Display panel with switchable visual angle and display device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a display panel with a switchable visual angle and a display device, the display panel comprises a dimming box, a display liquid crystal box and at least two light gathering structures which are arranged in a mutually stacked mode, and the light gathering structures are used for gathering backlight rays; the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, a visual angle auxiliary electrode is arranged on the first substrate, a visual angle control electrode is arranged on the second substrate, and the visual angle control electrode is matched with the visual angle auxiliary electrode; the display liquid crystal box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate opposite to the color film substrate and a second liquid crystal layer located between the color film substrate and the array substrate. At least two condensation structures are arranged in the display panel, so that a plurality of condensation effects are performed on backlight rays, the backlight rays are more concentrated when emitted out of the display panel, and the light receiving effect of the dimming box at a narrow visual angle is matched, so that the light receiving effect at a large visual angle at the narrow visual angle is improved, and the peep-proof effect at the narrow visual angle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a display panel and a display device with switchable viewing angles. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from the original 120° to more than 160°. While enjoying the visual experience brought by the wide viewing angle, people also hope to effectively protect business secrets and personal privacy to avoid business losses or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the demand for wide viewing angle, in many occasions, the display device is also required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0003] At present, the main method is to attach a blind film to the display screen to achieve wide and narrow viewing angle switching. When anti-peeping is required, the screen can be covered with a blind film to narrow the viewing angle. However, this method requires additional blind films, which will cause great inconvenience to the user. Moreover, a blind film can only achieve one viewing angle. Once the blind film is attached, the viewing angle is fixed in the narrow viewing angle mode, resulting in the inability to switch freely between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. In addition, the anti-peeping film will cause the brightness to decrease and affect the quality. The prior art also has a dual-box structure that uses a dimming box and a display panel to switch between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle, wherein the display panel is used for normal picture display and the dimming box is used to control the viewing angle switching. The dimming box includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The viewing angle control electrodes on the upper substrate and the lower substrate apply a vertical electric field to the liquid crystal molecules to deflect the liquid crystal in the vertical direction to achieve the narrow viewing angle mode. By controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode, switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle can be achieved. However, when this display panel is paired with a conventional NGL backlight module (diffuse light backlight module), the light collection effect at a wide viewing angle is not ideal, and the effect at a narrow viewing angle is poor; therefore, it needs to be paired with a light-collecting backlight module to achieve a better anti-peeping effect, but the light-collecting backlight module has a complex structure, a thicker module, and a higher cost. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a display panel and a display device with switchable viewing angles, so as to solve the problem that the display panel in the prior art has a poor anti-peeping effect when equipped with a conventional diffuser backlight module.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a display panel with switchable viewing angle, comprising a dimming box, a display liquid crystal box and at least two light-gathering structures which are stacked on each other, wherein the light-gathering structures are used to converge backlight rays;

[0007] The dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate is provided with a viewing angle auxiliary electrode, the second substrate is provided with a viewing angle control electrode, and the viewing angle control electrode cooperates with the viewing angle auxiliary electrode;

[0008] The display liquid crystal box comprises a color filter substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color filter substrate, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the color filter substrate and the array substrate;

[0009] The light-condensing structure comprises a prism structure layer and a refractive structure layer, wherein the refractive structure layer covers the prism structure layer, and the refractive index of the prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the refractive structure layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the focusing structure is a first focusing structure, which includes a first prism structure layer and a first refractive structure layer, the first refractive structure layer covers the side of the first prism structure layer facing the external environment, the refractive index of the first prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer, and the first prism structure layer has a plurality of first rib structures protruding toward the first refractive structure layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the first light focusing structure is disposed on a side of the first substrate away from the first liquid crystal layer and on a side of the color film substrate away from the second liquid crystal layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the focusing structure is a second focusing structure, the second focusing structure includes a second prism structure layer and a second refractive structure layer, the second refractive structure layer covers the side of the second prism structure layer away from the external environment, the refractive index of the second prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer, and the second prism structure layer has a plurality of second rib structures protruding toward the second refractive structure layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the second light-condensing structure is disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the first liquid crystal layer and a side of the array substrate away from the second liquid crystal layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the display panel includes a cover plate, which is arranged on a side of the display panel close to the external environment, and the second light-focusing structure is provided on a side of the cover plate away from the external environment and a side of the second substrate away from the first liquid crystal layer, or the second light-focusing structure is provided on a side of the cover plate away from the external environment and a side of the array substrate away from the second liquid crystal layer.

[0015] Further, the plurality of light-concentrating structures include at least one first light-concentrating structure and at least one second light-concentrating structure;

[0016] The first light-condensing structure includes a first prism structure layer and a first refractive structure layer, the first refractive structure layer covers the side of the first prism structure layer facing the external environment, the refractive index of the first prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer, and the first prism structure layer has a plurality of first rib structures protruding toward the first refractive structure layer;

[0017] The second focusing structure includes a second prism structure layer and a second refractive structure layer, the second refractive structure layer covers the side of the second prism structure layer away from the external environment, the refractive index of the second prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer, and the second prism structure layer has a plurality of second rib structures protruding toward the second refractive structure layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the first light focusing structure is provided on a side of the first substrate away from the first liquid crystal layer or / and on a side of the color film substrate away from the second liquid crystal layer;

[0019] The second light-condensing structure is disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the first liquid crystal layer or / and a side of the array substrate away from the second liquid crystal layer.

[0020] Further, the dimming box is stacked on the light-emitting side of the display liquid crystal box; or, the display liquid crystal box is stacked on the light-emitting side of the dimming box.

