Adjusting mechanism and speed change device for river channel trash holding

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of river channel trash holding, in particular to an adjusting mechanism and a speed change device for river channel trash holding, which comprise a gearbox body, a waterwheel assembly arranged on one side of the gearbox body, a micro generator assembly arranged in the gearbox body and an adjusting assembly arranged in the gearbox body. A first cavity, a second cavity adjacent to the first cavity and a third cavity adjacent to the second cavity are formed in the gearbox body. Water flow flows to drive waterwheel rotating blades to rotate, so that a generator rotor is driven to cut magnetic induction lines in a magnetic field to generate voltage, output current is connected to an electromagnet, the current generated by a micro generator assembly is controlled through the flow speed of the water flow, and therefore the pulling force of the electromagnet on a variable-speed loop bar is controlled. And then the speed change loop bar drives the synchronous shaft ring to be matched and clamped with the large driven wheel and the small driven wheel, so that the rotating speed of the power output shaft is adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of river channel pollution interception, in particular to an adjusting mechanism and a speed changing device used for river channel pollution interception. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, river pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and river pollution interception technology has become an important means to protect the water environment and maintain ecological balance. Therefore, hydropower stations usually have water retaining structures. Water flows through the water inlet to generate electricity from the turbine. If the dirt in front of the water retaining structure is not cleaned up in time, it will flow to the unit with the water flow, which will affect the safe and stable operation of the unit. Therefore, the dirt in front of the water retaining structure needs to be intercepted first to prevent it from entering the turbine, and then the dirt needs to be cleaned up. The most commonly used method in hydropower stations at present is to install trash racks in front of each water inlet to intercept the garbage. This method can effectively intercept the garbage, but if the garbage is not cleaned in time, the garbage will accumulate in front of the water inlet, blocking the water inlet and affecting the water flow. In addition, the general trash rack does not have the function of self-cleaning garbage. The cleaning of garbage requires the help of other mechanical equipment, which is difficult to clean and the safety factor of the cleaning process is low. Therefore, we design a river garbage intercepting device, including a trash rack and an automatic garbage cleaning system. During the garbage cleaning process, the garbage cleaning speed needs to match the flow rate of the river water. Therefore, we need to develop a speed change device to adjust the garbage intercepting speed of the river garbage intercepting device.

[0003] Since the automatic sewage cleaning system often has a mismatch between its cleaning capacity and the water flow rate, resulting in the sewage cleaning system not being able to work properly, we also need to develop a regulating mechanism for river sewage interception to adjust the sewage interception speed of the automatic sewage cleaning system according to the water flow rate, so as to solve the problem that during the automatic sewage cleaning process, the sewage cleaning speed does not match the water flow rate, resulting in the sewage cleaning system not being able to work properly.

[0004] In view of the above problems, we proposed a regulating mechanism and a speed changing device for river pollution interception. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the utility model and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and utility model name of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, specification abstract and utility model name, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0006] In view of the problem in the above or prior art that the cleaning capacity and the water flow rate do not match, resulting in the problem that the dirt cleaning system cannot work normally, the present utility model is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a regulating mechanism for intercepting pollution in rivers.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: comprising a gearbox body, a waterwheel assembly arranged on one side of the gearbox body, a micro-generator assembly arranged in the gearbox body, and an adjustment assembly arranged in the gearbox body;

[0009] The gearbox body is provided with a first cavity, a second cavity adjacent to the first cavity, and a third cavity adjacent to the second cavity.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the regulating mechanism for river pollution interception of the utility model, the waterwheel assembly includes a waterwheel shaft rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the third cavity and extending outside the gearbox body, and a waterwheel blade fixedly sleeved on the waterwheel shaft.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the regulating mechanism for river pollution interception of the utility model, the micro-generator assembly includes an N-pole permanent magnet arranged at one end of the third cavity, an S-pole permanent magnet arranged at the other end of the third cavity, a generator rotor fixedly sleeved on the waterwheel shaft and located in the third cavity, and an electromagnet arranged on the inner wall of the third cavity and forming a closed circuit with the generator rotor.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the regulating mechanism for river pollution interception of the utility model, the regulating component includes a speed changing part arranged in the first cavity, a synchronizing part arranged in the first cavity and transmission connected to the speed changing part, and an elastic part arranged at the adjacent inner walls of the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the regulating mechanism for river pollution interception of the utility model, the speed change part includes a fixed rod arranged in the first cavity, a speed change sleeve slidably sleeved on the fixed rod, and a ferromagnetic material fixedly connected to one end of the speed change sleeve and located in the second cavity.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the regulating mechanism for river channel pollution interception of the utility model, the synchronous member comprises a synchronous rod fixedly arranged in the first cavity and fixedly connected to one end of the shift sleeve rod, a fixed collar fixedly connected to one end of the synchronous rod, and a synchronous shaft ring rotatably sleeved with the fixed collar;

