Household comprehensive energy supply system taking adsorption type natural gas as raw material

Abstract

The utility model relates to a household comprehensive energy supply system taking adsorption type natural gas as a raw material. The household comprehensive energy supply system comprises an adsorption type natural gas storage tank, a heat regenerator, an electric heater, a methane cracking furnace, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower, a fuel cell, a solar photovoltaic panel and an energy storage battery. Adsorption type natural gas is adopted as a raw material, high-purity hydrogen needed by the fuel cell is obtained in a methane pyrolysis and pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction mode, the hydrogen can be directly used as household fuel, the fuel cell provides electric power and heat outwards, the heat is used for producing high-temperature hot water, and a carbon nano tube product with high additional value is generated after methane pyrolysis. The system has the advantages of low carbon emission, high safety coefficient and high economic benefit, and can effectively solve the problems of high carbon emission, low safety coefficient and poor economic benefit faced by the development of the household comprehensive energy supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of new energy technology, and in particular, relates to a household integrated energy supply system using adsorbed natural gas as raw material. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the improvement of environmental protection awareness, the efficient use and diversified supply of energy have become a topic of increasing concern. As a new type of energy supply method, the household integrated energy supply system can not only improve energy utilization efficiency, but also effectively reduce household energy consumption costs, while helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, with significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0003] At present, the household integrated energy supply system mainly uses high-pressure hydrogen as raw material to provide electricity and heat through fuel cells. Although it has the advantage of zero carbon, it has major safety risks due to high-pressure hydrogen. In addition, there is also the use of natural gas as raw material to produce hydrogen through steam catalysis. Although this technical route solves the safety risks of hydrogen storage, it has the problem of CO2 emissions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: to solve the problems faced by the development of household comprehensive energy supply systems in the prior art, such as high carbon emissions, low safety factor and poor economic benefits, and thus to provide a household comprehensive energy supply system using adsorbed natural gas as raw material.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a household comprehensive energy supply system using adsorption natural gas as raw material, including an adsorption natural gas storage tank, a pneumatic control valve, a regenerator, an electric heater, a methane cracking furnace, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower, a fuel cell, a solar photovoltaic panel, and an energy storage battery, which are located on the same pipeline and arranged in sequence. The adsorption natural gas storage tank contains a methane adsorbent, and the high-purity methane gas in the adsorption natural gas storage tank is released, first preheated by the regenerator, and then heated to 600°C by the electric heater before entering the methane cracking furnace. The high-temperature methane gas is cracked into carbon atoms and hydrogen molecules under the action of the cracking catalyst, and the carbon atoms are deposited and grown on the surface of the catalyst to form carbon nanotubes. The cracked hydrogen and methane gas pass through the regenerator to transfer the residual heat to the methane gas, and then enter the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower to separate the hydrogen and methane gas. The separated methane gas is transported to the regenerator for heat recovery and then enters the methane cracking furnace again. After purification, part of the hydrogen enters the fuel cell, which generates electricity and heat. The heat is converted into hot water output, and the excess electricity is sent to the energy storage battery for storage. The other part enters the stove and is used as fuel. The green electricity generated by the solar photovoltaic panel is sent to the electric heater to heat the methane gas, and the excess electricity is sent to the energy storage battery for storage.

[0006] Furthermore, the decomposition furnace adopts a vertical structure, and the cracking catalyst is a micron-sized powdered iron-nickel catalyst.

[0007] Furthermore, the fuel cell uses high-purity hydrogen as fuel to generate electricity and heat, and the heat is used to produce high-temperature hot water.

[0008] Furthermore, the adsorption-type natural gas storage tank stores methane gas through the adsorption of the methane adsorbent in the tank. The adsorption pressure of the tank is 5.0 MPa, and the standard methane reserves are 150 times the water volume of the tank.

[0009] Furthermore, after the catalytic cracking reaction in the methane cracking furnace is completed, it is replaced by nitrogen, and the replaced waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere. After the replacement is qualified, the catalyst and carbon nanotubes are discharged as a whole through the discharge port. The new cracking catalyst is loaded into the methane cracking furnace through the filling port, and the air inside is replaced by nitrogen.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0011] Adsorbed natural gas is used as raw material, and high-purity hydrogen required by fuel cells is obtained through high-temperature cracking of methane and pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction. Hydrogen can be directly used as household fuel. Fuel cells provide electricity and heat to the outside, and heat is converted into hot water output. After methane cracking, high-value-added carbon nanotube products are generated. Therefore, the utility model product has the advantages of low carbon emissions, high safety factor, and high economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The technical solution of the present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] The reference numerals in the figure are:

[0015] 01. Adsorption-type natural gas storage tank; 02. Pneumatic control valve; 03. Regenerator; 04. Electric heater; 05. Methane cracking furnace; 06. Pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower; 07. Fuel cell; 08. Solar photovoltaic panel; 09. Energy storage battery; 10. Electricity; 11. Hot water; 12. Hydrogen fuel; 13. Carbon nanotubes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.

[0017] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0019] The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. Example

[0020] The present embodiment provides a household integrated energy supply system using adsorption natural gas as raw material, including an adsorption natural gas storage tank 01, a pneumatic control valve 02, a regenerator 03, an electric heater 04, a methane cracking furnace 05, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower 06, a fuel cell 07, a solar photovoltaic panel 08, and an energy storage battery 09, which are located on the same pipeline and arranged in a reaction order.

[0021] Adsorption type natural gas storage tank 01 stores methane gas through the adsorption of methane adsorbent in the tank. The adsorption pressure of the tank is 5.0MPa, and the standard methane storage capacity is 150 times the water volume of the tank.

