Ventilation cooling system for semi-underground granary

Abstract

The utility model discloses a semi-underground granary ventilation cooling system which comprises a ventilation ground cage, an air supply unit, an air return unit and a spraying unit which are arranged in a granary. The air return unit is provided with an air return pipe and an exhaust valve; the air supply unit comprises a fresh air pipeline and a grain air cooler, a fresh air valve is arranged at a fresh air opening of the fresh air pipeline, a buried pipe is arranged between an air outlet of the grain air cooler and the granary, and a water tank, a circulating water pump, a mist making machine and a mist cooling box of the mist spraying unit are sequentially connected end to end through pipelines to form a mist spraying circulation loop. The spray cooling box is connected to the fresh air pipeline in series and located on the air inlet side of the grain air cooler, the air inlet side of the spray cooling box is provided with a tunnel air pipe, and the air outlet side of the grain air cooler is provided with a buried pipe. According to the semi-underground granary, the tunnel air pipe is used for pre-cooling fresh air, mist spraying and the buried pipe are used for continuous cooling, the energy consumption of the grain air cooler can be obviously reduced, and the ventilation cooling efficiency of the semi-underground granary can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of grain storage, in particular to a ventilation and cooling system for a semi-underground granary. Background Art

[0002] Traditional granaries mainly include vertical silos, shallow silos and high and large flat warehouses, etc. However, these granaries generally have defects such as short grain storage cycle and high replacement cost; although the new underground granaries have advantages such as low temperature, heat insulation, moisture-proof and long grain storage time, their construction difficulty is large and the project cost is high. The semi-underground new granary combines the advantages of ordinary granaries and underground granaries. It makes full use of the urban underground space, significantly reduces the occupation of ground land, can reduce the grain storage energy consumption by 25% - 40%, alleviates the problems of drug residues and environmental pollution caused by grain fumigation in above-ground granaries, stores grain under quasi-low temperature conditions, and extends the grain reserve period; the above-ground part can utilize the mature supporting equipment and technology of existing granaries. However, traditional mechanical ventilation uses multiple grain cooling fans for mechanical ventilation. In high-temperature summers, the energy consumption of grain cooling fans is high, and it cannot meet the energy-saving requirements of semi-underground new granaries. Therefore, how to reduce the ventilation energy consumption of semi-underground granaries is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a ventilation and cooling system for a semi-underground granary.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The ventilation and cooling system for a semi-underground granary of the utility model includes a ventilation floor grille, a air supply unit and a air return unit arranged in the granary, and further includes a spray unit; there is an air return opening above the grain loading line of the granary, the air return unit has an air return pipe connected to the air return opening and an exhaust valve arranged on the air return pipe;

[0006] The air supply unit includes a fresh air pipeline and a grain cooling fan arranged on the fresh air pipeline. A fresh air valve is arranged at the fresh air inlet of the fresh air pipeline. There is a buried pipe between the air outlet of the grain cooling fan and the granary, and the buried pipe is connected to the underground air inlet of the granary;

[0007] The spray unit includes a water tank, a circulating water pump, a fog generator, and a spray cooling box. The water tank, the circulating water pump, the fog generator, and the spray cooling box are connected end to end in sequence through pipelines to form a spray circulation loop. The spray cooling box is connected in series on the fresh air pipeline and is located on the air inlet side of the grain cooling fan; the water tank and the circulating water pump are buried underground;

[0008] The fresh air pipeline also has a tunnel air duct, and the tunnel air duct is located on the air inlet side of the spray cooling box.

[0009] The beneficial effects are as follows: The present utility model pre-cools fresh air using a tunnel air duct and then uses spray cooling, which can reduce the temperature of high-temperature fresh air from 35°C to below 23°C, greatly reducing the inlet air temperature of the grain cooling fan, significantly reducing the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan, enabling the ventilation and cooling time of the grain bin to be unaffected by the high outdoor temperature in summer, and thus improving the ventilation efficiency of the grain bin. In addition, the outlet side of the grain cooling fan is provided with buried pipes, which can further cool the outlet air of the grain cooling fan and improve the ventilation and cooling efficiency of the semi-underground grain bin. During actual operation, if pre-cooling + spraying can meet the ventilation and cooling requirements of the grain bin, there is no need to turn on the air-cooling function of the grain cooling fan, further reducing energy consumption.

