determine the current posture of the caisson by itself through the monitoring data, and simultaneously transmit the judgment results to technical personnel and sinking intervention equipment.

[0008] Furthermore, the supporting structure of the caisson is grooves evenly arranged on the outer side of the caisson wall plate, and the number of the grooves should be determined according to the caisson size and sinking calculation parameters.

[0009] Furthermore, the depth and width of the groove should be able to ensure that the front end of the lifting vehicle can enter, and ensure that the friction fixing part can fully contact the side wall of the groove and generate sufficient friction force.

[0010] Furthermore, the sinking intervention equipment includes a pile foundation, a track, a lifting vehicle, a friction fixing part, a support rod, and a jack; the pile foundation is arranged on the outer side of the caisson wall plate; the lower end of the track is buried in the pile foundation; the rear end of the lifting vehicle is installed on the track, and the front end extends into the groove on the outer side of the caisson wall plate; the front end of the lifting vehicle is provided with a friction fixing part, a support rod and a jack; the jack is fixed to the front end of the lifting vehicle, and there are three jacks from top to bottom; the support rods are connected to the jacks and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the jacks; the tail of the support rods is provided with a friction fixing part;

[0011] Furthermore, the pile foundation is arranged outside the caisson wall plate, and the pile foundation can be in various forms such as bored cast-in-place piles, PHC pipe piles, prefabricated reinforced concrete square piles, etc. The pile foundation should have sufficient compressive bearing capacity and tensile bearing capacity at the same time.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the track is embedded in the pile foundation and meets the anchorage length requirement. The lower end of the track should be fixed to the steel bars in the pile foundation by welding.

[0013] Furthermore, the portion of the track extending beyond the ground should remain perpendicular to the flat ground.

[0014] Furthermore, the rear end of the lifting vehicle is installed on a track, and can move up and down along the track or be fixed at a certain position on the track according to instructions.

[0015] Furthermore, the jacks are fixed to the front end of the lifting vehicle, and there are three jacks from top to bottom. The jacks can apply a specific thrust to the support rod according to instructions.

[0016] Furthermore, the support rod is extended outward or shortened inward under the control of the jack, and a friction fixing piece is provided at the tail of the support rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the friction fixing member should be parallel to the side wall of the groove, and the friction fixing member generates a specific friction force with the side wall of the groove under a specific thrust of the jack.

[0018] Furthermore, the number of the pile foundations, tracks and lifting vehicles is the same as that of the grooves, and the positions of the pile foundations, tracks and lifting vehicles are aligned with the center of the grooves.

[0019] Correspondingly, this solution also provides a construction method for improving the sinking posture of the caisson, using the above-mentioned equipment for construction, and the equipment is mainly used in the following scenarios:

[0020] Scenario a: The caisson is difficult to sink, and measures to assist sinking are needed; Scenario b: The caisson is sinking too fast, and measures to slow down the sinking are needed; Scenario c: The caisson is tilted, and corrective measures are needed; Scenario d: The caisson is difficult to stop sinking, and measures to stop the sinking are taken;

[0021] Furthermore, in the use scenario a, when the caisson is difficult to sink and sinking assistance measures are required, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0022] S1: The monitoring and control system detects that the sinking speed of the caisson is too slow and transmits the result to the technicians;

[0023] S2: Technical personnel confirm the monitoring information and on-site construction conditions, determine whether it is necessary to take measures to assist sinking, and issue instructions;

[0024] S3: the device receives a sinking assistance instruction;

[0025] S4: All jacks increase thrust at the same time to increase the friction between the friction fixing part and the side wall of the groove, and ensure that no relative sliding occurs between the friction fixing part and the side wall of the groove during subsequent operation;

[0026] S5: All the lifting vehicles move slowly downward along the track at the same speed, and the friction fixing parts apply downward friction to the side walls of the groove, thereby driving the caisson to sink;

[0027] Furthermore, in the use scenario b, when the caisson sinks too fast and slow-down measures are required, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0028] S1: The monitoring and control system detects that the caisson sinking speed is too fast, and directly issues a command to the equipment to reduce the sinking speed;

[0029] S2: the device receives an instruction to reduce the sinking speed;

[0030] S3: All lifts are fixed at a certain position on the track, and it is ensured that the lifts and the track do not slide relative to each other during subsequent operation;

[0031] S4: All jacks increase thrust at the same time, increasing the friction between the friction fixing part and the side wall of the groove. The friction fixing part and the groove can slide relative to each other, and the friction fixing part applies upward friction to the side wall of the groove, thereby reducing the sinking speed of the caisson;

[0032] Furthermore, in the use scenario c, when the caisson is tilted and corrective measures need to be taken, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0033] S1: The monitoring and control system detects that the caisson inclination angle exceeds the limit and directly issues a correction instruction to the equipment;

