Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology. The embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a front plate, a front-layer adhesive film, a solar battery pack layer, a rear-layer adhesive film and a rear plate which are stacked in sequence, the front plate sequentially comprises a first barrier layer, a base material layer and a second barrier layer from the air surface to the direction of the solar battery pack layer, and the water vapor transmittance of the second barrier layer is smaller than that of the first barrier layer; the back plate includes a third barrier layer. The light photovoltaic module is packaged by using the high-barrier front plate and the high-barrier rear plate, so that high efficiency and high reliability of the photovoltaic module can be kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] With the development of photovoltaic cell technology, new types of cells such as HJT, IBC, and TOPCON have obvious advantages in light conversion efficiency compared with traditional photovoltaic cells. However, new types of cells such as HJT, IBC, and TOPCON are relatively sensitive to water vapor and ultraviolet light. Usually, photovoltaic modules are encapsulated using a packaging structure of front plate glass and rear plate glass or front plate glass and rear plate backplane. Selecting glass for the front plate can completely block water vapor, but the flexibility of glass is poor and it will greatly increase the weight of the module, unable to meet the application scenarios with low load-bearing capacity, restricting the application of bifacial photovoltaic modules in fields such as rooftop photovoltaics, balcony photovoltaics, and portable photovoltaics. In addition, the light-blocking ability of glass is insufficient and problems such as cracking will occur during long-term use.

[0003] Based on the low-density characteristics of polymer materials, transparent polymer materials are used to replace glass for encapsulating photovoltaic modules in related technologies to reduce the weight of the module. However, the water vapor barrier rate of polymer materials is relatively poor, all distributed between 1.6 - 2.0 g / m²·24h. During long-term use, the battery chips are easily damaged due to water vapor intrusion, and the power attenuation is too fast. Moreover, as the front plate material of the photovoltaic module, the transparent polymer material has poor weather resistance and ultraviolet resistance. Long-term use will cause its mechanical properties and light transmittance to decline, seriously affecting the performance and safety of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] Therefore, while pursuing lightweight components, there are also higher requirements for the selection of packaging materials and the packaging structure scheme of the components. The packaging materials need to have long-term weather resistance, especially the overall water blocking performance of the components, the light transmittance of the front plate material, and ultraviolet resistance. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic module with good lightweight, barrier performance, and weather resistance.

[0006] The embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic module, which includes a front plate, a front layer of glue film, a solar cell group layer, a rear layer of glue film, and a rear plate stacked in sequence; the front plate includes a first barrier layer, a substrate layer, and a second barrier layer in sequence from the air side to the solar cell group layer side, and the water vapor transmission rate of the second barrier layer is less than that of the first barrier layer; the rear plate includes a third barrier layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the front plate further includes an ultraviolet cut-off layer, the ultraviolet cut-off layer is located on the side of the first barrier layer close to the air side, and the thickness of the ultraviolet cut-off layer is 10 - 50 μm;

[0008] The ultraviolet cut-off layer is a fluorine-containing coating or a fluorine-containing film;

[0009] The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 400 - 1100 nm is ≥ 80%;

[0010] The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 200 - 400 nm is ≤ 1%.

[0011] Furthermore, the front plate further includes a light conversion coating, which is located on the side of the first barrier layer close to the air surface, and the thickness of the light conversion coating is 10 μm - 30 μm;

[0012] The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 400 - 1100 nm is ≥ 80%;

[0013] The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 200 - 400 nm is ≤ 1%.

[0014] Furthermore, the water vapor transmission rate of the first barrier layer under the conditions of 38 °C temperature and 90% humidity is between 1 - 10 g / m 2 ·24 h, and / or the water vapor transmission rate of the second barrier layer under the conditions of 38 °C temperature and 90% humidity is between 0.001 - 1 g / m 2 ·24 h, and / or the water vapor transmission rate of the front plate under the conditions of 38 °C temperature and 90% humidity is between 0.001 - 1 g / m 2 ·24 h.

[0015] Furthermore, the first barrier layer is one of a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polypropylene layer;

[0016] The substrate layer is one of a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polypropylene layer;

[0017] The second barrier layer is an inorganic oxide layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the first barrier layer is 150 - 350 μm;

[0019] The thickness of the substrate layer is 10 - 50 μm;

[0020] The thickness of the second barrier layer is less than or equal to 1 μm.

[0021] Furthermore, the third barrier layer includes at least one layer of metal foil layer.