[0010] Preferably, the present utility model further includes a control unit, and the control unit includes a controller, a fresh air temperature sensor, a supply air temperature sensor arranged in the buried pipe, and a return air temperature sensor arranged on the return air duct. The signal output ends of the fresh air temperature sensor, the supply air temperature sensor, and the return air temperature sensor are all connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control output end of the controller is connected to the control input ends of the grain cooling fan, the fresh air valve, the exhaust valve, and the spray unit. The beneficial effects are as follows: The present utility model can control the opening and closing states of the valve, the fan, and the spray unit according to the monitored temperature, thereby realizing the automatic ventilation and cooling of the semi-underground grain bin.

[0011] More preferably, a dehumidification unit is arranged on the fresh air pipeline between the spray cooling box and the grain cooling fan. The dehumidification unit includes a humidity sensor and a cooling and dehumidifying machine. The signal output end of the humidity sensor is connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control input end of the cooling and dehumidifying machine is connected to the control output end of the controller. The beneficial effects are as follows: When the humidity of the low-temperature air coming out of the spray cooling box exceeds the set value, the cooling and dehumidifying machine can be used to dehumidify the high-humidity low-temperature air, avoiding excessive air humidity from affecting grain storage, and thus ensuring grain safety on the basis of ensuring the ventilation and cooling effect.

[0012] Preferably, the depth of the tunnel air duct and the buried pipe is 1.5 m to 2.5 m. The beneficial effects are as follows: The air inlet of the semi-underground grain bin is located underground. The present utility model designs the fresh air pipeline as a tunnel air duct and buried pipes to pre-cool and cool the fresh air in summer, which can not only reduce the inlet air temperature of the grain cooling fan, significantly reduce the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan, but also reduce the inlet air temperature of the grain bin, thereby improving the ventilation and cooling efficiency of the semi-underground grain bin, shortening the ventilation and cooling time, and further reducing the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of vertically upward nozzles are arranged at the lower part of the spray cooling box, that is, the spray cooling method from bottom to top is adopted to cool the passing air.

[0014] Compared with the existing mechanical ventilation, the utility model pre-cools fresh air by means of a tunnel air duct and then uses spray cooling, which can reduce the temperature of high-temperature fresh air from 35°C to below 23°C, greatly reducing the inlet air temperature of the grain cooling fan, significantly reducing the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan, making the ventilation and cooling time of the granary unaffected by the high outdoor temperature in summer, and thus improving the ventilation efficiency of the granary. In addition, the outlet side of the grain cooling fan is provided with buried pipes, which can further cool the outlet air of the grain cooling fan and improve the ventilation and cooling efficiency of the semi-underground granary; if pre-cooling + spraying can meet the ventilation and cooling requirements of the granary, there is no need to turn on the air-cooling function of the grain cooling fan, further reducing energy consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 is a circuit principle block diagram of the utility model. Detailed Embodiment

[0017] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model is given on the premise of the technical solution of the utility model, and the detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0018] It should be noted that in the description of the utility model, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0019] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0020] Such as Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, the ventilation and cooling system for the semi-underground granary of the present utility model includes a ventilation floor duct 2 (located at the lower part of the granary) arranged in the semi-underground granary 1, a air supply unit, a air return unit and a spray unit; there is an air return opening above the grain loading line L of the granary, the air return unit has an air return duct 3 connected to the air return opening and an exhaust valve F1 arranged on the air return duct 3, and the exhaust valve F1 is a normally closed valve and can be opened when ventilation is required; the air supply unit includes a fresh air pipeline 4 and a grain cooling fan 5 arranged on the fresh air pipeline 4, a fresh air valve F2 is arranged at the fresh air inlet of the fresh air pipeline 4, and there is a buried pipe 6 between the air outlet of the grain cooling fan 5 and the granary, and the buried pipe 6 is connected to the underground air inlet of the granary, and the buried depth of the buried pipe 6 is controlled at about 2.0m. In the hot summer, the buried pipe 6 can insulate or further cool the low-temperature air coming out of the grain cooling fan 5, thereby improving the ventilation and cooling efficiency of the semi-underground granary 1, shortening the ventilation time, and further reducing the total energy consumption of ventilation and cooling; the grain cooling fan 5 provides power for the ventilation of the granary;

[0021] The spray unit includes a water tank 7.1, a circulating water pump 7.2, a fog generator 7.3 (preferably a dry fog generator 7.3), and a spray cooling box 7.4. The water tank 7.1, the circulating water pump 7.2, the fog generator 7.3, and the spray cooling box 7.4 are sequentially connected end to end through pipelines to form a spray circulation loop. The water tank 7.1 and the circulating water pump 7.2 are buried at a certain depth underground to effectively ensure that the water temperature of the circulating water is within 20°C; the spray cooling box 7.4 is connected in series on the fresh air pipeline and the spray cooling box 7.4 is located on the air inlet side of the grain cooling fan 5. The circulating water pump 7.2 provides power for the water circulation. The fog generator 7.3 atomizes the water and sends it into the spray cooling box 7.4 to cool the air passing through the spray cooling box 7.4; the condensed water of the spray cooling box 7.4 enters the water tank 7.1 again, and circulates in this way to realize continuous spraying, thereby meeting the ventilation and cooling requirements in summer. The present utility model uses relatively low-temperature foggy water to cool the fresh air passing through the spray cooling box 7.4, and then the air inlet temperature of the grain cooling fan 5, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan 5;

