Self-adaptive variable-stiffness hydro-pneumatic spring assembly structure and vehicle body mounting structure thereof

Abstract

The self-adaptive variable-stiffness hydro-pneumatic spring assembly structure comprises an oil cylinder and further comprises an energy storage mechanism which is connected with the oil cylinder, can be driven by oil of the oil cylinder and stores energy. The energy storage mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of piston type energy accumulators which are arranged in a nested mode inside and outside, the piston type energy accumulator located on the inner layer can be driven by oil liquid, and pistons of the piston type energy accumulators located on the adjacent outer layer do reciprocating motion in the piston type energy accumulators located on the adjacent outer layer. According to the self-adaptive variable stiffness hydro-pneumatic spring assembly, the multi-layer nested piston type energy accumulators are integrated with the oil cylinder to form a hydro-pneumatic spring assembly structure in which the energy accumulators are overlapped, one or more energy accumulator pistons can be driven to act in a self-adaptive mode according to the vehicle body load, and the self-adaptive variable stiffness function of the hydro-pneumatic spring assembly is achieved. The rigidity adjusting range of the suspension system is enlarged, and it is guaranteed that the offset frequency of the suspension system is basically unchanged and the driving comfort of a vehicle is guaranteed. The hydro-pneumatic spring assembly is compact in structure, light in weight, small in required installation space and convenient to install.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle chassis suspension system design, in particular to an adaptive variable-rigidity oil-gas spring assembly structure and a vehicle body mounting structure thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the technical field of vehicle chassis oil-gas suspension system, oil-gas spring is a commonly used shock absorbing device. The structure of conventional oil-gas spring includes: 1. Oil-gas hybrid oil-gas spring assembly, oil and gas are in direct contact, the inflation volume and pressure are fixed, the stiffness value of the oil-gas spring is fixed, and the stiffness of the oil-gas spring needs to be adjusted by adjusting the inflation pressure and inflation volume; 2. Oil-gas separation oil-gas spring assembly, oil and gas are separated by a floating piston equipped with a seal, one side of the piston is oil and the other side is gas, the inflation volume and pressure are fixed, the stiffness value of the oil-gas spring is fixed, and the stiffness of the oil-gas spring also needs to be adjusted by adjusting the inflation pressure and inflation volume.

[0003] The load difference between the oil and gas springs when the vehicle is unloaded and fully loaded is relatively large. The stiffness of the oil and gas springs needs to be changed to adapt to the unloaded and fully loaded loads of the vehicle to ensure the smoothness of the vehicle's ride. However, the stiffness adjustment of the above two types of oil and gas springs needs to be achieved with the help of external resources, which is not very convenient, efficient and applicable.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design and develop an adaptive oil-gas spring assembly whose stiffness can change with the vehicle load. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a compact, light, easy to install oil-gas spring assembly structure with self-adaptation and variable stiffness functions and a vehicle body mounting structure thereof.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure designed by the utility model includes an oil cylinder and an energy storage mechanism connected to the oil cylinder, which can be driven and stored by the oil in the oil cylinder; the energy storage mechanism includes multiple layers of piston accumulators arranged in an inner and outer nested manner, and the piston accumulator located in the inner layer can be driven by oil to reciprocate inside the piston accumulator of the adjacent outer layer as the piston of the piston accumulator of the adjacent outer layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the energy storage mechanism and the oil cylinder are fixedly connected via a hydraulic oil channel and integrated into an integral structure.

[0008] Furthermore, two ends of the hydraulic oil channel are respectively connected to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder and the inner chamber of the outermost piston accumulator of the energy storage mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the piston accumulator includes a large piston accumulator located at the outermost layer and a small piston accumulator located at the innermost layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the large piston accumulator includes a large piston accumulator cylinder barrel, one end of which is connected to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder through the hydraulic oil channel and the other end of which is closed, and an intermediate layer piston accumulator or the small piston accumulator located inside the large piston accumulator cylinder barrel and capable of reciprocating along the axial direction of the large piston accumulator cylinder barrel.

