Sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification carbon reduction filter tank transformed based on biological aerated filter

Abstract

The utility model provides a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification carbon reduction filter tank transformed based on a biological aerated filter tank. The sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification carbon reduction filter tank comprises a water inlet system, a filter system, a clear water drainage system and a backwashing system, the water inlet system comprises a water inlet header pipe, a water inlet tank, a water distribution tank, a water inlet tank and a first overflow weir; the filtering system comprises a filtering tank and a filtering layer; the clear water drainage system comprises a drainage channel, a clear water main pipe, a water outlet well, a second drainage overflow weir and a main water outlet pipe; the backwashing system comprises a nitrate nitrogen analyzer, an air blower, an air valve, a backwashing air pipeline, a backwashing water pump, a wastewater discharge pump and a wastewater pool. According to the filtering system disclosed by the utility model, the previous ceramsite filler is replaced by the sulfur autotrophic filler, the nitrogen reduction effect is obvious, the filtering bricks can bear the pressure and flow change in the water treatment process, and uniform distribution of gas and water is realized through the holes and the channels, so that the growth and activity of microorganisms are promoted, an aeration system is removed, and the power consumption is reduced; and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of denitrification filters, and particularly relates to a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification and carbon reduction filter transformed from an aerated biological filter. Background Art

[0002] High-concentration organic wastewater contains high-concentration nitrogen-containing substances (ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, organic nitrogen), phosphorus-containing substances (organic phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus) and carbon-containing substances. Among them, nitrogen is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Nitrate not only easily causes eutrophication of water bodies, but also is one of the main sources of high operating costs in the field of municipal sewage.

[0003] When filtering municipal sewage, denitrification treatment needs to be carried out first. In the prior art, a denitrification deep bed filter is mostly used. The denitrification deep bed filter is developed on the basis of the traditional V-shaped filter tank type, and special specifications and shapes of quartz sand are used as the film hanging medium for denitrifying organisms. At the same time, the deep bed is an excellent removal structure for nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 - N) and suspended solids. The medium has a good effect of intercepting suspended solids. During the backwashing cycle interval, each m 2 of the filtration area can ensure the interception of ≥7.3 kg of solid suspended solids; the characteristic of high solid load greatly extends the filtration cycle of the filter tank, reduces the number of backwashes, and can easily cope with abnormal situations such as peak flow or sludge bulking in the treatment plant.

[0004] Generally, the filter material of the denitrification deep bed filter is quartz sand with a particle size of 2-3 mm, and the filter bed depth is 1.8 m. It can remove 5-10 mg / L of TN, and the effluent SS can be controlled within 6 mg / L. At the same time, the denitrification deep bed filter has two structures: an autotrophic denitrification filter and a heterotrophic denitrification filter. Autotrophic denitrification means that autotrophic denitrifying bacteria (certain chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms) use inorganic carbon (CO 2 、HCO 3- 、CO 3 2- ) as a carbon source, mainly using inorganic substances (S, S 2- 、H 2 、S 2 O 3 2- 、Fe、Fe 2+ 、NH 4+ etc.) as the electron donor for nitrate nitrogen reduction to complete microbial metabolism, reducing NO 3 - N in the water to N 2 , and at the same time removing 1.62 g of CO 2; Heterotrophic denitrification refers to the process where heterotrophic bacteria use organic carbon sources as electron donors to reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas, and for every 1 g of N removed, 3.93 g of CO is increased. 2 It can be seen from this that making full use of autotrophic denitrification to complete nitrogen removal can reduce the addition of carbon sources and lower the CO 2 emissions, achieving carbon emission reduction.

[0005] For denitrification deep bed filters to remove nitrogen, a certain amount of carbon source must be added. When the amount of carbon source added is insufficient, the denitrification reaction is affected and the TN in the effluent does not meet the standard. However, excessive addition of carbon source not only results in high operating costs but also poses a risk of increased COD and BOD in the effluent. Therefore, precise dosing of the carbon source is crucial. If the carbon source contains a large amount of impurities, it is easy to form dense colloidal substances on the quartz sand surface of the filter, affecting the denitrification and filtration effects. This is an important problem that denitrification filters need to solve.

[0006] The removal of organic matter in sewage treatment plants is concentrated in the secondary biochemical section. After the effluent standards are improved in some areas, higher requirements are put forward for TN. The aerated biological filter has a large aeration volume and mainly removes organic matter, with an insignificant denitrification effect. Therefore, in-situ transformation of the tank body to enhance the denitrification effect has become one of the key points in the transformation of sewage treatment plants.