[0022] The fresh air pipeline 4 also has a tunnel air duct 8. The tunnel air duct 8 is located between the fresh air inlet and the spray cooling box 7.4, and the depths of the tunnel air duct 8 and the buried pipe 6 are 2.0m. In the hot summer, the tunnel air duct 8 has a precooling effect. The tunnel air duct can be used for precooling first, and then spraying for cooling, which can significantly reduce the temperature on the air inlet side of the grain cooling fan 5, and then reduce its energy consumption; if the tunnel precooling + spraying + buried pipe can meet the ventilation and cooling requirements of the granary, only the ventilation function of the grain cooling fan needs to be turned on, which further reduces its energy consumption.

[0023] The utility model first pre-cools by means of a tunnel air duct and then continues to cool down by means of a spray unit, which can reduce the inlet air temperature of the grain cooling fan 5 to below 23°C, significantly reducing the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan 5, with remarkable energy-saving effect, so that the ventilation and cooling time of the grain bin is not affected by the high-temperature outdoor air in summer, thereby improving the ventilation efficiency of the grain bin. In addition, the outlet side of the grain cooling fan 5 is provided with a buried pipe, which can further cool down the outlet air of the grain cooling fan 5, improve the ventilation and cooling efficiency of the semi-underground grain bin 1, thereby shortening the ventilation and cooling time and further reducing the total energy consumption.

[0024] During actual installation, protective nets are provided at the fresh air inlets of the fresh air pipeline 4 and the exhaust air outlets of the return air pipeline 3 to prevent leaves or birds from entering the fresh air pipeline 4 or the return air pipeline 3 during ventilation, ensuring the normal operation of the system. During actual construction, the buried pipes 6 and the tunnel air ducts 8 are preferably high-purity ductile iron pipes with a diameter of 0.5 m, and can be laid in a straight line or in a curve; calculated at an inlet air velocity of 3 m / s, the heat exchange capacity of the buried pipes is 0.14 kW / m, and the lengths of the buried pipes 6 and the tunnel air ducts 8 are preferably 20 m to 30 m, and the specific number of segments can be determined according to the length, heat exchange capacity and total cooling demand of the buried pipes.

[0025] The utility model further includes a control unit. Combining Figure 1-2 it can be seen that the control unit includes a controller, a fresh air temperature sensor T1, a supply air temperature sensor T2 arranged on the buried pipe 6 and a return air temperature sensor T3 arranged on the return air pipeline 3. The signal output ends of the fresh air temperature sensor T1, the supply air temperature sensor T2 and the return air temperature sensor T3 are all connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control output end of the controller is connected to the control input ends of the grain cooling fan 5, the fresh air valve F2, the exhaust valve F1 and the spray unit. The temperature sensors monitor the temperature in real time, and can control the opening and closing states of the grain cooling fan 5, the spray unit, the fresh air valve F2 and the exhaust valve F1 according to the monitored temperature. In high-temperature summer, the controller is used to turn on the grain cooling fan 5, the spray unit, the exhaust valve F1 and the fresh air valve F2, and when the return air temperature reaches the specified requirements, the controller controls the grain cooling fan 5, the spray unit, the exhaust valve F1 and the fresh air valve F2 to close, thereby realizing the automatic ventilation and cooling of the semi-underground grain bin 1.

[0026] Combining Figure 1 it can be seen that a plurality of vertically upward nozzles 7.5 are arranged in the spray cooling box 7.4, the nozzles 7.5 are connected to the fog generator 7.3, and the nozzles 7.5 are located at the lower part of the spray cooling box 7.4. The utility model adopts a spray method from bottom to top to cool down the air entering the spray cooling box 7.4.

[0027] Compared with traditional mechanical ventilation, the utility model uses pre-cooling + spraying, which can greatly reduce the temperature on the air inlet side of the grain cooling fan 5, and can realize the air supply of the grain bin without turning on the air-cooling function of the grain cooling fan 5. In addition, even if it is necessary to turn on the air-cooling function of the grain cooling fan 5, due to the greatly reduced inlet air temperature, the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan 5 can be significantly reduced, and the ventilation and cooling efficiency can be improved. Taking a semi-underground grain bin as an example, it is equipped with three 100kW grain cooling fans 5. In the high-temperature summer, traditional mechanical ventilation needs to use the grain cooling fan 5 to process the outdoor air at 35°C to 18°C, and it takes 7-15 days to process the grain storage temperature to 25°C.

