Safety component, battery device and electric equipment
By setting the heat absorbing component of the phase change layer in the accommodation space of the MSD, the problem of excessive temperature due to poor heat dissipation of the fuse component is solved, and the effect of reducing temperature, extending service life and improving reliability is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520362792.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-04
AI Technical Summary
The MSD heats up during operation, resulting in the temperature of the fuse component being too high, mainly because it cannot effectively dissipate heat in the enclosed space.
A heat absorbing member with a phase change layer is provided in the accommodation space, and the phase change layer is thermally connected to the fuse member to absorb the heat generated when the fuse member is working.
It effectively reduces the working temperature of the fuse components, extends its service life, improves the reliability and stability of the fuse components, and enables it to continuously and efficiently play the role of short-circuit protection in application scenarios such as new energy vehicles.
Smart Images
Figure CN222914723U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly relates to a fuse component, a battery device and an electrical equipment. Background Art
[0002] In a battery system in application scenarios such as new energy vehicles, an MSD (abbreviation for Manual Service Disconnect, hereinafter referred to as a manual service switch) is an important component installed on a power battery. It not only has a protection effect on short circuits, but also can be used to quickly disconnect high-voltage current in situations such as vehicle maintenance, providing safety assurance for the maintenance of the electric vehicle power system, playing a role in short-circuit protection, and ensuring the safety of personnel and vehicles during the maintenance process. The current problem is that the MSD generates heat during operation. Since the fusing component of the MSD is in a closed space, it cannot dissipate heat effectively, resulting in the problem of excessive temperature of the fusing component. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a fuse component, which uses a phase change material to absorb the heat generated by the fusing component during operation, and can reduce the temperature of the fusing component during operation.
[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fuse component, including:
[0005] A housing, the interior of the housing having a closed accommodation space;
[0006] A fusing component, located in the accommodation space;
[0007] A heat absorbing component, located in the accommodation space, the heat absorbing component having a phase change layer, the phase change layer being thermally connected to the fusing component, and the phase change layer being used to absorb the heat generated by the fusing component during operation.
[0008] By providing a heat absorbing component with a phase change layer in the accommodation space, and the phase change layer being thermally connected to the fusing component, the heat generated by the fusing component during operation can be absorbed by the phase change layer in time, solving the problem of excessive temperature of the fusing component caused by poor heat dissipation; reducing the operating temperature of the fusing component, helping to extend the service life of the fusing component, helping to improve the reliability and stability of the entire fuse component, and enabling the fuse component to continuously and efficiently play roles such as short-circuit protection in application scenarios such as new energy vehicles.
[0009] In some embodiments, the heat absorbing component further includes a heat conducting member, the heat conducting member being located on one side of the fusing component and being thermally connected to the fusing component, and a groove being provided on the side of the heat conducting member facing away from the fusing component, and the groove being filled with a phase change layer.
[0010] The fusing component transfers heat to the phase change layer in a heat transfer manner through a heat conducting member, which can make the phase change layer absorb heat more uniformly, so as to give full play to the heat absorption property of the phase change layer. When the fusing component needs to be replaced, it can reduce the possibility that the phase change layer adheres to the fusing component and additional phase change layer needs to be filled. Moreover, the setting of the groove can more conveniently control the thickness of the phase change layer.
[0011] In some embodiments, the insurance component further includes a separator located in the groove. The separator divides the groove into at least two accommodation units, and a phase change layer is provided in each accommodation unit.
[0012] In actual operation, the temperature distribution on the surface of the fusing component is not completely uniform, and there are differences in the heat generation of different regions. The design of multiple accommodation units enables the phase change material in each accommodation unit to independently undergo a phase change according to the local temperature change of its own position. When the temperature of a certain area is relatively high, the phase change material in the corresponding accommodation unit absorbs heat and preferentially undergoes a phase change; while the phase change material in the area with a lower temperature changes accordingly according to its own temperature situation, so as to reduce the possibility that the phase change of the phase change layer flows between different regions of the groove and causes uneven distribution of the phase change layer, thereby enabling the phase change layer to absorb heat more uniformly.
