Forest seedling-raising sunlight greenhouse with internal sunshade system

Abstract

A forest seedling-raising sunlight greenhouse with an internal sunshade system relates to the field of sunlight greenhouses and comprises a greenhouse body and the sunshade system arranged in the greenhouse body, the greenhouse body is provided with an arc-shaped lighting surface and a heat preservation shed surface, and the sunshade system is provided with a sunshade net capable of shielding sunlight rays incident from the arc-shaped lighting surface. The inner space of the greenhouse body can be divided into a transition area and a protection area by spreading the sunshade net, an air exchange mechanism or an air exchange facility is arranged on the portion, in the transition area, of the heat preservation greenhouse face, and the air exchange mechanism or the air exchange facility is used for controlling excessive rising of the air temperature in the transition area directly irradiated by sunlight, reducing the temperature gradient between the transition area and the protection area and improving the protection effect. The sun-shading and cooling system has the advantages that the sun-shading and cooling efficiency of the sun-shading and cooling greenhouse can be improved when the sun-shading and cooling system is applied to the production of the forest seedlings, the sun-shading and cooling effects can be guaranteed, and the existing technical problems can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solar greenhouses, and particularly relates to a forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse with an internal shading system. Background Art

[0002] The forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse is an important production facility for the industrialized breeding of forest seedlings. By artificially regulating environmental factors, an environment suitable for the growth and development of seedlings can be created. Since the forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse is usually in a closed state during application, when the solar radiation is strong during the day in summer and autumn, the internal temperature often becomes too high, sometimes even reaching 40°C to 50°C, which greatly exceeds the normal growth adaptation range of forest seedlings, especially tissue culture seedlings that have just left the test tube environment not long ago. Moreover, long-term direct sunlight is extremely likely to burn the seedlings and even cause death. Therefore, a sunlight shielding facility generally needs to be specially installed in the forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse to reduce the incident sunlight flux, weaken the sunlight irradiation intensity, and prevent the temperature in the greenhouse from rising excessively. The utility model patent with the publication number of CN221355147U discloses "an internal shading system for a forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse", which can effectively shield the incident sunlight when used in conjunction with the forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse. However, since there is a spatial transition area with direct sunlight between the shading net and the lighting surface in the shielding state, the heat generated by the shading net and related structural facilities irradiated by strong light is directly radiated and transmitted into this area, causing heat accumulation and temperature rise in this area. Then, the air between the transition area with a higher temperature and the production area shielded by the shading net can transfer heat to the production area through air convection exchange, resulting in a significant increase in the air temperature in the production area, offsetting the shading and cooling effect of the shading net. The longer the sunlight irradiation time and the more sufficient the spatial convection, the more prominent this adverse effect becomes, making it difficult to fully exert the shielding and cooling function of the existing shading system in actual production. Therefore, it is necessary to research and improve the forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse and its supporting internal shading system, optimize the greenhouse structure, improve the shading system, enhance the cooling effect, and meet the production requirements of forest seedling raising. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse with an internal shading system, optimize the greenhouse structure, improve the shading system, and enhance the shading and cooling efficiency and effect of the forest seedling-raising solar greenhouse.

[0004] A solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling raising with an internal sunshade system, comprising: a greenhouse main body and a sunshade system installed inside the greenhouse main body. The greenhouse main body has a laterally arranged arc-shaped light-receiving surface. The sunshade system has a sunshade net that can be controlled to roll up or spread out. When the sunshade net is spread out, it can block the sunlight incident from the arc-shaped light-receiving surface, and at the same time divide the internal space of the greenhouse main body into two relatively isolated upper and lower areas. The upper part of the sunshade net is a transition area, which is directly irradiated by sunlight and usually has a relatively high air temperature. The lower part of the sunshade net is a protection area, which is shaded and protected by the sunshade net and usually has a relatively low air temperature. A ventilation mechanism or ventilation facilities are arranged on the heat preservation shed surface in the transition area. By using the ventilation mechanism or the ventilation facilities, the transition area can be convectively exchanged with the outside of the greenhouse main body to transfer heat and reduce the excessively high air temperature in the transition area, and reduce the adverse impact on the shading and cooling effect of the protection area that may be caused by air convection between the transition area and the protection area.