[0015] A rack is also arranged on the inner side of the synchronous shaft ring, and plug holes are opened at both ends.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the regulating mechanism for river pollution interception of the utility model, the elastic member includes a fixed baffle ring fixedly sleeved on the shift sleeve, and a compression spring movably sleeved on the shift sleeve and located between the fixed baffle ring and the inner wall of the first cavity.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the regulating mechanism for intercepting pollution in rivers of the utility model are as follows: the utility model drives the waterwheel blades to rotate through the flow of water, thereby driving the generator rotor to cut the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic field to generate voltage, and the output current is connected to the electromagnet, and the magnitude of the current generated by the micro-generator assembly is controlled by the water flow velocity, thereby controlling the pulling force of the electromagnet on the speed change sleeve, and then the speed change sleeve drives the synchronous shaft ring to match and engage with the large driven wheel and the small driven wheel respectively, so as to realize the speed adjustment of the power output shaft.

[0018] In actual use, there is still a problem of mismatch between cleaning capacity and the amount of dirt.

[0019] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model also provides the following technical solutions: a speed change device, including an adjusting mechanism for intercepting pollution in a river channel, and also including a driving member arranged at the bottom of the first cavity, and a power output member arranged in the first cavity and transmission-connected to the driving member.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the speed change device of the utility model, the driving member includes a driving motor arranged at the bottom of the first cavity, a main wheel shaft fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and a small driving wheel and a large driving wheel sequentially sleeved on the main wheel shaft.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the speed change device of the utility model, wherein: the power output member includes a power output shaft disposed in the first cavity, and a large driven wheel and a small driven wheel sequentially sleeved on the power output shaft;

[0022] The power output shaft is also provided with a rack groove;

[0023] The end faces of the large driven wheel and the small driven wheel opposite to each other are both provided with plug-in columns.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the speed change device of the utility model are as follows: the utility model drives the small driving wheel and the large driving wheel to rotate through the driving motor, thereby driving the large driven wheel and the small driven wheel meshing with the small driving wheel and the large driving wheel to rotate, and drives the power output shaft to rotate through the clamping connection between the synchronous shaft and the large driven wheel or the small driven wheel, and finally realizes that the fast and slow gears can be switched according to the speed of the water flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross section of a regulating mechanism used for intercepting pollution in rivers.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a regulating mechanism used for intercepting pollution in rivers.

[0028] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the speed change device.

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speed change device.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial explosion diagram of the speed change device.

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the local details of the speed change device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 4, which is the first embodiment of the utility model, and this embodiment provides a regulating mechanism for intercepting pollution in a river, including a gearbox body 100, a waterwheel assembly 200 arranged on one side of the gearbox body 100, a micro-generator assembly 300 arranged in the gearbox body 100, and an regulating assembly 400 arranged in the gearbox body 100; a first cavity 101, a second cavity 102 adjacent to the first cavity 101, and a third cavity 103 adjacent to the second cavity 102 are opened in the gearbox body 100.

[0037] In this embodiment, the gearbox body 100 is used to install the entire device, the waterwheel assembly 200 is used to use the movement of water flow to drive the generator rotor 303 in the micro-generator assembly 300 to rotate, thereby generating current in the closed circuit of the micro-generator assembly 300, and the adjustment assembly 400 is used to transmit and connect the speed change device, so that the speed change device can adjust the operating speed of the pollution interception system of the river pollution interception device according to the water flow speed.

[0038] Specifically, the waterwheel assembly 200 includes a waterwheel shaft 201 rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the third cavity 103 and extending outside the gearbox body 100, and a waterwheel blade 202 fixedly sleeved on the waterwheel shaft 201; the micro generator assembly 300 includes an N-pole permanent magnet 301 arranged at one end of the third cavity 103, an S-pole permanent magnet 302 arranged at the other end of the third cavity 103, a generator rotor 303 fixedly sleeved on the waterwheel shaft 201 and located in the third cavity 103, and an electromagnet 304 arranged on the inner wall of the third cavity 103 and forming a closed circuit with the generator rotor 303.