[0013] In some embodiments, the separator abuts against or is connected to the bottom wall of the groove.
[0014] When the phase change layer undergoes a phase change and turns into a liquid, the separator abutting against or being connected to the bottom wall of the groove can prevent the phase change layers in different accommodation units from flowing into each other, so as to improve the uniformity of the phase change layer distribution.
[0015] In some embodiments, at least two accommodation units are arranged along a first direction, and the arrangement directions of the fusing component and the heat absorbing component intersect with the first direction.
[0016] Thus, the groove can be divided into multiple independent heat absorbing regions (accommodation units) arranged along the first direction, so that the phase change material in each accommodation unit can independently undergo a phase change according to the local temperature change of its own position, so as to reduce the situation that the thickness distribution of the phase change layer in different regions is uneven due to different sequence of phase change of the phase change layer, thereby enabling the phase change layer to absorb heat more uniformly.
[0017] In some embodiments, at least two accommodation units are arranged along a second direction, the second direction intersects with the first direction, the arrangement direction of the fusing component and the heat absorbing component is a third direction, and the plane where the second direction and the first direction are located intersects with the third direction.
[0018] Thus, the groove can be further divided into multiple heat absorption regions (accommodating units), enabling the phase change material in each accommodating unit to independently undergo a phase change according to the local temperature change at its location, so as to reduce the uneven thickness distribution of the phase change layer in different regions caused by the different sequence of phase changes in the phase change layer, thereby making the heat absorption of the phase change layer more uniform.
[0019] In some embodiments, the insurance component further includes a seal. The housing has a first wall body, the first wall body is arranged facing the notch of the groove, and the first wall body is in sealed cooperation with the heat conducting member through the seal.
[0020] When the phase change layer undergoes a phase change and is converted into a gas or a liquid, the possibility of its leakage can be reduced, enabling the phase change layer to operate stably.
[0021] In some embodiments, a seal groove is provided on the side of the heat conducting member facing the first wall body, and the seal is located in the seal groove.
[0022] The provision of the seal groove facilitates the assembly of the seal, increases the sealing mating surface of the seal, improves the sealing performance, reduces the possibility of its leakage, and enables the phase change layer to operate stably.
[0023] In some embodiments, the housing includes an outer shell and a shell cover. The interior of the outer shell has an accommodation space. An opening communicating with the accommodation space is provided on one side of the outer shell. The shell cover is disposed on the opening and connected to the outer shell. The shell cover constructs the first wall body, and the notch of the groove faces the shell cover.
[0024] Thus, the disassembly of the heat absorption component can be facilitated. Especially when it is necessary to replace or supplement the phase change layer, the shell cover can be opened and added to the groove, which is convenient for later maintenance.
[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery device, including the insurance component of the first aspect.
[0026] Since the battery device includes all the technical features of the insurance component, the effects are the same as those described above and will not be elaborated here.
[0027] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electrical equipment, including the battery device of the second aspect. The battery device is used to supply electrical energy to the electrical equipment.
[0028] Since the electrical equipment includes all the technical features of the battery device, the effects are the same as those described above and will not be elaborated here.
[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application are specifically given below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] Upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present application. Moreover, in all the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:
[0031] Figure 1 is an exploded view of an insurance component according to the first embodiment of the present application;
[0032] Figure 2 is an exploded view of an insurance component according to the second embodiment of the present application;
[0033] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of an electrical equipment being a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0034] The reference numerals in the specific embodiments are as follows:
[0035] 1000, vehicle; 200, controller; 300, motor;
[0036] 100, battery device;
[0037] 110, insurance component;
[0038] 10, housing; 11, outer shell; 12, shell cover;
[0039] 20, fusing component;
[0040] 30, heat absorption component; 31, heat conducting member; 311, groove; 312, sealing groove; 32, phase change layer;
[0041] 40, seal;
[0042] 50, separator;
[0043] X, first direction; Y, second direction; Z, third direction. Specific Embodiments
[0044] Hereinafter, embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application more clearly, and thus are only examples and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0046] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0047] Reference to "an embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment at every occurrence in the specification, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0048] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the associated relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.
