Graded filling hydrogen filling machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a staged filling hydrogenation machine which comprises a first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen cooling system, a second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogenation pipeline and a hydrogenation gun, an inlet and an outlet of the hydrogen cooling system are respectively connected with the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline and the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline, and the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline is used for being connected with a high-pressure hydrogen storage container of a hydrogen refueling station; a first pneumatic valve and a pneumatic pressure regulating valve are sequentially arranged between an inlet and an outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline, the outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline is connected with at least two hydrogenation pipelines, an outlet of each hydrogenation pipeline is connected to a hydrogenation gun, and each hydrogenation pipeline is provided with a second pneumatic valve; and the pneumatic pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the outlet pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline according to the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system. According to the graded-filling hydrogenation machine, the outlet pressure of the hydrogen supply pipeline can be controlled, various hydrogenation pressures can be realized only by providing the high-pressure hydrogen storage container with one pressure grade, and the self-adaptive adjustment of the hydrogenation flow and the hydrogen pre-cooling temperature can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen filling machines, in particular to a hierarchical filling hydrogen filling machine. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen filling machine is a special device that can provide hydrogen filling services for hydrogen energy vehicles, hydrogen energy ships, hydrogen energy engineering vehicles, hydrogen energy power generation devices, etc., and has functions such as control, metering, and pricing. As the main equipment of a hydrogen filling station, the hydrogen filling machine is a medium connecting the hydrogen filling station and users, and the quality of its filling performance and safety performance directly affects the user experience. In the early days, most traditional domestic hydrogen filling stations used 35 MPa compressed hydrogen as the filling gas source to fill logistics vehicles and buses, but in recent years, the filling requirements for 70 MPa hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have gradually emerged.

[0003] At present, most hydrogen filling machines in the industry only have the hydrogen filling function of a single pressure grade of 35 MPa or 70 MPa, and cannot meet the requirement that a hydrogen filling machine can fill two pressure grades. The practicability and economy are not strong, and the market demand cannot be met. There is a hydrogen filling machine integrating 35 MPa and 70 MPa hydrogen filling functions in the prior art. For example, Chinese Patent CN 115628401 A provides a hierarchical filling dual-system hydrogen filling machine and a filling method. The hydrogen filling machine includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank arranged in parallel. The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is sequentially connected to the inlet of a high-pressure intake pneumatic valve, a first control valve, and then to the inlet of a hydrogen heat exchanger. The low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is sequentially connected to the inlet of a low-pressure intake pneumatic valve, a second control valve, and then to the inlet of the hydrogen heat exchanger. The medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank is connected to a medium-pressure intake pneumatic valve and then divided into two branches. One branch is connected to a medium-pressure equalizing pneumatic valve and then connected between the high-pressure intake pneumatic valve and the first control valve, and the other branch is connected to a low-pressure equalizing pneumatic valve and then connected between the low-pressure intake pneumatic valve and the second control valve. The outlet of the hydrogen heat exchanger is respectively connected to a first hydrogen filling gun and a second hydrogen filling gun through a first gas path and a second gas path.

[0004] For the hierarchical filling dual-system hydrogen filling machine in this patent, for hierarchical filling, it is necessary to be equipped with high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks of multiple pressure grades, the hydrogen supply pipeline is complex, the cost is relatively high, and only simple hydrogen cooling is carried out, and the adaptive adjustment of the hydrogen filling flow rate and the pre-cooling temperature cannot be realized, resulting in a relatively high hydrogen filling temperature, and the filling performance cannot reach a high level. In addition, manual emptying is required after hydrogen filling, resulting in low hydrogen filling efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a hierarchical filling hydrogen dispenser, which uses a group of second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipelines to connect a hydrogen cooler, a pneumatic valve and a pneumatic pressure regulating valve in series. The pneumatic pressure regulating valve can control the outlet pressure of the hydrogen supply pipeline. Therefore, only one type of high-pressure hydrogen storage container with a certain pressure level is needed to achieve filling with multiple hydrogenation pressures, and the adaptive adjustment of the hydrogenation flow rate and the pre-cooling temperature of hydrogen can be realized through the pneumatic pressure regulating valve.