[0039] In this embodiment, the waterwheel shaft 201 passes through the inner wall of the third cavity 103, and one end extending to the outside of the gearbox body 100 is fixedly sleeved with a waterwheel blade 202. The waterwheel blade 202 is used to facilitate the kinetic energy of the water flow to drive the waterwheel shaft 201 to rotate, thereby driving the generator rotor 303 to rotate in the magnetic field to cut the magnetic flux lines. A permanent magnet is arranged at each end of the third cavity 103. The N-pole permanent magnet 301 and the S-pole permanent magnet 302 form a magnetic field to generate magnetic flux lines. According to the principle of hydropower generation, the generator rotor 303 forms a closed loop with the electromagnet 304 through a wire. The generator rotor 303 is located in the magnetic field. Driven by the waterwheel blade 202, it cuts the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic field, thereby generating voltage. The output current is transmitted to the electromagnet 304 through the wire, and it generates magnetic force according to the principle of electromagnetism. The magnitude of the magnetic force changes with the flow rate of the water.

[0040] When in use, the gearbox body 100 is placed in the water of the river pollution blocking section, so that the water flow can drive the waterwheel rotor 202 to rotate, thereby driving the generator rotor 303 to rotate in the magnetic field to generate voltage and current, so that the micro-generator assembly 300 works, and the current is conducted to the electromagnet 304. According to the principle of electromagnetism, it generates an electromagnetic field, thereby attracting the ferromagnetic material 401c located opposite to it, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the attraction of the electromagnet 304 to the ferromagnetic material 401c according to the water flow rate. When the water flow rate is slow, the generator rotor 303 rotates slowly, and the current generated by the micro-generator assembly 300 is small, so that the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnet 304 is weak, and the magnetic pulling force formed is small. On the contrary, when the water flow rate is large, the magnetic pulling force becomes strong.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , which is the second embodiment of the utility model. Different from the previous embodiment, this embodiment includes an adjusting assembly 400, which includes a speed change member 401 arranged in the first cavity 101, a synchronization member 402 arranged in the first cavity 101 and transmission connected to the speed change member 401, and an elastic member 403 arranged at the adjacent inner walls of the first cavity 101 and the second cavity 102.

[0043] In this embodiment, one end of the speed change member 401 is connected to a ferromagnetic material 401c, which is opposite to the electromagnet 304, so that the position of the speed change member 401 changes according to the strength of the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnet 304. The speed change member 401 is used to connect the synchronous member 402, so that the synchronous member 402 moves according to the speed change member 401, and the synchronous member 402 is slidably sleeved on the power output shaft 601, and is used to drive the power output shaft 601 to rotate, so as to output power to the main body of the river pollution intercepting device. The elastic member 403 is located at the adjacent inner walls of the first cavity 101 and the second cavity 102, and is used to limit the speed change member 401.

[0044] Specifically, the speed change member 401 includes a fixed rod 401a disposed in the first cavity 101, a speed change sleeve 401b slidably sleeved on the fixed rod 401a, and a ferromagnetic material 401c fixedly connected to one end of the speed change sleeve 401b and located in the second cavity 102; the synchronization member 402 includes a synchronization rod 402a fixedly disposed in the first cavity 101 and fixedly connected to one end of the speed change sleeve 401b, and a fixedly connected to one end of the synchronization rod 402a. A fixed collar 402b and a synchronizing collar 402c rotatably sleeved with the fixed collar 402b; a rack 402c-1 is also provided on the inner side of the synchronizing collar 402c, and plug holes 402c-2 are provided on both end faces of the rack; the elastic member 403 includes a fixed baffle ring 403a fixedly sleeved on the shift sleeve rod 401b, and an extrusion spring 403b movably sleeved on the shift sleeve rod 401b and located between the fixed baffle ring 403a and the inner wall of the first cavity 101.