[0034] S2: the device receives a correction instruction;

[0035] S3: The side where the caisson sinks less - the jack increases the thrust to increase the friction between the friction fixing part and the side wall of the groove, and ensures that there is no relative sliding between the friction fixing part and the side wall of the groove during subsequent operation; the lifting vehicle moves slowly downward along the track, and the friction fixing part applies downward friction to the side wall of the groove, thereby accelerating the sinking speed of the caisson on this side;

[0036] S4: The side where the caisson sinks more - the lifting vehicle is fixed at a certain position on the track, and it is ensured that the lifting vehicle and the track do not slide relative to each other during subsequent operation; the jack increases the thrust to increase the friction between the friction fixing part and the side wall of the groove. The friction fixing part and the groove can slide relative to each other, and the friction fixing part applies an upward friction force to the side wall of the groove, thereby reducing the sinking speed of the caisson on this side;

[0037] Furthermore, in the use scenario d, when it is difficult to stop the sinking of the caisson and measures are taken to stop the sinking, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0038] S1: When the caisson needs to be raised or the caisson has reached the designed elevation, the technicians will issue a command to the equipment to stop sinking;

[0039] S2: the device receives a stop sinking instruction;

[0040] S3: All jacks increase thrust to improve the friction between the friction fixing parts and the side walls of the grooves, and ensure that no relative sliding occurs between the friction fixing parts and the side walls of the grooves during subsequent operation;

[0041] S4: All lifts are fixed at a certain position on the track, and it is ensured that the lifts and the track do not slide relative to each other during subsequent operation;

[0042] S5: The friction fixing member applies an upward friction force to the side wall of the groove to eliminate the tendency of the caisson to continue to sink, thereby achieving the purpose of stopping the sinking;

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:

[0044] The groove design of the utility model corresponds to the supporting structure of the caisson, and sufficient contact between the fixing parts and the side walls is ensured in the groove, thereby increasing the friction force, which helps to fix and control the sinking posture of the caisson. The utility model can intervene and control the sinking of the caisson through the joint action of the lifting vehicle, friction fixing parts, support rods and jacks. The specific thrust of each jack and the extension and retraction of the support rod, combined with the interaction between the friction fixing parts and the grooves, can achieve the adjustment of the sinking behavior of the caisson in specific scenarios. The monitoring and control system of the utility model can monitor the sinking speed and inclination angle of the caisson in real time, and can timely grasp the posture of the caisson. Transmitting data to technicians and sinking intervention equipment makes decisions faster and more accurate.

[0045] When the caisson has difficulty sinking, the jack increases the thrust to keep the friction fixture in firm contact with the side wall of the groove, causing the caisson to sink. In the case of too fast speed, the instruction to reduce the sinking speed will cause the friction fixture to generate upward friction, thereby slowing down the sinking speed. When the caisson is tilted, the force distribution of the jack and the support rod can be adjusted to achieve different interventions on parts with different tilt degrees, so that the caisson as a whole tends to be stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the rectangular caisson groove arrangement in a specific implementation method;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the arrangement of the circular caisson groove in a specific implementation manner;

[0048] Figure 3 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the arrangement of the sinking intervention equipment in a specific implementation method;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a detailed side view of the connection position between the sinking intervention device and the caisson in a specific implementation method;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a top view detail of the connection position between the sinking intervention equipment and the caisson in a specific implementation method;

[0051] Figure 6 It is a detailed plan view of the connection position between the sinking intervention equipment and the caisson in a specific implementation method;

[0052] Numbers in the figure:

[0053] 1-caisson wall plate, 2-groove, 3-foundation, 4-track, 5-lifting car, 6-friction fixings, 7-support rod, 8-jack, 9-level ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The utility model is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it is not intended to limit the utility model. It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the utility model. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the utility model belongs.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the utility model. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "side", "end" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0057] In the present utility model, terms such as "fixed connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that it can be fixedly connected, integrally connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For relevant scientific research or technical personnel in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be determined according to specific circumstances, and they cannot be understood as limitations on the present utility model.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, a construction process for improving the sinking posture of a caisson is designed. The process mainly includes three components: a monitoring control system, a sinking intervention device, and a supporting structure for the caisson. The process usage scenarios mainly include four types: assisting sinking, slowing sinking, correcting deviation, and stopping sinking;