[0005] For the above-mentioned solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling raising with an internal sunshade system, preferably, the ventilation mechanism is a ventilation window that can be opened and closed on the heat preservation shed surface. Opening the ventilation window can enable natural convective exchange of air between the transition area and the outside of the greenhouse main body, and reduce the air temperature in the transition area.

[0006] For the above-mentioned solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling raising with an internal sunshade system, preferably, the ventilation facilities are ventilation fans that can be controlled to start on the heat preservation shed surface. Starting the ventilation fans can enable forced convective exchange of air between the transition area and the outside of the greenhouse main body, and reduce the air temperature in the transition area.

[0007] The described solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation with an internal sunshade system preferably has the sunshade system specifically including: the sunshade net, traction ropes, drive motor, worm gear reducer, power shaft, winding roller, pull rod, rope tensioner, and fixed pulleys; the winding roller is horizontally arranged longitudinally in the solar greenhouse and installed on one side of the heat preservation shed surface in the greenhouse main body, with both ends supported by corresponding roller seats, enabling the winding roller to freely rotate in the circumferential direction. The area between the two roller seats of the winding roller is the winding area for the sunshade net, and the two ends of the head respectively extend out of the roller seats to form a transmission area; the power shaft is arranged parallel and corresponding to the winding roller, and the drive motor and the worm gear reducer that are connected and matched with each other are arranged corresponding to the power shaft. One end of the power shaft is power-connected to the power output shaft of the worm gear reducer, and the other end is supported by a shaft seat, enabling the power shaft to be driven to rotate by the drive motor. Two fixed pulleys are installed on one side of the arc-shaped light-gathering surface in the greenhouse main body, and the installation positions are respectively corresponding to the transmission areas at both ends of the winding roller; the traction ropes are closed annular rope sleeves, and the two traction ropes respectively pass around the fixed pulleys and are respectively wound on the transmission areas at the corresponding ends of the winding roller and the corresponding areas of the power shaft. At the same time, a rope tensioner is installed on the closed loop of the traction rope to tighten the traction rope for the loop cooperation of the fixed pulley, the winding roller, and the power shaft, so that the rotation of the power shaft can drive the linear transmission of the traction rope and the circumferential rotation of the winding roller; the sunshade net is wound around the winding roller, and a pull rod is connected to the end of the sunshade net at the end where it unfolds from the winding roller. The pull rod is arranged parallel to the winding roller, with a length greater than the width distance between the two traction ropes, and is carried on the traction rope in the section between the winding roller and the fixed pulley and is respectively connected to the two traction ropes correspondingly, so that the traction rope can support and pull the pull rod to move together during the transmission process, and the movement of the pull rod can pull the sunshade net released from the winding roller to unfold and block the sunlight incident from the arc-shaped light-gathering surface.

[0008] In the described solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation with an internal sunshade system, preferably, a supporting wire is arranged in the sunshade net unfolding area between the two traction ropes. The supporting wire is coplanarly arranged with the two traction ropes in the section between the winding roller and the fixed pulley to support the sunshade net unfolded in the unfolding area, prevent the sunshade net from sagging, ensure that the sunshade net unfolds flatly, and achieve the expected shading and cooling effect.

[0009] For the solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation with an internal sunshade system, preferably a transparent film is laminated on the backlight side of the sunshade net to block the air convection channel through the sunshade net surface between the transition area and the production area, reduce the heat exchange tendency between the transition area and the production area, and improve the shading and cooling effect on the protection area.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: A solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation with an internal sunshade system is provided. In view of the structural principle of the sunshade system of the supporting equipment for the solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation, the greenhouse structure is optimized. A ventilation mechanism and ventilation facilities are arranged in the transition area formed by spreading and separating the sunshade net in the greenhouse main body, so that the transition area directly irradiated by sunlight can conduct natural or forced convection of air with the external environment of the greenhouse main body, control the excessive increase of the air temperature in the transition area, reduce the temperature gradient difference between the transition area and the protection area shielded by the sunshade net, and avoid the heat transfer from the transition area to the protection area through air convection between the transition area and the protection area, resulting in the rise and increase of the air temperature in the protection area, offsetting the function of the sunshade system for shading and cooling and affecting the shading and cooling effect. At the same time, the sunshade system is improved by laminating a transparent film on the sunshade net to block the convection and diffusion channel of the sunshade net itself and reduce the heat transfer tendency between the transition area and the protection area. When applied to forest tree seedling production, it can effectively improve the sunshading and cooling efficiency of the solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation, ensure the sunshading and cooling effect, and solve the problems of the existing technology. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation with an internal sunshade system.