[0007] Based on this, a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification and carbon reduction filter based on the transformation of an aerated biological filter is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is aimed at the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies, and provides a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification and carbon reduction filter based on the transformation of an aerated biological filter to solve the problem that a certain amount of carbon source must be added for nitrogen removal in existing denitrification deep bed filters. When the amount of carbon source added is insufficient, the denitrification reaction is affected and the TN in the effluent does not meet the standard. However, excessive addition of carbon source not only results in high operating costs but also poses a risk of increased COD and BOD in the effluent. Therefore, precise dosing of the carbon source is crucial. If the carbon source contains a large amount of impurities, it is easy to form dense colloidal substances on the quartz sand surface of the filter, affecting the denitrification and filtration effects; at the same time, in-situ transformation of the aerated biological filter reduces the transformation cost, saves land occupation, removes the aeration system and filter plate filter heads, installs filter bricks and air distribution systems, reduces the aeration volume and operating costs, replaces the ceramsite filler with a sulfur autotrophic filler, and reduces CO 2 emissions.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: A sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification and carbon reduction filter based on the transformation of an aerated biological filter, including an inlet system, a filtration system, a clear water drainage system, and a backwashing system;

[0010] The water inlet system includes a main water inlet pipe, a water inlet tank, a sub-tank, a water inlet trough, and a first overflow weir;

[0011] The water inlet tank is in a pool shape. The main water inlet pipe is arranged in the upper middle part of the front wall of the water inlet tank, and the main water inlet pipe is used to transport external sewage into the water inlet tank.

[0012] On one side of the first overflow weir of the water inlet tank, there are sub-tanks with the same specifications symmetrically arranged about the central axis. The sub-tanks are used to buffer the water storage pressure of the water inlet tank. The sub-tanks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis, and the bottom plates of the sub-tanks and the bottom plate of the water inlet tank are on the same plane.

[0013] An inlet V-shaped trough is arranged at the rear wall of the sub-tank. A flow pipe with a valve is installed at the position where the rear wall of each sub-tank contacts the middle and lower parts of the water inlet trough. The valve is used to flow the water in the sub-tank into the water inlet trough.

[0014] A first overflow weir is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet trough. The first overflow weir is used to overflow the water in the trough into the filter tank.

[0015] The filtration system includes a filter tank and a filtration layer;

[0016] The filter tank is used to achieve filtration and autotrophic denitrification; an inlet gate for controlling the water inflow is installed at the front end of each filter tank. The linear length of the sum of the two inner edges of the two filter tanks close to the water inlet trough side is equal to the linear length of the main water inlet channel.

[0017] The filtration layer is arranged at the bottom of the filter tank and is divided into a filter media layer, a gravel layer, and filter bricks from top to bottom in sequence;

[0018] Among them, the filtration and autotrophic denitrification functions of the filter media layer are realized through autotrophic filter media;

[0019] The autotrophic filter media uses sulfur as the raw material and is compounded with a biodegradable polymer material. It is made by a cooling molding process. The filter media is spherical or ellipsoidal, with a particle size of 3 - 6 mm and a bulk density of 1.15 t / m 3 , the mud content ≤ 0.5%, and the hydrochloric acid soluble rate ≤ 0.5%.

[0020] The gravel layer is circular hard siliceous yarn, and its size range is 3 - 38 mm.

[0021] The filter bricks are closely and evenly laid at the bottom of the filter tank, with a height of 0.2 m. The gravel layer is evenly laid on the filter bricks, with a height of 0.38 m. The filter media layer has a height of 2.85 m and is evenly laid on the gravel layer.

[0022] The clear water drainage system includes a drainage channel, a water outlet branch, a clear water main pipe, a water outlet well, a first drainage overflow weir, and a main outlet pipe. A drainage channel for draining water is provided at the bottom of the filter bricks. One end of a water outlet pipe is connected to the outlet branch of the drainage channel, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected to the clear water main pipe. The clear water flowing out through the drainage channel is then converged into the clear water main pipe by the water outlet pipe and then flows into an external water outlet well.

[0023] A water outlet well for collecting clear water is provided outside the filter tank. Two symmetric second drainage overflow weirs are provided in the water outlet well to collect the water discharged from both sides of the filter tank, and a main outlet pipe is provided in the center. The main outlet pipe is connected to an external clear water tank.

