Stone ballast unloading and flattening vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a stone ballast discharging and flattening vehicle which comprises an opening and closing mechanism installed on a vehicle bottom discharging opening and a material collecting trailer installed under the vehicle bottom through a lifting mechanism. A guide groove matched with a ballast track is formed in the material collecting trailer. According to the utility model, the opening and closing mechanism unloads stone ballasts, and meanwhile, the aggregate trailer can flatten the stone ballasts on the track, so that the operation process can be simplified, and the operation efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of railway operations, and more specifically, to a ballast unloading and spreading vehicle. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of ballasted railway engineering lines, most lines use K13 ballast cars to unload ballast. There are 4 unloading ports on both sides of the K13 car body. The unloading is achieved by controlling the traveling speed of the ballast-carrying train and the opening and closing of the pneumatically controlled bottom doors. Since the unloading ports are located on both sides of the car body in the width direction and are fixed in position and cannot be adjusted, after the unloading gate is opened, the opening and closing size of the bottom door needs to be adjusted manually; and affected by the lack of ballast on the line, the lack of ballast in different sections is different, and only the opening and closing of the bottom door can be adjusted manually. Moreover, the amount of ballast discharged cannot be effectively matched with the running speed of the train, resulting in the ballast material not being evenly spread on the subgrade, and the ballast discharged from the middle door cannot be evenly filled, which will cause ballast accumulation and vehicle derailment, and manual or other engineering equipment is required to assist in spreading during subsequent construction, resulting in a more complicated process and increased costs. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a ballast unloading and spreading vehicle, which can spread the ballast material while unloading the ballast material, simplify the operation process, and improve the on-site construction efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A ballast unloading and spreading vehicle,

[0006] comprising an opening and closing mechanism installed on the unloading port at the bottom of the vehicle and an aggregate drag bucket installed under the vehicle through a lifting mechanism;

[0007] The aggregate drag bucket is provided with a guide groove matching the ballasted track.

[0008] Wherein, the lifting mechanism includes a cylinder support,

[0009] a lifting cylinder installed on the cylinder support,

[0010] a first driving rocker arm connected to the lifting cylinder,

[0011] a sliding bearing seat fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body,

[0012] a lifting rotating shaft passing through the sliding bearing seat and drivingly fixedly connected to the first driving rocker arm,

[0013] a link mechanism respectively fixedly connected to the lifting rotating shaft and the aggregate drag bucket.

[0014] Among them, the link mechanism includes a driving arm and a connecting rod. One end of the driving arm is fixedly installed on the lifting rotating shaft, the other end of the driving arm is connected to the connecting rod through a shaft member, and the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the aggregate hopper.

[0015] Among them, long strip-shaped shaft holes and lifting rotating shaft holes are respectively formed at both ends of the first driving rocker arm. The lifting rotating shaft passes through the lifting rotating shaft hole and is fixedly connected to the first driving rocker arm. A shaft pin is provided on the power shaft of the lifting cylinder and passes through the long strip-shaped shaft hole, and the shaft pin can slide in the long strip-shaped shaft hole.

[0016] Among them, vertical hopper guide grooves are provided on the front and rear sides of the aggregate hopper, a hopper stop support is provided on the vehicle body, and a slider slidably installed in the hopper guide groove is provided on the hopper stop support.

[0017] Among them, the opening and closing mechanism includes a two-way cylinder, a drum, a rolling rotating shaft, and a second driving rocker arm assembly.

[0018] The drum is a hollow cylindrical barrel. An outburst opening is provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical barrel along the central axis direction of the cylindrical barrel, and the drum is opposite to the discharge opening.

[0019] The rolling rotating shaft penetrates through one side bottom of the drum and is coaxial with the rolling central axis. The rolling rotating shaft is installed on the bottom plate of the vehicle body through a bearing.

[0020] The two-way cylinder is installed on the bottom plate of the vehicle body. The driving shaft of the two-way cylinder is connected to the second driving rocker arm assembly. The second driving rocker arm assembly is connected to the rolling rotating shaft and can drive the rolling rotating shaft to rotate.

