Lightweight trunk flow observation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lightweight trunk stem flow observation system which comprises a stem flow collection device, a stem flow detection device and a stem flow return device. The stem flow collection device is communicated with the stem flow detection device through a flow guide pipe; the stem flow detection device adopts a light-weight tipping-bucket rain gauge, and a drain pipe of the light-weight tipping-bucket rain gauge is communicated with the stem flow return device; drain holes are uniformly formed in the bottom of the stem flow return device close to the trunk. On the basis that the stem flow detection device is used for observing the stem flow of the trunk, the collected stem flow can be evenly returned to the base of the trunk through the drainage holes in the stem flow returning device, and the stem flow can be returned close to the nature. Through the lightweight design of a traditional tipping-bucket rain gauge, the volume of the device is reduced, the detection precision of the stem flow is further improved, the cost can be effectively reduced, and the device is convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of forest hydrology, and in particular to a lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background art related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The interception and redistribution of rainfall by forest vegetation is an important part of the water cycle. Intraforest throughfall, canopy interception and stemflow are the three main forms of forest participation in rainfall redistribution. Stemflow refers to rainwater that flows along branches and trunks to the roots and eventually reaches the deep soil in the form of a point source. Although the amount is small, the collection rate and enrichment rate are extremely high, and it is an important factor in promoting the formation and development of the "wet island" and "fertile island" effects under the canopy. The water collected by stemflow can flow along the trunk to the root area, which can change the spatial distribution pattern of soil moisture in the forest on the one hand; on the other hand, accompanied by the leaching of mineral elements on the surface of leaves and branches, the element content in stemflow is several times higher than atmospheric precipitation, which is an important guarantee for plant growth and soil biological life activities. Therefore, stemflow plays a significant role in the water and nutrient cycle of forest ecosystems, and conducting relevant research on stemflow collection and monitoring has important ecohydrological significance.

[0004] In the process of detecting tree trunk stem flow, the inventor discovered the following technical problems:

[0005] (1) Traditional tree stem flow observation facilities often only focus on collecting tree stem flow. For example, patent number CN208270784U proposes a tree stem flow collection and automatic detection device. After the collection is completed, the tree stem flow is not returned to the base of the tree, which seriously affects the soil moisture at the base of the tree and the normal life activities of soil microorganisms, thereby affecting the healthy growth of the tree. Although there are currently tipping buckets that return the observed tree stem flow to the tree, they can only be returned to the base of the tree, and the near-natural return of the tree stem flow cannot be achieved.

[0006] (2) Traditional tipping bucket rain gauges are designed to monitor meteorological data - rainfall. They are mostly made of metal, have complex structures, high equipment costs and are relatively bulky. They are usually placed directly on the land around the base of tree trunks. At the same time, their accuracy is much greater than that of tree trunk stem flow. Therefore, the use of traditional tipping bucket rain gauges to detect tree trunk stem flow has the problem of relatively rough accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims to provide a lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system, including a stem flow collection device, a stem flow detection device and a stem flow return device;

[0008] The stem flow collection device comprises a water collection hose, which is spirally wound around the tree trunk, and the end of the water collection hose is connected to the stem flow detection device;

[0009] The stem flow detection device adopts a lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge, which is fixed on the tree trunk, and the drainage pipe of the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge is connected to the stem flow return device;

[0010] The stem flow return device is arranged around the tree trunk, and drainage holes are evenly arranged at the bottom of the stem flow return device near the tree trunk.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the water collecting hose is provided with a cut along the axial direction, and an edge of one side of the cut is embedded in the bark.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the end of the water collecting hose is connected to a lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge through a PVC guide pipe, and a prefabricated PVC round pipe is also connected between the end of the water collecting hose and the PVC guide pipe.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the internal measuring device of the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge is made of hard plastic material.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge is fixed to the tree trunk using a cable tie.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the stem flow return device includes a silicone strip, a PVC waterproof coil and a breathable bandage.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the silicone strip is tightly attached to the tree trunk in a ring shape through a waterproof coating; the PVC waterproof membrane is wrapped around the outside of the silicone strip; and the breathable bandage is wrapped under the hydrophobic groove.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the height of the PVC waterproof coiled material is 4-8 cm higher than the internal silicone strip.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the drainage hole is located on the silicone strip.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the stem flow return device is also covered with a wire mesh.

