Downhole drilling and caving device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underground drilling and caving device, which comprises a vertically arranged columnar main body seat and an expansion wing arranged on the columnar main body seat, the main body seat comprises a cylindrical body, the expansion wing comprises a telescopic rod vertically arranged in the body, the upper end of the telescopic rod is vertically and elastically connected with the body, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is connected with a push block; an installation opening is formed in the outer wall, corresponding to the push block, of the lower portion of the body, the expansion wing further comprises a blade wing hinged to the interior of the installation opening, and the blade wing is arranged to be capable of being unfolded outwards under the pushing effect of the push block. By means of the mechanical cave-making method, the cave-making strength can be enhanced, a coal wall can be effectively cut when the coal seam hardness is large, the size of a cave-expanding space can be fixed by stabilizing water pressure, the cave-expanding space can be quantized through the blade unfolding radius, the operation efficiency and accuracy are improved, the operation risk is reduced, and drilling and cave-expanding are stable and reliable; operation faults and safety risks are reduced, and safety and quality of gas drainage operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of borehole cavity - creating technology, and particularly to an underground borehole cavity - creating device. Background Technique

[0002] Mining industries such as coal mines are important fields for global energy development, and gas drainage operation is a key link in coal mine safety production. During the gas drainage process, the gas pressure in the coal seam increases, the gas content increases, and the coal seam permeability is generally low, which increases the difficulty of gas extraction. To improve the construction efficiency and ensure construction safety, the borehole drilling and expanding cavity - creating technology is adopted, which can improve the coal seam permeability and is an effective means to increase the gas extraction efficiency. Generally, the method of hydraulic punching and cavity - creating is used to improve the gas release speed. However, during the traditional hydraulic punching and cavity - creating process, due to the difference in coal seam strength, the cavity - creating size is uneven, it is difficult to accurately control the cavity - creating size, the borehole slag - discharging channel is damaged, and even large coal blocks block the slag - discharging channel, reducing the permeability - increasing effect. Moreover, when the coal seam is relatively hard, the strength of the hydraulic punching and cavity - creating equipment fails to meet the requirements, and cavity - creating is difficult. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the technical problems of low strength and uneven cavity - creating size in the hydraulic punching and cavity - creating technology in the above - mentioned background technique, the utility model provides an underground borehole cavity - creating device.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] An underground borehole cavity - creating device includes a column - shaped main body seat arranged vertically and expansion wings arranged thereon; the main body seat includes a column - shaped barrel - shaped body, the expansion wings include a telescopic rod vertically arranged inside the body, and the upper end of the telescopic rod is vertically elastically connected to the body, and the lower end is connected with a push block; an installation opening is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the body corresponding to the push block, the expansion wings further include a cutter wing hinged in the installation opening, and the cutter wing is arranged to be able to expand outwards under the pushing action of the push block.

[0006] By continuously injecting water and pressurizing into the body, under the action of water pressure, the telescopic rod is pushed to move downwards, and the push block is continuously pushed towards the cutter wing until the two are in contact. Continuing to pressurize until the cutter wing is completely expanded outwards under the pushing action of the push block. After the cutter wing is expanded, it cuts the side wall of the coal seam under the drive of the drill rod to create a cavity. After the cavity - creating is completed, the water pressure is gradually reduced, and the cutter wing retracts into the installation opening.

[0007] Further, a piston is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic rod, and the piston is vertically slidably matched with the body. The telescopic rod realizes up - and - down telescopic movement under the drive of the piston, and a rubber sleeve is connected to the part where the piston contacts the inner wall of the body, reducing the friction between the two while ensuring the relative movement of the piston and the body.

[0008] Preferably, a baffle is provided in the middle of the body, the telescopic rod is arranged through the baffle, and a spring is connected between the piston and the baffle. The spring is arranged to ensure that the piston can freely return to its original position after the pressure is released, and the baffle in the body can not only support the spring, but also prevent the piston and the telescopic rod from falling after the spring fails unexpectedly, thereby preventing the piston and the telescopic rod from falling.

[0009] As a further preference, the telescopic rod is a tubular structure, and the piston is located at the outer ring of the upper end of the telescopic rod. While ensuring the connection between the piston and the telescopic rod, the opening position of the upper end of the telescopic rod is avoided to ensure that the pressurized water can smoothly enter the interior of the telescopic tube.