[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "a plurality of" means more than two (including two). Similarly, "a plurality of groups" means more than two groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" means more than two pieces (including two pieces).
[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of this application.
[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0052] When the MSD is working, since the fusing component of the MSD is in a closed space and cannot dissipate heat effectively, the MSD may be prone to fusing due to excessive temperature, which affects the stability and reliability of the MSD's operation.
[0053] In view of this, the present application provides an insurance component. By arranging an endothermic component with a phase change layer in the accommodation space, and the phase change layer is thermally connected to the fusing component, the heat generated during the operation of the fusing component can be absorbed by the phase change layer in time, solving the problem of excessive temperature of the fusing component caused by poor heat dissipation; reducing the operating temperature of the fusing component, which helps to extend the service life of the fusing component, helps to improve the reliability and stability of the entire insurance component, and enables the insurance component to continuously and efficiently play roles such as short-circuit protection in application scenarios such as new energy vehicles.
[0054] The battery device (Battery Apparatus) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly (Battery Cell Assembly) may include a plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid connection through a busbar component.
[0055] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly (Battery Cell Assembly) is usually formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells.
[0056] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module (Battery Module), and the battery module is formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of battery cells to form an independent module. As an example, the battery module can be formed by bundling a plurality of battery cells with cable ties.
[0057] In some embodiments, the battery device can be a battery pack (battery Pack), and the battery pack includes a box body and one or more battery cell assemblies, and the battery cell assemblies are accommodated in the box body.
[0058] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly can be accommodated in the box body by fixing the battery module in the box body.
[0059] As an example, the battery cell assembly can also be accommodated in the box body by directly fixing a plurality of battery cells to the box body.
[0060] As an example, the box body can include a first box body and a second box body. The first box body and the second box body are snapped together to accommodate the battery cell assembly.
[0061] As an example, the box body can include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that a closed space is formed inside the box body to accommodate the battery cell assembly.
[0062] In some embodiments, the box body can be part of the chassis structure of a vehicle. For example, part of the box body can become at least part of the bottom plate of the vehicle, or part of the box body can become at least part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.
[0063] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various electrical equipment using battery devices, such as battery-powered vehicles, vehicles, ships, and spacecrafts, etc. For example, spacecrafts include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spaceships, etc.
[0064] In some embodiments, the battery cell can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can activate the active material through charging after discharging.
[0065] The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a magnesium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
[0066] The battery cell generally includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, and the separator is disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell, active ions such as lithium ions are embedded and extracted back and forth between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which can prevent the short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes and at the same time allow the active ions to pass through.
[0067] In some embodiments, the positive electrode can be a positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode plate can include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.
[0068] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite to each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material is disposed on any one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.
[0069] As an example, the positive electrode current collector can be made of a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, pure metals, alloys, and metals with surface treatment can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, or silver, etc. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming metal materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy on a polymer material substrate such as polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.
[0070] As an example, the positive electrode active material can include at least one of the following materials: lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as battery positive electrode active materials can also be used. These positive electrode active materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, examples of lithium-containing phosphates can include but not limited to lithium iron phosphate such as LiFePO 4 It can also be abbreviated as LFP, a composite material of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate such as LiMnPO 4 , a composite material of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and at least one of a composite material of lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon. Examples of lithium transition metal oxides can include but not limited to lithium cobalt oxide such as LiCoO 2 , lithium nickel oxide such as LiNiO 2 , lithium manganese oxide such as LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide such as LiNi 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O 2 It can also be abbreviated as NCM 333 , LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 It can also be abbreviated as NCM 523 , LiNi 0.5 Co 0.25 Mn 0.25 O 2 It can also be abbreviated as NCM 211 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 It can also be abbreviated as NCM 622 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn0.1 O 2 It can also be referred to as NCM 811 , lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide such as LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 and at least one of its modified compounds. The modified compound refers to a substance obtained by modifying the above substances by means of doping or coating.