[0022] The thickness of the third barrier layer is 300 - 800 μm;

[0023] The water vapor transmission rate of the third barrier layer under the conditions of 38 °C temperature and 90% humidity is less than 0.001 g / m 2 ·24 h;

[0024] Further, the photovoltaic module further includes an edge barrier layer, which is disposed in the peripheral region between the second barrier layer and the third barrier layer and surrounds the solar cell group layer.

[0025] Further, the water vapor transmission rate of the edge barrier layer at 38°C and 90% humidity is less than or equal to 0.1 g / m 2 ·24h.

[0026] Further, the edge barrier layer is one of a butyl rubber layer or a polyurethane rubber layer.

[0027] Therefore, the photovoltaic module in this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] ① For the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of this application, a polymer material is mainly used as the front plate, which is lighter in weight than the glass encapsulation solution, facilitating the lightweight of the photovoltaic module;

[0029] ② In this application, the first barrier layer, the second barrier layer and the third barrier layer are respectively provided on the front and rear layers of the photovoltaic module, improving the water vapor barrier performance of the photovoltaic module, effectively avoiding the problem of insufficient water vapor barrier performance caused by using a polymer material as the front plate, and improving the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0030] ③ In this application, by providing the second barrier layer on the side of the front plate close to the solar cell group layer, not only can the barrier performance of the front plate be improved, but also by controlling the thickness of the second barrier layer, it can have the function of an antireflection film, reflecting light in the same wavelength range corresponding to it, realizing different appearance colors, and at the same time the second barrier layer can have a high light transmittance, further improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module and improving the appearance of the photovoltaic module.

[0031] ④ In this application, an edge barrier layer is also provided on the side of the photovoltaic module, which can further improve the water vapor barrier ability of the photovoltaic module.

[0032] ⑤ In this application, the photovoltaic module is provided with an ultraviolet cut-off layer or a light conversion coating on the air side of the front plate, which can not only effectively prevent the polymer material in the front plate of the photovoltaic module from embrittling under ultraviolet irradiation, but also reduce the damage caused by ultraviolet rays to the front layer adhesive film, the solar cell group layer, and the rear layer adhesive film. And when a light conversion coating is provided on the air side of the front plate, the efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first front plate in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first rear panel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the second rear panel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the third rear panel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the second front panel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the third front panel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in another embodiment of the present application.

[0041] In the figure: Photovoltaic module 100, front panel 11, first barrier layer 111, substrate layer 112, second barrier layer 113, ultraviolet cut-off layer 114, light conversion coating 115, front layer film 12, solar cell group layer 13, rear layer film 14, rear panel 15, third barrier layer 151, edge barrier layer 16. Specific embodiments

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the present application, in the photovoltaic module, the "inner side" of a certain structure refers to the side of the structure close to the solar cell group layer; the "outer side" of a certain structure refers to the side of the structure away from the solar cell group layer or the side close to the air surface.

[0043] The present application provides a photovoltaic module 100 as Figure 1 shown, which includes a front panel 11, a front layer film 12, a solar cell group layer 13, a rear layer film 14, and a rear panel 15 stacked in sequence. The solar cell group layer 13 is the main part of the photovoltaic module 100, which functions as photoelectric conversion, converting solar energy into electrical energy. The front panel 11 and the rear panel 15 are respectively disposed on both sides of the solar cell group layer 13 to protect the solar cell group layer 13. The front layer film 12 is disposed between the front panel 11 and the solar cell group layer 13 to bond the front panel 11 and the solar cell group layer 13 together. The function of the rear layer film 14 is similar to that of the front layer film 12. The rear layer film 14 bonds the rear panel 15 and the solar cell group layer 13 together.

[0044] AsFigure 2 As shown in the figure, the front plate 11 includes a first barrier layer 111, a substrate layer 112, and a second barrier layer 113 that are sequentially stacked from the air side to the solar cell stack layer 13. In addition to providing mechanical protection for the photovoltaic module, the front plate 11 also needs to provide a water vapor barrier function to prevent water vapor from passing through the front plate 11 and entering the solar cell stack layer 13, and to prevent the solar cells in the solar cell stack layer 13 from being corroded by water vapor and the like. In the front plate 11, the first barrier layer 111 mainly functions to initially block water vapor and ensure the overall mechanical strength of the front plate, and the second barrier layer 113 functions to further block water vapor. The water vapor transmission rate of the second barrier layer 113 is less than that of the first barrier layer 111, that is, the water vapor barrier ability and effect of the second barrier layer 113 are better than those of the first barrier layer 111. The water vapor barrier abilities of the first barrier layer 111 and the second barrier layer 113 can be fully utilized to cooperate with each other to improve the overall water vapor barrier performance of the front plate 11. The substrate layer 112 mainly functions to carry and support the second barrier layer 113. The substrate layer 112 can be bonded to the first barrier layer through an adhesive. The adhesives include, but are not limited to, the following several types: polyurethane adhesive, epoxy resin adhesive, polyvinyl acetate adhesive, polyamide adhesive, etc.