[0010] Furthermore, a first drainage hole is provided at the lower part of the telescopic rod, and the push block is closed at the lower end of the telescopic rod. The lower end of the telescopic rod is closed to ensure that the water pressure can be quickly increased to reach a preset value. After the water pressure is stable, the water flow can enter the drill hole through the first drainage hole to cool the drill bit and take away the coal dust.

[0011] Specifically, a through hole matching the outer diameter of the telescopic rod is provided in the middle of the baffle, and the telescopic rod is arranged through the through hole; the first drain hole is arranged to be located in the through hole when the telescopic rod is in a natural state, so as to ensure that the water flow will not flow out of the body before the water pressure reaches a preset value, which is conducive to rapid pressure increase.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the baffle is not less than twice the diameter of the first drainage hole. By providing a thicker baffle, it is possible to prevent the first drainage hole from moving outside the through-hole due to excessive impact of the water flow at the moment when the water flow reaches the piston.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of the first drainage holes are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the telescopic rod, which can increase the speed and flow rate of water entering the borehole to a certain extent after the water pressure is stabilized, so as to meet the functional requirements of cooling the drill bit and impacting coal dust.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer ring of the push block is provided with a plurality of second drainage holes which pass through from top to bottom, so as to further increase the speed and flow of water entering the borehole to meet the functional needs of cooling the drill bit and impacting coal dust, while dispersing the flow of water at the hinge gap of the blade to avoid excessive impact on the soft coal wall.

[0015] As a further preference, the blade wing is configured to be retractable into the mounting opening in a retracted state, ensuring that after the blade wing is retracted after a hole making is completed, it can be smoothly moved from the drill hole to the next hole making position, and the hole expansion can be completed in one go during drilling construction, avoiding repeated construction, improving construction efficiency, and avoiding secondary damage to the coal wall when retracting the device.

[0016] With the above design, the downhole borehole cavitation device of the present utility model can enhance the cavitation strength through the mechanical cavitation method and can effectively cut the coal wall when the coal seam hardness is relatively large. After the pushing block pushes the cutter blade to unfold, the size of the cavity expansion space can be fixed by a stable water pressure. At the same time, the radius after the cutter blade unfolds can be changed by varying the water pressure. The cavity expansion space can be quantified by the radius of the cutter blade unfolding, improving the operation efficiency and accuracy, reducing the operation risk, making the borehole cavity expansion stable and reliable, reducing operation failures and safety risks, and improving the safety and quality of gas drainage operations. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the cutter blade of the cavitation device in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the cutter blade of the cavitation device in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter blade structure in the embodiment;

[0021] The components represented by the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0022] 1, main body seat; 11, body; 12, baffle; 2, expansion wing; 21, telescopic rod; 211, first water discharge hole; 22, pushing block; 221, second water discharge hole; 23, cutter blade; 231, alloy blade; 24, piston. Detailed Embodiment

[0023] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0024] Embodiment

[0025] Combined with Figures 1 to 3 , this embodiment provides a downhole borehole cavitation device, including a columnar main body seat 1 arranged vertically and an expansion wing 2 arranged thereon. The specific structure of the cavitation device (the above-mentioned) will be described in detail below.

[0026] In this embodiment, the main body seat 1 includes a columnar body 11, and interfaces capable of connecting a drill pipe and a drill bit are respectively provided at both ends of the body 11, and internal threads are provided in the interfaces.

[0027] In this embodiment, the expansion wing 2 includes a telescopic rod 21 vertically arranged inside the body 11, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 21 is vertically elastically connected to the body 11, and the lower end is connected with a pushing block 22.

[0028] Furthermore, a piston 24 is provided at the upper end of the telescopic rod 21, and the piston 24 is in vertical sliding fit with the main body 11. The telescopic rod 21 realizes vertical telescopic movement driven by the piston 24, and a rubber sleeve is connected to the contact part between the piston 24 and the inner wall of the main body 11, reducing the friction between the two while ensuring the relative movement between the piston 24 and the main body 11.

