Anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device
By adopting a combined structure of coal-fall inclined pipe, coal-falling straight pipe, jet and coal-flowing air duct in the coal feeding device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, combined with vibration components and clearing pipes, the problem of coal-breaking and flue gas backflow in the coal feeding device is solved, and the stability and economic benefits of boiler operation are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421815499.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-30
AI Technical Summary
The coal feeding device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is prone to block coal, especially in the case of high humidity and viscosity, which leads to unstable boiler operation, increasing operating costs and reducing economic benefits. At the same time, the flue gas in the furnace rushes back to the coal feeding system, damaging the equipment.
A boiler coal feeding device that is anti-blocking is designed, adopts a coal-falling inclined pipe and a coal-falling straight pipe structure, combined with a jet and a coal-flowing air duct, forms a suction negative pressure through high-speed coal-flowing wind, keeps the coal-falling pipe unobstructed, and effectively clears the coal-blocking through vibration components and clearing pipes.
It effectively prevents coal blockage of coal from falling coal pipes, maintains the stability of boiler operation, reduces operating costs, and prevents flue gas in the furnace from rushing back to the coal feeding system, extending the service life of the coal feeding device.
Smart Images
Figure CN222881153U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to an anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device. Background Art
[0002] Circulating fluidized bed boilers have the advantages of wide fuel adaptability, high thermal efficiency and less pollutant emissions. They are suitable for my country's national conditions in recent years, where pollutant emissions have become increasingly stringent. Therefore, they have been vigorously developed and widely used. The coal feeding device is one of the important components of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. Its main function is to feed the coal in the coal hopper into the furnace for combustion, ensuring sufficient fuel supply and the thermal load of the boiler, which has an important impact on the thermal efficiency of the boiler.
[0003] At present, the coal feeding device of the circulating fluidized bed boiler usually adopts an upright or inclined coal drop pipe structure, but the coal blocking problem of the coal feeding device often occurs frequently, especially when the humidity and viscosity of the coal are slightly higher, the coal blocking of the coal feeding device is particularly serious. Most of the coal blocking points are at the corners of the coal drop pipe, and coal clumps will accumulate more and more at the corners of the coal drop pipe, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the boiler, increasing the operating cost of the boiler, and reducing the economic benefits of the boiler; in addition, the coal feeding port of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is in the positive pressure operation of the dense phase area at the bottom of the furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace flows back to the coal feeding system, affecting or even damaging the coal feeding system. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a boiler coal feeding device with an anti-blocking function to solve the above problems, which can prevent coal blockage in the pipe, dredge coal blockage in the pipe, and prevent furnace smoke from flowing back to the coal bunker.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0006] A blockage-proof boiler coal feeding device comprises an inclined coal dropping pipe and a straight coal dropping pipe, wherein the inclined coal dropping pipe is obliquely arranged on one side of a furnace and its bottom end can be connected to the furnace, an ejector is vertically arranged above the inclined coal dropping pipe, and the ejector is provided with a coal outlet, a coal inlet and an air inlet, the coal outlet of the ejector is connected to the top end of the inclined coal dropping pipe, the bottom end of the straight coal dropping pipe passes through the coal inlet of the ejector and extends into the ejector for a certain length, an annular inner cavity is formed between the outer wall of the straight coal dropping pipe and the inner wall of the ejector, and a first coal spreading air duct is arranged on the side wall of the ejector, the first coal spreading air duct is connected to the air inlet of the ejector and communicates with the annular inner cavity, and is used for receiving coal spreading air.
[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a coal dropping structure, which is a cast cylindrical structure, which is coaxially arranged with the coal dropping inclined pipe, the bottom end of the coal dropping inclined pipe is connected to the top of the coal dropping structure, and the bottom end of the coal dropping structure can be connected to the furnace.
[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a vibration component, which includes a vibration plate and a vibrator. The vibration plate is laid along the inner wall of the bottom side tube of the coal dropping inclined tube and is located directly below the outlet end of the ejector. The vibration plate is fixedly connected to the coal dropping inclined tube through a connecting rod; the mounting end of the vibrator is fixedly connected to a plate surface of the vibration plate, and a mounting hole is opened on the coal dropping inclined tube. The wiring end of the vibrator passes through the mounting hole and is located outside the coal dropping inclined tube.