[0059] The monitoring and control system can monitor the sinking speed and inclination of the caisson in real time, judge the current posture of the caisson through the monitoring data, and synchronously transmit the judgment results to the technicians and the sinking intervention equipment. The monitoring and control system includes an inclination sensor and a displacement sensor. The sensor is installed on the caisson structure. The inclination sensor is used to measure the inclination angle of the wellbore on the horizontal plane, and the displacement sensor is used to measure the vertical displacement of the wellbore, so as to obtain the sinking speed of the wellbore, and is wirelessly connected to the equipment through the communication module. The supporting structure of the caisson is a groove 2 evenly arranged on the outside of the caisson wall plate 1. The sinking intervention equipment includes a pile foundation 3, a track 4, a lifting vehicle 5, a friction fixing part 6, a support rod 7, and a jack 8. The pile foundation 3 is arranged on the outside of the caisson wall plate 1, the lower end of the track 4 is buried in the pile foundation 3, the rear end of the lifting vehicle 5 is installed on the track 4, the front end of the lifting vehicle 5 extends into the groove 2, and three jacks 8 are fixed from top to bottom. The head end of the support rod 7 is connected to the jack 8, and the tail is provided with a friction fixing part 6. The friction fixing part 6 is close to the side wall of the groove 2 and generates friction with it.

[0060] The following describes how to use this device:

[0061] During construction, first, grooves 2 are evenly arranged on the outside of the caisson wall plate 1. The number of grooves 2 should be determined according to the caisson size and sinking calculation parameters. The depth and width of the grooves 2 should ensure that the front end of the lifting vehicle 5 can be extended, and ensure that the friction fixing part 6 can fully contact the side wall of the groove 2 and generate sufficient friction.

[0062] Pile foundations 3 are arranged outside the caisson wall plate 1. The number of pile foundations 3 is the same as the groove 2, and the position is aligned with the center of the groove 2. The pile foundations 3 can be in various forms such as bored cast-in-place piles, PHC pipe piles, prefabricated reinforced concrete square piles, etc. The pile foundations 3 should have sufficient compressive bearing capacity and tensile bearing capacity at the same time.

[0063] A track 4 is arranged on the top of each pile foundation 3, and the position of the track 4 is aligned with the center of the groove 2. The lower end of the track 4 is buried in the pile foundation 3 and meets the anchoring length requirement. The lower end of the track 4 should be fixed to the steel bars in the pile foundation 3 by welding. Ensure that the part of the track 4 that protrudes from the ground is vertical to the flat ground 9.

[0064] Each track 4 is provided with a lifting vehicle 5, and the position of the lifting vehicle 5 is aligned with the center of the groove 2. The rear end of the lifting vehicle 5 is installed on the track 4, and the front end extends into the groove 2. The jack 8 is fixed to the front end of the lifting vehicle 5, and there are three jacks from top to bottom. The head end of the support rod 7 is connected to the jack 8, and the tail end is provided with a friction fixing member 6. The friction fixing member 6 should be parallel to the side wall of the groove 2 to ensure that the friction fixing member 6 can generate a specific friction force with the side wall of the groove 2 under the specific thrust of the jack 8.

[0065] During construction, the equipment is equipped with a monitoring control system, which should be able to monitor the sinking speed and inclination of the caisson in real time, and can simultaneously transmit the monitoring information to the technicians and the equipment. Based on the real-time monitoring data, targeted treatment measures are given according to different construction problem scenarios.

[0066] The equipment is mainly used in the following scenarios: scenario a - the caisson is difficult to sink, and measures to assist sinking are needed; scenario b - the caisson sinks too fast, and measures to slow down the sinking are needed; scenario c - the caisson is tilted, and corrective measures are needed; scenario d - the caisson is difficult to stop sinking, and measures to stop the sinking are taken;

[0067] 1. When it belongs to the use scenario a - the caisson is difficult to sink and it is necessary to take measures to assist the sinking, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0068] S1: The monitoring and control system detects that the sinking speed of the caisson is too slow and transmits the result to the technicians;

[0069] S2: Technical personnel confirm the monitoring information and on-site construction conditions, determine whether it is necessary to take measures to assist sinking, and issue instructions;

[0070] S3: the device receives a sinking assistance instruction;

[0071] S4: All jacks 8 increase the thrust at the same time, thereby increasing the friction between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2, and ensuring that no relative sliding occurs between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2 during subsequent operation;

[0072] S5: All the lifting vehicles 5 move slowly downward along the track 4 at the same speed, and the friction fixing member 6 applies a downward friction force to the side wall of the groove 2, thereby driving the caisson to sink;

[0073] 2. When it belongs to the use scenario b - the caisson sinks too fast and slow-down measures are needed, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0074] S1: The monitoring and control system detects that the caisson sinking speed is too fast, and directly issues a command to the equipment to reduce the sinking speed;

[0075] S2: the device receives an instruction to reduce the sinking speed;

[0076] S3: All the lifting vehicles 5 are fixed at a certain position of the track 4, and it is ensured that the lifting vehicles 5 and the track 4 do not slide relative to each other during subsequent operation;

[0077] S4: All jacks 8 increase thrust at the same time, increasing the friction between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2. The friction fixing member 6 and the groove 2 can slide relative to each other, and the friction fixing member 6 applies an upward friction force to the side wall of the groove 2, thereby reducing the sinking speed of the caisson;