[0006] A hierarchical filling hydrogen dispenser includes a first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen cooling system, a second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogenation pipeline and a hydrogenation gun; wherein, the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen cooling system are respectively connected to the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline and the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline. The first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline is used to connect the high-pressure hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen filling station. A first pneumatic valve and a pneumatic pressure regulating valve are successively arranged between the inlet and outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline; the outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to at least two hydrogenation pipelines, the outlet of each hydrogenation pipeline is connected to a hydrogenation gun, and a second pneumatic valve is arranged on each hydrogenation pipeline; the pneumatic pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the outlet pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline according to the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system.

[0007] In one embodiment, the hierarchical filling hydrogen dispenser further includes a venting pipeline. The inlet of the venting pipeline is respectively connected to each hydrogenation pipeline, and a control on-off valve and a check valve are respectively arranged between the inlet and outlet of the venting pipeline.

[0008] In one embodiment, the venting pipeline at least includes a first venting pipeline and a second venting pipeline. Among them, the inlets of the first venting pipeline and the second venting pipeline are respectively connected to two hydrogenation pipelines, the control on-off valves are respectively arranged on the first venting pipeline and the second venting pipeline, and the outlets of the first venting pipeline and the second venting pipeline converge with each other.

[0009] In one embodiment, the venting pipeline further includes a first manual venting branch and a second manual venting branch. The inlet and outlet of the first manual venting branch are respectively connected to a hydrogenation pipeline and the first venting pipeline, and a manual on-off valve is arranged on the first manual venting branch; the inlet and outlet of the second manual venting branch are respectively connected to another hydrogenation pipeline and the second venting pipeline, and a manual on-off valve is arranged on the second manual venting branch.

[0010] In one embodiment, the venting pipeline further includes a manual venting pipeline. The inlet of the manual venting pipeline is connected to the convergence point of the inlets of all hydrogenation pipelines, and a manual on-off valve and a check valve are respectively arranged on the manual venting pipeline.

[0011] In one embodiment, an overflow pipeline is respectively connected to each hydrogenation pipeline, and an overflow valve is arranged on the overflow pipeline.

[0012] In one embodiment, a breakaway valve is arranged between the outlet of each hydrogenation pipeline and the hydrogenation gun.

[0013] In one embodiment, a pressure detection component and a pressure display component are provided between the second pneumatic valve and the breakaway valve on each hydrogenation pipeline.

[0014] In one embodiment, a filter is provided at the outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline near the hydrogen cooling system.

[0015] In one embodiment, manual on-off valves are provided on both the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline and the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline. The manual on-off valves provided on the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline are located on the inlet side and the outlet side of the filter respectively.

[0016] For the stepwise filling hydrogenation machine provided by the present utility model, its pneumatic pressure regulating valve can control the outlet pressure through a pneumatic control valve. The pneumatic pressure regulating valve controls its own outlet pressure within a preset range according to the hydrogen pressure and temperature of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system. Only one second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline is adopted to meet the hydrogenation pipelines with at least two hydrogenation pressures. The single-line hydrogenation system reduces the use of pipe valve components in the hydrogenation machine system, reduces the possibility of hydrogen leakage, reduces the cost of the hydrogenation machine, and improves the safety performance. In addition, for the upstream high-pressure hydrogen storage container of the hydrogenation station using the hydrogenation machine of the present utility model, only a high-pressure hydrogen storage container with one pressure grade is required. The single high-pressure hydrogen storage container can reduce the use of hydrogen storage containers and pipe valve components in the hydrogenation station, thereby reducing the construction cost and daily maintenance cost of the hydrogenation station and improving the safety performance within the station. In addition, the hydrogenation flow rate of the hydrogenation machine of the present application is controlled by controlling the outlet pressure of the pneumatic pressure regulating valve. During the normal hydrogenation process, the outlet pressure of the pneumatic pressure regulating valve is adjusted according to the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system to ensure that the pressure difference between the two tends to be stable and hydrogenation is carried out at a relatively stable flow rate. When the temperature in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system is relatively high, the pneumatic pressure regulating valve reduces its outlet pressure according to the signal sent by the control system, thereby reducing the hydrogenation flow rate. On the one hand, the reduction of the hydrogenation flow rate can reduce the temperature in the hydrogen cylinder by reducing the heat generated by the Joule-Thomson effect during the hydrogenation process. On the other hand, it can increase the time for hydrogen to pass through the hydrogen cooling system, reduce the pre-cooling temperature of hydrogen, and thus reduce the temperature of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the hydrogenation flow rate and the pre-cooling temperature. Therefore, the hydrogenation machine of the present application has strong applicability and economy, can prevent the hydrogenation temperature from being too high, ensure a high filling rate, and make the filling performance reach a better state. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1Schematically shows the principle of the step-by-step filling hydrogenation machine according to the embodiments of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0019] The following will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the description of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "set", "provided with", "arranged on", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific circumstances.