[0012] Figure 2 For Figure 1 The partial enlarged view of part Ⅰ in

[0013] Figure 3 It is a longitudinal-sectional structure diagram of a solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation with an internal sunshade system.

[0014] Wherein: 1 is the sunshade net, 2 is the towing rope, 3 is the driving motor, 4 is the worm gear reducer, 5 is the power shaft, 6 is the winding roller, 7 is the towing rod, 8 is the rope tensioner, 9 is the fixed pulley, 10 is the greenhouse main body, 11 is the arc-shaped light-collecting surface, 12 is the heat-insulating shed surface, 13 is the roller seat, 14 is the shaft seat, 15 is the supporting wire, 16 is the connecting column, 17 is the support frame, 18 is the positioning rod, 19 is the ventilation fan, 20 is the structural frame, 21 is the transition area, 22 is the protection area, 23 is the ventilation window. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment

[0015] Furthermore, in combination with specific embodiments and their accompanying drawings, the technical solutions claimed in the present utility model are described in detail.

[0016] A solar greenhouse for forest tree seedling cultivation with an internal shading system, such as Figures 1 to 3 shown, comprising a greenhouse main body 10 and a shading system. The greenhouse main body 10 is supported by a structural frame 20 and has an arc-shaped light-collecting surface 11 and a heat-insulating shed surface 12. The shading system is arranged inside the greenhouse main body 10 and is composed of a sunshade net 1, a towing rope 2, a driving motor 3, a worm gear reducer 4, a power shaft 5, a winding roller 6, a towing rod 7, a rope tensioner 8, a fixed pulley 9 and a supporting wire 15.

[0017] The winding roller 6, the power shaft 5, the driving motor 3, the worm gear reducer 4 and the fixed pulley 9 are connected and installed on the structural frame 20 of the greenhouse main body 10. The winding roller 6, the power shaft 5, the driving motor 3 and the worm gear reducer 4 are correspondingly arranged on one side of the heat preservation shed surface 12 in the greenhouse main body 10. Among them, the winding roller 6 is supported by a support frame 17 and arranged above the power shaft 5, the driving motor 3 and the worm gear reducer 4. The fixed pulley 9 is correspondingly arranged on one side of the arc-shaped lighting surface 11 of the greenhouse main body 10. The two ends of the winding roller 6 are supported by roller seats 13 in an axial fit manner. The area between the two roller seats 13 of the winding roller 6 is the winding area for winding the sunshade net 1, and the two end heads extend out of the roller seats 13 to form a transmission area for receiving the rotational torque. The driving motor 3 and the worm gear reducer 4 are mutually cooperated and connected and are correspondingly arranged with the power shaft 5. One end of the power shaft 5 is connected to the power output shaft of the worm gear reducer 4, and the other end is supported by a shaft seat 14 in an axial fit manner. The two fixed pulleys 9 are respectively arranged corresponding to the transmission areas at both ends of the winding roller 6. The towing rope 2 is a closed-loop steel wire rope sleeve, which respectively passes around the fixed pulley 9, and is respectively wound on the transmission areas at the corresponding ends of the winding roller 6 and the corresponding area of the power shaft 5. At the same time, rope tensioners 8 are respectively installed on the closed loop of the towing rope 2. The rope tensioners 8 are fixedly installed on the support frame 17 to tension the towing rope 2. A number of supporting lines 15 are parallel to the towing rope 2 and are arranged in the spreading area of the sunshade net 1 between the two towing ropes 2. Connecting columns 16 are arranged on the support frame 17. A positioning rod 18 is fixedly installed on the central axis between the two first fixed pulleys 9. The two ends of the supporting line 15 are respectively connected and tensioned with the connecting column 16 and the positioning rod 18 to keep the supporting line 15 coplanar with the two towing ropes 2 in the spreading area, so as to support the sunshade net 1 spread in the spreading area. The sunshade net 1 is wound and rolled on the winding area of the winding roller 6. A towing rod 7 is connected to the end of the sunshade net 1 at the exhibition end of the winding roller 6. The towing rod 7 is evenly carried on the two towing ropes 2 and is respectively connected to the two towing ropes 2 correspondingly, and can pull the sunshade net 1 to spread it evenly on the spreading area, block the sun rays incident from the arc-shaped lighting surface 11, and at the same time divide the internal space of the greenhouse main body 10 into a transition area 21 and a protection area 22. In order to reduce the convection flux of the sunshade net 1, a plastic transparent film is compounded on the sunshade net 1. The plastic transparent film is compounded on the backlight side of the sunshade net 1 to prevent the heat generated by the sunshade net 1 irradiated by the sun from radiating into the space of the protection area 22;An upward-pushing and sliding ventilation window 23 is provided on the heat-insulating shed surface 12 within the transition area 21, and a ventilation fan 19 is installed at the same time. According to the magnitude of the temperature gradient difference between the transition area 21 and the protection area 22, the ventilation window 23 can be selected for natural convection, or the ventilation fan 19 can be selected for forced convection to reduce the air temperature in the transition area 21 and improve the sunshade and cooling efficiency and effect of the sunshade system.