[0011] Furthermore, the middle-layer piston accumulator includes a middle-layer piston accumulator cylinder which is arranged inside the middle-layer piston accumulator of the adjacent outer layer or inside the large piston accumulator, is open at one end close to the hydraulic oil channel, and is closed at one end away from the hydraulic oil channel, and a middle-layer piston accumulator piston or the small piston accumulator is arranged inside the middle-layer piston accumulator cylinder; the middle-layer piston accumulator cylinder can reciprocate inside the middle-layer piston accumulator cylinder of the adjacent outer layer or inside the large piston accumulator cylinder, and the middle-layer piston accumulator piston or the small piston accumulator can reciprocate inside the middle-layer piston accumulator cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the small piston accumulator includes a small piston accumulator cylinder which is open at one end close to the hydraulic oil channel and closed at one end away from the hydraulic oil channel, and a small piston accumulator piston located inside the small piston accumulator cylinder and capable of reciprocating along the axial direction of the small piston accumulator cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the interior of the large piston accumulator cylinder, the interior of the small piston accumulator cylinder and the interior of the middle layer piston accumulator cylinder are all filled with gas, and the internal gas pressure of the inner layer piston accumulator cylinder is greater than or less than the internal gas pressure of the adjacent outer layer piston accumulator cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the vehicle body mounting structure of the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure described above includes a suspension and a frame, and the oil cylinder of the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure is fixedly connected between the suspension and the frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the oil cylinder is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model integrates a multi-layer nested piston accumulator with an oil cylinder to form a gas-oil spring assembly structure in which multiple accumulators are superimposed on each other, and can adaptively drive the piston action of one or more accumulators according to the vehicle body load to realize the adaptive variable stiffness function of the gas-oil spring assembly. The stiffness adjustment range of the suspension system is increased, ensuring that the bias frequency of the suspension system remains basically unchanged and the comfort of vehicle driving. The gas-oil spring assembly has a compact structure, light weight, small installation space and is easy to install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is an axial cross-sectional view of the oil-gas spring assembly structure of the piston accumulator without an intermediate layer in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of the vehicle body installation structure of the oil and gas spring assembly structure in the utility model;

[0019] Among them, 1—cylinder, 2—hydraulic oil channel, 3—large piston accumulator, 4—small piston accumulator, 5—large piston accumulator cylinder, 6—small piston accumulator cylinder, 7—small piston accumulator piston, 8—suspension, 9—frame, 10—high-pressure nitrogen, 11—low-pressure nitrogen, 12—cylinder piston rod, 13—cylinder piston, 14—end cover, 15—cylinder housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0021] Definition of noun:

[0022] Energy storage mechanism: Figure 1As shown, it includes multiple layers of piston accumulators arranged in an inner and outer nested manner, each layer of the piston accumulator includes an accumulator cylinder and an accumulator piston, the accumulator piston of the outer layer is replaced by the piston accumulator of its adjacent inner layer, forming a linkage structure of the multiple layers of piston accumulators, and gas is filled in the accumulator cylinder of each layer, and the gas pressure gradually decreases or increases from the inner layer to the outer layer. When the cylinder piston 13 of the cylinder 1 moves up and down with the load of the vehicle body, the hydraulic oil can be input into the multiple layers of the piston accumulators arranged in an inner and outer nested manner through the hydraulic oil channel 2, and according to the input amount of the hydraulic oil, the piston of one or more piston accumulators is driven to move, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the stiffness of the energy storage mechanism.