[0029] As a further preference, the telescopic rod 21 is of a tubular structure, and the piston 24 is located on the outer ring at the upper end of the telescopic rod 21. While ensuring the connection between the piston 24 and the telescopic rod 21, the opening position at the upper end of the telescopic rod 21 is avoided, ensuring that the pressurized water can smoothly enter the inside of the telescopic tube.

[0030] Preferably, a baffle 12 is provided in the middle of the main body 11, the telescopic rod 21 passes through the baffle 12, and a spring is connected between the piston 24 and the baffle 12. The setting of the spring ensures that the piston 24 can freely reset after the pressure is removed. The baffle 12 in the main body 11 can not only support the spring, but also prevent the piston 24 and the telescopic rod 21 from falling in case of accidental failure of the spring, playing a role in blocking the fall.

[0031] Specifically, a through hole adapted to the outer diameter of the telescopic rod 21 is provided in the middle of the baffle 12, and the telescopic rod 21 passes through the through hole.

[0032] Furthermore, a first water discharge hole 211 is provided in the middle of the telescopic rod 21, and a plurality of first water discharge holes 211 are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the telescopic rod 21, which can increase the speed and flow rate of the water flow into the drill hole to a certain extent after the water pressure is stable, so as to meet the functional requirements of cooling the drill bit and impacting the coal chips.

[0033] In specific implementation, the first water discharge hole 211 is arranged to be located in the through hole when the telescopic rod 21 is in the natural state. This ensures that the water flow will not flow out of the main body 11 before the water pressure reaches the preset value, which is beneficial to quickly increasing the pressure.

[0034] As a preferred implementation manner, the thickness of the baffle 12 is not less than twice the diameter of the first water discharge hole 211. By setting a relatively thick baffle 12, it can be avoided that the first water discharge hole 211 moves outside the through hole due to excessive water flow impact when the water flow reaches the piston 24.

[0035] In this embodiment, a push block 22 is connected to the lower end of the telescopic rod 21. Further, the push block 22 is hermetically arranged at the lower end of the telescopic rod 21. The lower end of the telescopic rod 21 is hermetically arranged to ensure that the water pressure can quickly rise to the preset value. After the water pressure is stable, the water flow can enter the drill hole through the first water discharge hole 211 to play a role in cooling the drill bit and taking away the coal chips.

[0036] Specifically, the pushing block 22 is arranged in the structure of a hexagonal frustum with a common base, and a blind groove is provided at its upper end. The lower end of the telescopic rod 21 is arranged in the blind groove. The outer wall of the pushing block 22 with the largest radius can be in vertical sliding fit with the inner wall of the main body 11. The frustum structure with a common base can make the contact surface between the pushing block 22 and the inner wall of the main body 11 smaller, reducing the frictional loss between the two.

[0037] As a preferred implementation manner, a plurality of second water discharge holes 221 penetrating up and down are provided on the outer ring of the pushing block 22, further increasing the speed and flow rate of water flowing into the drill hole to meet the functional requirements of cooling the drill bit and impacting coal chips. At the same time, the flow rate of water at the hinge gap of the cutter blade 23 is dispersed to avoid excessive impact on the soft coal wall.

[0038] In this embodiment, an installation opening is provided on the outer wall of the lower part of the main body 11 corresponding to the pushing block 22. The expansion wing 2 further includes a cutter blade 23 hinged in the installation opening, and the cutter blade 23 is arranged to be able to expand outwards under the pushing action of the pushing block 22.

[0039] As a further preference, the installation opening penetrates into the interior of the main body 11. The cutter blade 23 is arranged to be able to be received in the installation opening in the retracted state, ensuring that after the cutter blade 23 is retracted after one cavity formation, it can smoothly move from the drill hole to the next cavity formation position. When constructing the drill hole, the hole can be expanded in one go, avoiding repeated construction, improving the construction efficiency, and at the same time avoiding secondary damage to the coal wall when retracting the device.

[0040] In specific implementation, the cutter blade 23 includes a vertically arranged connecting plate, and the upper end of the connecting plate is hinged in the installation opening. A trapezoidal plate is connected to the side of the connecting plate facing the telescopic rod 21. The bottom surface of the trapezoidal plate is connected to the connecting plate, and inclined surfaces parallel to each other are provided on the side of the trapezoidal plate opposite to the pushing block 22. The outermost ring of the pushing block 22 is always in vertical sliding fit with the inclined surface of the cutter blade 23 during the process of pushing the cutter blade 23 to expand.