[0045] In this embodiment, the fixing rod 401a is fixedly installed on the top of the first cavity 101, and is used to install and support the shift sleeve 401b so that it can slide thereon. The shift sleeve 401b passes through the adjacent inner walls of the first cavity 101 and the second cavity 102, and one end of the shift sleeve 401b extending into the second cavity 102 is fixedly installed with a ferromagnetic material 401c. The position of the ferromagnetic material 401c is opposite to the electromagnet 304, so that the shift sleeve 401b moves according to the magnetic pulling force of the electromagnet 304 on the ferromagnetic material 401c, thereby driving the synchronous shaft ring 402c connected to the shift sleeve 401b to slide on the power output shaft 601, and the rack 402c -1 is used to snap into the rack groove 601a provided on the power output shaft 601, so that the synchronization collar 402c can slide on the power output shaft 601 and drive the power output shaft 601 to rotate at the same time, and the plug-in hole 402c-2 matches the plug-in column 604 on the large driven wheel 602 and the small driven wheel 603. When the plug-in column 604 is plugged into the plug-in hole 402c-2, the synchronization collar 402c will rotate with the large driven wheel 602 or the small driven wheel 603, thereby driving the power output shaft 601 to rotate, so as to adjust the speed of rotation of the power output shaft 601 according to the water flow velocity, thereby adjusting the speed of the river pollution interception device.

[0046] The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0047] When in use, the micro-generator assembly 300 can generate currents of different magnitudes according to the speed of the water flow, thereby causing the electromagnet 304 to generate magnetic fields of different strengths. When the water flow is slow, the magnetic field of the electromagnet 304 has a small pulling force on the ferromagnetic material 401c, and the tension of the extrusion spring 403b causes the speed change sleeve 401b to move toward the large driven wheel 602, thereby driving the plug hole 402c-2 on the synchronous shaft ring 402c to match the plug column 604 on the large driven wheel 602, so that the synchronous shaft ring 402c rotates with the large driven wheel 602, and at the same time drives the driven wheel 602 to rotate. When the power output shaft 601 rotates and the water flow speed is fast, the magnetic field of the electromagnet 304 exerts a large pulling force on the ferromagnetic material 401c, thereby pulling the shift sleeve 401b to move in the direction of the small driven wheel 603, and then driving the plug hole 402c-2 on the synchronous shaft ring 402c to match the plug column 604 on the small driven wheel 603, so that the synchronous shaft ring 402c rotates with the small driven wheel 603, and at the same time drives the power output shaft 601 to rotate, so as to adjust the rotation speed of the power output shaft 601 by the speed of the water flow, and finally realize the adjustment of the operating speed of the river pollution interception device.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Reference Figures 1 to 6, which is the third embodiment of the utility model. Different from the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a speed change device, including the regulating mechanism for river pollution interception in the above embodiment, and also includes a driving member 500 arranged at the bottom of the first cavity, and a power output member 600 arranged in the first cavity 101 and drivingly connected to the driving member 500; the driving member 500 includes a driving motor 501 arranged at the bottom of the first cavity 101, a main wheel shaft 502 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 501, and a small driving wheel 503 and a large driving wheel 504 sequentially sleeved on the main wheel shaft 502; the power output member 600 includes a power output shaft 601 arranged in the first cavity 101, and a large driven wheel 602 and a small driven wheel 603 sequentially sleeved on the power output shaft 601; a rack groove 601a is also provided on the power output shaft 601; and plug-in columns 604 are provided on the end faces of the large driven wheel 602 and the small driven wheel 603 on the opposite side.

[0050] In this embodiment, the driving member 500 provides power for the power output member 600, the driving motor 501 drives the main wheel shaft 502 to rotate, the main wheel shaft 502 drives the small driving wheel 503 and the large driving wheel 504 thereon to rotate, the small driving wheel 503 engages with the large driven wheel 602, and the large driving wheel 504 engages with the small driven wheel 603, so that the fast and slow gears can be switched according to the speed of the water flow.

[0051] The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 2.

[0052] When in use, when the water flow rate is slow, the pulling force of the electromagnet 304 on the ferromagnetic material 401c is small, and the speed change sleeve 401b drives the plug hole 402c-2 on the synchronous shaft ring 402c to match the plug column 604 on the large driven wheel 602, so that the synchronous shaft ring 402c rotates with the large driven wheel 602, and drives the power output shaft 601 to rotate at the same time. At this time, the small driving wheel 503 drives the large driven wheel 602 to rotate, realizing the low-speed rotation of the power output shaft 601, that is, at this time, the river channel sewage interception device When the device runs slowly and the water flow speed is fast, the electromagnet 304 exerts a large pulling force on the ferromagnetic material 401c, and the plug-in hole 402c-2 on the synchronous shaft ring 402c matches the plug-in column 604 on the small driven wheel 603, so that the synchronous shaft ring 402c rotates with the small driven wheel 603, and drives the power output shaft 601 to rotate at the same time. At this time, the large driving wheel 504 drives the small driven wheel 603 to rotate, realizing the high-speed rotation of the power output shaft 601, that is, the river pollution intercepting device runs fast at this time.

