Z-axis high-speed counterweight system of machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a machine tool Z-axis high-speed counterweight system which comprises a Z-axis support, a saddle, a Z-axis linear rail, a Z-axis sliding seat, a spindle box body, a Z-axis linear motor module, an energy storage tank body, a hydraulic station and a nitrogen balance cylinder, and the energy storage tank body is respectively connected with the hydraulic station and the nitrogen balance cylinder through pipelines. The energy storage device is reasonable in structural design, a certain amount of nitrogen is filled into the energy storage tank body, the hydraulic station pumps hydraulic oil into the energy storage tank body, the pressure intensity of the energy storage tank body is kept within a certain range, when the pressure intensity in the energy storage tank body is smaller than a set value, the hydraulic station pumps the hydraulic oil in time, and it is guaranteed that the pressure intensity in the energy storage tank body is kept within the set range all the time; the energy storage tank and the nitrogen balance cylinder keep consistent pressure intensity, the acting force of the nitrogen balance cylinder counteracts the gravity of the spindle box body and the gravity of components on the spindle box body, the inertia load during Z-axis movement is effectively reduced, the dynamic stability is improved, the spindle box body can do rapid lifting action, and the requirement for high-speed movement machining is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, and particularly relates to a high-speed counterweight system for the Z-axis of a machine tool applied to a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the stability of the gravity axis of a numerically controlled machine tool during high-speed movement and ensure high precision of the gravity axis of the numerically controlled machine tool during high-speed movement. When the gravity axis of the numerically controlled machine tool moves up and down, due to inertia, the quality of the stability of the counterweight of the gravity axis directly affects its movement accuracy, especially in a machine tool at the micron level, the influence is most obvious.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used counterweight method for numerically controlled machine tools is counterweight with counterweight blocks. For example, the utility model patent with the publication number "CN217143259U" and the name "A Machine Tool Counterweight Structure" discloses a machine tool counterweight structure, including a bracket, a counterweight block, a machine tool connection flange and two groups of connecting chains. The bracket includes a bottom plate and a vertical plate. The bottom of the vertical plate is vertically installed on the left side of the top surface of the bottom plate. Two groups of front side sprockets and two groups of rear side sprockets are rotatably installed at the top of the vertical plate. The machine tool connection flange and the counterweight block are respectively arranged on both sides of the vertical plate. The connecting chains include a front side connecting chain and a rear side connecting chain. The left ends of the front and rear side connecting chains are connected to the top of the machine tool connection flange, and the right ends of the front and rear side connecting chains are connected to the top of the counterweight block. The middle parts of the front and rear side connecting chains are respectively wound around the outer edges of the tops of the two groups of front side sprockets and rear side sprockets. A guiding and buffering mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate, and the bottom of the counterweight block is movably arranged outside the guiding and buffering mechanism. Although its weight offsets the weight of the gravity axis unit through the weight of the counterweight block, thereby improving the rapid traverse speed of the machine tool, when the speed and acceleration are relatively large, partial weight loss of the counterweight body will occur, and at this time, the effect of balancing the gravity axis will be reduced, and the response characteristics are poor, which is not suitable for high-speed machining. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the above deficiencies, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a high-speed counterweight system for the Z-axis of a machine tool with reasonable structural design, good counterweight effect and suitable for high-speed machining.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present utility model is:

[0006] A high-speed counterweight system for the Z-axis of a machine tool, which comprises a Z-axis support, a saddle, Z-axis linear guide rails, a Z-axis slide, a spindle box, a Z-axis linear motor module, an energy storage tank, a hydraulic station and a nitrogen balance cylinder. The Z-axis support is installed on the saddle. The Z-axis linear guide rails and the Z-axis linear motor module are arranged on the back of the spindle box. The Z-axis slide is slidably arranged on the Z-axis linear guide rails and is fixed to the Z-axis support. The mover seat of the Z-axis linear motor module is connected to the Z-axis support or the saddle. The nitrogen balance cylinder is vertically arranged on the Z-axis support, and the piston rod of the nitrogen balance cylinder is connected to the spindle box. The energy storage tank is connected to the hydraulic station and the nitrogen balance cylinder respectively through pipelines. The nitrogen balance cylinder provides a balancing force to reduce the working load of the Z-axis linear motor module, enabling the spindle box to move at high speed and improving the working efficiency and precision.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, reinforcing plates are provided on both sides of the Z-axis support. The cylinder body of the nitrogen balance cylinder is installed on the reinforcing plate through a cylinder seat. The piston rod of the nitrogen balance cylinder passes through the cylinder seat and is hinged with a connecting frame, and the connecting frame is fixed to the side wall of the spindle box. The energy storage tank is arranged on the side wall of the reinforcing plate through a mounting seat. The reinforcing plate is used to enhance the bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability of the Z-axis support, and at the same time, it also facilitates the installation of the nitrogen balance cylinder and the energy storage tank.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, reinforcing ribs are provided on the outer wall of the spindle box. The spindle box is of a hollow structure. On the basis of ensuring the structural strength of the spindle box, the inside of the spindle box is hollowed out to form a hollow structure, reducing the weight of the spindle box and being more conducive to high-speed machining.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, strip-shaped bosses for installing the Z-axis linear guide rails are symmetrically provided on both sides of the back of the spindle box; while facilitating the installation of the Z-axis linear guide rails, it also further enhances the structural strength of the spindle box.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, a spindle swivel head is provided at the lower end of the spindle box. The design of the spindle swivel head enables the machine tool to have a multi-axis linkage function, capable of performing efficient machining of complex curved surfaces and at multiple angles, significantly expanding the machining capacity and application range of the machine tool.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The structure of the present utility model is reasonably designed. A certain amount of nitrogen is filled into the energy storage tank body, and the hydraulic station pumps hydraulic oil into the energy storage tank body to keep the pressure in the energy storage tank body within a certain range. When the pressure in the energy storage tank body is insufficient to reach the set value, the hydraulic station pumps in hydraulic oil in time to ensure that the pressure in the energy storage tank body always remains within the set range; the energy storage tank body and the nitrogen balance cylinder maintain the same pressure, and the force of the nitrogen balance cylinder offsets the gravity of the main shaft box body and its components, effectively reducing the inertial load during the movement of the Z-axis, improving the dynamic stability, enabling the main shaft box body to perform rapid lifting actions, and meeting the requirements of high-speed movement processing.

[0012] The following further describes the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 is a partial structural schematic Figure 1 .

[0015] Figure 3 is a partial structural schematic Figure 2 . Specific Embodiment

[0016] See Figures 1 to 3 , a Z-axis high-speed counterweight system for a machine tool provided in this embodiment includes a Z-axis bracket 1, a saddle 2, a Z-axis linear guide 3, a Z-axis slide 4, a main shaft box 5, a Z-axis linear motor module 6, an energy storage tank 7, a hydraulic station 8, a nitrogen balance cylinder 9, and a main shaft swivel head 10. Reinforcing ribs 51 are provided on the outer wall of the main shaft box 5 to ensure the ability to resist deformation and vibration during high-speed machining and maintain machining accuracy. The main shaft box 5 is a hollow structure. On the basis of ensuring the structural strength of the main shaft box 5, the inside of the main shaft box 5 is hollowed out to form a hollow structure, reducing the weight of the main shaft box 5, helping to reduce the inertia of the Z-axis movement, improving the movement response speed, and being more conducive to high-speed machining.

[0017] The Z-axis bracket 1 is fixedly installed on the saddle 2. The Z-axis linear guide 3 and the Z-axis linear motor module 6 are arranged on the back of the spindle box 5. Preferably, strip-shaped bosses 52 for installing the Z-axis linear guide 3 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the back of the spindle box 5. The symmetrically arranged strip-shaped bosses 52 provide an accurate positioning reference for the Z-axis linear guide 3, facilitating accurate installation and ensuring the straightness and accuracy of the Z-axis movement. At the same time, the strip-shaped bosses 52 also enhance the structural strength of the spindle box 5, being beneficial to bearing the loads of the Z-axis linear guide 3 and the slide seat and maintaining the stability during long-term operation. The Z-axis slide 4 is slidably arranged on the Z-axis linear guide 3 and is fixed to the Z-axis bracket 1. The mover seat of the Z-axis linear motor module 6 is connected to the Z-axis bracket 1 and / or the saddle 2. Specifically, the Z-axis linear motor module 6 includes a stator component and a mover component. The stator component includes an iron core and coils arranged on the iron core, and the mover component includes a mover seat and magnets arranged on the mover seat. When the power supply provides current, the stator component generates a magnetic field. When the magnetic field generated by the stator component acts on the moving part, the magnets are affected by the magnetic force and drive the mover seat to move along the Z-axis direction. In this embodiment, since the mover seat is fixed to the Z-axis bracket 1 and / or the saddle 2 and cannot move in the Z-axis direction, it forces the stator component to move along the Z-axis direction, causing the stator component and the mover component to swap the roles of the fixed and moving reference objects, that is, realizing the movement of the spindle box 5 fixed to the stator component along the Z-axis direction.

[0018] The nitrogen balance cylinder 9 is vertically arranged on the Z-axis bracket 1. The piston rod of the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 is connected to the spindle box 5. The energy storage tank 7 is connected to the hydraulic station 8 and the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 respectively through pipelines. The nitrogen balance cylinder 9 provides a balancing force, reducing the working load of the Z-axis linear motor module 6, enabling the spindle box 5 to move at high speed, and improving the working efficiency and accuracy.