[0021] Among them, the second driving rocker arm assembly includes a first rocker arm block, a second rocker arm block, a third rocker arm block, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod. The first end of the first rocker arm block is rotationally connected to the driving shaft of the two-way cylinder through a pin shaft. The second end of the first rocker arm block is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the first end of the first connecting rod. The first end of the second rocker arm block is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the second end of the first connecting rod. The second end of the second rocker arm block is rotationally connected to the first end of the second connecting rod through a pin shaft. The first end of the third rocker arm block is fixedly connected to the rolling rotating shaft. The second end of the third rocker arm block is rotationally connected to the second end of the second connecting rod through a locking shaft.

[0022] Among them, a height limiting device is further included. The height limiting device includes a chain and a nut adjusting device. The upper end of the chain is fixed to the vehicle body, and the lower end of the chain is installed on the side surface of the aggregate hopper through the nut adjusting device.

[0023] Wherein, a gate shaft support plate is provided on the vehicle body bottom plate, and the gate shaft support plate and the rolling shaft are installed on the gate shaft support plate through bearings.

[0024] Wherein, the bottom of the vehicle body further comprises a ballast beam, the ballast beam is arranged on the discharge port, the ballast beam is opposite to the gap between the rollers, and a V-shaped structural plate is also arranged on the ballast beam;

[0025] The vehicle body is also provided with two side plates, which are tilted between the two sides of the vehicle body, and the lower ends of the two side plates are in contact with the front and rear sides of the unloading port of the vehicle body.

[0026] It also includes a locking device installed between the aggregate trailer and the vehicle body.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, this utility model is a ballast unloading and leveling vehicle, comprising an opening and closing mechanism installed on the unloading port at the bottom of the vehicle and a material collection bucket installed under the vehicle through a lifting mechanism; the material collection bucket is provided with a guide groove matching the ballasted track. The opening and closing mechanism unloads the ballast material, and the material collection bucket can flatten the ballast material on the track, which can simplify the operation process and improve the operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a side view of the ballast unloading and leveling vehicle of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 It is an internal schematic diagram of the ballast unloading and leveling vehicle of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading port of the ballast unloading and leveling vehicle of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism structure of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the opening and closing mechanism of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a left side view of the ballast unloading and leveling vehicle of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bucket guard support structure of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first driving rocker arm of the present utility model;

[0037] In the figure, vehicle body 100, discharge opening 200, opening and closing mechanism 300, lifting mechanism 400, aggregate hopper 500, guide groove 510, lifting cylinder 410, first driving rocker arm 420, sliding bearing seat 430, lifting rotating shaft 440, link mechanism 450, driving arm 451, connecting rod 452, long strip-shaped shaft hole 421, lifting rotating shaft hole 422, hopper guide groove 520, hopper stop support 600, slider 610, double-acting cylinder 310, roller 320, muck outlet 321, rolling rotating shaft 330, second driving rocker arm assembly 340, first rocker arm block 341, second rocker arm block 342, third rocker arm block 343, first connecting rod 344, second connecting rod 345, muck dividing beam 210, V-shaped structural plate 220, side plate 110, gate shaft support plate 120. Specific embodiments

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present utility model, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0040] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0041] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meanings of "a plurality of" and "several" are two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0042] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementable conditions of the present utility model. Therefore, they do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present utility model can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present utility model.

[0043] The embodiments of the present utility model are written in a progressive manner.

[0044] As shown in the figure, a ballast unloading and leveling vehicle

[0045] comprises an opening and closing mechanism 300 installed at the discharge opening 200 of the vehicle bottom and an aggregate drag bucket 500 installed under the vehicle bottom through a lifting mechanism 400;

[0046] The aggregate drag bucket 500 is provided with a guide groove 510 matching the ballast track.