[0071] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a foamed metal. The foamed metal may be a foamed nickel, a foamed copper, a foamed aluminum, a foamed alloy, or a foamed carbon. When the foamed metal is used as the positive electrode, the positive electrode active material may not be disposed on the surface of the foamed metal, but of course, the positive electrode active material may also be disposed. As an example, the positive electrode active material is filled and / or deposited in the foamed metal.
[0072] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.
[0073] As an example, the negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, a pure metal, an alloy, a surface-treated metal may be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy on a polymer material substrate such as polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.
[0074] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.
[0075] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces facing each other in its thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two facing surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.
[0076] As an example, the negative electrode active material can be the negative electrode active material for battery cells known in the art. As an example, the negative electrode active material can include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. The silicon-based materials can be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxides, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. The tin-based materials can be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxides, and tin alloys. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as the negative electrode active material of battery cells can also be used. These negative electrode active materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0077] In some embodiments, the negative electrode can be made of foam metal. The foam metal can be foam nickel, foam copper, foam aluminum, foam alloy, or foam carbon, etc. When the foam metal is used as the negative electrode sheet, the negative electrode active material may not be provided on the surface of the foam metal, or of course, the negative electrode active material can also be provided.
[0078] As an example, the negative electrode active material can be filled and deposited in the negative electrode current collector.
[0079] In some embodiments, the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper.
[0080] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes a separator, and the separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
[0081] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator membrane. The present application does not have special restrictions on the type of the separator membrane, and any well-known porous structure separator membrane with good chemical stability and mechanical stability can be selected.
[0082] As an example, the main material of the separator membrane can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramics. The separator membrane can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without special restrictions. When the separator membrane is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without special restrictions. The separator can be a single component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or can be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes. An inorganic particle coating, an organic particle coating, or an organic / inorganic composite coating can also be coated on the surface of the separator membrane.
[0083] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and simultaneously functions to transport ions and isolate the positive and negative electrodes.
[0084] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an electrolyte, which plays a role in conducting ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The present application does not specifically limit the type of electrolyte, and it can be selected according to requirements. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel-like, or solid-state.
[0085] Among them, the liquid electrolyte includes an electrolyte salt and a solvent.
[0086] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt can be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate, lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium difluoro bis(oxalato)phosphate, and lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate.
[0087] In some embodiments, the solvent can be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent can also be an ether solvent. The ether solvent can include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ether.
[0088] In some embodiments, the electrolyte may optionally further include additives. For example, the additives can include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain properties of the battery cell, such as additives for improving the overcharge / quick charge performance of the battery cell, additives for improving the high-temperature performance of the battery cell, additives for improving the low-temperature performance of the battery cell, etc.
[0089] Among them, the gel-like electrolyte includes a polymer as a skeleton network and can be used in combination with an ionic liquid-lithium salt.
[0090] Among them, the solid-state electrolyte includes a polymer solid-state electrolyte, an inorganic solid-state electrolyte, and a composite solid-state electrolyte.
[0091] As an example, the polymer of the polymer solid-state electrolyte can include polyether polyethylene oxide, polysiloxane, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, single-ion polymer, polyionic liquid, cellulose, etc.
[0092] As an example, the inorganic solid electrolyte can be one or more of crystalline perovskite of oxide solid electrolyte, sodium superionic conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON film, crystalline lithium superionic conductor lithium germanium phosphorus sulfur of sulfide solid electrolyte, argyrodite, amorphous sulfide, halide solid electrolyte, nitride solid electrolyte, and hydride solid electrolyte.
[0093] As an example, the composite solid electrolyte is formed by adding an inorganic solid electrolyte filler to a polymer solid electrolyte.
[0094] The electrode assembly can be in a wound structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of winding and stacking.
[0095] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is in a wound structure. The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are wound into a wound structure.
[0096] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is in a stacked structure.
[0097] As an example, a plurality of positive electrode sheets and a plurality of negative electrode sheets can be respectively provided, and the plurality of positive electrode sheets and the plurality of negative electrode sheets are alternately stacked.
[0098] As an example, a plurality of positive electrode sheets can be provided, and the negative electrode sheet is folded to form a plurality of stacked folding segments, and a positive electrode sheet is clamped between adjacent folding segments.