[0028] Compared with traditional mechanical ventilation, the spray cooling + buried pipe cooling of the utility model can reduce the inlet air of the grain cooling fan 5 from 35°C to below 23°C. The temperature drop of the air processed by the grain cooling fan 5 decreases from 17°C to 5°C, and the energy consumption of the grain cooler can be reduced by 70.5%. The total power of the increased spray cooling system is less than 15kW. Therefore, the energy consumption of the grain bin ventilation and cooling system can be reduced by more than 70%. In addition, since the air supply temperature of the grain cooling fan 5 is relatively lower than that of mechanical ventilation, the ventilation and cooling efficiency of the semi-underground grain bin 1 can be significantly improved, and the ventilation and cooling time can be shortened. In actual operation, only spray cooling + buried pipe cooling can be used for air supply, without turning on the air-cooling function of the grain cooling fan, and only power supply is required, further reducing the energy consumption of the grain cooling fan 5.

[0029] During actual installation, in order to prevent the air humidity from being too high due to spray cooling, a dehumidification unit is provided on the air supply pipeline between the spray cooling box 7.4 and the grain cooling fan 5. The dehumidification unit includes a humidity sensor and a cooling and dehumidifying machine. The signal output end of the humidity sensor is connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control input end of the cooling and dehumidifying machine is connected to the control output end of the controller. When the humidity of the low-temperature air coming out of the spray cooling box 7.4 is too high, the cooling and dehumidifying machine can be used to dehumidify the high-humidity low-temperature air first, thus ensuring grain safety.

[0030] It should be noted that the controller of the utility model can be a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with the DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), and a state machine, etc.

[0031] The controller of the utility model can also be a programmable logic controller (i.e., PLC), and can also be an industrial control computer with computing attributes and characteristics. It can have a computer CPU, a hard disk, a memory, peripherals and interfaces, and has an operating system, a control network and protocol, computing power, and a friendly human-machine interface.

[0032] Further, the controller may also be provided with a wireless communication module to realize connection with a remote terminal, receive control instructions from the remote terminal, and may also feedback relevant parameters of the real-time working state.

[0033] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative efforts, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-underground granary ventilation and cooling system, comprising a ventilation cage, an air supply unit and an air return unit arranged in the granary, characterized in that: It also includes a spray unit; a return air port is provided above the grain loading line of the granary, and the return air unit includes a return air pipe connected to the return air port and an exhaust valve arranged on the return air pipe; The air supply unit includes a fresh air pipeline and a valley cooling fan arranged on the fresh air pipeline, a fresh air valve is arranged at the fresh air inlet of the fresh air pipeline, an underground pipe is arranged between the air outlet of the valley cooling fan and the granary, and the underground pipe is connected to the underground air inlet of the granary; The spray unit includes a water tank, a circulating water pump, a fog machine, and a spray cooling box. The water tank, the circulating water pump, the fog machine, and the spray cooling box are connected end to end through pipelines to form a spray circulation loop. The spray cooling box is connected in series on the fresh air pipeline and is located on the air inlet side of the valley cooling fan. The water tank and the circulating water pump are buried underground. The fresh air pipeline also has an underground air duct, and the underground air duct is located at the air inlet side of the spray cooling box.

2. The semi-underground granary ventilation and cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a control unit, which includes a controller, a fresh air temperature sensor, a supply air temperature sensor arranged on the buried pipe, and a return air temperature sensor arranged on the return air duct. The signal output ends of the fresh air temperature sensor, the supply air temperature sensor, and the return air temperature sensor are all connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control output end of the controller is connected to the control input end of the valley cooling fan, the fresh air valve, the exhaust valve, and the spray unit.

3. The semi-underground granary ventilation and cooling system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A dehumidification unit is arranged on the fresh air duct between the spray cooling box and the valley cooling fan. The dehumidification unit includes a humidity sensor and a cooling dehumidifier. The signal output end of the humidity sensor is connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the control input end of the cooling dehumidifier is connected to the control output end of the controller.

4. The semi-underground granary ventilation and cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The depth of the underground air duct and the buried pipe is 1.5m to 2.5m.

5. The semi-underground granary ventilation and cooling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lower part of the spray cooling box is provided with a plurality of nozzles pointing vertically upward.

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