[0041] Furthermore, a groove penetrating up and down is provided on the side of the trapezoidal plate facing the pushing block. The depth of the groove is less than the height of the trapezoidal plate. By setting the groove, after the cutter blade is fully expanded, the water flowing into the drill hole can be increased, the impact force of the water flow in the drill hole can be dispersed, and the secondary impact on the coal wall can be reduced.

[0042] Preferably, a plurality of alloy cutter heads are provided on the side of the cutter blade 23 facing away from the main body seat 1, which can enhance the cavity formation strength and quickly cut the coal wall.

[0043] In this embodiment, the specific working principle is as follows: The high-pressure water pump continuously injects water into the main body 11 to increase the pressure. The water flow first enters the telescopic rod 21. However, since one end of the telescopic rod 21 is closed, the water pressure can quickly rise to the preset value. When the water pressure reaches the required value, under the action of the water pressure, the piston 24 starts to move downward, driving the telescopic rod 21 to move away from the through port of the first drain hole 211. The water flow flows out from the first drain port into the drill hole. At the same time, the cutter blades 23 gradually unfold. Continue to increase the pressure until the cutter blades 23 are fully unfolded outward under the pushing action of the push block 22. After the cutter blades 23 are unfolded, they cut the side wall of the coal seam to create a cavity driven by the drill pipe. After the cavity creation is completed, gradually reduce the water pressure, and the cutter blades 23 retract into the installation port. Subsequently, the drill pipe and the cavity expansion device are withdrawn from the drill hole.

[0044] The mechanical cavity creation method can enhance the cavity creation intensity and effectively cut the coal wall when the coal seam hardness is relatively high. After the push block 22 pushes the cutter blades 23 to unfold, the size of the cavity expansion space can be fixed by stabilizing the water pressure. At the same time, by changing the size of the water pressure, the radius of the cutter blades 23 after unfolding can be changed. The cavity expansion space can be quantified through the unfolding radius of the cutter blades 23, improving the operation efficiency and accuracy, reducing the operation risk, making the drill hole cavity expansion stable and reliable, reducing operation failures and safety risks, and improving the safety and quality of the gas drainage operation.

Claims

1. A downhole drilling and hole-making device, characterized in that: It comprises a vertically arranged columnar main body seat (1) and an expansion wing (2) arranged thereon; The main body (1) comprises a cylindrical body (11), and the expansion wing (2) comprises a telescopic rod (21) vertically arranged inside the body (11), and the upper end of the telescopic rod (21) is vertically elastically connected to the body (11), and the lower end is connected to a push block (22); A mounting opening is provided on the outer wall of the lower part of the body (11) corresponding to the push block (22), and the expansion wing (2) further comprises a blade wing (23) hinged in the mounting opening, and the blade wing (23) is configured to be able to be expanded outwards under the pushing action of the push block (22).

2. A downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston (24) is provided at the upper end of the telescopic rod (21), and the piston (24) is vertically slidably matched with the body (11).

3. A downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle (12) is provided in the middle of the body (11), the telescopic rod (21) is arranged through the baffle (12), and a spring is connected between the piston (24) and the baffle (12).

4. A downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (21) is a tubular structure, and the piston (24) is located on the outer ring of the upper end of the telescopic rod.

5. A downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first water leakage hole (211) is provided in the middle of the telescopic rod (21), and the push block (22) is closed and arranged at the lower end of the telescopic rod (21).

6. A downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A through hole matching the outer diameter of the telescopic rod (21) is provided in the middle of the baffle (12), and the telescopic rod (21) is arranged through the through hole; The first drain hole (211) is arranged so as to be located inside the through opening when the telescopic rod (21) is in a natural state.

7. A downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the baffle (12) is not less than twice the diameter of the first drainage hole (211).

8. The downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the first water leakage holes (211) are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the telescopic rod (21).

9. A downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the push block (22) is provided with a plurality of second water leakage holes (221) which penetrate vertically.

10. The downhole drilling and hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade wing is arranged (23) to be retracted and can be received in the mounting opening.

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