[0099] As an example, both the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are folded to form a plurality of stacked folding segments.
[0100] As an example, a plurality of separators can be provided and are respectively arranged between any adjacent positive electrode sheet or negative electrode sheet.
[0101] As an example, the separators can be continuously provided and are arranged between any adjacent positive electrode sheet or negative electrode sheet by folding or winding.
[0102] In some embodiments, the shape of the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, prismatic, etc.
[0103] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with electrode tabs, and the electrode tabs can conduct current out of the electrode assembly. The electrode tabs include positive electrode tabs and negative electrode tabs.
[0104] In some embodiments, the battery cell can include a housing. The housing can be a steel shell, an aluminum shell, a plastic shell such as polypropylene, or a composite metal shell such as a copper-aluminum composite shell, etc. In some embodiments, the housing can be a sealed structure or a non-sealed structure.
[0105] As an example, the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell includes a square shell battery cell, a blade-shaped battery cell, a multi-prismatic battery, and the multi-prismatic battery is, for example, a hexagonal prism battery, etc. There is no special limitation in this application.
[0106] In some embodiments, the outer casing includes an end cap and a housing. The housing is provided with an opening, and the end cap covers the opening. The housing can be provided with one or more openings. One or more end caps can also be provided.
[0107] In some embodiments, at least one electrode terminal is provided on the outer casing, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the tab. The electrode terminal can be directly connected to the tab or indirectly connected to the tab through a current collector member. The electrode terminal can be provided on the end cap or on the housing.
[0108] In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the outer casing. The pressure relief mechanism is used to discharge the internal gas of the battery cell.
[0109] As an example, it is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is damaged, thereby forming an opening or a channel for releasing the internal pressure or temperature. This threshold design varies according to different design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or several of the materials of the positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet, electrolyte and separator in the battery cell.
[0110] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can be integrally formed with the outer casing.
[0111] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can also be separately provided and connected to the outer casing.
[0112] The "actuation" mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism generates an action or is activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell can be released. The actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism can include but are not limited to: the components in the pressure relief mechanism move to form an exhaust channel, at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism breaks, is crushed, is torn or opened, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cell will be discharged outward from the actuated part as emissions. In this way, the battery cell can be depressurized and cooled under controlled pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potential more serious accidents.
[0113] In some embodiments, when the outer casing is a non-sealed structure, the pressure relief mechanism can be provided as a through hole for discharging the internal gas of the battery cell.
[0114] The emissions from the battery cells mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolytes, dissolved or fragmented positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of the separator, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by reactions, flames, and so on.
[0115] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments will take an insurance component 110 of some embodiments of this application as an example for illustration.
[0116] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the insurance component 110 includes a housing 10, a fusing component 20, and a heat-absorbing component 30. Among them, the interior of the housing 10 has a closed accommodation space. The fusing component 20 is located within the accommodation space. The heat-absorbing component 30 is located within the accommodation space. The heat-absorbing component 30 has a phase-change layer 32, and the phase-change layer 32 is thermally connected to the fusing component 20. The phase-change layer 32 is used to absorb the heat generated when the fusing component 20 operates.
[0117] The housing 10 can be made of a material with high insulation performance, such as plastic, etc.
[0118] The fusing component 20 can be made of lead-tin alloy, copper alloy, etc.
[0119] The phase-change layer 32 can be filled in the accommodation space and attached to the surface of the fusing component 20, or can be thermally connected to the fusing component 20 through a heat-conducting member 31 with good heat-conducting performance. For example, the heat-conducting member 31 can be made of a component with good heat conduction such as copper or copper alloy.
[0120] The material of the phase-change layer 32 can be, but is not limited to, paraffin, sodium sulfate decahydrate, etc.