[0022] Methane cracking furnace 05 adopts a vertical structure. The cracking catalyst is a micron-sized powdered iron-nickel catalyst. Methane gas is decomposed into carbon atoms and hydrogen molecules under the catalytic action of the cracking catalyst. The carbon atoms are deposited on the surface of the catalyst and generate carbon nanotubes.

[0023] The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower 06 separates the hydrogen and methane after methane cracking by using the adsorption and analysis principles to obtain high-purity hydrogen. The separated methane gas is returned to the methane cracking furnace 05 for cracking.

[0024] The fuel cell 07 uses high-purity hydrogen as fuel to generate electricity 10 and heat, and the heat is used to produce high-temperature hot water 11.

[0025] The solar photovoltaic panel 08 generates electricity 10 to supply the electric heater 04 .

[0026] The energy storage battery 09 stores the excess electricity 10 of the fuel cell 07 and the solar photovoltaic panel 08 .

[0027] In a feasible implementation scheme of the utility model, the high-purity methane gas in the adsorption natural gas storage tank 01 is released after the pneumatic control valve 02 is opened, firstly preheated by the regenerator 03, and then the methane gas is heated to 600°C by the electric heater 04 before entering the methane cracking furnace 05.

[0028] The high-temperature methane gas is cracked into carbon atoms and hydrogen molecules under the action of the cracking catalyst. The carbon atoms are deposited on the catalyst surface and grow into carbon nanotubes. The cracked hydrogen and methane gases pass through the regenerator 03 to transfer the waste heat to the methane gas, and then enter the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower 06 to separate the hydrogen and methane gases. The separated methane gas is transported to the front of the regenerator 03 for heat recovery, and then enters the methane cracking furnace 05 again.

[0029] A portion of the purified hydrogen enters the fuel cell 07 , which generates electricity 10 and heat. The heat is converted into hot water 11 for output, and the excess electricity 10 is transmitted to the energy storage battery 09 for storage. Another portion enters the stove and is used as hydrogen fuel 12 .

[0030] The green electricity generated by the solar photovoltaic panel 08 is transmitted to the electric heater 04 to heat the methane gas, and the excess electricity 10 is transmitted to the energy storage battery 09 for storage.

[0031] After the catalytic cracking reaction in the methane cracking furnace 05 is completed, it is replaced by nitrogen, and the replaced waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere. After the replacement is qualified, the catalyst and carbon nanotubes 13 are discharged as a whole through the discharge port. The new cracking catalyst is loaded into the methane cracking furnace 05 through the filling port, and the air inside is replaced by nitrogen.

[0032] The utility model product uses adsorbed natural gas as raw material, obtains high-purity hydrogen required for fuel cells by high-temperature cracking of methane and hydrogen extraction by pressure swing adsorption. Hydrogen can be directly used as household fuel. The fuel cell provides electricity and heat to the outside. After methane cracking, high-value-added carbon nanotube products are generated.

[0033] The system has the advantages of low carbon emissions, high safety factor and high economic benefits. It can effectively solve the problems of high carbon emissions, low safety factor and poor economic benefits faced by the development of household integrated energy supply systems. Therefore, it has great promoting significance for carbon emission reduction, economy and safety improvement of household integrated energy supply systems.

[0034] Based on the above ideal embodiments of this application, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this application through the above description. The technical scope of this application is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A household integrated energy supply system using adsorbed natural gas as raw material, characterized in that: The invention comprises an adsorption type natural gas storage tank, a pneumatic control valve, a regenerator, an electric heater, a methane cracking furnace, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen extraction tower and a fuel cell, a solar photovoltaic panel and an energy storage battery, which are located on the same pipeline and arranged in a reaction order. The adsorption type natural gas storage tank contains a methane adsorbent. The natural gas released by the adsorption type natural gas storage tank is preheated by the regenerator, and then heated by the electric heater before entering the methane cracking furnace for cracking. The high-temperature methane gas is cracked into carbon atoms and hydrogen molecules under the action of the cracking catalyst. The carbon atoms are deposited on the surface of the catalyst and grow into carbon nanotubes. The remaining hydrogen and methane gas pass through the regenerator to transfer the waste heat to the methane gas, and then enter the methane cracking furnace. The hydrogen and methane gases are separated by a pressure swing adsorption tower. The hydrogen and methane gases after cracking pass through a regenerator to transfer waste heat to the methane gas, and then enter a pressure swing adsorption tower for separation of hydrogen and methane gases. The separated methane gas is transported to the regenerator, and then enters the methane cracking furnace again for purification. A portion of the purified hydrogen enters the fuel cell to generate electricity and heat, and the heat is converted into hot water output. The excess electricity is transported to the energy storage battery for storage, and the other portion is used as hydrogen fuel. The solar photovoltaic panel generates electricity and is transported to the electric heater to heat the methane gas, and the excess electricity is transported to the energy storage battery for storage.

2. A household integrated energy supply system using adsorbed natural gas as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methane cracking furnace adopts a vertical structure, and the cracking catalyst is a micron-sized powdered iron-nickel catalyst.

3. A household integrated energy supply system using adsorbed natural gas as raw material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fuel cell uses high-purity hydrogen as fuel to generate electricity and heat, and the heat is used to produce high-temperature hot water.

4. A household integrated energy supply system using adsorbed natural gas as raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adsorption-type natural gas storage tank stores methane gas by adsorbing the methane adsorbent in the storage tank. The adsorption pressure of the storage tank is 5.0 MPa, and the standard methane storage capacity is 150 times the water volume of the storage tank.

5. The household integrated energy supply system using adsorbed natural gas as raw material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The catalyst and carbon nanotubes are discharged from the methane cracking furnace through the discharge port. After the catalytic cracking reaction in the methane cracking furnace is completed, the methane is replaced by nitrogen, and the replaced waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere.

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