[0053] Speed ​​change relationship:

[0054] According to the relationship between power and torque, the driving wheel power is: P1 = M × W

[0055] There is an efficiency conversion problem between the power of the driving wheel and the driven wheel: P1 = ηP2

[0056] According to the relationship between the wheel radius and acceleration, the two meshing gears have the same linear velocity but different gear radii, resulting in different angular velocities W.

[0057]

[0058] W1M1=ηW2M2

[0059]

[0060] M1: driving wheel torque

[0061] M2: driven wheel torque

[0062] W1: driving wheel speed

[0063] R1 driving wheel radius

[0064] W2: driven wheel speed

[0065] R2: Radius of driven wheel

[0066] P1: driving wheel power

[0067] P1: driven wheel power

[0068] η: Efficiency

[0069] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and ratio of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure of performing the function described herein, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0070] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of example embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0071] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0072] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A regulating mechanism for intercepting pollution in a river, characterized in that: It comprises a gearbox body (100), a waterwheel assembly (200) arranged on one side of the gearbox body (100), a micro-generator assembly (300) arranged in the gearbox body (100), and an adjustment assembly (400) arranged in the gearbox body (100); The gearbox body (100) is provided with a first cavity (101), a second cavity (102) adjacent to the first cavity (101), and a third cavity (103) adjacent to the second cavity (102).

2. The regulating mechanism for blocking pollution in a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterwheel assembly (200) comprises a waterwheel shaft (201) rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the third cavity (103) and extending outside the gearbox body (100), and a waterwheel blade (202) fixedly sleeved on the waterwheel shaft (201).

3. The regulating mechanism for blocking pollution in a river according to claim 2, characterized in that: The micro-generator assembly (300) comprises an N-pole permanent magnet (301) arranged at one end of the third cavity (103), an S-pole permanent magnet (302) arranged at the other end of the third cavity (103), a generator rotor (303) fixedly sleeved on the waterwheel shaft (201) and located in the third cavity (103), and an electromagnet (304) arranged on the inner wall of the third cavity (103) and forming a closed circuit with the generator rotor (303).

4. The regulating mechanism for blocking pollution in a river according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (400) comprises a transmission component (401) arranged in the first cavity (101), a synchronization component (402) arranged in the first cavity (101) and drivingly connected to the transmission component (401), and an elastic component (403) arranged at the adjacent inner walls of the first cavity (101) and the second cavity (102).

5. The regulating mechanism for blocking pollution in a river according to claim 4, characterized in that: The speed change component (401) comprises a fixed rod (401a) disposed in the first cavity (101), a speed change sleeve (401b) slidably sleeved on the fixed rod (401a), and a ferromagnetic material (401c) fixedly connected to one end of the speed change sleeve (401b) and located in the second cavity (102).

6. The regulating mechanism for blocking pollution in a river according to claim 5, characterized in that: The synchronizer (402) comprises a synchronizer rod (402a) fixedly disposed in the first cavity (101) and fixedly connected to one end of the shift sleeve rod (401b), a fixed collar (402b) fixedly connected to one end of the synchronizer rod (402a), and a synchronizer shaft ring (402c) rotatably sleeved with the fixed collar (402b); A rack (402c-1) is also provided inside the synchronization collar (402c), and plug holes (402c-2) are provided at both ends.

7. The regulating mechanism for blocking pollution in a river according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic member (403) comprises a fixed retaining ring (403a) fixedly sleeved on the shift sleeve (401b), and a compression spring (403b) movably sleeved on the shift sleeve (401b) and located between the fixed retaining ring (403a) and the inner wall of the first cavity (101).

8. A speed change device, characterized in that: It comprises the regulating mechanism for river pollution interception as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and also comprises a driving member (500) arranged at the bottom of the first cavity, and a power output member (600) arranged in the first cavity (101) and transmission-connected to the driving member (500).

9. The speed change device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving member (500) comprises a driving motor (501) disposed at the bottom of the first cavity (101), a main wheel shaft (502) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (501), and a small driving wheel (503) and a large driving wheel (504) sequentially sleeved on the main wheel shaft (502).

10. The speed change device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The power output member (600) comprises a power output shaft (601) disposed in the first cavity (101), and a large driven wheel (602) and a small driven wheel (603) which are sequentially sleeved on the power output shaft (601); The power output shaft (601) is also provided with a rack groove (601a); The end faces of the large driven wheel (602) and the small driven wheel (603) opposite to each other are both provided with plug-in posts (604).

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