[0121] By providing the heat-absorbing component 30 with a phase-change layer 32 in the accommodation space, and the phase-change layer 32 is thermally connected to the fusing component 20, the heat generated when the fusing component 20 operates can be timely absorbed by the phase-change layer 32, solving the problem that the fusing component 20 has too high a temperature due to poor heat dissipation; reducing the operating temperature of the fusing component 20, helping to extend the service life of the fusing component 20, helping to improve the reliability and stability of the entire insurance component 110, enabling the insurance component 110 to continuously and efficiently play roles such as short-circuit protection in application scenarios such as new energy vehicles.
[0122] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , the heat-absorbing component 30 further includes a heat-conducting member 31. The heat-conducting member 31 is located on one side of the fusing component 20 and is thermally connected to the fusing component 20. A groove 311 is provided on the side of the heat-conducting member 31 facing away from the fusing component 20, and the groove 311 is filled with the phase-change layer 32.
[0123] The number of the grooves 311 can be one or multiple.
[0124] The shape of the groove 311 is not specifically limited. For example, the groove 311 can be a square groove or a circular groove, etc.
[0125] The fusing component 20 transfers heat to the phase change layer 32 through the heat conducting member 31 in a heat transfer manner, which can make the phase change layer 32 absorb heat more evenly to fully utilize the heat absorption property of the phase change layer 32. When the fusing component 20 needs to be replaced, it can reduce the possibility that the phase change layer 32 adheres to the fusing component 20 and additional phase change layer 32 needs to be filled. Moreover, the setting of the groove 311 can more conveniently control the thickness of the phase change layer 32.
[0126] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , the insurance component 110 further includes a separator 50. The separator 50 is located in the groove 311. The separator 50 divides the groove 311 into at least two accommodation units, and the phase change layer 32 is provided in the accommodation units.
[0127] As an example, the separator 50 includes a plurality of first separation parts and a plurality of second separation parts. The plurality of first separation parts are arranged in rows and spaced apart. Adjacent two separation parts are connected by the second separation parts to form a grid structure, and each grid unit of the grid structure serves as the above-mentioned accommodation unit. The connection manner between the first separation part and the second separation part can be welding or integrally formed, etc.
[0128] In actual work, the temperature distribution on the surface of the fusing component 20 is not completely uniform, and there are differences in the heat generation conditions in different regions. The design of multiple accommodation units enables the phase change material in each accommodation unit to independently undergo a phase change according to the local temperature change of its own position. When the temperature of a certain region is relatively high, the phase change material in the corresponding accommodation unit absorbs heat and preferentially undergoes a phase change; while the phase change material in the region with a lower temperature changes accordingly according to its own temperature situation, so as to reduce the possibility that the phase change layer 32 flows between different regions of the groove 311 during the phase change of the phase change layer 32 and causes uneven distribution of the phase change layer 32, thereby enabling the phase change layer 32 to absorb heat more evenly.
[0129] In some embodiments, the separator 50 abuts against or is connected to the bottom wall of the groove 311.
[0130] The connection manner between the separator 50 and the bottom wall of the groove 311 can be integrally formed, bonded or welded, etc.
[0131] When the phase change layer 32 undergoes a phase change and turns into a liquid, the separator 50 abuts against or is connected to the bottom wall of the groove 311, which can prevent the phase change layer 32 in different accommodation units from flowing to each other to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the phase change layer 32.
[0132] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2, at least two accommodating units are arranged along a first direction, and the arrangement directions of the fusing member 20 and the heat absorbing member 30 intersect with the first direction X.
[0133] The arrangement directions of the fusing member 20 and the heat absorbing member 30 are the third direction Z in the figure.
[0134] As an example, the accommodating units can be arranged in multiple rows and columns, in a rectangular array.
[0135] Thus, the heat absorption area can be divided into at least one row of accommodating units, so that the phase change material in each accommodating unit can independently undergo a phase change according to the local temperature change of its own position, to reduce the uneven thickness distribution of the phase change layer 32 in different regions caused by the different sequence of phase changes of the phase change layer 32, thereby making the phase change layer 32 absorb heat more evenly.
[0136] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , at least two accommodating units are arranged along a second direction Y, the second direction Y intersects with the first direction X, the arrangement directions of the fusing member 20 and the heat absorbing member 30 are the third direction Z, and the plane where the second direction Y and the first direction X are located intersects with the third direction Z.