[0020] Beneficial effects of one or more of the above technical solutions:

[0021] (1) By setting a drainage trough under the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge, on the basis of completing the detection of tree trunk stem flow, the collected tree trunk stem flow can be evenly returned to the base of the tree trunk through the drainage holes on the stem flow return device, realizing the near-natural return of tree trunk stem flow, which is beneficial to the healthy growth of trees.

[0022] (2) The traditional tipping bucket rain gauge is made of metal, with a complex structure, high equipment cost and is relatively bulky. It is often placed directly on the land around the base of the tree trunk. By designing the tipping bucket rain gauge to be lightweight and using hard plastic as the main material for making the tipping bucket rain gauge, it is not only possible to reduce the size of the device and reduce costs, but also to fix the tipping bucket rain gauge directly on the tree trunk for easy use. At the same time, since the accuracy of the traditional tipping bucket rain gauge is relatively rough, mostly 0.2 or 0.5 mm, the actual tree trunk stem flow is 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than the rainfall. Therefore, using a lightweight design to reduce the size of the device can also improve the detection accuracy of the tree trunk stem flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the present application.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top view of the stem flow return device of the utility model.

[0026] In the figure, 1. water collection hose; 2. PVC round pipe; 3. PVC diversion pipe; 4. lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge; 5. drainage pipe; 6. wire mesh; 7. PVC waterproof membrane; 8. breathable bandage; 9. waterproof coating; 10. drainage hole; 11. silicone strip; 12. drainage groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is combined with Figure 1-2 , describing the specific implementation of this embodiment.

[0028] The present application embodiment provides a lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system, referring to Figure 1A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system includes a stem flow collection device, a stem flow detection device and a stem flow return device. The stem flow collection device is composed of a water collecting hose 1, which is spirally wound on the tree trunk. Different numbers of winding circles can be set according to the specific size of the tree trunk to ensure that the water collecting hose 1 can effectively collect the trunk stem flow. The water collecting hose 1 is provided with an incision along the axial direction, and the edge of one side of the incision is embedded in the bark or fixed to the trunk with plastic nails. The gap between the water collecting hose 1 and the trunk is sealed with sealant to ensure that the trunk stem flow is collected by the water collecting hose, effectively improving the detection accuracy of the device for the trunk stem flow. In addition, the end of the water collecting hose 1 is kept intact (the end of the water collecting hose is not cut) to facilitate connection with the stem flow detection device. The stem flow detection device uses a lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge to detect the stem flow of tree trunks. Specifically, the end of the water collecting hose 1 is connected to the PVC guide pipe 3 through a prefabricated PVC circular pipe 2, and the PVC guide pipe 3 is connected to the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4. The tree trunk stem flow collected by the water collecting hose 1 is transmitted to the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4 through the PVC circular pipe 2 and the PVC guide pipe 3 for stem flow detection.

[0029] The traditional tipping bucket rain gauge is designed for monitoring meteorological data - rainfall, and usually includes a rain receiving port, a water diversion funnel, a tipping bucket, an angle adjustment device, a horizontal adjustment device and a drainage funnel, etc. Its core components, such as the tipping bucket, are all made of metal materials, and its structure is complex, the equipment cost is high and it is relatively bulky. The traditional tipping bucket rain gauge is usually placed directly on the land around the base of the tree trunk for use, and the accuracy is mostly 0.2 or 0.5mm. Since the actual tree trunk stem flow is 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than the rainfall, the tree trunk stem flow generated by light rain is often not detected by the traditional tipping bucket rain gauge, resulting in the problem of relatively rough detection accuracy of the tree trunk stem flow. In this embodiment, the structure of the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4 is similar to that of the traditional tipping bucket rain gauge, and the material has been lightweighted, so that the tipping bucket rain gauge is smaller in size and has higher detection accuracy. Specifically, the shell is made of stainless steel, which has good waterproof and anti-corrosion effects, and is lighter in weight than other metal materials. The water diversion funnel, tipping bucket, drainage funnel and other measuring devices inside the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4 are all made of hard plastic materials. Compared with the traditional tipping bucket rain gauge, the use of hard plastic materials can effectively reduce the weight of the device and reduce costs. The lightweight design effectively reduces the volume of the device, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy of the tree trunk flow, and at the same time, it is not limited to being placed on the ground for use.