[0009] Furthermore, the coal dropping inclined pipe is provided with a mounting groove, the vibration plate is arranged in the mounting groove, the other plate surface of the vibration plate coincides with the extension surface of the inner wall surface of the coal dropping inclined pipe, and the mounting hole is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove.
[0010] Furthermore, a second coal spreading air duct is provided at the connection between the coal dropping structure and the coal dropping inclined pipe. The second coal spreading air duct is connected to the side wall of the coal dropping structure and communicated with the coal dropping structure, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the horizontal direction.
[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a third coal spreading air duct, one end of which is connected to the first coal spreading air duct, and the other end of which is connected to the side wall of the ejector near the outlet end, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the axial centerline direction of the coal falling inclined pipe to provide obliquely blown coal spreading air and prevent coal blockage.
[0012] Furthermore, a first clearing pipe is provided on the coal dropping structure, which is connected to the bottom side wall of the coal dropping structure and communicated with the coal dropping structure, and is used to connect to compressed air, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the horizontal direction; a second clearing pipe is provided at the connection between the coal dropping inclined pipe and the ejector, and the second clearing pipe is connected to the side wall of the ejector and communicated with the ejector, and is used to connect to compressed air, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the axial centerline direction of the coal dropping inclined pipe.
[0013] Furthermore, the vibration plate is made of wear-resistant material.
[0014] Furthermore, an inspection port and a cover covering the inspection port are provided on the side wall of the coal dropping inclined pipe, and the cover is detachably connected to the coal dropping inclined pipe.
[0015] Furthermore, the inclined coal dropping pipe and the straight coal dropping pipe are circular pipes or rectangular pipes.
[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The utility model provides a coal spreading air duct and an ejector, and the coal spreading air is connected to the coal feeding device in two ways. One way of the coal spreading air is connected to the ejector, so that the wind speed at the lower end of the ejector is increased, and a suction negative pressure is formed below the straight coal dropping pipe to keep the coal dropping pipes unobstructed, and a negative pressure seal is formed above the straight coal dropping pipe and the coal outlet of the coal feeder to prevent the smoke in the furnace from flowing back to the coal feeder; the other way of the coal spreading air is connected to the front of the coal feeding port of the furnace, so that the coal flow and coal particles can be entrained by the high-speed coal spreading air and blown into the furnace smoothly; by arranging a vibration component and a coal blocking pipe to connect to compressed air, the problem of coal blockage at the corner of the coal dropping pipe and the coal dropping port of the furnace can be effectively solved, which helps to improve the stability of boiler operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 It is a top view of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 The utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the wind speed and flow direction of the ejector of the utility model.
[0022] In the accompanying drawings, there are a coal dropping structure 1, a coal dropping inclined pipe 2, an inspection port 21, a coal dropping straight pipe 3, an ejector 4, a first coal spreading air duct 5, a third coal spreading air duct 6, a second coal spreading air duct 7, a first clearing pipe 8, a second clearing pipe 9, a cover 10, a vibration assembly 11, a vibration plate 111, a vibrator 112, and a connecting rod 113. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a blocking-proof boiler coal feeding device comprises a coal dropping structure 1, a coal dropping inclined pipe 2 and a coal dropping straight pipe 3 which are connected in sequence. The coal dropping structure 1 is a cast cylindrical structure. The coal dropping structure 1 is tilted and arranged on one side of the furnace, and its bottom end is connected and communicated with the furnace. Figure 1As shown, the angle between the coal dropping structure 1 and the horizontal line is 60°; the coal dropping inclined pipe 2 and the coal dropping straight pipe 3 are circular pipes or rectangular pipes, the coal dropping inclined pipe 2 is coaxially arranged with the coal dropping structure 1, the bottom end of the coal dropping inclined pipe 2 is sealed and connected with the top end of the coal dropping structure 1, and an ejector 4 with a variable diameter circular structure is vertically arranged above the coal dropping inclined pipe 2, and the ejector 4 is provided with a coal outlet, a coal inlet and an air inlet, the coal outlet (small diameter end) of the ejector 4 is fixedly welded to the top end of the coal dropping inclined pipe 2, and the coal dropping straight pipe 3 is fixedly welded to the top end of the coal dropping inclined pipe 2. The bottom end passes through the coal inlet (large-diameter end) of the ejector 4 and extends into the ejector 4 for a certain length, and can be welded and fixed to the ejector 4 by a rod. An annular inner cavity is formed between the outer wall of the coal-dropping straight pipe 3 and the inner wall of the ejector 4, and the top of the coal-dropping straight pipe 3 is used to fix the coal outlet of the external coal feeder; a first coal-spreading air duct 5 is provided on the side wall of the ejector 4, and the first coal-spreading air duct 5 is connected to the air inlet of the ejector 4 and communicated with the annular inner cavity, and the first coal-spreading air duct 5 is used to connect the coal-spreading air.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the coal feeding device of this embodiment also includes a second coal spreading air duct 7 and a third coal spreading air duct 6. The second coal spreading air duct 7 is arranged at the connection between the coal dropping structure 1 and the coal dropping inclined pipe 2, and is welded and fixed on the side wall of the coal dropping structure 1 and is connected to the coal dropping structure 1, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the horizontal direction; one end of the third coal spreading air duct 6 is connected to the first coal spreading air duct 5, and the other end of the third coal spreading air duct 6 is connected to the side wall of the ejector 4 near the outlet end. The first coal spreading air duct 5, the third coal spreading air duct 6 and the ejector 4 are connected in sequence, and the air outlet direction of the third coal spreading air duct 6 is parallel to the axial centerline direction of the coal dropping inclined pipe 2. Specifically, a regulating valve for adjusting the air volume can be provided in the middle of the third coal spreading air duct 6.