[0021] Furthermore, a first polarizer is provided between the dimming box and the display liquid crystal box, a second polarizer is provided on the side of the dimming box away from the display liquid crystal box, and a third polarizer is provided on the side of the display liquid crystal box away from the dimming box, the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel to each other, and the transmission axes of the third polarizer and the first polarizer are perpendicular to each other.

[0022] The present application also provides a display device, comprising the display panel with switchable viewing angle as described above.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0024] By setting at least two focusing structures in the display panel, multiple focusing effects are performed on the backlight, so that the backlight is more concentrated when it is emitted from the display panel, and then combined with the light collecting effect of the dimming box at a narrow viewing angle, the light collecting effect at a wide viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle is increased, and the anti-peeping effect at a narrow viewing angle is improved; therefore, there is no need to use a light-collecting backlight module, and only a lower-cost light-scattering backlight module can be used to achieve a better anti-peeping effect at a narrow viewing angle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1is a schematic structural diagram of the display device in the initial state in the first embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first prism structure layer in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first prism structure layer in another implementation manner of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing principle of the first focusing structure in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing principle of the second focusing structure in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid crystal display device in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing principle of the first focusing structure and the second focusing structure in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid crystal display device in the first embodiment of the utility model at a wide viewing angle;

[0033] Figure 9a-9e It is a structural schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of the focusing structure in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the initial state in the second embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the initial state in the third embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of the display device in the initial state in the fourth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Fig.13 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the display device in the initial state in the fifth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0038] Fig.14 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the display device in the initial state in the fifth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0039] Fig.15 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Fig.16 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0041] Fig.17 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Fig.18 This is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] Fig.19 It is one of the planar structural schematic diagrams of the display device in the utility model;

[0044] Fig. 20 This is the second schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the present invention, the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles proposed by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:

[0046] [Example 1]

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the initial state in the first embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first prism structure layer in the first embodiment of the utility model, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first prism structure layer in another implementation manner of the first embodiment of the utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing principle of the first focusing structure in the first embodiment of the utility model. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the focusing principle of the second focusing structure in the first embodiment of the utility model. Figures 1 to 5As shown, a display panel with switchable viewing angle provided by the first embodiment of the utility model includes a dimming box 10, a display liquid crystal box 30 and at least two focusing structures which are stacked on each other. The focusing structure includes a prism structure layer and a refractive structure layer. The refractive structure layer covers the prism structure layer. The refractive index of the prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the refractive structure layer. The focusing structure is used to converge the backlight. The dimming box 10 is used to control the display panel to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. The display liquid crystal box 30 is used to control the grayscale of the picture display, that is, the display liquid crystal box 30 can be an ordinary display panel, which can control the light intensity of each sub-pixel, thereby controlling the grayscale of the picture display. In this embodiment, the dimming box 10 is arranged on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the backlight module 50, that is, the dimming box 10 is stacked on the light emitting side of the display liquid crystal box 30.

[0048] The dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 arranged opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. A viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 is provided on the first substrate 11, and a viewing angle control electrode 121 is provided on the second substrate 12. The viewing angle control electrode 121 cooperates with the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111, and the voltage on the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is controlled to control the dimming box 10 to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. The viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the first substrate 11, and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the second substrate 12, so that the dimming box 10 can realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching on the entire surface at the same time.

[0049] The display liquid crystal box 30 includes a color filter substrate 31, an array substrate 32 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 31, and a second liquid crystal layer 33 located between the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32. In this embodiment, the color filter substrate 31 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 away from the backlight module 50, and the array substrate 32 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 facing the backlight module 50.

[0050] The present application sets at least two focusing structures in the display panel to perform multiple focusing effects on the backlight, so that the backlight is more concentrated when it is emitted from the display panel, and then cooperates with the dimming box 10 to achieve a light-collecting effect at a narrow viewing angle to increase the light-collecting effect at a wide viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle and improve the anti-peeping effect at a narrow viewing angle; therefore, there is no need to use a light-collecting backlight module, and only a lower-cost light-scattering backlight module is needed to achieve a better anti-peeping effect at a narrow viewing angle, thereby reducing the cost of the backlight module.

[0051] In this embodiment, the focusing structure includes a prism structure layer and a refractive structure layer stacked on each other, the prism structure layer has a plurality of rib structures protruding toward the refractive structure layer, and the difference in refractive index between the prism structure layer and the refractive structure layer is used to achieve the convergence of the backlight. Among them, the refractive index of the prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the refractive structure layer, the prism structure layer can be a high refractive index material, such as a high refractive index UV glue material, and the refractive structure layer is a flat layer of a low refractive index material, such as a low refractive index UV glue material, OCA glue material, photoresist material, OC and acrylate material. Optionally, the refractive index difference between the prism structure layer and the refractive structure layer is in the range of 0.15-0.4, the protrusion height of the rib structure is ≥10um, 10um≤the width of each rib structure≤the width of the sub-pixel in the display liquid crystal box 30, so as to achieve a better focusing effect on the backlight.

[0052] Furthermore, the plurality of light-concentrating structures include at least one first light-concentrating structure 21 and at least one second light-concentrating structure 22. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a first light-concentrating structure 21 is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13, and a second light-concentrating structure 22 is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13. Both the first light-concentrating structure 21 and the second light-concentrating structure 22 have a converging effect on the backlight, so as to converge the backlight twice, so as to increase the light collection effect under a wide viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the first light-concentrating structure 21 and / or the second light-concentrating structure 22 can also be increased according to actual needs.