[0021] Terms such as "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. are only used to distinguish elements with similar attributes, rather than indicating or implying relative importance or a specific order.

[0022] The term "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. In addition to including the listed elements, it may also include other elements not specifically listed.

[0023] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the staged filling hydrogenation machine according to the embodiment of the present application includes a first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 11, a hydrogen cooling system 12, a second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13, two hydrogenation pipelines: a 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 and a 70 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 15, and two hydrogenation guns: a 35 MPa hydrogenation gun 16 and a 70 MPa hydrogenation gun 17; wherein, the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen cooling system 12 are respectively connected to the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 11 and the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13. The first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 11 is used to connect the high-pressure hydrogen storage container of the hydrogenation station. A first pneumatic valve GVO1 and a pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 are sequentially arranged between the inlet and outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13. The first pneumatic valve GVO1 is used to control the on-off of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13, and the pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 is used to adjust the outlet pressure of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13 according to the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system so as to adjust the filling pressure of the hydrogenation pipeline; the outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13 is respectively connected to the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 and the 70 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 15. The outlet of the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 is connected to the 35 MPa hydrogenation gun 16, and the outlet of the 70 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 15 is connected to the 70 MPa hydrogenation gun 17. A second pneumatic valve GVO2 for controlling its on-off is arranged on the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14, and a second pneumatic valve GVO3 for controlling its on-off is arranged on the 70 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 15.

[0024] The step-by-step filling hydrogen dispenser provided by the embodiment of the present application. Its pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 can control the outlet pressure through a pneumatic control valve, and the outlet pressure range is 1.4 - 93 Mpa. When hydrogen filling operation is required, the control system of the hydrogen dispenser will open or close the corresponding pneumatic valve according to the pressure level of the hydrogen storage container in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system. The pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 controls its own outlet pressure within a preset range according to the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system. Only one second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13 is used to meet the hydrogen filling pipelines 14 and 15 with two hydrogen filling pressures of at least 35 MPa and 70 Mpa. The single-line hydrogen filling system reduces the use of pipe valves in the hydrogen dispenser system, reduces the possibility of hydrogen leakage, reduces the cost of the hydrogen dispenser, and improves the safety performance. In addition, for the upstream high-pressure hydrogen storage container of the hydrogen filling station using the hydrogen dispenser of the present application, only a high-pressure hydrogen storage container with a pressure level of 90 MPa is required. The single high-pressure hydrogen storage container can reduce the use of high-pressure hydrogen storage containers and pipe valves, thereby reducing the construction cost and daily maintenance cost of the hydrogen filling station and improving the in-station safety performance. By controlling the second pneumatic valves GV03 and GVO2, hydrogen filling of the 35 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 14 and the 70 Mpa hydrogen filling pipeline 15 can be respectively achieved. In addition, the hydrogen filling flow rate of the hydrogen dispenser of the present application is controlled by controlling the outlet pressure of the pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01. During normal hydrogen filling, the outlet pressure of the pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 is adjusted according to the hydrogen temperature and pressure in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system to ensure that the difference between the hydrogen pressure in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system and the outlet pressure of the pneumatic pressure regulating valve tends to be stable. When the hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen cylinder of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system is relatively high, the pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 reduces the outlet pressure of the pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 according to the signal sent by the control system of the hydrogen dispenser, thereby reducing the hydrogen filling flow rate. The reduction of the hydrogen filling flow rate can, on the one hand, reduce the temperature in the hydrogen cylinder by reducing the heat generated during the hydrogen filling process due to the Joule-Thomson effect, and on the other hand, increase the time for hydrogen to pass through the hydrogen cooling system 12, reduce the pre-cooling temperature of hydrogen, and thus reduce the hydrogen temperature in the hydrogen storage cylinder, realizing the adaptive adjustment of the hydrogen filling flow rate and the pre-cooling temperature. Therefore, the hydrogen dispenser of the present application has strong applicability and economy, can prevent the hydrogen filling temperature from being too high, ensure a high filling rate, and make the filling performance reach a better state.