[0047] In the prior art, for a ballast unloading vehicle, the ballast cannot be evenly filled through the middle door, which may cause ballast accumulation and derailment of the vehicle. During subsequent construction, manual labor or other engineering equipment is required to assist in leveling, resulting in complex procedures. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle of the present invention includes an opening and closing mechanism 300 installed at the unloading port 200 at the bottom of the vehicle and an aggregate hopper 500 installed under the vehicle bottom through a lifting mechanism 400. A guiding groove 510 matching the ballast track is provided on the aggregate hopper 500. When unloading is required, the height of the aggregate hopper 500 is adjusted to the target height through the lifting mechanism 400, and the opening and closing mechanism 300 is opened. The ballast in the vehicle enters the aggregate hopper 500 through the unloading port 200. The guiding groove 510 can adjust the position of the ballast falling onto the track, thereby playing a leveling role. By adjusting the height of the aggregate hopper 500, the control of the ballast is achieved. When the road surface of a certain section of the track is relatively low and more ballast is required, the aggregate hopper 500 is lowered more. When the aggregate hopper 500 contacts the track surface and then the opening and closing mechanism 300 is opened, the ballast falls from the unloading port 200 through the aggregate hopper 500 onto the track. On the contrary, when the road surface of a certain section of the track is relatively high and less ballast is required, the aggregate hopper 500 is lowered less to meet the operation requirements. When the aggregate hopper 500 contacts the track surface and then the opening and closing mechanism 300 is opened, the ballast falls from the unloading port 200 through the aggregate hopper 500 onto the track, achieving the purpose of controlling the ballast.

[0048] The lifting mechanism 400 of the present invention includes a cylinder support, a lifting cylinder 410 installed on the cylinder support, a first driving rocker arm 420 connected to the lifting cylinder 410, a sliding bearing seat 430 fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body 100, a lifting rotating shaft 440 passing through the sliding bearing seat 430 and drivingly fixedly connected to the first driving rocker arm 420, and a connecting rod mechanism 450 respectively fixedly connected to the lifting rotating shaft 440 and the aggregate hopper 500. The function of the lifting mechanism 400 is to adjust the height of the aggregate hopper 500. A sliding bearing seat 430 is installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 100 of the present invention, and two pairs of sliding bearing seats 430 can be symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the vehicle body 100. The sliding bearing seat 430 is the support point of the entire hopper system and is welded under the vehicle body 100. Its main function is to support the rotating shaft and reduce the dynamic friction, making the lifting system operate more smoothly. Two lifting rotating shafts 440 pass through the two sliding bearing seats 430 on one side. The lifting rotating shaft 440 can rotate in the sliding bearing seat 430. The power shaft of the lifting cylinder 410 can move up and down, driving the movement of the first driving rocker arm 420. The first driving rocker arm 420 converts the up and down movement of the power shaft of the lifting cylinder 410 into the rotational movement of the lifting rotating shaft 440. The connecting rod mechanism 450 is respectively installed on the lifting rotating shaft 440 and the aggregate hopper 500. The rotational movement of the lifting rotating shaft 440 can be converted into the up and down movement of the aggregate hopper 500, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the aggregate hopper 500.

[0049] As an alternative embodiment, the air cylinder support can be made by welding steel plates. The air cylinder support is welded integrally with the vehicle body 100 and is located in the two-end control cab, which can bear the torque generated when the lifting cylinder 410 expands and contracts, ensuring the stable operation of the lifting cylinder 410.

[0050] The link mechanism 450 of the present utility model includes a driving arm 451 and a connecting rod 452. One end of the driving arm 451 is fixedly installed on the lifting rotating shaft 440. The other end of the driving arm 451 is connected to the connecting rod 452 through a shaft member. The lower end of the connecting rod 452 is fixedly connected to the aggregate hopper 500. When one end of the driving arm 451 is fixedly installed on the lifting rotating shaft 440 and the lifting rotating shaft 440 rotates, the other end of the driving arm 451 will rise or fall, thereby driving the shaft member to rise or fall. The upper end of the connecting rod 452 is lifted or lowered, and at this time, the aggregate hopper 500 is driven to move up and down.