[0053] The first light-concentrating structure 21 includes a first prism structure layer 211 and a first refractive structure layer 212. The first refractive structure layer 212 covers the side of the first prism structure layer 211 facing the external environment. The refractive index of the first prism structure layer 211 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer 212. The first prism structure layer 211 has a plurality of first rib structures protruding toward the first refractive structure layer 212, such as Figure 4 As shown, when light propagates from a denser medium to a less dense medium, the emitted light will be refracted and emitted away from the normal line, thereby achieving a focusing effect. The second focusing structure 22 includes a second prism structure layer 221 and a second refractive structure layer 222. The second refractive structure layer 222 covers the side of the second prism structure layer 221 away from the external environment. The refractive index of the second prism structure layer 221 is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer 222. The second prism structure layer 221 has a plurality of second rib structures protruding toward the second refractive structure layer 222, as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, the outgoing light will be refracted when it propagates from the optically sparse medium to the optically dense medium, and will be emitted close to the normal line, thereby playing a focusing role. Among them, the first prism structure layer 211 and the second prism structure layer 221 can both be high refractive index materials, such as high refractive index UV glue materials, and the first refractive structure layer 212 and the second refractive structure layer 222 are both flat layers of low refractive index materials, such as low refractive index UV glue materials, OCA glue materials, photoresist materials, OC and acrylate materials. The difference between the refractive index of the first prism structure layer 211 and the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer 212 is in the range of 0.15-0.4, and the difference between the refractive index of the second prism structure layer 221 and the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer 222 is in the range of 0.15-0.4, thereby ensuring a better focusing effect. Optionally, the first refractive structure layer 212 and the second refractive structure layer 222 are both made of OCA glue material, and the thickness of the OCA glue is 200-250um, so that there is no need to set glue bonding between the dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 30 and between the dimming box 10 and the second polarizer 42, so as to reduce film thickness and production cost.

[0054] The extension directions of the first rib structure and the second rib structure are parallel to each other, and the projection of the first rib structure on the second substrate 12 coincides with the second rib structure, so that when the backlight converged by the second refractive structure layer 222 is irradiated to the first rib structure, it is converged again by the first prism structure layer 211 to increase the light collection effect under a wide viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle.

[0055] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the first rib structure and the second rib structure are semicircular, arched, triangular or trapezoidal. Figure 2 In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the first rib structure and the second rib structure are both semi-cylindrical; of course, referring to Figure 3 The cross-sections of the first rib structure and the second rib structure are both triangular prisms. The protrusion height of the first rib structure and the second rib structure is ≥10um, and 10um≤the width of each rib structure (the first rib structure and the second rib structure)≤the width of the sub-pixel in the display liquid crystal box 30, so as to achieve a better focusing effect on the backlight.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 13 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, and the phase retardation of the positive liquid crystal molecules is preferably 800nm, and the optional range is 700nm < phase retardation < 1200nm. Figure 1As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 close to the first substrate 11 and the alignment direction close to the second substrate 12 are parallel to each other (positive parallel or reverse parallel), so that the dimming box 10 is in a wide viewing angle state in the initial state. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 can have a small initial pre-tilt angle, and the range of the initial pre-tilt angle can be less than or equal to 7 degrees, that is: 1°≦θ≦7°, so as to reduce the response time of the vertical deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, to reduce the response time of switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the first liquid crystal layer 13 can also use negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy. The negative liquid crystal molecules are tilted to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 for alignment, so that the dimming box 10 is in a narrow viewing angle state in the initial state.

[0057] In this embodiment, the second liquid crystal layer 33 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 33 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the color filter substrate 31 is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the array substrate 32. Of course, in other embodiments, the second liquid crystal layer 33 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy.

[0058] Among them, a color filter substrate 31 is provided with a color resist layer 312 and a black matrix (BM) 311 separating the color resist layer 312 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The color resist layer 312 includes, for example, three color resist materials of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), which respectively form red, green, and blue pixel units. The black matrix 311 is located between the red, green, and blue pixel units, so that adjacent pixel units are separated from each other by the black matrix 311.

[0059] The array substrate 32 is formed into a plurality of pixel units by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines which are insulated and crossed from each other on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The black matrix 311 corresponds to the scan lines and the data lines from top to bottom. A pixel electrode 322 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit. The pixel electrode 322 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate, an active layer, a drain and a source. The gate and the scan line are located in the same layer and are electrically connected. The gate and the active layer are separated by an insulating layer. The source is electrically connected to the data line. The drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 322 through a contact hole.

[0060] In this embodiment, a common electrode 321 is further provided on the side of the array substrate 32 facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 are located in different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 321 can be located above or below the pixel electrode 322 ( Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the common electrode 321 is located below the pixel electrode 322). Preferably, the common electrode 321 is a planar electrode arranged on the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 322 is a block electrode arranged in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode strips to form a fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 are located on the same layer, but the two are insulated and isolated from each other. The pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 can each include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 322 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 321 are arranged alternately to form an in-plane switching mode (In-Plane Switching, IPS); or, in other embodiments, the array substrate 32 is provided with a pixel electrode 322 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33, and the color filter substrate 31 is provided with a common electrode 321 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33 to form a TN mode or a VA mode. As for other introductions to the TN mode and the VA mode, please refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] Furthermore, a first polarizer 41 is provided between the dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 30, a second polarizer 42 is provided on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 30, a third polarizer 43 is provided on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the dimming box 10, the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 41 and the second polarizer 42 are parallel to each other, and the light transmission axes of the third polarizer 43 and the first polarizer 41 are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment, the first light-concentrating structure 21 is located between the first substrate 11 and the second polarizer 42, and the second light-concentrating structure 22 is located between the second substrate 12 and the first polarizer 41, so that the first light-concentrating structure 21 and the second light-concentrating structure 22 can be protected to a certain extent, and the first light-concentrating structure 21 and the second light-concentrating structure 22 can be prevented from being scratched.