[0137] Thus, the groove 311 can be further divided into multiple heat absorption regions (accommodating units), so that the phase change layer 32 in each accommodating unit can independently undergo a phase change according to the local temperature change of its own position, to reduce the uneven thickness distribution of the phase change layer 32 in different regions caused by the different sequence of phase changes of the phase change layer 32, thereby making the phase change layer 32 absorb heat more evenly.
[0138] In some embodiments, the separator 50 is connected to the heat conducting member 31.
[0139] The connection manner between the separator 50 and the heat conducting member 31 can be integral molding, welding, bonding, riveting or screw connection, etc.
[0140] Thus, the groove 311 can be divided into multiple accommodating units, so as to control the thickness of the phase change layer 32 in different accommodating units according to the heat dissipation of different regions of the fusing member 20, so that the phase change layer 32 can better absorb the heat of the fusing member 20.
[0141] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the insurance component 110 further includes a seal 40, the housing 10 has a first wall body, the first wall body is arranged facing the notch of the groove 311, and the first wall body is in sealed cooperation with the heat conducting member 31 through the seal 40.
[0142] The seal 40 can be a sealing ring or a sealing glue layer. The sealing ring can be a rubber ring or a silica gel ring, etc.
[0143] When a phase change occurs in the phase change layer 32 to convert into a gas or a liquid, the possibility of leakage can be reduced, enabling the phase change layer 32 to operate stably.
[0144] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a sealing groove 312 is provided on one side of the heat conducting member 31 facing the first wall body, and the sealing member 40 is located in the sealing groove 312.
[0145] The cross-section of the sealing groove 312 can be rectangular, U-shaped, semi-circular, etc.
[0146] The setting of the sealing groove 312 facilitates the assembly of the sealing member 40, increases the sealing mating surface of the sealing member 40, improves the sealing performance, reduces the possibility of leakage, and enables the phase change layer 32 to operate stably.
[0147] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the housing 10 includes an outer shell 11 and a shell cover 12. The interior of the outer shell 11 has a receiving space. An opening communicating with the receiving space is provided on one side of the outer shell 11. The shell cover 12 is covered on the opening and connected to the outer shell 11. The shell cover 12 constructs the first wall body, and the notch of the groove 311 faces the shell cover 12.
[0148] The outer shell 11 and the shell cover 12 can be fixed by means of screws or bonding, etc.
[0149] Both ends of the heat melting component can be introduced from both ends of the housing 10 through conductive components such as wires to facilitate access to the circuit.
[0150] Thus, the disassembly of the heat absorption component 30 can be facilitated. Especially when the phase change layer 32 needs to be replaced or replenished, the shell cover 12 can be opened and added into the groove 311, which is convenient for later maintenance.
[0151] For the convenience of description in the following embodiments, a battery device of some embodiments of the present application is taken as an example for illustration.
[0152] The battery device includes the fuse component 110 of the above embodiment. The battery device has an output pole, and the fusing component 20 of the fuse component 110 can be connected in series to the output pole of the battery device.
[0153] In an alternative embodiment of the battery device, the fuse component 110 has a switch, and the switch is connected in series with the fusing component 20 to be able to manually disconnect the switch for maintenance during the maintenance process.
[0154] For the convenience of description in the following embodiments, an electrical equipment of some embodiments of the present application is taken as an example for illustration.
[0155] The electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery device, and the battery device is used to supply electrical energy to the electrical device.
[0156] The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, battery cars, electric tools, vehicles, ships, spacecraft, etc. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spaceships, etc.
[0157] Figure 3 The following is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device being a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery device is disposed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device can be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery device can be used to supply power to the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery device can be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device to supply power to the motor 300. For example, it is used for the working power requirements during the start, navigation, and driving of the vehicle 1000.
[0158] Since the electrical device includes all the technical features of the battery device in the above embodiments, the effects are the same as those above and will not be elaborated here.