[0024] The backwashing system includes a nitrate nitrogen analyzer, a blower, an air valve, a backwashing air pipeline, a backwashing water pump, a waste water discharge pump, and a waste water tank. A power distribution control room is installed on the top of the original clear water tank to control various equipment in the filter tank. Among them, a nitrate nitrogen analyzer is installed on the top of the clear water tank, and the probe of the nitrate nitrogen analyzer extends into the external clear water tank and real-time detects the water quality of the clear water in the clear water tank. When the water quality deteriorates after the filtered clear water is analyzed by the nitrate nitrogen analyzer, backwashing is carried out.

[0025] Based on the in-situ renovation project, the backwashing water pumps and the main pipes of the original biological aerated filter can be fully reused, and only the branch pipes need to be renovated.

[0026] The current blowers are installed in the blower room. An air valve is installed at the outlet end of each blower, and the other end of each air valve is respectively connected to an air supply pipe. The front end of each air supply pipe is connected to an air supply main pipe. The air supply main pipe is connected to the side wall of the converging pipe. The converging pipe spans across the filter tank through a vertical support, and a branch pipe is installed at the position corresponding to each filter tank on the converging pipe. The branch pipe is vertically installed with respect to the converging pipe, and the bottom end of the branch pipe is located at the filter bricks. The air supply pipes, the air supply main pipe, the converging pipe, and the branch pipes together form the backwashing air pipeline.

[0027] A number of backwashing water pumps are installed at the bottom of the clear water tank. A backwashing water outlet pipe is respectively installed at the water outlet end of each backwashing water pump. The water outlet port of the backwashing water outlet pipe is connected to the side wall of the backwashing water converging pipe. A backwashing branch pipe is respectively installed at the position corresponding to the bottom of each filter tank on the backwashing water converging pipe. The outlet of the backwashing branch pipe is located at the bottom of the filter bricks.

[0028] The waste water is collected through the waste water drainage channel at the top of the filter tank and then gravity-drained into the waste water tank through a drain pipe.

[0029] The utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0030] 1. This utility model does not require the addition of carbon source, resulting in a reduced operating cost compared to heterotrophic denitrification filters with externally added carbon sources. At the same time, since no external carbon source is required, it can ensure stable effluent quality, avoid the risk of exceeding the COD standard in the effluent, and has a relatively wide range of applications. Municipal sewage with an influent TN range of 20 - 500 mg / L and various industrial wastewaters can all be treated.

[0031] 2. The filter media of this utility model is prepared from pyrite and biodegradable polymer materials into a composite active slow-release filler, which can improve the activity and service life of microorganisms. At the same time, the composite filter media promotes the formation of multiple reaction hot zones for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, with the advantage of fast reaction speed.

[0032] 3. The autotrophic denitrification biological filter of this utility model integrates the functions of filtering and intercepting suspended substances (SS), biological denitrification for nitrogen removal (TN), and chemical flocculation for phosphorus removal (TP) in one pool, with relatively concentrated functions.

[0033] 4. This utility model can be retrofitted in-situ to an existing aerated biological filter, reducing investment, removing the aeration system, lowering the operating cost, replacing the ceramsite filter media with sulfur autotrophic filter media, strengthening nitrogen removal while reducing CO 2 emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is the schematic plan structure diagram of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 is the schematic sectional structure diagram of this utility model;

[0036] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0037] 1 - Main inlet pipe; 2 - Inlet tank; 3 - Distribution tank; 4 - Inlet channel; 5 - First overflow weir; 6 - Filter tank; 7 - Composite filter layer; 71 - Filter media layer; 72 - Gravel layer; 73 - Filter brick; 8 - Drainage channel; 9 - Effluent branch; 10 - Main clear water pipe; 11 - Effluent well; 11’ - Second overflow weir; 12 - Main effluent pipe; 13 - Blower; 14 - Main intake pipe; 15 - Intake branch pipe; 16 - Air distribution pipe; 17 - Backwash water pump; 18 - Main backwash water inlet pipe; 19 - Backwash water diversion pipe; 20 - Backwash water outlet pipe; 21 - Vent pipe; 22 - Wastewater tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0039] As Figure 1-2 shown, the present utility model provides a technical solution: a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification and carbon reduction filter converted from an aerated biological filter, including an inlet water tank 2 and an inlet water main pipe 1 located at the front end of the inlet water tank 2. The inlet water main pipe 1 is used to input external sewage and flow it into the interior of the inlet water tank 2;