[0051] At both ends of the first driving rocker arm 420 of the present utility model, there are respectively provided a long-strip-shaped shaft hole 421 and a lifting rotating shaft hole 422. The lifting rotating shaft 440 passes through the lifting rotating shaft hole 422 and is fixedly connected to the first driving rocker arm 420. On the power shaft of the lifting cylinder 410, there is a shaft pin passing through the long-strip-shaped shaft hole 421, and the shaft pin can slide in the long-strip-shaped shaft hole 421. The first driving rocker arm 420 is installed at the end of the power shaft of the lifting cylinder 410. When the power shaft of the lifting cylinder 410 moves up and down, the shaft pin slides in the long-strip-shaped shaft, drives one end of the first driving rocker arm 420 to move up and down, and drives the lifting rotation. The rotation of the lifting rotating shaft 440 can drive the aggregate hopper 500 to move up and down through the link mechanism 450. The stress part of the first driving rocker arm 420 can be in the shape of a long groove. A hardenable pin sleeve is sleeved on the end of the power shaft of the lifting cylinder 410. When the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 410 moves up and down, the pin shaft drives the pin sleeve to move up and down synchronously and move relative to the long-strip-shaped shaft hole 421 of the first driving rocker arm 420, thereby driving the first driving rocker arm 420 to rotate around the lifting rotating shaft 440. The inner and outer surfaces of the hardenable pin sleeve should be coated with grease regularly to meet its lubrication requirements. On the front and rear sides of the aggregate hopper 500 of the present utility model, there are provided vertical hopper guide grooves 520. On the vehicle body 100, there is provided a hopper stop support 600, and on the hopper stop support 600, there is a slider 610 slidably installed in the hopper guide groove 520. In order to prevent the aggregate hopper 500 from moving left and right during the ascending or descending process, and also to ensure that the guide groove 510 of the aggregate hopper 500 matches the rail of the ballast track and ensure that the ballast is stably discharged to the target position on the track, the hopper guide groove 520 is vertically arranged, and the slider 610 of the hopper stop support 600 can only move up and down in the hopper guide groove 520 and will not move left and right. Therefore, it is ensured that the aggregate hopper 500 will not move left and right, and the stability of the operation of the unloading and spreading vehicle can be ensured.

[0052] The opening and closing mechanism 300 of the present utility model includes a two-way cylinder 310, a roller 320, a rolling rotating shaft 330 and a second driving rocker arm assembly 340. The roller 320 is a hollow cylindrical tube. On the outer surface of the cylindrical tube, there is provided a ballast outlet 321 along the central axis direction of the cylindrical tube. The roller 320 is opposite to the discharge port 200. The rolling rotating shaft 330 penetrates through one side bottom of the roller 320 and is coaxial with the rolling central axis. The rolling rotating shaft 330 is installed on the bottom plate of the vehicle body 100 through a bearing. The two-way cylinder 310 is installed on the bottom plate of the vehicle body 100. The driving shaft of the two-way cylinder 310 is connected to the second driving rocker arm assembly 340. The second driving rocker arm assembly 340 is connected to the rolling rotating shaft 330 and can drive the rolling rotating shaft 330 to rotate.

[0053] The opening and closing mechanism 300 with a drum designed by the utility model discharges materials by the rotation of the drum 320, which overcomes the problem that the opening and closing mechanism 300 of the traditional ballast unloading vehicle cannot be closed or it is difficult to close the gate due to the accumulation and extrusion of ballast inside the hopper. At the same time, the symmetrical structure of the drum 320 has good structural rigidity and durability in use.

[0054] The second driving rocker arm assembly 340 of the utility model includes a first rocker arm block 341, a second rocker arm block 342, a third rocker arm block 343, a first connecting rod 344 and a second connecting rod 345. The first end of the first rocker arm block 341 is rotationally connected to the driving shaft of the double-acting cylinder 310 through a pin shaft. The second end of the first rocker arm block 341 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the first end of the first connecting rod 344. The first end of the second rocker arm block 342 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the second end of the first connecting rod 344. The second end of the second rocker arm block 342 is rotationally connected to the first end of the second connecting rod 345 through a pin shaft. The first end of the third rocker arm block 343 is fixedly connected to the rolling rotating shaft 330. The second end of the third rocker arm block 343 is rotationally connected to the second end of the second connecting rod 345 through a locking shaft.

[0055] As an alternative embodiment, the driving shaft of the double-acting cylinder 310 is perpendicular to the first connecting rod 344, the first connecting rod 344 is parallel to the rolling rotating shaft 330, and the second connecting rod 345 is perpendicular to the first connecting rod 344 and the rolling rotating shaft 330.

[0056] The compressed air enters the double-acting cylinder 310 through the air duct, pushing the piston in the cylinder to drive the driving shaft to move forward, driving the first end of the first rocker arm block 341 to move left and right, so that the first connecting rod 344 rotates, driving the second rocker arm block 342 to rotate around the first connecting rod 344, and the second end of the second rocker arm block 342 rotates around the first end, thereby driving the movement of the second connecting rod 345. The second end of the third rocker arm block 343 rotationally connected to the second end of the second connecting rod 345 also rotates accordingly. The third rocker arm block 343 is fixedly connected to the rolling rotating shaft 330, and the second end of the third rocker arm block 343 rotates around the first end, realizing the rotation of the rolling rotating shaft 330. The rotation of the rolling rotating shaft 330 drives the rotation of the roller, which can make the ballast outlet of the roller face upward or downward, thereby realizing the unloading of the ballast in the vehicle body 100.