[0027] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: when working, high-speed coal-spreading wind is connected to the coal feeding device in two ways. One way of coal-spreading wind enters from the first coal-spreading wind duct 5 and the third coal-spreading wind duct 6 from the upper and lower ends of the ejector 4 respectively, so that the wind speed at the lower end of the ejector 4 is increased, that is, a suction negative pressure is formed below the coal-dropping straight pipe 3, and the coal-dropping pipes are kept unobstructed, and the coal-spreading wind is blown in obliquely from the lower end of the ejector 4 to prevent coal blockage at the corner, and a negative pressure seal is formed above the coal-dropping straight pipe 3 and the coal outlet of the coal feeder to prevent the smoke in the furnace from flowing back to the coal feeder; the other way of coal-spreading wind is connected from the second coal-spreading wind duct 7, so that the coal flow and coal particles are entrained by the high-speed coal-spreading wind and blown into the furnace smoothly, thereby improving the coal feeding efficiency and preventing coal blockage.
[0028] Example 2
[0029] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the present embodiment 2 is provided with a clearing structure, and other identical structures are not described in detail, which are as follows:
[0030] The coal feeding device of the present embodiment 2 also includes a vibration assembly 11, which includes a vibration plate 111 and a vibrator 112. The vibration plate 111 is laid along the inner wall of the bottom side tube of the coal falling inclined tube 2 and is located directly below the outlet end of the ejector 4. The vibration plate 111 is connected to the coal falling inclined tube 2 through a connecting rod 113. The mounting end of the vibrator 112 is fixedly connected to a plate surface of the vibration plate 111. The coal falling inclined tube 2 is also provided with a mounting hole. The wiring end of the vibrator 112 passes through the mounting hole and is located outside the coal falling inclined tube 2. The mounting hole is sealed by a sealing ring or sealing material inside the tube. Specifically, the vibration plate 111 is made of wear-resistant material. It should be noted that the plate surface shape of the vibration plate 111 is adapted to the tube wall of the coal falling inclined tube 2. For example, when the coal falling inclined tube 2 is a circular tube or a rectangular tube, the vibration plate 111 is an arc plate or a plane plate. The vibrator is an application of existing technology and will not be described in detail here.
[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the coal feeding device of this embodiment 2 also includes a first clearing pipe 8 and a second clearing pipe 9. The first clearing pipe 8 is connected to the bottom side wall of the coal dropping structure 1 and is communicated with the coal dropping structure 1. The first clearing pipe 8 is used to connect to compressed air, and its gas outlet direction is parallel to the horizontal direction; the second clearing pipe 9 is arranged at the connection between the coal dropping inclined pipe 2 and the ejector 4, which is connected to the side wall of the ejector 4 and is communicated with the ejector 4. The second clearing pipe 9 is used to connect to compressed air, and its gas outlet direction is parallel to the axial centerline direction of the coal dropping inclined pipe 2.
[0032] By adding vibration components and clearing pipes at the corners of the coal feeding pipe, when coal blockage occurs, the vibrator is turned on to drive the vibration plate to vibrate, and compressed air is used to impact the coal blockage and clear the coal feeding device. The vibration plate is made of wear-resistant material to avoid the long-term wear of the pipe wall at the corner of the coal falling inclined pipe due to the influence of vertical coal falling, thereby improving the service life of the coal feeding device.