[0045] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the rear plate 15 includes a third barrier layer 151. Both the front and back surfaces of the photovoltaic module 100 are invaded by water vapor, and there is a need for water vapor barrier. A corresponding third barrier layer 151 is also provided in the rear plate 15 to block the water vapor on the back surface of the photovoltaic module 100 and prevent the water vapor from entering the photovoltaic module 100 from the back surface of the photovoltaic module 100 and attacking and corroding the solar cell stack layer 13. In contrast, the front plate 11 is located on the light-facing side of the photovoltaic module 100 and needs to ensure light transmittance, while the rear plate 15 is located on the backlight side of the photovoltaic module 100, and the rear plate 15 may not have light transmittance. Therefore, compared with the front plate 11, the rear plate 15 can be made of a material with high water vapor barrier performance but no light transmittance, including a metal foil layer. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the specific structure of the rear plate 15 can be as Figure 3 shown, consisting only of the third barrier layer 151, or the specific structure of the rear plate 15 can also be as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, which is formed by providing other functional layers (including but not limited to layer structures such as a bonding layer or a support layer) on at least one side of the third barrier layer 151.

[0046] As an alternative embodiment, the front plate 11 further includes as Figure 6The ultraviolet cut-off layer 114 shown is located on the side of the first barrier layer 111 close to the air surface. The ultraviolet cut-off layer 114 can transmit most of the visible light and block the passage of ultraviolet rays, which can prevent the ultraviolet rays from damaging the layer structure within the ultraviolet cut-off layer 114 and avoid problems such as aging and yellowing of each layer structure caused by ultraviolet irradiation, which affect the power generation efficiency and safety. It can ensure the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 and extend the service life of the photovoltaic module 100. In order to balance the transmittance of visible light and the cut-off rate of ultraviolet rays, the thickness of the ultraviolet cut-off layer 114 can be set to 10μm - 50μm. In this way, the transmitted ultraviolet rays can be reduced to an acceptable range, and it can also ensure that there is no significant blockage of visible light, etc. At the same time, the appropriate thickness range is also beneficial to controlling the overall thickness of the photovoltaic module 100. The ultraviolet cut-off layer 114 can be selected from a fluorine-containing coating or a fluorine-containing film. The fluorine-containing coating can be formed by coating on the outer side of the first barrier layer 111, and the fluorine-containing film can be attached to the outer side of the first barrier layer 111 and made by using corresponding composite processes. Specifically, the fluorine-containing coating and the fluorine-containing film can be made of at least one fluorine-containing material such as PVF, PVDF, ETFE, or ECTFE, or can also be made of other fluorine-containing materials that can endow good ultraviolet barrier functions. After setting the above-mentioned ultraviolet cut-off layer 114, it can ensure that the transmittance of the entire front plate 11 in the wavelength band of 400 - 1100nm is ≥80%, and the transmittance in the wavelength band of 200 - 400nm is ≤1%. The light in the wavelength band of 400 - 1100nm is visible light and near-infrared light, and the light in this band can be utilized by the solar cell and converted into electrical energy. Keeping the transmittance of the light in this band at 80% and above can ensure the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. The light in the wavelength band of 200 - 400nm is ultraviolet light, and the light in this band can hardly be utilized by the solar cell. At the same time, ultraviolet light will also accelerate the aging of each component of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, reducing the transmittance of the light in this band to 1% and below can avoid premature aging of each component of the photovoltaic module 100 and extend the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0047] As an alternative embodiment, the front plate 11 further includes as Figure 7The light conversion coating 115 shown is located on the side of the first barrier layer 111 close to the air surface. The light conversion coating 115 can convert the ultraviolet light in sunlight that cannot be utilized by the solar cell into visible light band light that can be utilized by the solar cell, thereby avoiding damage to the layer structure within the light conversion coating 115 caused by ultraviolet rays, and avoiding problems such as aging and yellowing of each layer structure due to ultraviolet irradiation that affect the power generation efficiency. It can ensure the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 and extend the service life of the photovoltaic module 100. The light conversion coating is a transparent coating, and the light conversion materials used are as follows but not limited to these, including organic small molecule light conversion agents, quantum dot light conversion agents, and rare earth light conversion agents (organic-inorganic composite). Due to avoiding ultraviolet damage by means of light conversion, the photovoltaic module has higher efficiency. Therefore, the