[0025] In one embodiment, the staged filling hydrogen dispenser further includes a vent pipeline 18. The inlet of the vent pipeline 18 is respectively connected to the 35 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 14 and the 70 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 15. A control on-off valve and a check valve are respectively provided between the inlet and the outlet of the vent pipeline 18. The control on-off valve is used to control the on-off of the vent pipeline 18. Specifically, the control on-off valve includes solenoid valves MV01 and MV02. In one embodiment, the vent pipeline 18 includes a first vent pipeline 181 and a second vent pipeline 182. Among them, the inlets of the first vent pipeline 181 and the second vent pipeline 182 are respectively connected to the 35 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 14 and the 70 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 15. The solenoid valves MV01 and MV02 are respectively provided in the second vent pipeline 182 and the first vent pipeline 181. The check valves CV02 and CV03 are respectively provided in the second vent pipeline 182 and the first vent pipeline 181. The outlets of the first vent pipeline 181 and the second vent pipeline 182 converge with each other.

[0026] In one embodiment, the vent pipeline 18 further includes a first manual vent branch 183 and a second manual vent branch 184. The inlet and the outlet of the first manual vent branch 183 are respectively connected to the 35 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 14 and the first vent pipeline 181. A manual on-off valve, namely a needle valve ZV06, is provided on the first manual vent branch 183. The inlet and the outlet of the second manual vent branch 184 are respectively connected to the 70 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline and the second vent pipeline 182. A manual on-off valve, namely a needle valve ZV05, is provided on the second manual vent branch 184. In one embodiment, the vent pipeline 18 further includes a manual vent pipeline 185. The inlet of the manual vent pipeline 185 is connected to the convergence of the inlets of the 35 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 14 and the 70 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline 15. Manual on-off valves, namely needle valves ZV04 and a check valve CV01, are respectively provided on the manual vent pipeline 185.

[0027] In one embodiment, breakaway valves BV02 and BV03 are provided between the outlet of the 35 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline and the 35 MPa hydrogen filling gun 16, and a breakaway valve BV01 is provided between the outlet of the 70 MPa hydrogen filling pipeline and the 70 MPa hydrogen filling gun 17. Through the breakaway valves BV01, BV02 and BV03, leakage accidents caused by accidental breakage of the hydrogen filling hoses between the hydrogen filling guns 16, 17 and the breakaway valves can be prevented.

[0028] In one embodiment, pressure detection components, namely pressure transmitters PT03, and pressure display components, namely pressure gauges PG02, are respectively provided between the second pneumatic valve GV03 on the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 and the pull - off valves BV02 and BV03. Pressure detection components, namely pressure transmitters PT02, and pressure display components, namely pressure gauges PG02, are provided between the second pneumatic valve GV02 on the 70 Mpa hydrogenation pipeline 15 and the pull - off valve BV01. The pressure gauges PG01 and PG02 can respectively and intuitively display the real - time hydrogenation pressure on the 70 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 15 and the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 in real time, which is beneficial to improving the convenience of operation for operators.