[0057] The ballast unloading and spreading vehicle of the utility model further includes a height limiting device, which includes a chain and a nut adjusting device. The upper end of the chain is fixed to the vehicle body 100, and the lower end of the chain is installed on the side of the aggregate drag bucket 500 through the nut adjusting device.

[0058] To ensure the height of the aggregate hopper 500 is controllable, the ballast unloading and spreading vehicle of the present utility model is also provided with a height limiting device to meet the construction requirements of operating at different ballast bed heights. The height limiting device consists of a chain and a nut adjusting device. The upper end of the chain is fixed on the vehicle body 100, and the lower end of the chain is fixed on the side of the hopper by the nut adjusting device. When placing the aggregate hopper downward, since the length of the chain limits the descending limit of the aggregate hopper 500, the descending height of the aggregate hopper 500 is restricted, thereby controlling the bottom height of the aggregate hopper 500 and making the height of the ballast falling on the roadbed controlled. A total of four such height limiting devices are provided, symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the aggregate hopper 500.

[0059] The aggregate hopper 500 of the present utility model is welded by steel plates. The aggregate hopper 500 is divided into three aggregate openings on the left, middle, and right. During unloading, the ballast inside the vehicle body 100 is concentrated inside the hopper. According to different ballast requirements, the height of the hopper's lifting and lowering is controlled by the lifting mechanism 400. In cooperation with the forward movement of the train, the ballast is spread flat by using the guiding groove 510 of the aggregate hopper 500 and the bottom ballast leveling plate, and the ballast inside the hopper is evenly paved on the road center and both sides of the rail to achieve uniform ballast replenishment.

[0060] The bottom of the vehicle body 100 of the present utility model further includes a ballast dividing beam 210. The ballast dividing beam 210 is arranged above the discharge opening 200. The gap between the ballast dividing beam 210 and the roller 320 is opposite. The ballast dividing beam 210 is also provided with a V-shaped structural plate 220. The ballast dividing beam 210 and the roller together form the bottom of the carriage. Its function is to evenly reverse the ballast inside the vehicle body 100 onto the upper part of the 4 rollers during the ballast unloading process, and guide the ballast into the discharge opening 321, avoiding uneven ballast unloading, resulting in ballast accumulation and partial load phenomenon. The V-shaped structural plate 220 mainly bears the pressure from the ballast inside the vehicle, and at the same time can quickly guide the ballast into the discharge opening 321;

[0061] Two side plates 110 are also provided inside the vehicle body 100. The side plates 110 are inclined between the two sides of the vehicle body 100. The lower ends of the two side plates 110 are in contact with the front and rear sides of the discharge opening 200 of the vehicle body 100. The slopes of the two side plates 110 can guide the ballast inside the vehicle body 100 to the discharge opening 200.

[0062] A gate shaft support plate 120 is provided on the bottom plate of the vehicle body 100. The rolling rotating shaft 330 is installed on the gate shaft support plate 120 through bearings. The gate shaft support plate 120 can be welded to the bottom of the vehicle. The rollers 320 are evenly installed on the gate shaft support plate 120. The gate shaft support plate 120 mainly bears the pressure of the rollers 320 and the ballast inside the vehicle.

[0063] The ballast unloading and spreading vehicle of the present utility model further includes a locking device, which is installed between the aggregate hopper 500 and the vehicle body 100. The locking device can be a mechanical locking device, which is a device connecting the aggregate hopper 500 and the vehicle body 100. To ensure driving safety, before the vehicle enters the operation site, the locking device is installed so that the ground clearance of the aggregate hopper 500 is greater than or equal to 180 mm. When entering the operation site, the locking device is released to carry out the operation. After the operation is completed, the locking device is reinstalled to limit the height of the aggregate hopper 500.