[0040] On one side of the inlet water tank 2, there are two sub-water tanks 3 with the same specifications and symmetrical about the middle axis. The inlet and outlet directions of the sub-water tank 3 are the same as those of the filter tank 6, and the number of sub-water tanks 3 is the same as that of the filter tanks 6. The sub-water tank 3 is used to relieve the water storage pressure of the inlet water tank 2. There is a first overflow weir 5 between the inlet water tank 2 and the sub-water tank 3. The height of the first overflow weir 5 is lower than the water surface height of the inlet water tank 2. The joint of the first overflow weir 5 and the sub-water tank 3 is treated with a slope. The sub-water tank 3 is connected to an inlet water trough 4 at the back. A gate for controlling the inlet water state and inlet water flow is provided on the side wall where the sub-water tank 3 and the inlet water trough 4 are connected. Behind the inlet water trough 4, there are several filter tanks 6 for sewage treatment. The length of the inlet water trough 4 is equal to the length of the filter tank 6.

[0041] The filter tank 6 is an autotrophic filter tank, and has a composite filter layer 7 inside. The composite filter layer 8 is divided into a filter material layer 71, a gravel layer 72 and a filter brick 73 from top to bottom in sequence; among them, the gravel layer 72 uses round hard siliceous sand with a range of 3 - 38 mm, and the filter brick 73 uses the filter brick that can be used in a deep bed denitrification filter tank in the prior art. The filter bricks 73 are evenly laid in the middle and lower part of the filter tank;

[0042] Among them, the autotrophic filter material is an autotrophic denitrification filter material, which is made of sulfur as the raw material and by a cooling forming process. The filter material particle size is 3 - 6 mm, the apparent shape is spherical or ellipsoidal, and the bulk density is about 1.15 t / m 3 , the mud content ≤ 0.5%, and the hydrochloric acid soluble rate ≤ 0.5%.

[0043] Inside the filter tank and at the bottom of the filter brick, there is a drainage channel 8. The drainage channel 8 and the filter tank 6 are integrally formed. At the back end of the drainage channel, there is a water outlet branch 9. A water outlet sub-pipe is connected to each water outlet branch 10. The other end of each water outlet sub-pipe is connected to a clear water main pipe 10. The other end of the clear water main pipe 10 is connected to a water outlet well 11;

[0044] Outside the filter tank, there is a water outlet well 11 for collecting clear water. Inside the water outlet well 11, there are two symmetrical drainage second overflow weirs 11' for collecting the water discharged from both sides of the filter tank. A total water outlet pipe 12 is arranged in the center, and the total water outlet pipe 12 is connected to an external original clear water tank.

[0045] In the original blower house, there is a blower 13. The air output by the blower 13 is transmitted to the intake branch pipe 15 through the main intake pipe 14 and then enters the branch air pipe 16. One branch air pipe 16 is respectively arranged in each filter tank 6, and the bottom end of the branch air pipe 16 contacts the bottom of the composite filter layer 7.

[0046] Specifically, the air outlet end of each blower 13 is respectively connected to an air outlet branch pipe. The air outlet branch pipes are commonly installed on a main intake pipe 14. The main intake pipe 14 is horizontally installed above all filter tanks 6 through a vertical bracket. At the side wall of the main intake pipe 14 corresponding to each filter tank 6, the same number of intake branch pipes 15 as that of the filter tank 6 are vertically installed. The bottom end of the branch air pipe 15 is arranged at the filter brick 73 in the filter tank 6. The filter plate and filter head of the original biological aerated filter are removed, and the filter brick 73 exclusive to the denitrification filter is installed. The original aeration system is removed, and the backwashing air distribution system is transformed.

[0047] Several backwashing water pumps 17 are installed at the lower part of the external clean water tank. The backwashing water pumps 17 can pump the clean water in the clean water tank to the main backwashing water inlet pipe 18 connected to its water outlet end. The main backwashing water inlet pipe 18 is arranged at the bottom of the filter tank. At the position of the main backwashing water inlet pipe 18 corresponding to each filter tank 7, backwashing water shunt pipes 19 are respectively arranged. The water outlet of the backwashing water shunt pipe 19 is located at the bottom of the filter brick 73.

[0048] One backwashing water outlet branch pipe is respectively installed in the upper-middle part of each filter tank 6. The backwashing water outlet branch pipes are commonly connected to a backwashing water outlet pipe 20, and the backwashing water outlet pipe 20 is connected to the original wastewater tank.