thickness of the light conversion coating 115 can be set to 10 - 30 μm, which can not only reduce the transmitted ultraviolet light to an acceptable range, but also ensure that there is no significant blockage to visible light, etc. At the same time, the appropriate thickness range is also beneficial to controlling the overall thickness of the photovoltaic module 100. Similarly, after setting the above light conversion coating 115, it can also ensure that the transmittance of the entire front plate 11 in the wavelength band of 400 - 1100 nm is ≥ 80%, and the transmittance in the wavelength band of 200 - 400 nm is ≤ 1%. The light in the wavelength band of 400 - 1100 nm is visible light and near-infrared light, and the light in this band can be utilized by the solar cell and converted into electrical energy. Keeping the transmittance of the light in this band at 80% and above can improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. The light in the wavelength band of 200 - 400 nm is ultraviolet light, and the light in this band can basically not be utilized by the solar cell. At the same time, ultraviolet light will also accelerate the aging of each component of the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, reducing the transmittance of the light in this band to 1% and below can avoid premature aging of each component of the photovoltaic module 100 and extend the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0048] As an alternative embodiment, for the water vapor transmission performance, the photovoltaic module 100 in the present application satisfies at least one of the following three conditions: a. The water vapor transmission rate of the first barrier layer 111 at a temperature of 38 °C and a humidity of 90% is between 1 - 10 g / m 2 ·24 h; b. The water vapor transmission rate of the second barrier layer 113 at a temperature of 38 °C and a humidity of 90% is between 0.001 - 1 g / m 2 ·24 h; c. The water vapor transmission rate of the front plate 11 at a temperature of 38 °C and a humidity of 90% is between 0.001 - 1 g / m 2· Between 24 hours. In the photovoltaic module 100, since the front plate is on the light-facing side, it will not only be invaded by water vapor in the environment, but also be invaded by rainwater, etc. At the same time, since the light-facing side also needs to be able to transmit light to ensure the normal photovoltaic conversion process of the photovoltaic module 100, higher requirements are put forward for the water vapor barrier effect of the front plate of the photovoltaic module 100. In this application, a first barrier layer 111 and a second barrier layer 113 are provided. The first barrier layer 111 with general water vapor barrier performance is arranged on the outside, and the second barrier layer 113 with better water vapor barrier performance is arranged on the inside. The first barrier layer 111 and the second barrier layer 113 cooperate with each other to achieve a good water vapor barrier effect for the front plate, which is the light-facing side of the photovoltaic module 100. The water vapor transmission rate of the first barrier layer 111 under the conditions of 38°C temperature and 90% humidity is between 1-10 g / m 2 · Between 24 hours, which can play a good initial water vapor barrier effect, so that the first barrier layer 111 can block most of the water vapor. The water vapor transmission rate of the second barrier layer 113 under the conditions of 38°C temperature and 90% humidity is between 0.001-1 g / m 2 · Between 24 hours, which can further block the water vapor that is not blocked by the first barrier layer 111, and basically prevent the water vapor from invading deeper into the photovoltaic module 100. With the mutual cooperation and coordination of the first barrier layer 111 and the second barrier layer 113, the entire front plate 11 can have excellent water vapor barrier performance, so that the water vapor transmission rate of the front plate 11 under the conditions of 38°C temperature and 90% humidity is between 0.001-1 g / m 2 · Between 24 hours.

[0049] As an optional implementation manner, the first barrier layer 111 is one of a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polypropylene layer. Both polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene have relatively excellent water vapor barrier performance, high transparency and high strength, etc., and can meet the corresponding performance requirements for the first barrier layer 111 in this application. Using a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polypropylene layer as the first barrier layer 111 can play a good water vapor barrier effect, and at the same time can also avoid light loss when light passes through the first barrier layer 111. In this application, the substrate layer 112 plays a role in carrying and supporting the second barrier layer 113. Using one of a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polypropylene layer as the substrate layer 112 can carry and support the second barrier layer 113 well. Similarly, due to the water vapor barrier performance and light transmittance of polyethylene terephthalate or polypropylene, the substrate layer 112 can also play an auxiliary role in blocking water vapor. The second barrier layer 113 is an inorganic oxide layer. The inorganic oxide layer has higher density and excellent optical properties, and has better water vapor barrier performance than polyethylene terephthalate or polypropylene. Specifically, the inorganic oxide layer can be a single-layer or laminated structure composed of materials such as aluminum oxide or silicon dioxide.