[0064] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A ballast unloading and leveling vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body (100), and also comprises: an opening and closing mechanism (300) installed on a discharge port (200) at the bottom of the vehicle, and a material collection bucket (500) installed under the vehicle via a lifting mechanism (400); The aggregate hopper (500) is provided with a guide groove (510) matching the ballasted track; The lifting mechanism (400) comprises a cylinder support, A lifting cylinder (410) mounted on the cylinder support, a first driving rocker arm (420) connected to the lifting cylinder (410), A sliding bearing seat (430) fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body (100), a lifting shaft (440) passing through the sliding bearing seat (430) and being drive-fixedly connected to the first driving rocker arm (420), A connecting rod mechanism (450) fixedly connected to the lifting shaft (440) and the material collecting bucket (500) respectively; The opening and closing mechanism (300) comprises a bidirectional cylinder (310), a roller (320), a rolling shaft (330) and a second driving rocker arm assembly (340). The drum (320) is a hollow cylindrical drum, and a ballast outlet (321) is provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical drum along the central axis direction of the cylindrical drum. The drum (320) is opposite to the discharge port (200); The rolling shaft (330) passes through the bottom of one side of the roller (320) and is coaxial with the central axis of the roller (320); the rolling shaft (330) is mounted on the bottom plate of the vehicle body (100) via a bearing; The bidirectional cylinder (310) is mounted on the bottom plate of the vehicle body (100); the driving shaft of the bidirectional cylinder (310) is connected to the second driving rocker arm assembly (340); the second driving rocker arm assembly (340) is connected to the rolling shaft (330) and can drive the rolling shaft (330) to rotate.

2. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism (450) comprises a driving arm (451) and a connecting rod (452); one end of the driving arm (451) is fixedly mounted on the lifting shaft (440); the other end of the driving arm (451) is connected to the connecting rod (452) via a shaft; and the lower end of the connecting rod (452) is fixedly connected to the aggregate bucket (500).

3. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first driving rocker arm (420) is provided with a long shaft hole (421) and a lifting shaft hole (422) at both ends thereof; the lifting shaft (440) passes through the lifting shaft hole (422) and is fixedly connected to the first driving rocker arm (420); and a shaft pin is provided on the power shaft of the lifting cylinder (410) and passes through the long shaft hole (421); the shaft pin can slide in the long shaft hole (421).

4. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the aggregate trailer (500) are provided with vertical trailer guide grooves (520), the vehicle body (100) is provided with a trailer support (600), and the trailer support (600) is provided with a sliding block (610) slidably mounted in the trailer guide groove (520).

5. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving rocker arm assembly (340) comprises a first rocker arm block (341), a second rocker arm block (342), a third rocker arm block (343), a first connecting rod (344) and a second connecting rod (345); the first end of the first rocker arm block (341) is rotatably connected to the driving shaft of the bidirectional cylinder (310) via a pin shaft; the second end of the first rocker arm block (341) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the first end of the first connecting rod (344); the first end of the second rocker arm block (342) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the second end of the first connecting rod (344); the second end of the second rocker arm block (342) is rotatably connected to the first end of the second connecting rod (345) via a pin shaft; the first end of the third rocker arm block (343) is fixedly connected to the rolling shaft (330); and the second end of the third rocker arm block (343) is rotatably connected to the second end of the second connecting rod (345) via a locking shaft.

6. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a height limiting device, which includes a chain and a nut adjusting device, wherein the upper end of the chain is fixed to the vehicle body (100), and the lower end of the chain is installed on the side of the aggregate trailer (500) through the nut adjusting device.

7. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gate shaft support plate (120) is provided on the bottom plate of the vehicle body (100), and the gate shaft support plate (120) and the rolling shaft (330) are mounted on the gate shaft support plate (120) via bearings.

8. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the vehicle body (100) further comprises a ballast beam (210), the ballast beam (210) being arranged on the discharge port (200), the ballast beam (210) being opposite to the gap between the roller (320), and the ballast beam (210) being further provided with a V-shaped structural plate (220); Two side panels (110) are also provided in the vehicle body (100), and the side panels (110) are tiltedly disposed between two sides of the vehicle body (100), and the lower ends of the two side panels (110) are in contact with the front and rear sides of the discharge port (200).

9. The ballast unloading and leveling vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a locking device installed between the aggregate trailer (500) and the vehicle body (100).

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