[0033] Based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, as a preferred implementation mode, an inspection port 21 and a cover 10 covering the inspection port 21 are provided on the side wall of the coal dropping inclined pipe 2, and the cover 10 is detachably connected to the coal dropping inclined pipe 2, such as by bolts. The additional inspection port is convenient for installing the vibration component and maintaining the boiler later, and the blockage problem of the coal feeding device can also be checked and solved through the inspection port when necessary.
[0034] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0036] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A boiler coal feeding device with an anti-blocking function, comprising a coal dropping inclined pipe (2) and a coal dropping straight pipe (3), wherein the coal dropping inclined pipe (2) is arranged obliquely on one side of a furnace and its bottom end can be connected to the furnace, and is characterized in that: An ejector (4) is vertically arranged above the coal dropping inclined pipe (2). The ejector (4) is provided with a coal outlet, a coal inlet and an air inlet. The coal outlet of the ejector (4) is connected to the top of the coal dropping inclined pipe (2). The bottom end of the coal dropping straight pipe (3) passes through the coal inlet of the ejector (4) and extends into the ejector (4) for a certain length. An annular inner cavity is formed between the outer wall of the coal dropping straight pipe (3) and the inner wall of the ejector (4). A first coal spreading air duct (5) is arranged on the side wall of the ejector (4). The first coal spreading air duct (5) is connected to the air inlet of the ejector (4) and communicates with the annular inner cavity, and is used to receive coal spreading air.
2. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a coal dropping structure (1), which is a cast cylindrical structure and is coaxially arranged with a coal dropping inclined pipe (2). The bottom end of the coal dropping inclined pipe (2) is connected to the top end of the coal dropping structure (1), and the bottom end of the coal dropping structure (1) can be connected to the furnace.
3. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a vibration component (11), the vibration component including a vibration plate (111) and a vibrator (112), the vibration plate (111) is laid along the inner wall of the bottom side tube of the coal dropping inclined tube (2) and is located directly below the outlet end of the ejector (4), the vibration plate (111) is fixedly connected to the coal dropping inclined tube (2) via a connecting rod (113); the mounting end of the vibrator (112) is fixedly connected to a plate surface of the vibration plate (111), the coal dropping inclined tube (2) is provided with a mounting hole, and the wiring end of the vibrator (112) passes through the mounting hole and is located outside the coal dropping inclined tube (2).
4. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coal dropping inclined pipe (2) is provided with a mounting groove (22), the vibration plate (111) is arranged in the mounting groove (22), the other plate surface of the vibration plate (111) coincides with the extension surface of the inner wall surface of the coal dropping inclined pipe (2), and the mounting hole is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove (22).
5. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second coal spreading air duct (7) is provided at the connection between the coal dropping structure (1) and the coal dropping inclined pipe (2); the second coal spreading air duct (7) is connected to the side wall of the coal dropping structure (1) and communicates with the coal dropping structure (1); and its air outlet direction is parallel to the horizontal direction.
6. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a third coal spreading air duct (6), one end of which is connected to the first coal spreading air duct (5), and the other end of which is connected to the side wall of the ejector (4) near the outlet end, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the axial centerline direction of the coal dropping inclined pipe (2), so as to provide obliquely blown coal spreading air and prevent coal blockage.
7. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coal dropping structure (1) is provided with a first clearing pipe (8), which is connected to the side wall of the bottom end of the coal dropping structure (1) and communicated with the coal dropping structure (1), and is used to receive compressed air, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the horizontal direction; a second clearing pipe (9) is provided at the connection between the coal dropping inclined pipe (2) and the ejector (4), and the second clearing pipe (9) is connected to the side wall of the ejector (4) and communicated with the ejector (4), and is used to receive compressed air, and its air outlet direction is parallel to the axial centerline direction of the coal dropping inclined pipe (2).
8. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration plate (111) is made of wear-resistant material.
9. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inspection opening (21) and a cover (10) covering the inspection opening (21) are provided on the side wall of the coal dropping inclined pipe (2); the cover (10) is detachably connected to the coal dropping inclined pipe (2).
10. The anti-blocking boiler coal feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal dropping inclined pipe (2) and the coal dropping straight pipe (3) are circular pipes or rectangular pipes.