[0062] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32 can be made of transparent substrates such as glass, acrylic and polycarbonate. The materials of the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111, the viewing angle control electrode 121, the common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 can be made of transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0063] The utility model also provides a display device, including the display panel as described above and a backlight module 50, wherein the backlight module 50 is located below the display panel and is used to provide a backlight source for the display panel. Since the display panel has a plurality of light-gathering structures for focusing the backlight, the backlight module 50 uses a low-cost diffuser backlight module, which can also achieve a better anti-peeping effect at a narrow viewing angle.

[0064] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid crystal display device in the first embodiment of the present utility model at a narrow viewing angle, Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the focusing principle of the first focusing structure and the second focusing structure in the first embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, at a narrow viewing angle, corresponding electrical signals are applied to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, and the voltage difference between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is greater than a preset value (e.g., 1-3V), so that a strong vertical electric field is formed between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 ( Figure 6 In the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are greatly deflected in the vertical direction and are in a tilted posture. At this time, the first liquid crystal layer 13 is in a light-collecting state at a large viewing angle (i.e., the brightness at a large viewing angle is reduced), the contrast at a large viewing angle is reduced, and the display device realizes a narrow viewing angle display. When displaying at a narrow viewing angle, since both the first light-collecting structure 21 and the second light-collecting structure 22 have a converging effect on the backlight, the backlight is converged twice to increase the light-collecting effect at a large viewing angle when the viewing angle is narrow.

[0065] When displaying at a narrow viewing angle, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 321, and a corresponding grayscale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 322, so that a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 and a horizontal electric field is generated ( Figure 6 In the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in the horizontal direction, thereby controlling the intensity of light passing through the second liquid crystal layer 23 to achieve grayscale display. The grayscale voltage includes 0 to 255 grayscale voltages. When different grayscale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 322, the pixel unit presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures under narrow viewing angles, so as to achieve normal display of the display device under narrow viewing angles.

[0066] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid crystal display device in the first embodiment of the present invention at a wide viewing angle. Figure 8As shown, at a wide viewing angle, no electrical signal or a small voltage (0.1-0.5V) is applied to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, and no or a weak vertical electric field is formed between the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 basically do not deflect in the vertical direction and maintain the initial lying posture. At this time, the display device achieves wide viewing angle display.

[0067] When displaying at a wide viewing angle, a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 321, and a corresponding grayscale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 322, so that a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 and a horizontal electric field is generated ( Figure 8 In the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in the horizontal direction, thereby controlling the intensity of light passing through the second liquid crystal layer 23 to achieve grayscale display. The grayscale voltage includes 0 to 255 grayscale voltages. When different grayscale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 322, the pixel unit presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures under a wide viewing angle, so as to achieve normal display of the display device under a wide viewing angle.

[0068] Figure 9a-9e Schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of the focusing structure in the first embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 9a-9e As shown, the manufacturing process of the light focusing structure in this embodiment is as follows:

[0069] like Figure 9a As shown, a substrate 1 is provided, and a first refractive material layer 2 is covered on the entire surface of the substrate 1. The substrate 1 can be made of materials such as glass, quartz, silicon, acrylic acid or polycarbonate, and the substrate 1 can also be a flexible substrate. Suitable materials for the flexible substrate include, for example, polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene (PE), polyimide (PI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a combination thereof. The first refractive material layer 2 can be made of a high refractive index material, such as a high refractive index UV glue material (acrylate) or OC material, and the film thickness is required to be ≥10um.

[0070] like Figure 9b-9d As shown, an imprinting mold 3 having a pattern is provided, and the imprinting mold 3 has protrusions and grooves corresponding to the rib structure. The first refractive material layer 2 is imprinted using the imprinting mold 3. After imprinting, the first refractive material layer 2 is solidified to form a first prism structure layer 211 or a second prism structure layer 221 having a plurality of rib structures, and then the imprinting mold 3 is peeled off.

[0071] like Fig.9eAs shown, a second refractive material layer covers the entire surface of the embossed first refractive material layer 2, and the second refractive material layer is a flat layer of low refractive index material, such as UV glue material or photoresist material of low refractive index material, thereby forming a first refractive structure layer 212 or a second refractive structure layer 222.

[0072] [Example 2]

[0073] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the initial state in the second embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.10 As shown, the display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles provided in the second embodiment of the present invention are different from those in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 ) are substantially the same, except that, in this embodiment:

[0074] The dimming box 10 is disposed on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 facing the backlight module 50, that is, the display liquid crystal box 30 is stacked on the light-emitting side of the dimming box 10. The first light-concentrating structure 21 is located between the first substrate 11 and the first polarizer 41, and the second light-concentrating structure 22 is located between the second substrate 12 and the second polarizer 42, so that the first light-concentrating structure 21 and the second light-concentrating structure 22 can be protected to a certain extent to prevent the first light-concentrating structure 21 and the second light-concentrating structure 22 from being scratched.

[0075] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0076] [Example 3]

[0077] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the initial state in the third embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.11 As shown, the display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles provided in the third embodiment of the present invention are different from those in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 )、Example 2 ( Fig.10 ) are substantially the same, except that, in this embodiment:

[0078] The color filter substrate 31 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 close to the backlight module 50 , and the array substrate 32 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 away from the backlight module 50 .