[0023] The rodless chamber of cylinder 1: Figure 2 As shown, the space between the cylinder piston 13 and the left inner end surface of the cylinder housing 15 stores hydraulic oil. When the cylinder piston rod 12 drives the cylinder piston 13 to move back and forth in the cylinder housing 15, the hydraulic oil can be introduced into the energy storage mechanism through the hydraulic oil channel 2, or the oil in the energy storage mechanism can be introduced into the rodless chamber of the cylinder 1 through the hydraulic oil channel 2 to release the energy of the energy storage mechanism.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure designed by the present invention includes an oil cylinder 1 and an energy storage mechanism fixedly connected to the oil cylinder 1 through a hydraulic oil channel 2, integrated into an integrated structure, and can be driven and stored by the oil of the oil cylinder 1. The energy storage mechanism includes a large piston accumulator 3 located at the outermost layer and a small piston accumulator 4 located at the innermost layer. The small piston accumulator 4 can be driven by oil and reciprocate inside the large piston accumulator 3 as a piston of the large piston accumulator 3. The two ends of the hydraulic oil channel 2 are respectively connected to the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 1 and the inner cavity of the large piston accumulator 3. The large piston accumulator 3 includes a large piston accumulator cylinder 5, and the two ends of the large piston accumulator cylinder 5 are equipped with cylinder covers, one end of the cylinder cover is connected to the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 1 through the hydraulic oil channel 2, and the other end is closed. The small piston accumulator 4 includes a small piston accumulator cylinder 6 with one end close to the hydraulic oil passage 2 open and one end away from the hydraulic oil passage 2 closed (closed by an end cover 14), and a small piston accumulator piston 7 located inside the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 and reciprocating along the axial direction of the small piston accumulator cylinder 6, and a seal is provided on the surface of the small piston accumulator piston 7 in contact with the small piston accumulator cylinder 6. A seal is provided on the surface of the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 in contact with the large piston accumulator cylinder 5, and the small piston accumulator 4 composed of the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 and the small piston accumulator piston 7 can act as a piston of the large piston accumulator 3 and reciprocate in the large piston accumulator cylinder 5. The space enclosed by the right end face of the small piston accumulator 4 and the right inner surface of the large piston accumulator cylinder 5 is filled with low-pressure nitrogen 11, the left end face of the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 and the left inner surface of the large piston accumulator cylinder 5 form an oil storage space of the large piston accumulator, which is used to store the oil entering the large piston accumulator cylinder 5 from the oil cylinder 1, and the space enclosed by the right end face of the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 and the right inner surface of the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen 10.

[0026] Embodiment 2:

[0027] Another adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure of the utility model has an overall structure that is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the piston accumulator also includes an intermediate layer piston accumulator, which includes an intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder (which has the same structure as the small piston accumulator cylinder 6) arranged inside the large piston accumulator 3, with one end close to the hydraulic oil channel 2 open and one end away from the hydraulic oil channel 2 closed, and a small piston accumulator 4 arranged inside the intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder; the intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder can reciprocate inside the large piston accumulator cylinder 5, and a seal is provided on the contact surface between the intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder and the large piston accumulator cylinder 5. The small piston accumulator 4 can act as the piston of the middle piston accumulator and reciprocate inside the middle piston accumulator cylinder. The middle piston accumulator cylinder and the small piston accumulator 4 can act as the piston of the large piston accumulator 3 and reciprocate inside the large piston accumulator cylinder 5. The space enclosed by the right end surface of the small piston accumulator 4 and the right inner surface of the middle piston accumulator cylinder is filled with nitrogen. The internal gas pressure (high-pressure nitrogen 10) of the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 is greater than the internal gas pressure of the middle piston accumulator cylinder. The internal gas pressure of the middle piston accumulator cylinder is greater than the internal gas pressure (low-pressure nitrogen 11) of the large piston accumulator cylinder 5.