[0049] The deep bed denitrification filter is a treatment unit that combines the functions of biological denitrification and filtration. The deep bed denitrification filter is developed on the basis of the traditional V-shaped filter tank type. Special specifications and shapes of quartz sand are used as the hanging film medium for denitrifying organisms. At the same time, the deep bed is also an excellent removal structure for nitrate nitrogen NO 3 - N and suspended solids. The medium has a good effect of intercepting suspended solids. During the backwashing cycle interval, for every m 2 The filtration area can ensure that ≥7.3 kg of solid suspended solids are intercepted. The characteristic of high solid load greatly extends the filtration cycle of the filter tank, reduces the number of backwashing times, and can easily cope with abnormal situations such as peak flow or sludge bulking in the treatment plant.

[0050] The sulfur autotrophic denitrification biological filter uses the autotrophic denitrification of microorganisms to remove nitrogen, mainly for the ultimate removal of the TN index. The core of this technology is to use autotrophic denitrification filter media, which is both an efficient carrier for microorganisms and an efficient electron donor, and can also play a certain physical filtration role. As the reaction progresses, the filter media serving as the electron donor will gradually be consumed. By simply replenishing the filter media regularly, sufficient biomass and electron donor amount can be ensured to maintain the efficient progress of autotrophic denitrification.

[0051] Autotrophic denitrification refers to autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, that is, certain chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms using inorganic carbon CO 2 、HCO 3- 、CO 3 2- as the carbon source, mainly using inorganic substances such as S, S 2- 、H 2 、S 2 O 3 2- 、Fe, Fe 2+ 、NH 4+ etc. as the electron donors for nitrate nitrogen reduction to complete microbial metabolism, reducing NO 3 - N in the water to N 2 , and at the same time removing 1.62 g of CO 2 for every 1 g of N removed; heterotrophic denitrification refers to heterotrophic bacteria using organic carbon sources as electron donors to reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas, and at the same time increasing 3.93 g of CO 2 for every 1 g of N removed. It can be seen from this that making full use of autotrophic denitrification to complete nitrogen removal can reduce the addition of carbon sources and reduce the emission of CO 2 , achieving carbon emission reduction.

[0052] The key to transforming the original aerated biological filter into a sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter lies in in-situ transformation, making full use of the original structures and facilities, only removing the aeration system and filter plates, transforming the backwashing system and installing new filter bricks, reducing investment and operating costs.

[0053] Implementation case:

[0054] Filter 6 is an autotrophic filter. Among them, a liquid level sensor is installed in the upper part of each filter to detect the water level in the filter. A nitrate nitrogen analyzer for detecting water quality is installed at the upper end of the original clear water tank. An intelligent control gate is installed at each water pipe port. The remaining electronic structures are set according to the existing filters. Filter 6 is automatically controlled by PLC, and backwashing, nitrogen removal, and liquid level control are all automatic. The required programming and components at each input end are selected from existing technologies.

[0055] Autotrophic filter media is put into the autotrophic filter; the packing load rate is 0.18 - 0.60 kgNO 3- N / m 3 Filter material;

[0056] The filter tank is divided into multiple compartments, each of which has the same structure. The multiple compartments of the filter tank share a common water inlet main channel, clean water outlet main pipe 11, water inlet main pipe 1 and air inlet pipe. During filtration, the flushing water inlet valve and air inlet valve are closed, and the water in the filter tank 6 is evenly distributed to each compartment of the filter tank 6 through the water inlet trough 4;

[0057] When the sewage enters the autotrophic filter, the autotrophic denitrifying bacteria attached to and growing on the surface of the autotrophic filter use the inorganic carbon CO as the electron donor. 2 , HCO 3 - , CO 3 2- As carbon sources, inorganic S, S 2- , H 2 , S 2 O 3 2- ,Fe,Fe 2+ NH 4+ etc. as electron donors for nitrate nitrogen reduction to complete microbial metabolism and convert NO in water x - The nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are converted into nitrogen gas to complete the denitrification reaction process. Under the condition that the front-end nitrification reaction is relatively complete, this technology can stably achieve effluent TN < 10 mg / L; then it contacts the gravel layer and filter bricks, which intercept and purify the sewage. As the water flows through the composite filter layer 71, the clean water flows through the bottom filter bricks to the drainage channel and then enters the clean water main pipe, and then merges into the original clean water tank;