[0079] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and will not be described in detail here.

[0080] [Example 4]

[0081] Fig.12Schematic diagram of the structure of the display device in the fourth embodiment of the present utility model in the initial state. Fig.12 As shown, a display panel with switchable viewing angle provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a dimming box 10, a display liquid crystal box 30 and at least two focusing structures which are stacked on each other. The focusing structure is used to converge the backlight. The dimming box 10 is used to control the display panel to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. The display liquid crystal box 30 is used to control the grayscale of the picture display, that is, the display liquid crystal box 30 can be an ordinary display panel, which can control the light intensity of each sub-pixel, thereby controlling the grayscale of the picture display. In this embodiment, the dimming box 10 is arranged on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the backlight module 50, that is, the dimming box 10 is stacked on the light-emitting side of the display liquid crystal box 30. Of course, the dimming box 10 can also be arranged on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 facing the backlight module 50.

[0082] The dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 arranged opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. A viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 is provided on the first substrate 11, and a viewing angle control electrode 121 is provided on the second substrate 12. The viewing angle control electrode 121 cooperates with the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111, and the voltage on the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is controlled to control the dimming box 10 to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. The viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the first substrate 11, and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the second substrate 12, so that the dimming box 10 can realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching on the entire surface at the same time.

[0083] The display liquid crystal box 30 includes a color filter substrate 31, an array substrate 32 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 31, and a second liquid crystal layer 33 located between the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32. In this embodiment, the color filter substrate 31 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 away from the backlight module 50, and the array substrate 32 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 facing the backlight module 50. Of course, in other embodiments, the color filter substrate 31 may also be disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 close to the backlight module 50, and the array substrate 32 may be disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 away from the backlight module 50.

[0084] The focusing structure is a first focusing structure 21, which includes a first prism structure layer 211 and a first refractive structure layer 212. The first refractive structure layer 212 covers the side of the first prism structure layer 211 facing the external environment. The refractive index of the first prism structure layer 211 is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer 212. The first prism structure layer 211 has a plurality of first rib structures protruding toward the first refractive structure layer 212. The first prism structure layer 211 can be a high refractive index material, such as a high refractive index UV glue material, and the first refractive structure layer 212 is a flat layer of a low refractive index material, such as a low refractive index UV glue material, OCA glue material, photoresist material, OC and acrylate material. The difference between the refractive index of the first prism structure layer 211 and the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer 212 is in the range of 0.15-0.4. The outgoing light propagates from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium and is refracted and emitted away from the normal, thereby playing a focusing role.

[0085] Furthermore, the first substrate 11 is provided with a first light-gathering structure 21 on the side away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the color filter substrate 31 is provided with a first light-gathering structure 21 on the side away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the color filter substrate 31 is provided with a first light-gathering structure 21 on the side away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, that is, two first light-gathering structures 21 are used to converge the backlight twice, so as to increase the light-gathering effect under a wide viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of first light-gathering structures 21 can also be increased according to actual needs.

[0086] Furthermore, the cross-section of the first rib structure is semicircular, arched, triangular or trapezoidal, the protrusion height of the first rib structure is ≥10um, 10um≤the width of each first rib structure≤the width of the sub-pixel in the display liquid crystal box 30, thereby achieving a better focusing effect on the backlight.

[0087] In this embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 13 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, and the phase retardation of the positive liquid crystal molecules is preferably 800nm, and the optional range is 700nm < phase retardation < 1200nm. Fig.12As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 close to the first substrate 11 and the alignment direction close to the second substrate 12 are parallel to each other (positive parallel or reverse parallel), so that the dimming box 10 is in a wide viewing angle state in the initial state. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 can have a small initial pre-tilt angle, and the range of the initial pre-tilt angle can be less than or equal to 7 degrees, that is: 1°≦θ≦7°, so as to reduce the response time of the vertical deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, to reduce the response time of switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the first liquid crystal layer 13 can also use negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy. The negative liquid crystal molecules are tilted to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 for alignment, so that the dimming box 10 is in a narrow viewing angle state in the initial state.

[0088] In this embodiment, the second liquid crystal layer 33 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, such as Fig.12 As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 33 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the color filter substrate 31 is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the array substrate 32. Of course, in other embodiments, the second liquid crystal layer 33 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy.

[0089] Among them, a color filter substrate 31 is provided with a color resist layer 312 and a black matrix (BM) 311 separating the color resist layer 312 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The color resist layer 312 includes, for example, three color resist materials of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), which respectively form red, green, and blue pixel units. The black matrix 311 is located between the red, green, and blue pixel units, so that adjacent pixel units are separated from each other by the black matrix 311.

[0090] The array substrate 32 is formed into a plurality of pixel units by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines which are insulated and crossed from each other on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The black matrix 311 corresponds to the scan lines and the data lines from top to bottom. A pixel electrode 322 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit. The pixel electrode 322 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate, an active layer, a drain and a source. The gate and the scan line are located in the same layer and are electrically connected. The gate and the active layer are separated by an insulating layer. The source is electrically connected to the data line. The drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 322 through a contact hole.

