Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic assembly, which relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation equipment and comprises a photovoltaic frame, a photovoltaic cell, photovoltaic glass, a photovoltaic back plate and a cooling fan. The cooling fan is installed on the photovoltaic frame, and the cooling fan is arranged on the side, away from the photovoltaic glass, of the photovoltaic back panel. According to the utility model, air flow circulation can be formed on the surface of the photovoltaic backboard by installing the heat dissipation fan, thereby preventing local overheating of the photovoltaic assembly, improving the overall heat dissipation effect, and ensuring that the photovoltaic assembly works in a high-efficiency state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation equipment technology, in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic module is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy and usually consists of multiple solar cells. The photovoltaic module is also called a solar panel and mainly includes solar cells (photovoltaic cells), a glass layer, encapsulating materials, a backplane, a frame, and a junction box. The photovoltaic module absorbs photons in sunlight, generates a photovoltaic effect, and converts light energy into electrical energy.

[0003] Currently, a Chinese utility model patent application with the publication number CN207853840U and the publication date of September 11, 2018, proposes a solar photovoltaic module, which includes a protective shell, a backplane, a rear layer of adhesive film, solar cells, a front layer of adhesive film, a glass layer, a heat sink, a detection device, an outer frame, and shock-absorbing springs. The inner bottom surface of the protective shell is paved with a backplane, the rear layer of adhesive film is paved above the backplane, the solar cells are paved above the rear layer of adhesive film, the front layer of adhesive film is paved above the solar cells, the glass layer is arranged above the front layer of adhesive film, the bottom surface of the protective shell is connected with a heat sink, the detection device is arranged on one side of the heat sink, the outer frame is arranged outside the protective shell, and shock-absorbing springs are arranged between the outer frame and the protective shell.

[0004] During use, the backplane, the rear layer of adhesive film, the solar cells, the front layer of adhesive film, the glass layer, and the protective frame are sequentially installed in the protective shell, and the gaps between the connections of each part are sealed with silicone. The outer frame and the shock-absorbing springs are installed, and both the protective shell and the heat sink are made of aluminum alloy.

[0005] In view of the above related technologies, a heat sink is arranged in the protective shell to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic module. However, since the heat sink is arranged inside the photovoltaic protective shell, air is not easy to circulate, resulting in poor heat dissipation effect. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] In order to improve the heat dissipation effect of the photovoltaic module, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module.

[0007] The utility model provides a photovoltaic module, adopting the following technical scheme:

[0008] A photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic frame, photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic glass, a photovoltaic backplane, and a cooling fan; the photovoltaic cells are installed inside the photovoltaic frame, the photovoltaic glass is installed on one end face of the photovoltaic cells, the photovoltaic backplane is installed on one end face of the photovoltaic cells away from the photovoltaic glass, the cooling fan is installed on the photovoltaic frame, and the cooling fan is arranged on the side of the photovoltaic backplane away from the photovoltaic glass.

[0009] By adopting such a technical solution, a cooling fan is installed on the photovoltaic frame, and the cooling fan is installed on one side of the photovoltaic backplane. When the photovoltaic backplane is operating, the cooling fan blows air towards the heated photovoltaic backplane, and the air flow diverges from the blowing position of the cooling fan on the photovoltaic backplane to the surroundings, taking away the heat on the photovoltaic backplane. In this way, the heat generated during the operation of the photovoltaic cells can be effectively removed, preventing the temperature from being too high and maintaining the high-efficiency working state of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] Optionally, five cooling fans are provided, and the cooling fans are respectively arranged at the middle position of the photovoltaic backplane and the four corners of the photovoltaic backplane. The air outlet directions of the cooling fans at the four corners are opposite to that of the cooling fan at the middle position.

[0011] By adopting such a technical solution, cooling fans are respectively installed at the four corners and the middle position of the photovoltaic backplane, and the air outlet directions of the cooling fans at the corners are opposite to that of the cooling fan at the middle. When the cooling fans are operating, the air flow blows from the cooling fan at the middle towards the photovoltaic backplane and flows out from the cooling fans at the four corners along the surface of the photovoltaic backplane. In this way, the cooling air can be more evenly distributed, avoiding local overheating, improving the overall heat dissipation effect. At the same time, the air outlet directions of the fans at the four corners are opposite to that of the fan at the middle position, which helps to form an effective air flow cycle and further improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0012] Optionally, a sandwich panel is further installed on the photovoltaic frame. The sandwich panel is arranged on the side of the photovoltaic backplane away from the photovoltaic glass. A flow cavity is formed between the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane. Installation holes are provided on the sandwich panel, and the cooling fans are installed in the installation holes.

[0013] By adopting such a technical solution, a sandwich panel is installed on the photovoltaic frame. A flow cavity is formed between the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane. When the cooling fans are installed on the sandwich panel, the air flow is brought into the flow cavity between the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane by the cooling fans. In this way, the air flow can be restricted on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane, more efficiently taking away the heat on the photovoltaic backplane, and increasing the installation stability of the fans, preventing the fans from loosening or being damaged due to vibration or external force.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of support columns are further arranged in the flow cavity. The two ends of the support columns are respectively connected to the photovoltaic backplane and the sandwich panel, and the support columns are evenly distributed between the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane.