[0029] Specifically, to prevent the hydrogenation hoses, pipelines, and components from having a reduced lifespan due to being in a high - pressure environment for a long time, after hydrogenation is completed, the control system controls the solenoid valves MV01 or MV02 to open. The hydrogen in the high - pressure pipeline passes through the solenoid valves MV01 or MV02 and then is discharged to the atmosphere through the one - way valves CV02 and CV03 and the first vent pipeline 181 and the second vent pipeline 182, eliminating the need for manual venting operations. When the pressure of the pressure transmitter PT02 on the 70 Mpa hydrogenation pipeline 15 or the pressure transmitter PT03 on the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 is less than or equal to 1 MPa, the solenoid valves MV01 or MV02 close and the venting stops. Therefore, automatic venting can be achieved, simplifying the hydrogenation operation steps and increasing the operation efficiency of the hydrogenation station. The functions of the one - way valves CV02 and CV03 are: to prevent external air from entering the hydrogenation machine system; to prevent high - pressure hydrogen from entering the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 when the 70 MPa pipeline 15 is vented, causing over - pressure damage to components. After hydrogenation is completed, if the operator observes that there is no obvious decrease in the hydrogenation pressure, it indicates that the solenoid valves MV01 or MV02 are faulty and automatic venting cannot be performed. At this time, the staff can perform manual venting through the needle valve ZV05 or the needle valve ZV06. In addition, both the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 and the 70 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 15 can be vented through the needle valve ZV04 via the one - way valve CV01.

[0030] In one embodiment, an overflow pipeline 191 and an overflow pipeline 192 are respectively connected to the 35 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 14 and the 70 MPa hydrogenation pipeline 15, and an overflow valve SV02 and an overflow valve SV01 are respectively provided on the overflow pipeline 191 and the overflow pipeline 192. When the pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01 fails and cannot correctly control the outlet pressure according to the signal sent by the control system, resulting in the hydrogenation pressure exceeding the limit pressure of the overflow valve SV01 or the overflow valve SV02, the overflow valve SV01 or the overflow valve SV02 automatically discharges to ensure the safety of the hydrogenation machine system and the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, prevent overpressure of components such as the hydrogenation hose, and extend its service life. Specifically, the outlet of the overflow pipeline 191 is connected to the first vent pipeline 181 and the first vent branch 183, and the outlet of the overflow pipeline 192 is connected to the second vent pipeline 182 and the first vent branch 184, so that the check valve on the vent pipeline can further act on the overflow pipeline, effectively simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0031] In one embodiment, a filter 20 is provided at the outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13 near the hydrogen cooling system 12 to purify the high-pressure hydrogen source and avoid damage to the hydrogenation machine. In one embodiment, manual on-off valves are provided on both the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 11 and the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13. The manual on-off valves provided on the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13 are respectively located on the inlet side and the outlet side of the filter 20, and the manual on-off valves are respectively needle valves ZV01, ZV02 and ZV03, which are convenient for manually controlling the opening and closing of the hydrogenation machine.

[0032] In one embodiment, the hydrogen cooling system 12 includes a refrigeration unit 121 and a hydrogen cooler 122. The refrigeration unit 121 is respectively connected to the hydrogen cooler 122 through two delivery pipelines. The refrigeration unit 121 is also provided with a discharge pipeline, and ball valves QV301, QV302 and QV303 are respectively provided on the two delivery pipelines and a discharge pipeline, so that the cooling of high-pressure hydrogen can be well realized. Temperature transmitters TT01 and TT02 are respectively provided on the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 11 and the hydrogen cooler 122. Pressure transmitter PT01, temperature transmitter TT03 and flow transmitter FQ101 are respectively provided on the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 13. Through the above-mentioned various detection components, it is convenient for the control system to monitor and regulate the working state of the hydrogenation machine in real time. In addition, in order to ensure the safety of the hydrogenation operation, a hydrogen concentration detector GT01 is also provided around the hydrogenation machine to detect whether there is hydrogen leakage.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the usage method of the staged filling hydrogenation machine according to the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0034] When the hydrogen refueling machine needs to refuel the 35 MPa hydrogen storage system, the needle valves ZV01 - ZV03 are opened, the needle valves ZV04 - ZV06 are closed, the solenoid valves MV01 and MV02 are closed, the first pneumatic valve GVO1 and the second pneumatic valve GVO3 are opened, the second pneumatic valve GVO2 is closed, the upstream high - pressure hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen cooling system 12 through the hydrogen interface 101 of the high - pressure hydrogen storage container in the hydrogen refueling station and the first high - pressure hydrogen supply pipeline 11 for cooling, then is decompressed to a suitable pressure level by the pneumatic pressure regulating valve RV01, and finally enters the hydrogen storage system through the hydrogen refueling gun 16; when it is necessary to refuel the 70 MPa hydrogen storage system, the first pneumatic valve GVO1 and the second pneumatic valve GVO2 are opened, and after the second pneumatic valve GVO3 is closed, hydrogen refueling can start.