[0091] In this embodiment, a common electrode 321 is further provided on the side of the array substrate 32 facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 are located in different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 321 can be located above or below the pixel electrode 322 ( Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the common electrode 321 is located below the pixel electrode 322). Preferably, the common electrode 321 is a planar electrode arranged on the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 322 is a block electrode arranged in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode strips to form a fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 are located on the same layer, but the two are insulated and isolated from each other. The pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 can each include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 322 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 321 are arranged alternately to form an in-plane switching mode (In-Plane Switching, IPS); or, in other embodiments, the array substrate 32 is provided with a pixel electrode 322 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33, and the color filter substrate 31 is provided with a common electrode 321 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33 to form a TN mode or a VA mode. As for other introductions to the TN mode and the VA mode, please refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0092] Furthermore, a first polarizer 41 is provided between the dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 30, a second polarizer 42 is provided on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 30, a third polarizer 43 is provided on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the dimming box 10, the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 41 and the second polarizer 42 are parallel to each other, and the light transmission axes of the third polarizer 43 and the first polarizer 41 are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment, one of the first light-concentrating structures 21 is located between the first substrate 11 and the second polarizer 42, and the other first light-concentrating structure 21 is located between the color film substrate 31 and the first polarizer 41, so that the first light-concentrating structure 21 can be protected to a certain extent to prevent the first light-concentrating structure 21 from being scratched.

[0093] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32 can be made of transparent substrates such as glass, acrylic and polycarbonate. The materials of the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111, the viewing angle control electrode 121, the common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 can be made of transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0094] The utility model also provides a display device, including the display panel as described above and a backlight module 50, wherein the backlight module 50 is located below the display panel and is used to provide a backlight source for the display panel. Since the display panel has a plurality of light-gathering structures for focusing the backlight, the backlight module 50 uses a low-cost diffuser backlight module, which can also achieve a better anti-peeping effect at a narrow viewing angle.

[0095] [Example 5]

[0096] Fig.13 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the display device in the initial state in the fifth embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.14 This is the second structural diagram of the display device in the initial state in the fifth embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, a display panel with switchable viewing angle provided by Embodiment 5 of the present invention includes a dimming box 10, a display liquid crystal box 30 and at least two focusing structures which are stacked on each other. The focusing structure is used to converge the backlight. The dimming box 10 is used to control the display panel to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. The display liquid crystal box 30 is used to control the grayscale of the picture display, that is, the display liquid crystal box 30 can be an ordinary display panel, which can control the light intensity of each sub-pixel, thereby controlling the grayscale of the picture display. In this embodiment, the dimming box 10 is arranged on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the backlight module 50, that is, the dimming box 10 is stacked on the light-emitting side of the display liquid crystal box 30. Of course, the dimming box 10 can also be arranged on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 facing the backlight module 50.

[0097] The dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 arranged opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 located between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. A viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 is provided on the first substrate 11, and a viewing angle control electrode 121 is provided on the second substrate 12. The viewing angle control electrode 121 cooperates with the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111, and the voltage on the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is controlled to control the dimming box 10 to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. The viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the first substrate 11, and the viewing angle control electrode 121 is a planar electrode that covers the entire surface of the second substrate 12, so that the dimming box 10 can realize wide and narrow viewing angle switching on the entire surface at the same time.

[0098] The display liquid crystal box 30 includes a color filter substrate 31, an array substrate 32 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 31, and a second liquid crystal layer 33 located between the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32. In this embodiment, the color filter substrate 31 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 away from the backlight module 50, and the array substrate 32 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 facing the backlight module 50. Of course, in other embodiments, the color filter substrate 31 may also be disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 close to the backlight module 50, and the array substrate 32 may be disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 33 away from the backlight module 50.

[0099] The focusing structure is a second focusing structure 22, which includes a second prism structure layer 221 and a second refractive structure layer 222. The second refractive structure layer 222 covers the side of the second prism structure layer 221 away from the external environment. The refractive index of the second prism structure layer 221 is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer 222. The second prism structure layer 221 has a plurality of second rib structures protruding toward the second refractive structure layer 222. Among them, the second prism structure layer 221 can be a high refractive index material, such as a high refractive index UV glue material, and the second refractive structure layer 222 is a flat layer of a low refractive index material, such as a low refractive index UV glue material, OCA glue material, photoresist material, OC and acrylate material. The difference between the refractive index of the second prism structure layer 221 and the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer 222 is in the range of 0.15-0.4. When light propagates from a light-sparse medium to a light-dense medium, the outgoing light will be refracted and emitted close to the normal, thereby playing a focusing role.

[0100] like Fig.13 As shown, the second light-collecting structure 22 is provided on the side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33. By providing the second light-collecting structure 22 on the side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, that is, using two second light-collecting structures 22 to collect the backlight twice, the light collecting effect under a wide viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle is increased.

[0101] In another embodiment, if Fig.14As shown, the display panel includes a cover plate 44, which is arranged on the side of the display panel close to the external environment. In this embodiment, the cover plate 44 is arranged on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 30. The side of the cover plate 44 away from the external environment and the side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 are both provided with a second light-concentrating structure 22. By providing the second light-concentrating structure 22 on the side of the cover plate 44 away from the external environment and the side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13, the backlight is converged twice by using two second light-concentrating structures 22 to increase the light collection effect under a wide viewing angle at a narrow viewing angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the side of the cover plate 44 away from the external environment and the side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33 are both provided with a second light-concentrating structure 22; or, the side of the cover plate 44 away from the external environment, the side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33 are all provided with a second light-concentrating structure 22, and the number of the second light-concentrating structures 22 can be increased according to actual needs.

[0102] Furthermore, the cross-section of the second rib structure is semicircular, arched, triangular or trapezoidal, the protrusion height of the second rib structure is ≥10um, 10um≤the width of each second rib structure≤the width of the sub-pixel in the display liquid crystal box 30, thereby achieving a better focusing effect on the backlight.