[0015] By adopting such a technical solution, evenly arranging a plurality of support columns between the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane can provide effective support for the photovoltaic backplane, making the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane more stable and preventing deformation caused by external force or fan vibration.

[0016] Optionally, ventilation openings are further provided on the photovoltaic frame. The ventilation openings are arranged at the four edges of the photovoltaic frame and on the side close to the sandwich panel. A dust-proof net is also installed on the ventilation openings.

[0017] By adopting this technical solution, arranging ventilation openings at the four edges of the photovoltaic frame and on the side close to the sandwich panel helps to increase the air exchange between the inside and outside of the photovoltaic module, improve the heat dissipation efficiency. Installing a dust cover on the ventilation holes can effectively prevent dust and sundries from entering the ventilation holes, keep the ventilation openings unobstructed, and ensure that the heat dissipation effect is not affected.

[0018] Optionally, a fan protection cover is installed on the side of the heat dissipation fan away from the photovoltaic backplane.

[0019] By installing a dust-proof net on the heat dissipation fan, foreign objects can be prevented from entering the fan blades, reducing the exposure of the fan blades to the external environment, avoiding fan damage, and extending the service life of the fan.

[0020] Optionally, a temperature sensor and a controller are installed on the side of the photovoltaic backplane close to the heat dissipation fan. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heat dissipation fan through the controller.

[0021] By adopting this technical solution, the temperature of the photovoltaic module can be monitored in real time through the temperature sensor, and the opening and closing of the fan can be automatically adjusted through the controller, enabling the heat dissipation fan to start working when necessary, reducing unnecessary energy consumption, and ensuring the best heat dissipation effect.

[0022] Optionally, one end face of the photovoltaic glass away from the photovoltaic cell is designed with an arc structure.

[0023] By adopting this technical solution, setting the photovoltaic glass to an arc structure can converge light, which helps to concentrate more light on the photovoltaic cell and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0024] In summary, the utility model includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. By installing five heat dissipation fans at the middle and four corners of the photovoltaic backplane and making the air outlet directions of the fans at the corners opposite to that of the fan in the middle, an effective air flow cycle can be formed, evenly distributing the cooling air, avoiding local overheating, significantly improving the overall heat dissipation effect, and ensuring that the photovoltaic module works in an efficient state.

[0026] 2. By adding a sandwich panel to the photovoltaic frame and forming an air flow channel between the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane, the air flow can be restricted on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane, more efficiently taking away heat. The heat dissipation fan on the sandwich panel makes the air flow in the sandwich, improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0027] 3. Install a temperature sensor and a controller on the side of the photovoltaic backplane close to the cooling fan. Monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic module in real time through the temperature sensor, and automatically adjust the opening and closing of the fan through the controller. Only start the fan when necessary to reduce unnecessary energy consumption, ensure the best heat dissipation effect, and improve the intelligent level and energy utilization efficiency of the system.

[0028] 4. By evenly arranging a plurality of support columns between the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane, effective support can be provided for the photovoltaic backplane, making the sandwich panel and the photovoltaic backplane more stable and preventing deformation caused by external forces or fan vibrations. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Description of the reference numerals: 1, photovoltaic frame; 101, ventilation opening; 102, dust-proof net; 2, photovoltaic cell; 3, photovoltaic glass; 301, arc structure; 4, photovoltaic backplane; 5, cooling fan; 501, fan protection cover; 6, sandwich panel; 601, mounting hole; 602, flow cavity; 7, support column; 8, temperature sensor; 9, controller. Detailed Embodiment

[0033] The following will be combined with Figures 1 to 3 to further elaborate on the present invention in detail.

[0034] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a photovoltaic module. Refer to Figures 1 to 3 ,

[0035] A photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic frame 1, a photovoltaic cell 2, a photovoltaic glass 3, a photovoltaic backplane 4, a sandwich panel 6, and a cooling fan 5. The photovoltaic glass 3, the photovoltaic cell 2, the photovoltaic backplane 4, and the sandwich panel 6 are sequentially installed inside the photovoltaic frame 1 from top to bottom. The photovoltaic glass 3 is attached to the surface of the photovoltaic cell 2, the other side of the photovoltaic cell 2 is attached to the photovoltaic backplane 4, and the sandwich panel 6 is below the photovoltaic backplane 4. Among them, a plurality of cooling fans 5 are installed on the sandwich panel 6.