[0028] Embodiment three:

[0029] Another adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure of the utility model has an overall structure that is basically the same as that of the second embodiment, except that the piston accumulator includes a plurality of coaxially nested intermediate-layer piston accumulators, and the plurality of coaxially nested intermediate-layer piston accumulators include a plurality of coaxially nested intermediate-layer piston accumulator cylinders that are arranged inside the large piston accumulator 3, are open at one end close to the hydraulic oil channel 2, and are closed at one end away from the hydraulic oil channel 2, and a small piston accumulator 4 is coaxially arranged inside the innermost intermediate-layer piston accumulator cylinder. Multiple intermediate piston accumulator cylinders can all reciprocate inside the large piston accumulator cylinder 5. The whole formed by multiple intermediate piston accumulator cylinders and the small piston accumulator 4 can act as the piston of the large piston accumulator 3 to reciprocate inside the large piston accumulator cylinder 5. The intermediate piston accumulator cylinder located in the inner layer and the small piston accumulator 4 can act as the piston of the intermediate piston accumulator cylinder of the adjacent outer layer to reciprocate inside the intermediate piston accumulator cylinder of the adjacent outer layer. The small piston accumulator 4 can act as the piston to reciprocate inside the innermost intermediate piston accumulator cylinder. The large piston accumulator cylinder 5, the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 and the multiple intermediate piston accumulator cylinders are all filled with gas, and the internal gas pressure of the piston accumulator cylinder located in the inner layer is greater than the internal gas pressure of the piston accumulator cylinder of the adjacent outer layer.

[0030] Figure 2 The vehicle body mounting structure of the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure designed in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown, including a suspension 8 and a frame 9, and the oil cylinder 1 of the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure is fixedly connected between the suspension 8 and the frame 9. The oil cylinder 1 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the frame 9. The vehicle body mounting structure of the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure designed in the second and third embodiments is Figure 2 The same, only the internal structure of the energy storage mechanism is different.

[0031] The following specifically describes the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure designed in the first embodiment and the vehicle body mounting structure designed based on the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure of the first embodiment:

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, during the assembly process of the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure designed in the first embodiment, the small piston accumulator 4 is assembled first, and the small piston accumulator cylinder 6 is filled with high-pressure nitrogen 10, and then the small piston accumulator 4 is placed as a whole in the large piston accumulator cylinder 5 to act as the piston of the large piston accumulator 3, and then the entire large piston accumulator 3 is connected to the rodless chamber of the cylinder 1 through the hydraulic oil channel 2, and finally the large piston accumulator 3 is filled with low-pressure nitrogen 11. Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the cylinder housing 15 is fixed on the suspension 8, and the top of the cylinder piston 13 is fixed on the frame 9. The utility model is described using a double wishbone suspension as an embodiment, and the bottom of the cylinder housing 15 is fixed on the lower cross arm of the double wishbone suspension.

[0033] When the load borne by the oil-gas spring assembly is low, the required stiffness of the oil-gas spring assembly is relatively small. When the uneven road surface excites the hydraulic oil pressure in the oil-gas spring assembly to be greater than the charging pressure of the large piston accumulator 3 but less than the charging pressure of the small piston accumulator 4, the small piston accumulator cylinder 6, the small piston accumulator piston 7 and the end cover 14 form a rigid whole, and the piston of the large piston accumulator 3 reciprocates in the large piston accumulator cylinder 5, thereby alleviating the impact of the uneven road surface on the vehicle and ensuring the comfort of the vehicle.

[0034] When the load borne by the oil-gas spring assembly is large, and the excitation of the uneven road surface causes the hydraulic oil pressure in the oil-gas spring assembly to be greater than the charging pressure of the small piston accumulator 4, the small piston accumulator cylinder 6, the small piston accumulator piston 7 and the end cover 14 form a whole, and the piston of the large piston accumulator 3 reciprocates in the large piston accumulator cylinder 5. At the same time, the small piston accumulator piston 7 also reciprocates in the small piston accumulator cylinder 6. The two large and small piston accumulators work at the same time, which increases the stiffness of the suspension system, alleviates the impact of uneven roads on the vehicle, and ensures the comfort of the vehicle.