[0103] In this embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 13 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, and the phase retardation of the positive liquid crystal molecules is preferably 800nm, and the optional range is 700nm < phase retardation < 1200nm. Fig.13 As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 close to the first substrate 11 and the alignment direction close to the second substrate 12 are parallel to each other (positive parallel or reverse parallel), so that the dimming box 10 is in a wide viewing angle state in the initial state. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 can have a small initial pre-tilt angle, and the range of the initial pre-tilt angle can be less than or equal to 7 degrees, that is: 1°≦θ≦7°, so as to reduce the response time of the vertical deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, to reduce the response time of switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle. Of course, in other embodiments, the first liquid crystal layer 13 can also use negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy. The negative liquid crystal molecules are tilted to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 for alignment, so that the dimming box 10 is in a narrow viewing angle state in the initial state.

[0104] In this embodiment, the second liquid crystal layer 33 uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, such as Fig.13As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 33 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the color filter substrate 31 is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the array substrate 32. Of course, in other embodiments, the second liquid crystal layer 33 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with negative dielectric anisotropy.

[0105] Among them, a color filter substrate 31 is provided with a color resist layer 312 and a black matrix (BM) 311 separating the color resist layer 312 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The color resist layer 312 includes, for example, three color resist materials of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), which respectively form red, green, and blue pixel units. The black matrix 311 is located between the red, green, and blue pixel units, so that adjacent pixel units are separated from each other by the black matrix 311.

[0106] The array substrate 32 is formed into a plurality of pixel units by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines which are insulated and crossed from each other on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The black matrix 311 corresponds to the scan lines and the data lines from top to bottom. A pixel electrode 322 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit. The pixel electrode 322 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate, an active layer, a drain and a source. The gate and the scan line are located in the same layer and are electrically connected. The gate and the active layer are separated by an insulating layer. The source is electrically connected to the data line. The drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 322 through a contact hole.

[0107] In this embodiment, a common electrode 321 is further provided on the side of the array substrate 32 facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 are located in different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 321 can be located above or below the pixel electrode 322 ( Fig.13As shown in the figure, the common electrode 321 is located below the pixel electrode 322). Preferably, the common electrode 321 is a planar electrode arranged on the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 322 is a block electrode arranged in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode strips to form a fringe field switching mode (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 are located on the same layer, but the two are insulated and isolated from each other. The pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 can each include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 322 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 321 are arranged alternately to form an in-plane switching mode (In-Plane Switching, IPS); or, in other embodiments, the array substrate 32 is provided with a pixel electrode 322 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33, and the color filter substrate 31 is provided with a common electrode 321 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33 to form a TN mode or a VA mode. As for other introductions to the TN mode and the VA mode, please refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] Furthermore, a first polarizer 41 is provided between the dimming box 10 and the display liquid crystal box 30, a second polarizer 42 is provided on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 30, a third polarizer 43 is provided on the side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the dimming box 10, the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 41 and the second polarizer 42 are parallel to each other, and the light transmission axes of the third polarizer 43 and the first polarizer 41 are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment, one of the second light-concentrating structures 22 is located between the second substrate 12 and the first polarizer 41, and the other second light-concentrating structure 22 is located between the array substrate 32 and the third polarizer 43, so that the second light-concentrating structure 22 can be protected to a certain extent and prevented from being scratched.

[0109] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32 can be made of transparent substrates such as glass, acrylic and polycarbonate. The materials of the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111, the viewing angle control electrode 121, the common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 can be made of transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0110] The utility model also provides a display device, including the display panel as described above and a backlight module 50, wherein the backlight module 50 is located below the display panel and is used to provide a backlight source for the display panel. Since the display panel has a plurality of light-gathering structures for focusing the backlight, the backlight module 50 uses a low-cost diffuser backlight module, which can also achieve a better anti-peeping effect at a narrow viewing angle.

[0111] [Example 6]

[0112] Fig.15 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.16 This is the second structural diagram of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.17 This is the third structural diagram of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model. Fig.18 This is the fourth structural diagram of the display device in the initial state in the sixth embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 15-18 As shown, the display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention are different from those in the first embodiment ( Figures 1 to 8 )、Example 2 ( Fig.10 )、Example 3 ( Fig.11 ) are substantially the same, except that, in this embodiment:

[0113] A first light-collecting structure 21 is provided on a side of the first substrate 11 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 or / and a side of the color filter substrate 31 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33; a second light-collecting structure 22 is provided on a side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 or / and a side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33. Fig.15 As shown, the first light-concentrating structure 21 may be provided on the side of the color filter substrate 31 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, and the second light-concentrating structure 22 may be provided on the side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 13. Fig.16 As shown, the first substrate 11 may be provided with a first light-concentrating structure 21 on a side away from the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the array substrate 32 may be provided with a second light-concentrating structure 22 on a side away from the second liquid crystal layer 33. Fig.17 As shown, the first light-concentrating structure 21 may be provided on the side of the color filter substrate 31 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, and the second light-concentrating structure 22 may be provided on the side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33. Fig.18 As shown, the first substrate 11 on the side away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the color filter substrate 31 on the side away from the second liquid crystal layer 33 may be provided with the first light-concentrating structure 21, and the second substrate 12 on the side away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the array substrate 32 on the side away from the second liquid crystal layer 33 may be provided with the second light-concentrating structure 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the first substrate 11 on the side away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 or / and the color filter substrate 31 on the side away from the second liquid crystal layer 33 may be provided with the first light-concentrating structure 21, and the second substrate 12 on the side away from the first liquid crystal layer 13 or / and the array substrate 32 on the side away from the second liquid crystal layer 33 may be provided with the second light-concentrating structure 22 according to actual needs to meet the demand for light-concentrating effect.