[0035] According to the above - mentioned embodiments, it can be seen that the step - by - step refueling hydrogen refueling machine involved in the present utility model only uses one second high - pressure hydrogen supply pipeline to meet the hydrogen refueling pipelines of at least two hydrogen refueling pressure levels. The single - line hydrogen refueling system reduces the use of pipe valves in the hydrogen refueling machine system, reduces the possibility of hydrogen leakage, reduces the cost of the hydrogen refueling machine, and improves the safety performance. A single high - pressure hydrogen storage container can reduce the use of hydrogen storage containers and pipe valves in the hydrogen refueling station, thereby reducing the construction cost and daily maintenance cost of the hydrogen refueling station and improving the in - station safety performance. When the hydrogen temperature of the vehicle - mounted hydrogen system is relatively high, the pneumatic pressure regulating valve can achieve adaptive adjustment of the hydrogen refueling flow rate and pre - cooling temperature, with strong applicability and economy, can prevent the hydrogen refueling temperature from being too high, ensure a high filling rate, and make the refueling performance reach a better state.

[0036] The above - mentioned is only the specific implementation manner of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A staged hydrogen filling machine, used for the onboard hydrogen system of a hydrogen-powered vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (11), a hydrogen cooling system (12), a second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13), a hydrogenation pipeline and a hydrogenation gun; wherein, The inlet and outlet of the hydrogen cooling system (12) are respectively connected to the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (11) and the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13); the first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (11) is used to connect to a high-pressure hydrogen storage container of a hydrogen refueling station; a first pneumatic valve (GVO1) and a pneumatic pressure regulating valve (RV01) are sequentially arranged between the inlet and outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13); The outlet of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13) is connected to at least two hydrogenation pipelines, the outlet of each hydrogenation pipeline is connected to a hydrogenation gun, and each hydrogenation pipeline is provided with a second pneumatic valve; The pneumatic pressure regulating valve (RV01) is used to adjust the outlet pressure of the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13) according to the hydrogen pressure and temperature in the on-board hydrogen system.

2. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The staged filling hydrogenation machine further comprises a venting pipeline (18), the inlet of the venting pipeline (18) is respectively connected to each hydrogenation pipeline, and a control on-off valve and a one-way valve are respectively provided between the inlet and the outlet of the venting pipeline (18).

3. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The venting pipeline 18 at least comprises a first venting pipeline (181) and a second venting pipeline (182), wherein an inlet of the first venting pipeline (181) and an inlet of the second venting pipeline (182) are respectively connected to the two hydrogenation pipelines, the control on-off valves are respectively arranged on the first venting pipeline (181) and the second venting pipeline (182), and the outlets of the first venting pipeline (181) and the second venting pipeline (182) merge with each other.

4. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The venting pipeline (18) further comprises a first manual venting branch (183) and a second manual venting branch (184); the inlet and outlet of the first manual venting branch (183) are respectively connected to a hydrogenation pipeline (14) and the first venting pipeline (181); the first manual venting branch (183) is provided with a manual on-off valve; the inlet and outlet of the second manual venting branch (184) are respectively connected to another hydrogenation pipeline (15) and the second venting pipeline (182); the second manual venting branch (184) is provided with a manual on-off valve.

5. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The venting pipeline (18) further comprises a manual venting pipeline (185), the inlet of which is connected to the confluence of the inlets of all hydrogenation pipelines, and the manual venting pipeline (185) is provided with a manual on-off valve and a one-way valve.

6. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each of the hydrogenation pipelines is connected to an overflow pipeline, and an overflow valve is arranged on the overflow pipeline.

7. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A breakaway valve is provided between the outlet of each hydrogenation pipeline and the hydrogenation gun.

8. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure detection component and a pressure display component are provided between the second pneumatic valve and the breakaway valve on each of the hydrogenation pipelines.

9. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A filter (20) is provided on the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13) near the outlet of the hydrogen cooling system (12).

10. The staged filling hydrogenation machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (11) and the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13) are both provided with manual on-off valves, and the manual on-off valves provided on the second high-pressure hydrogen supply pipeline (13) are respectively located at the inlet side and the outlet side of the filter (20).

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