[0030] In this embodiment, the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4 is fixed to the tree trunk by a cable tie and connected to the stem flow return device through a drainage pipe 5. After the tree trunk stem flow transmitted by the water collection hose 1 is detected, the tree trunk stem flow is transmitted to the stem flow return device through the drainage pipe 5.

[0031] The stem flow return device is arranged around the tree trunk, and includes a silicone strip 11, a PVC waterproof coil 7, and a breathable bandage 8. The silicone strip 11 is tightly attached to the tree trunk in a ring shape through a waterproof coating 9, and the waterproof coating 9 can make the silicone strip 11 and the tree trunk more tightly connected. The gap between the silicone strip 11 and the tree trunk is also sealed with a sealant; at the same time, a plurality of drainage holes 10 are evenly opened on the silicone strip 11 near the trunk, which can evenly return the stem flow of the tree trunk to the base of the tree, thereby realizing a near-natural return of the stem flow of the tree trunk. A PVC waterproof coil 7 is also wrapped around the outside of the silicone strip 11, and the winding height of the PVC waterproof coil 7 is 4-8 cm higher than the internal silicone strip. Therefore, a hydrophobic groove 12 is formed by the waterproof coil 7 and the silicone strip 11, and the stem flow of the tree trunk is collected and discharged through the hydrophobic groove 12. A breathable bandage 8 is also wrapped under the stem flow return device, and the connection between the stem flow return device and the tree trunk can be ensured to be more firmly connected by wrapping the breathable bandage 8. In order to prevent flying insects and dead branches and leaves from falling into the stem flow return device and thereby blocking the drainage holes, a steel wire mesh 6 is also covered above the stem flow return device.

[0032] The specific working principle of the lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system provided in this embodiment is:

[0033] The water collecting hose 1 is spirally wrapped around the tree trunk, and the stem flow of the tree trunk is transmitted to the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4 through the guide pipe. The lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4 adopts a lightweight design, which effectively reduces the volume of the device, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the stem flow of the tree trunk, and can also effectively reduce the cost and facilitate use. During the detection process, when the amount of water accumulated in the tipping bucket of the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge 4 reaches a certain value, it will lose balance and overturn. Every time the tipping bucket overturns, the switch connects the circuit and transmits a pulse signal to the recorder. The recorder controls the self-recording pen to record the rainfall. This reciprocating process realizes the detection of the stem flow of the tree trunk. The stem flow of the tree trunk after detection is merged into the stem flow return device through the drainage port 10. A plurality of drainage holes 10 are evenly opened on the bottom silicone strip 11 of the stem flow return device near the trunk. The stem flow of the tree trunk is returned to the base of the trunk along the entire circumference of the trunk through the drainage holes 10, which is conducive to the normal growth of the tree.

[0034] Although the above describes the specific implementation methods of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Technical personnel in the relevant field should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, various modifications or deformations that can be made by technical personnel in this field without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system, characterized in that: include: A stem flow collection device, a stem flow detection device and a stem flow return device; The stem flow collection device comprises a water collection hose, which is spirally wound around the tree trunk, and the end of the water collection hose is connected to the stem flow detection device; The stem flow detection device adopts a lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge, which is fixed on the tree trunk, and the drainage pipe of the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge is connected to the stem flow return device; The stem flow return device is arranged around the tree trunk, and drainage holes are evenly arranged at the bottom of the stem flow return device near the tree trunk.

2. A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water collecting hose is provided with a cutout along the axial direction, and an edge of one side of the cutout is embedded in the bark.

3. A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the water collecting hose is communicated with a lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge through a PVC guide pipe, and a prefabricated PVC round pipe is also connected between the end of the water collecting hose and the PVC guide pipe.

4. A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The internal measuring device of the lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge is made of hard plastic material.

5. The lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight tipping bucket rain gauge is fixed to the tree trunk by using a cable tie.

6. A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The stem flow return device comprises a silica gel strip, a PVC waterproof coiled material and a breathable bandage.

7. A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The silica gel strip is tightly attached to the tree trunk in a ring shape through a waterproof coating; the PVC waterproof coiled material is wound around the outside of the silica gel strip; and the breathable bandage is wound under the drainage groove.

8. A lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The height of the PVC waterproof coiled material is 4-8 cm higher than the internal silicone strip.

9. The lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage hole is located on the silica gel strip.

10. The lightweight tree trunk stem flow observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stem flow returning device is also covered with a wire mesh.

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