[0058] During the denitrification process, as nitrate nitrogen is continuously reduced to nitrogen, a large amount of nitrogen will accumulate in the denitrification filter. These gases will cause the sewage to flow around the media, thus enhancing the contact between microorganisms and water flow, and also improving the filtration efficiency; however, when too many nitrogen bubbles accumulate in the tank, it will cause head loss, resulting in poor water quality after filtration. When the water quality after filtration deteriorates, backwashing is required;

[0059] Start the blower, close the clean water outlet valve, open the air valve, and allow air to enter the filter material through the gaps in the bottom filter bricks, causing friction with the sand filter material, causing the sludge on the surface of the filter material to fall into the filter material. Then start the backwash water pump, open the flushing water valve, and allow the air to enter the filter material from the gaps in the bottom filter bricks. The backwash wastewater flows out from the water distribution channel at the top of the filter tank, and then is flushed with air and water at the same time. The backwash wastewater finally flows into the wastewater tank through the wastewater discharge pipe.

[0060] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for transforming an aerated biological filter into a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification, denitrification and carbon reduction filter, characterized in that: A water inlet main pipe (1) for inputting external sewage is arranged at the front end of the water inlet pool (2), the sewage in the water inlet pool (2) enters the water diversion pool (3) through a first overflow weir (5), a gate is arranged at the bottom of the water diversion pool (3) to enter the water inlet trough (4) and transport it to the inside of the filter pool (6), a filter layer (7) is arranged inside the filter pool (6), a drainage channel (8) is arranged at the bottom of the filter layer (7) in the filter pool (6), a water outlet branch (9) is arranged on the drainage channel (8), the water outlet branch (9) is used to transfer the clean water in the drainage channel (8) to the clean water main pipe (10) through the clean water branch, the clean water main pipe (10) is connected to an external water outlet well (11), and a second overflow weir (11') is arranged in the water outlet well (11) and finally discharged into the external clean water pool; The blower (13) is arranged in the blower room, and the air output by the blower (13) is transmitted to the air inlet branch pipe (15) through the air inlet main pipe (14) and then enters the air branch pipe (16). An air branch pipe (16) is arranged in each filter tank (6), and the bottom end of the air branch pipe (16) contacts the bottom of the composite filter layer (7); A plurality of backwash water pumps (17) are installed next to the clean water tank. A backwash water main inlet pipe (18) is provided at the outlet end of the backwash water pump (17). The backwash water main inlet pipe (18) contacts the bottom of the filter tank (6) through a backwash water diverter pipe (19). A backwash water outlet pipe (20) for discharging backwash water is provided in the middle and upper part of the filter tank (6). Wastewater in the backwash water outlet pipe (20) flows by gravity to the wastewater tank (22) in the original factory area.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is based on the transformation of an aerated biological filter into a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification, denitrification and carbon reduction filter, characterized in that: A plurality of water diversion pools (3) are arranged between the filter tank (6) and the water inlet trough (4), the water diversion pools (3) and the water inlet trough (4) are of equal height, and a first overflow weir (5) is arranged in front of each of the water diversion pools (3), the height of the first overflow weir (5) is lower than the water surface height of the water inlet tank (2), the inlet and outlet directions of the water diversion pools (3) are consistent with the inlet and outlet directions of the filter tank (6), and the number of the water diversion pools (3) and the number of the filter tanks (6) are consistent, and a slope is applied to the junction of the first overflow weir (5) and the water diversion pool (3), and the sewage in the water inlet trough (4) flows into the interior of the filter tank (6) through the slot holes.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is based on the transformation of an aerated biological filter into a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification, denitrification and carbon reduction filter, characterized in that: The composite filter layer (7) comprises a filter material layer (71), a gravel layer (72) and filter bricks (73), wherein the filter material layer (71) is an autotrophic filter material, the gravel layer (72) is made of round hard siliceous sand in the range of 3-38 mm, and the filter bricks (73) are filter bricks for deep bed denitrification filter tanks, and the filter bricks (73) are evenly laid in the middle and lower part of the filter tank (6).

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method is based on the transformation of an aerated biological filter into a sulfur autotrophic deep bed denitrification, denitrification and carbon reduction filter, characterized in that: The self-nourishing filter material is a sulfur self-nourishing filter material, which is spherical, has a particle size of 3-6 mm, and a bulk density of about 1.15 t / m 3 , mud content ≤0.5%, hydrochloric acid solubility ≤0.5%.

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