[0035] In summary, the utility model integrates a multi-layer nested piston accumulator with the oil cylinder 1 to form a gas-oil spring assembly structure with multiple accumulators superimposed on each other. The piston action of one or more accumulators can be adaptively driven according to the vehicle body load to realize the adaptive variable stiffness function of the gas-oil spring assembly. The stiffness of the suspension system is increased, ensuring that the bias frequency of the suspension system remains basically unchanged and the comfort of the vehicle driving. The gas-oil spring assembly has a compact structure, light weight, small installation space and is easy to install.

[0036] Here, it should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification can be embodied in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. On the contrary, providing these descriptions will make the disclosure of the utility model thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope disclosed in this specification to those skilled in the art. In addition, the technical solution of the utility model is limited only by the scope of the claims. In the case of using "including", "having" and "comprising" described in this specification, there may also be another part or other parts, and the terms used may generally be singular but may also represent plural forms. Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only more representative examples of the utility model. Obviously, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and there may be many variations. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the utility model shall be deemed to belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure, comprising an oil cylinder (1), characterized in that: It also includes an energy storage mechanism connected to the oil cylinder (1) and capable of being driven and storing energy by the oil in the oil cylinder (1); the energy storage mechanism includes multiple layers of piston accumulators arranged in an inner and outer nested manner, wherein the piston accumulator in the inner layer can be driven by oil and the piston of the piston accumulator in the adjacent outer layer can reciprocate inside the piston accumulator in the adjacent outer layer.

2. The adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage mechanism and the oil cylinder (1) are fixedly connected via a hydraulic oil channel (2) and integrated into an integrated structure.

3. The adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the hydraulic oil channel (2) are respectively connected to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder (1) and the inner chamber of the outermost piston accumulator of the energy storage mechanism.

4. The adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The piston accumulator comprises a large piston accumulator (3) located at the outermost layer and a small piston accumulator (4) located at the innermost layer.

5. The adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The large piston accumulator (3) comprises a large piston accumulator cylinder (5) whose one end is connected to the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder (1) through the hydraulic oil channel (2) and whose other end is closed, and an intermediate layer piston accumulator or the small piston accumulator (4) located inside the large piston accumulator cylinder (5) and capable of reciprocating along the axial direction of the large piston accumulator cylinder (5).

6. The adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intermediate layer piston accumulator comprises an intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder which is arranged inside the intermediate layer piston accumulator of the adjacent outer layer or inside the large piston accumulator (3), has an open end close to the hydraulic oil passage (2) and a closed end away from the hydraulic oil passage (2), and an intermediate layer piston accumulator piston or the small piston accumulator (4) which is arranged inside the intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder; The intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder can reciprocate inside the intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder of the adjacent outer layer or inside the large piston accumulator cylinder (5), and the intermediate layer piston accumulator piston or the small piston accumulator (4) can reciprocate inside the intermediate layer piston accumulator cylinder.

7. The adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The small piston accumulator (4) comprises a small piston accumulator cylinder (6) which is open at one end close to the hydraulic oil passage (2) and closed at one end away from the hydraulic oil passage (2), and a small piston accumulator piston (7) located inside the small piston accumulator cylinder (6) and capable of reciprocating along the axial direction of the small piston accumulator cylinder (6).

8. The adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interior of the large piston accumulator cylinder (5), the interior of the small piston accumulator cylinder (6) and the interior of the intermediate piston accumulator cylinder are all filled with gas, and the internal gas pressure of the inner piston accumulator cylinder is greater than or less than the internal gas pressure of the adjacent outer piston accumulator cylinder.

9. A vehicle body mounting structure of an adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a suspension (8) and a vehicle frame (9), characterized in that: The oil cylinder (1) of the adaptive variable-rigidity oil-gas spring assembly structure is fixedly connected between the suspension (8) and the vehicle frame (9).

10. The vehicle body mounting structure of the adaptive variable stiffness oil-gas spring assembly structure as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The oil cylinder (1) is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle frame (9).

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