[0078] 3. When it belongs to the use scenario c - the caisson is tilted and corrective measures need to be taken, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0079] S1: The monitoring and control system detects that the caisson inclination angle exceeds the limit and directly issues a correction instruction to the equipment;

[0080] S2: the device receives a correction instruction;

[0081] S3: The side where the caisson sinks less - the jack 8 increases the thrust, increases the friction between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2, and ensures that there is no relative sliding between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2 during subsequent operation; the lifting vehicle 5 moves slowly downward along the track 4, and applies downward friction to the side wall of the groove 2 through the friction fixing member 6, thereby accelerating the sinking speed of the caisson on this side;

[0082] S4: The side where the caisson sinks more - the lifting vehicle 5 is fixed at a certain position of the track 4, and it is ensured that the lifting vehicle 5 and the track 4 do not slide relative to each other during the subsequent operation; the jack 8 increases the thrust to increase the friction between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2. The friction fixing member 6 and the groove 2 can slide relative to each other, and the friction fixing member 6 applies an upward friction force to the side wall of the groove 2, thereby reducing the sinking speed of the caisson on this side;

[0083] 4. When it belongs to the use scenario d - the caisson is difficult to stop sinking and the sinking stop measures are taken, the equipment operation steps are as follows:

[0084] S1: When the caisson needs to be raised or the caisson has reached the designed elevation, the technicians will issue a command to the equipment to stop sinking;

[0085] S2: the device receives a stop sinking instruction;

[0086] S3: All jacks 8 increase the thrust to increase the friction between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2, and ensure that no relative sliding occurs between the friction fixing member 6 and the side wall of the groove 2 during subsequent operation;

[0087] S4: All the lifting vehicles 5 are fixed at a certain position of the track 4, and it is ensured that the lifting vehicles 5 and the track 4 do not slide relative to each other during subsequent operation;

[0088] S5: The friction fixing member 6 applies an upward friction force to the side wall of the groove 2 to eliminate the tendency of the caisson to continue to sink, thereby achieving the purpose of stopping the sinking.

Claims

1. A device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson, characterized in that: It includes monitoring and control system, sinking intervention equipment and supporting structure of caisson; The monitoring and control system is used to monitor the sinking speed and inclination of the caisson in real time and transmit the relevant results to the technicians and the sinking intervention equipment; The supporting structure of the caisson is grooves (2) evenly arranged on the outer side of the caisson wall plate (1), and the number of the grooves (2) should be determined according to the size of the caisson and the sinking calculation parameters; The sinking intervention equipment comprises a pile foundation (3), a track (4), a lifting vehicle (5), a friction fixing member (6), a support rod (7), and a jack (8); The pile foundation (3) is arranged on the outside of the caisson wall plate (1); the lower end of the track (4) is buried in the pile foundation (3); the rear end of the lifting vehicle (5) is installed on the track (4), and the front end extends into the groove (2) on the outside of the caisson wall plate (1); the front end of the lifting vehicle (5) is provided with a friction fixing part (6), a support rod (7) and a jack (8); the jack (8) is fixed to the front end of the lifting vehicle (5), and there are three jacks from top to bottom; the support rod (7) is connected to the jack (8) and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the jack (8); the tail of the support rod (7) is provided with a friction fixing part (6).

2. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth and width of the groove (2) should ensure that the front end of the lifting vehicle (5) can enter, and ensure that the friction fixing member (6) can fully contact the side wall of the groove (2) and generate sufficient friction force.

3. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile foundation (3) is arranged outside the caisson wall plate (1), and the pile foundation (3) adopts bored cast-in-place piles, PHC pipe piles or prefabricated reinforced concrete square piles.

4. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the track (4) is embedded in the pile foundation (3), and the lower end of the track (4) should be fixed to the steel bars in the pile foundation (3) by welding; the part of the track (4) that protrudes from the ground should be kept vertical to the flat ground (9).

5. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end of the lifting vehicle (5) is installed on the track (4), and can move up and down along the track (4) or be fixed at a certain position of the track (4) according to instructions.

6. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction fixing member (6) should be parallel to the side wall of the groove (2), and the friction fixing member (6) generates friction force with the side wall of the groove (2) under the thrust of the jack (8).

7. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (7) is extended outward or shortened inward under the control of the jack (8), and a friction fixing member (6) is provided at the tail of the support rod (7).

8. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jacks (8) are fixed to the front end of the lifting vehicle (5), and there are three of them from top to bottom. The jacks (8) can apply thrust to the support rod (7) according to instructions.

9. The device for improving the sinking posture of a caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the pile foundation (3), the track (4) and the lifting vehicle (5) is the same as that of the groove (2); the positions of the pile foundation (3), the track (4) and the lifting vehicle (5) are aligned with the center of the groove (2).

Images