[0050] As an alternative embodiment, the thickness of the first barrier layer 111 is 150 - 350 μm, the thickness of the substrate layer 112 is 10 - 50 μm, and the thickness of the second barrier layer 113 is less than or equal to 1 μm. When the thickness of the first barrier layer 111 is in the range of 150 - 350 μm, it can balance the water vapor barrier performance, ensure the overall mechanical strength of the front plate, and meet the lightweight requirement. The substrate layer 112 bears and supports the second barrier layer 113, and the second barrier layer 113 is formed on the substrate layer 112 by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition. When the thickness of the substrate layer 112 is in the range of 10 - 50 μm, it can already meet the requirements of bearing and supporting the second barrier layer 113, and at the same time, it will not have an adverse impact on the lightweight requirement, light transmittance, etc. due to the excessive thickness of the substrate layer 112. The second barrier layer 113 is made into a single-layer or laminated structure with a thickness less than or equal to 1 μm by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition. Since the second barrier layer 113 prepared by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition has high density and excellent optical properties, the thickness of the second barrier layer 113 can be controlled to make it act as an antireflection and antireflection film, reflect light in the same wavelength range corresponding to it, and achieve different appearance colors. At the same time, the second barrier layer 113 can have a high light transmittance. Therefore, the setting of the second barrier layer 113 improves the overall water vapor barrier performance of the front plate 11, while improving the overall light transmittance of the front plate 11 and improving the appearance of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] As an alternative embodiment, the third barrier layer 151 includes at least one metal foil layer. The metal foil layer has relatively excellent water vapor barrier performance, and a good water vapor barrier effect can be achieved only by using a single metal foil layer. Since the third barrier layer 151 is located on the backlight side of the photovoltaic module 100, the performance requirements such as light transmittance do not need to be considered. Directly using the metal foil layer can better and simply meet the water vapor barrier performance requirements without designing a complex layer structure. Specifically, the metal foil layer can be an aluminum foil or a copper foil and other metal foils with excellent water vapor barrier performance. The thickness of the third barrier layer 151 is controlled in the range of 300 - 800 μm, so that the water vapor transmission rate of the third barrier layer 151 under the conditions of 38 °C and 90% humidity is less than 0.001 g / m 2· It can balance the water vapor barrier performance and lightweight requirements within 24 hours. After setting the third barrier layer 151 with the above structure, it can provide good water vapor barrier, basically preventing water vapor from invading the interior of the photovoltaic module 100 from the backlight side of the photovoltaic module 100. The third barrier layer 151 in the embodiment of the present application can be a structure containing only a metal foil layer, or a structure formed by setting other functional layers (including but not limited to bonding layers, support layers, or other water vapor barrier layers, etc.) on at least one side of the metal foil layer. Specifically, resin layers can be coated on both sides of the front and back of the metal foil layer to improve the bonding ability of the third barrier layer 151 with the interior of the back plate 15 or other structures of the photovoltaic module 100. Other water vapor barrier structures can also be set on at least one side of the metal foil layer to further enhance the water vapor barrier effect. It can be understood that a structure similar to that in the front plate 11 can also be adopted in the back plate 15 to achieve the effect of blocking water vapor.

[0052] As an alternative embodiment, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes an edge barrier layer 16 as shown in Figure 8 . The edge barrier layer 16 is provided in the peripheral area of the second barrier layer 113 and the third barrier layer 151 and the edge barrier layer 16 surrounds the solar cell group layer 13. Although the four sides of the photovoltaic module 100 are provided with a frame, there is still a situation where water vapor enters the interior of the photovoltaic module 100 through the gap between the frame and the photovoltaic module. Setting the edge barrier layer 16 can prevent water vapor from invading the interior of the photovoltaic module 100 from the side of the photovoltaic module 100, further improving the water vapor barrier effect of the photovoltaic module 100 and controlling the probability of water vapor penetrating into the photovoltaic module 100 within the lowest limit. A structure that completely wraps the solar cell group layer 13 can be formed between the second barrier layer 113, the third barrier layer 151, and the edge barrier layer 16, and this structure can play a good role in blocking water vapor and can prevent the invasion and corrosion of the water vapor to the solar cell group layer 13 inside the photovoltaic module 100 in all directions.