[0159] In an alternative embodiment of the insurance component 110, please refer to Figure 2 , the insurance component 110 includes a housing 10, a seal 40, a fusing component 20, and a heat-absorbing component 30. Among them, the interior of the housing 10 has a closed accommodation space. The fusing component 20 is located in the accommodation space. The heat-absorbing component 30 is located in the accommodation space. The heat-absorbing component 30 includes a heat-conducting member 31 and a phase-change layer 32. The heat-conducting member 31 is located on one side of the fusing component 20 and is thermally connected to the fusing component 20. A groove 311 is provided on the side of the heat-conducting member 31 facing away from the fusing component 20, and the phase-change layer 32 is filled in the groove 311. The phase-change layer 32 is thermally connected to the fusing component 20 through the heat-conducting member 31, and the phase-change layer 32 is used to absorb the heat generated when the fusing component 20 operates. The insurance component 110 further includes a partition member 50. The partition member 50 is located in the groove 311. The partition member 50 divides the groove 311 into at least two accommodation units, and the phase-change layer 32 is provided in the accommodation unit. The partition member 50 is connected to the bottom wall of the groove 311. The housing 10 includes a first part and a second part. The first part has at least a part of the accommodation space. An opening communicating with the accommodation space is provided on one side of the first part. The second part is connected to the first part in a covering manner. The first part is hermetically fitted with the second part through the seal 40. A sealing groove 312 is provided on the side of the first part facing the second part. The sealing groove 312 surrounds the accommodation space, and the seal 40 is located in the sealing groove 312.
[0160] By providing a heat conducting member 31 in the accommodation space, with a plurality of accommodation units in the groove 311 of the heat conducting member 31 and a phase change layer 32 provided in the accommodation units, the heat generated during the operation of the fusing member 20 can be timely absorbed by the phase change layer 32. Moreover, since the phase change layer 32 is relatively evenly distributed, the heat absorption effect is better, solving the problem that the fusing member 20 has an excessively high temperature due to poor heat dissipation; reducing the operating temperature of the fusing member 20 helps to extend the service life of the fusing member 20, helps to improve the reliability and stability of the entire insurance component 110, enabling the insurance component 110 to continuously and efficiently play roles such as short-circuit protection in application scenarios such as new energy vehicles.
[0161] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A safety component, characterized in that: include: A housing, wherein the interior of the housing has a closed accommodation space; A fuse component is located in the accommodating space; The heat absorbing component is located in the accommodating space, and the heat absorbing component has a phase change layer. The phase change layer is thermally connected to the fuse component, and the phase change layer is used to absorb the heat generated when the fuse component is working.
2. The safety component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat absorbing component also includes a heat conducting member, which is located on one side of the fuse component and is thermally connected to the fuse component. A groove is provided on the side of the heat conducting member away from the fuse component, and the phase change layer is filled in the groove.
3. The safety component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The safety component further includes a separator, which is located in the groove. The separator divides the groove into at least two accommodating units, and the phase change layer is arranged in any one of the accommodating units.
4. The safety component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition is in contact with or connected to the bottom wall of the groove.
5. The safety component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The at least two accommodating units are arranged along a first direction, and an arrangement direction of the fuse component and the heat absorption component intersects with the first direction.
6. The safety component according to claim 5, characterized in that: The at least two accommodating units are arranged along a second direction, the second direction intersects with the first direction, the fuse component and the heat absorbing component are arranged in a third direction, and a plane where the second direction and the first direction are located intersects with the third direction.
7. The safety component according to claim 2, characterized in that: The safety component further comprises a sealing member, the housing comprises a first wall, the first wall is arranged facing the notch of the groove, and the first wall is sealedly matched with the heat conducting member through the sealing member.
8. The safety component according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing groove is provided on a side of the heat conducting member facing the first wall, and the sealing member is located in the sealing groove.
9. The safety component according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell includes an outer shell and a shell cover, the inner part of the outer shell has the accommodating space, one side of the outer shell is provided with an opening connected with the accommodating space, the shell cover is covered with the opening and connected with the outer shell, the shell cover constructs the first wall, and the notch of the groove is arranged toward the shell cover.
10. A battery device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a safety component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. An electrical device, characterized in that: The battery device comprises the battery device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the battery device is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.