[0018] In the production of forest seedlings, a solar greenhouse for raising forest seedlings with an internal shading system as described in this embodiment is used. When the ambient temperature is high during the spring and autumn seasons and the sunlight intensity is too high, it is necessary to start the shading system to shield the sunlight incident from the curved lighting surface 11, so as to reduce the internal temperature of the greenhouse body 10. The specific method is: start the driving motor 3 to rotate forward, use the forward transmission of the traction rope 2, and pull the shading net 1 to loosen and spread it out through the pulling rod 7, so that the shading net 1 can be used to shield the sunlight incident from the curved lighting surface 11, and the shading net 1 can also divide the internal space of the greenhouse body 10 into two phases: a transition area 21 and a protection area 22. For the isolated space area; under the shading effect of the sunshade net 1, the air temperature rise rate in the protection area 22 will be controlled and gradually reduced within a certain range, and the transition area 21 will continue to be directly exposed to high-intensity sunlight, and the internal air temperature will continue to rise. When a large temperature change gradient is formed between the transition area 21 and the protection area 22, in order to prevent the air convection between the transition area 21 and the protection area 22 from transferring heat and offsetting the shading and cooling effect of the sunshade net 1, so that the temperature in the protection area 22 rises again, it is necessary to open the ventilation window 23 arranged on the insulation shed surface 12 in time. The transition area 21 is made to exchange air with the outside of the greenhouse body 10 through natural convection, thereby lowering the air temperature in the transition area 21, reducing the temperature gradient between the transition area 21 and the protection area 22, and reducing the heat transfer power between the two. If the air temperature in the transition area 21 cannot be effectively lowered by the natural convection exchange method using the ventilation window 23, further, the ventilation fan 22 is started to increase the air exchange intensity between the transition area 21 and the outside of the greenhouse body 10 through forced convection exchange, thereby accelerating the reduction speed of the air temperature in the transition area 21 and accelerating the reduction of the temperature with the protection area The temperature change gradient between the transition area 21 and the protection area 22 can overcome the influence of the temperature rise in the transition area 21 on the shading and cooling effect of the protection area 22 to the greatest extent, and ensure that the function of the shading system is fully exerted; as the ambient temperature decreases, the intensity of sunlight radiation decreases, and it is necessary to cancel the shading of the sunlight by the shading system. At this time, the drive motor 3 is started to rotate in the opposite direction, and the reverse transmission of the traction rope 2 is utilized to rewind the shading net 1 through the winding roller 6, so as to release the shading effect of the shading net 1 on the incident sunlight on the arc-shaped lighting surface 11, and at the same time, the ventilation fan 19 and the ventilation window 23 are closed in turn to end the shading and cooling operation of the greenhouse body 10.