[0053] As an alternative embodiment, the water vapor transmission rate of the edge barrier layer 16 at a temperature of 38 °C and a humidity of 90% is less than or equal to 0.1 g / m 2 · 24h. The water vapor transmission rate of the edge barrier layer 16 within the above range can play a good role in blocking water vapor, can block most of the water vapor invading from the side of the photovoltaic module 100, and achieve excellent water vapor barrier effect.

[0054] As an optional embodiment, the edge barrier layer 16 is a butyl rubber layer or a polyurethane rubber layer. Butyl rubber and polyurethane rubber have good water vapor barrier properties. At the same time, butyl rubber and polyurethane rubber can form the edge barrier layer 16 in the photovoltaic module 100 by coating, etc., which has the advantage of convenient processing and preparation. At the same time, it can also be flexibly adjusted according to the structure and conditions around the photovoltaic module 100 to provide a better water vapor barrier effect.

[0055] In the present application, a first barrier layer 111 and a second barrier layer 113 having water vapor barrier properties are provided in the front plate 11. The first barrier layer 111 and the second barrier layer 113 cooperate with each other and work in synergy, which can give the front plate 11 an excellent water vapor barrier effect. In the present application, a third barrier layer 151 is provided in the rear plate 15 to give the rear plate 15 an excellent water vapor barrier effect. The front plate 11 and the rear plate 15 cooperate with each other to make the photovoltaic module 100 in the present application have an excellent water vapor barrier effect. In a further embodiment of the present application, an edge barrier layer 16 is also provided around the solar cell group layer 13. The front plate 11, the rear plate 15 and the edge barrier layer 16 form a structure that can completely block water vapor without dead angles. The solar cell group layer 13 is provided in the water vapor barrier structure, which can avoid the solar cell group layer 13 from being corroded by water vapor as much as possible, improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100 and extend the service life.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only some of the preferred implementation modes of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned implementation modes or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A front plate, a front adhesive film, a solar cell assembly layer, a rear adhesive film and a rear plate are sequentially stacked; The front plate includes a first barrier layer, a substrate layer, and a second barrier layer in sequence from the air surface to the direction of the solar cell group layer, and the water vapor permeability of the second barrier layer is lower than the water vapor permeability of the first barrier layer; The back sheet includes a third barrier layer.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front plate further comprises an ultraviolet cut-off layer, which is located on the side of the first barrier layer close to the air surface, and has a thickness of 10-50 μm; The ultraviolet cut-off layer is a fluorine-containing coating or a fluorine-containing film; The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 400-1100nm is ≥80%; The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 200-400nm is ≤1%.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front plate further comprises a light conversion coating, which is located on the side of the first barrier layer close to the air surface, and has a thickness of 10 μm-30 μm; The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 400-1100nm is ≥80%; The transmittance of the front plate in the wavelength range of 200-400nm is ≤1%.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water vapor transmission rate of the first barrier layer at 38°C and 90% humidity is 1-10 g / m 2 · 24h, and / or the water vapor transmission rate of the second barrier layer at 38°C and 90% humidity is 0.001-1g / m 2 ·24h, and / or the water vapor transmission rate of the front plate at 38°C and 90% humidity is 0.001-1g / m 2 ·24 hours.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first barrier layer is one of a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polypropylene layer; The substrate layer is one of a polyethylene terephthalate layer and a polypropylene layer; The second barrier layer is an inorganic oxide layer.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first barrier layer is 150-350 μm; The thickness of the substrate layer is 10-50 μm; The thickness of the second barrier layer is less than or equal to 1 μm.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third barrier layer comprises at least one metal foil layer; The thickness of the third barrier layer is 300-800 μm; The water vapor transmission rate of the third barrier layer at 38°C and 90% humidity is less than 0.001 g / m 2 ·24h.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic component further includes an edge barrier layer, which is disposed in a peripheral region between the second barrier layer and the third barrier layer and surrounds the solar cell group layer.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water vapor transmission rate of the edge barrier layer under the conditions of 38°C temperature and 90% humidity is less than or equal to 0.1 g / m 2 ·24h.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The edge barrier layer is one of a butyl adhesive layer and a polyurethane adhesive layer.

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