[0019] Preferably, reinforcing plates 11 are provided on both sides of the Z-axis bracket 1. The cylinder body of the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 is installed on the reinforcing plate 11 through a cylinder seat 12. The piston rod of the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 passes through the cylinder seat 12 and is hinged with a connecting frame 13, allowing the piston rod and the connecting frame 13 to swing freely within a certain range, with good cooperation effect. The connecting frame 13 is fixed on the side wall of the spindle box 5. The energy storage tank 7 is arranged on the side wall of the reinforcing plate 11 through a mounting seat 14. The reinforcing plate 11 is used to enhance the bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability of the Z-axis bracket 1. Especially when dealing with the large loads generated by the high-speed movement of the Z-axis, it can effectively prevent the bracket from deforming and ensure the stable operation of the system. At the same time, it also brings convenience to the installation of the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 and the energy storage tank 7, making full use of the space, making the layout of the entire system more compact, and having a good installation effect, avoiding loosening or displacement of the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 and the energy storage tank 7 due to vibration or impact and ensuring their normal operation.

[0020] The spindle swing head 10 is arranged at the lower end of the spindle box body 5. The spindle swing head 10 preferably has degrees of freedom of B-axis and C-axis, which can realize the flexible swing of the spindle, enabling the machine tool to have multi-axis linkage function, capable of performing efficient machining of complex curved surfaces and multi-angles, adapting to the requirements of different workpiece shapes and clamping positions, and improving the operation flexibility and production efficiency of the machine tool.

[0021] During operation, a certain amount of nitrogen is filled into the energy storage tank body 7. The hydraulic station 8 pumps hydraulic oil into the energy storage tank body 7 through pipelines to keep the energy storage tank body 7 at a certain range of pressure. When the pressure in the energy storage tank body 7 is less than the set value, the hydraulic station 8 pumps in hydraulic oil in time to ensure that the pressure in the energy storage tank body 7 always remains within the set range; since the energy storage tank body 7 is connected to the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 through pipelines, the two can maintain the same pressure. The telescopic rod of the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 is connected to the spindle box body 5, so that the gravity of the spindle box body 5 and the components thereon can be offset by the pressure in the nitrogen balance cylinder 9, effectively reducing the inertial load during the movement of the Z-axis. When the nitrogen balance cylinder 9 makes telescopic movement, the hydraulic oil flows back and forth between the energy storage tank body 7 and the nitrogen balance cylinder 9, always being in a dynamic balance state. The spindle box body 5 is driven by the Z-axis linear motor module 6 to make high-speed lifting movement along the Z-axis direction, with high working efficiency.

[0022] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above specification, those skilled in the art of the present utility model can also make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present utility model. As described in the above embodiments of the present utility model, other systems obtained by adopting the same or similar structures are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-speed counterweight system for a machine tool Z-axis, comprising a Z-axis bracket and a saddle, characterized in that: It also includes a Z-axis line rail, a Z-axis slide, a spindle box, a Z-axis linear motor module, an energy storage tank, a hydraulic station and a nitrogen balance cylinder. The Z-axis bracket is installed on the saddle, the Z-axis line rail and the Z-axis linear motor module are arranged on the back of the spindle box, the Z-axis slide is slidably arranged on the Z-axis line rail and fixed to the Z-axis bracket, and the mover seat of the Z-axis linear motor module is connected to the Z-axis bracket or the saddle; the nitrogen balance cylinder is vertically arranged on the Z-axis bracket, the piston rod of the nitrogen balance cylinder is connected to the spindle box, and the energy storage tank is connected to the hydraulic station and the nitrogen balance cylinder through pipelines.

2. The machine tool Z-axis high-speed counterweight system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reinforcing plates are provided on both sides of the Z-axis bracket, and the cylinder body of the nitrogen balance cylinder is installed on the reinforcing plates through a cylinder seat.

3. The machine tool Z-axis high-speed counterweight system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston rod of the nitrogen balance cylinder passes through the cylinder seat and is hinged with a connecting frame, which is fixed on the side wall of the spindle box.

4. The machine tool Z-axis high-speed counterweight system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy storage tank is arranged on the side wall of the reinforcing plate through a mounting seat.

5. The machine tool Z-axis high-speed counterweight system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the spindle housing is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the spindle housing is a hollow structure.

6. The machine tool Z-axis high-speed counterweight system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Strip-shaped bosses for mounting the Z-axis line rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the back side of the spindle housing.

7. The machine tool Z-axis high-speed counterweight system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A spindle swing head is arranged at the lower end of the spindle box body.

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