Claims

1. A solar greenhouse for raising tree seedlings with an internal sunshade system, characterized in that: include: A greenhouse body (10) and a sunshade system arranged and installed inside the greenhouse body (10), wherein the greenhouse body (10) has a laterally arranged arc-shaped lighting surface (11), and the sunshade system has a sunshade net (1) that can be controlled to be rolled up or spread out, and the sunshade net (1) can be spread out to shield sunlight incident from the arc-shaped lighting surface (11), while dividing the internal space of the greenhouse body (10) into two relatively isolated areas, the upper part of the sunshade net (1) is a transition area (21), and the lower part of the sunshade net (1) is a protection area (22), and a ventilation mechanism or ventilation facilities are installed on the heat preservation shed surface (12) in the transition area (21).

2. A forest seedling solar greenhouse with an internal sunshade system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation mechanism is an openable and closable ventilation window (23) arranged on the heat preservation shed surface (12); opening the ventilation window (23) allows the transition area (21) to exchange air with the outside of the greenhouse body (10) by natural convection.

3. A solar greenhouse for raising tree seedlings with an internal sunshade system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation facility is a ventilation fan (19) installed on the heat preservation shed surface (12) and controllably turned on. When the ventilation fan (19) is turned on, forced convection exchange of air can be performed between the transition area (21) and the outside of the greenhouse body (10).

4. A forest seedling solar greenhouse with an internal shading system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sunshade system specifically comprises: the sunshade net (1), a traction rope (2), a drive motor (3), a worm gear reducer (4), a power shaft (5), a winding roller (6), a pulling rod (7), a rope tensioner (8) and a fixed pulley (9); the winding roller (6) is arranged horizontally along the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse body (10) and is installed on one side of the heat preservation shed surface (12), and its two ends are supported by roller seats (13) respectively, and the area of ​​the winding roller (6) between the two roller seats (13) is the winding area for the sunshade net (1). , the ends of both ends extend and protrude from the roller seat (13) to form a transmission area; the power shaft (5) and the winding roller (6) are arranged parallel to each other and correspond to each other, the driving motor (3) and the worm gear reducer (4) that are connected to each other are arranged corresponding to the power shaft (5), one end of the power shaft (5) is connected to the power output shaft of the worm gear reducer (4) to establish a power connection, and the other end is supported by the shaft seat (14), and the two fixed pulleys (9) are arranged to be installed in the arc-shaped lighting in the greenhouse body (10). On one side of the surface (11), the positions are respectively corresponding to the transmission areas at both ends of the winding roller (6); the traction rope (2) is a closed annular rope loop, and the two traction ropes (2) are respectively wrapped around the fixed pulley (9) and are respectively wound around the transmission areas at the corresponding ends of the winding roller (6) and the corresponding areas of the power shaft (5); at the same time, the rope tensioner (8) is installed on the closed loop of the traction rope (2), tightening the traction rope (2) to the fixed pulley (9) and the winding roller ( 6) cooperates with the ring sleeve of the power shaft (5); the sunshade net (1) is rolled up and wound on the winding roller (6), and the pulling rod (7) is connected to the end of the sunshade net (1) extending from the winding roller (6). The pulling rod (7) is arranged parallel to the winding roller (6), and its length is greater than the width distance between the two traction ropes (2). It is carried on the traction rope (2) between the winding roller (6) and the fixed pulley (9), and is respectively connected to the two traction ropes (2).

5. A forest seedling solar greenhouse with an internal sunshade system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A support line (15) is provided in the spreading area of ​​the sunshade net (1) between the two traction ropes (2), and the support line (15) is respectively arranged coplanar with the two traction ropes (2) in the section between the winding roller (6) and the fixed pulley (9).

6. A solar greenhouse for raising tree seedlings with an internal sunshade system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A transparent film is laminated on the backlight surface of the sunshade net (1).

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