[0114] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and working principle of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3, and will not be described in detail here.

[0115] Fig.19 and Fig. 20 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in the embodiment of the utility model. Fig.19 and Fig. 20 The display device is provided with a viewing angle switching button 60 for the user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The viewing angle switching button 60 may be a physical button (such as Fig.19 As shown), it can also be a software control or application (APP) to implement the switching function (such as Fig. 20 As shown, for example, a wide and narrow viewing angle is set by a sliding bar). When the user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, the user can send a viewing angle switching request to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching button 60, and finally the driving chip 70 controls the electrical signal applied to the viewing angle auxiliary electrode 111 and the viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the display device can realize the switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle. When switching to a wide viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the wide-angle mode, and when switching to a narrow viewing angle, the driving method thereof adopts the driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode. Therefore, the display device of the embodiment of the utility model has strong operational flexibility and convenience, and achieves a multifunctional display device integrating entertainment video and privacy.

[0116] In this document, the directional words such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, just for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second" used in this document are only used to distinguish names and are not used to limit quantity and order.

[0117] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which are equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display panel with switchable viewing angle, characterized in that: It comprises a dimming box (10), a display liquid crystal box (30) and at least two light-gathering structures which are stacked on each other, wherein the light-gathering structures are used to gather backlight rays; The dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), and a first liquid crystal layer (13) located between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12); a viewing angle auxiliary electrode (111) is provided on the first substrate (11); a viewing angle control electrode (121) is provided on the second substrate (12); the viewing angle control electrode (121) cooperates with the viewing angle auxiliary electrode (111); The display liquid crystal box (30) comprises a color film substrate (31), an array substrate (32) arranged opposite to the color film substrate (31), and a second liquid crystal layer (33) located between the color film substrate (31) and the array substrate (32); The light-condensing structure comprises a prism structure layer and a refractive structure layer, wherein the refractive structure layer covers the prism structure layer, and the refractive index of the prism structure layer is greater than the refractive index of the refractive structure layer.

2. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-concentrating structure is a first light-concentrating structure (21), the first light-concentrating structure (21) comprising a first prism structure layer (211) and a first refractive structure layer (212), the first refractive structure layer (212) covering a side of the first prism structure layer (211) facing the external environment, the refractive index of the first prism structure layer (211) being greater than the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer (212), and the first prism structure layer (211) having a plurality of first rib structures protruding toward the first refractive structure layer (212).

3. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first light focusing structure (21) is provided on a side of the first substrate (11) away from the first liquid crystal layer (13) and on a side of the color film substrate (31) away from the second liquid crystal layer (33).

4. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-concentrating structure is a second light-concentrating structure (22), the second light-concentrating structure (22) comprising a second prism structure layer (221) and a second refractive structure layer (222), the second refractive structure layer (222) covering a side of the second prism structure layer (221) away from an external environment, the refractive index of the second prism structure layer (221) being greater than the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer (222), and the second prism structure layer (221) having a plurality of second rib structures protruding toward the second refractive structure layer (222).

5. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second light focusing structure (22) is provided on a side of the second substrate (12) away from the first liquid crystal layer (13) and on a side of the array substrate (32) away from the second liquid crystal layer (33).

6. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The display panel comprises a cover plate (44), wherein the cover plate (44) is arranged on a side of the display panel close to an external environment, and a side of the cover plate (44) away from the external environment and a side of the second substrate (12) away from the first liquid crystal layer (13) are both provided with the second light-focusing structure (22), or a side of the cover plate (44) away from the external environment and a side of the array substrate (32) away from the second liquid crystal layer (33) are both provided with the second light-focusing structure (22).

7. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of light-concentrating structures include at least one first light-concentrating structure (21) and at least one second light-concentrating structure (22); The first light-concentrating structure (21) comprises a first prism structure layer (211) and a first refractive structure layer (212); the first refractive structure layer (212) covers a side of the first prism structure layer (211) facing the external environment; the refractive index of the first prism structure layer (211) is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive structure layer (212); and the first prism structure layer (211) has a plurality of first rib structures protruding toward the first refractive structure layer (212); The second light-focusing structure (22) comprises a second prism structure layer (221) and a second refractive structure layer (222); the second refractive structure layer (222) covers a side of the second prism structure layer (221) away from the external environment; the refractive index of the second prism structure layer (221) is greater than the refractive index of the second refractive structure layer (222); and the second prism structure layer (221) has a plurality of second rib structures protruding toward the second refractive structure layer (222).

8. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first light focusing structure (21) is provided on a side of the first substrate (11) away from the first liquid crystal layer (13) or / and on a side of the color film substrate (31) away from the second liquid crystal layer (33); The second light focusing structure (22) is provided on a side of the second substrate (12) away from the first liquid crystal layer (13) or / and on a side of the array substrate (32) away from the second liquid crystal layer (33).

9. The display panel with switchable viewing angle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A first polarizer (41) is provided between the dimming box (10) and the display liquid crystal box (30); a second polarizer (42) is provided on a side of the dimming box (10) away from the display liquid crystal box (30); a third polarizer (43) is provided on a side of the display liquid crystal box (30) away from the dimming box (10); the light transmission axes of the first polarizer (41) and the second polarizer (42) are parallel to each other, and the light transmission axes of the third polarizer (43) and the first polarizer (41) are perpendicular to each other.

10. A display device, characterized in that: It comprises a display panel with switchable viewing angle as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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