[0036] Refer to Figures 1 to 3, the photovoltaic frame 1 is a rectangular box structure made of aluminum plates. The dimensions of the rectangular box are 2382mm * 1082.89mm * 50mm. One end of the rectangular box has a smaller opening, and the other end has a larger opening. The ventilation openings 101 are provided on the four side walls of the photovoltaic frame 1. The ventilation openings 101 are rectangular openings that penetrate the side walls of the photovoltaic frame 1 on the side walls of the photovoltaic frame 1. The ventilation openings 101 are arranged closely to the side wall of the photovoltaic frame 1 with the larger opening. A dust-proof net 102 is provided on the ventilation openings 101. Providing the ventilation openings 101 on the photovoltaic frame 1 can increase the air exchange inside and outside the photovoltaic module, improve the heat dissipation efficiency, and the dust-proof net 102 can effectively prevent dust and debris from entering the ventilation openings 101, keep the ventilation openings 101 unobstructed, and ensure that the heat dissipation effect is not affected.

[0037] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the photovoltaic glass 3 is a rectangular transparent glass with an arc structure 301 on one side. The side with the arc structure 301 of the photovoltaic glass 3 is installed at the end with the smaller opening of the photovoltaic frame 1. The photovoltaic cell 2 is mounted on the other side of the photovoltaic glass 3. The photovoltaic backplane 4 is attached to the side of the photovoltaic cell 2 away from the photovoltaic glass 3. The sandwich panel 6 is fixed by welding to the side of the photovoltaic frame 1 provided with ventilation holes. A flow cavity 602 is formed between the sandwich panel 6 and the photovoltaic backplane 4. The sandwich panel 6 is made of aluminum plates. Cylindrical support columns 7 are evenly arranged in the flow cavity 602 between the sandwich panel 6 and the photovoltaic backplane 4. The support columns 7 are made of flexible PET materials. Both ends of the support columns 7 are adhesively attached to the photovoltaic backplane 4 and the sandwich panel 6 respectively. Designing one end of the photovoltaic glass 3 away from the photovoltaic cell 2 as the arc structure 301 can converge light, which helps to concentrate more light on the photovoltaic cell 2 and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0038] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , five square mounting holes 601 are respectively provided at the four corners of the middle position of the sandwich panel 6. The cooling fans 5 are respectively fixed in the five mounting holes 601 by bolts. The air outlet direction of the middle cooling fan 5 faces the photovoltaic backplane 4, and the air outlet directions of the cooling fans 5 at the four corners face away from the photovoltaic backplane 4. The cooling fans 5 are silent cooling fans 5 with dimensions of 120mm * 120mm * 25mm and an IP68 protection level. A fan guard 501 is also installed on the side of the cooling fans 5 away from the photovoltaic backplane 4. The fan guard 501 is made by evenly punching holes in a metal plate and is fixed to the cooling fans 5 by threads. Installing the cooling fans 5 on one side of the photovoltaic backplane 4 can effectively drive the air to flow on the surface of the photovoltaic backplane 4 and take away the heat on the photovoltaic backplane 4.

[0039] Refer to Figures 1 to 3, a temperature sensor 8 and a controller 9 are installed at one end of the photovoltaic backplane 4 away from the photovoltaic cell 2. The temperature sensor 8 is arranged at the middle position of the photovoltaic backplane 4. The temperature sensor 8 is used to monitor the temperature of the photovoltaic module. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, after the controller 9 module receives the signal, the switch is closed, the fan circuit is closed, and the fan starts to work to cool the photovoltaic module. When the temperature drops below the threshold, the controller 9 controls the circuit to disconnect and the fan stops working. By installing the temperature sensor 8 and the controller 9, the temperature of the photovoltaic module can be monitored in real time, and the opening and closing of the fan can be automatically controlled, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and ensuring the best heat dissipation effect.

[0040] The specific working principle of this embodiment is as follows: when the temperature of the photovoltaic module is relatively high, the temperature sensor 8 receives a high-temperature signal, the controller 9 controls the circuit to close, and the fan starts to work. The cooling fan 5 at the middle position blows air towards the photovoltaic backplane 4, and the cooling fans 5 at the four corners blow air outwards. Air flows into the area between the photovoltaic backplane 4 and the sandwich panel 6 from the cooling fan 5 at the middle position and the ventilation openings 101 on the photovoltaic frame 1, and flows out from the cooling fans 5 at the four corners, taking away the heat in the photovoltaic backplane 4. After the temperature drops, the temperature sensor 8 receives a low-temperature signal, controls the control circuit to disconnect, and the fan stops working to complete heat dissipation.

[0041] In summary, by installing the cooling fan 5 on the back of the photovoltaic module, the temperature of the photovoltaic module can be reduced by 5°C - 15°C. For every 1°C reduction, the component efficiency can be increased by about 0.4% to 0.5%. When the temperature is reduced by 10°C, the overall system efficiency can be increased by about 4% to 5%; by installing the temperature sensor 8 and the controller 9 on the side of the photovoltaic backplane 4 close to the cooling fan 5, the temperature of the photovoltaic module is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor 8, and the opening and closing of the fan are automatically adjusted, and the fan is only started when necessary, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and ensuring the best heat dissipation effect; by uniformly arranging a plurality of support columns 7 between the sandwich panel 6 and the photovoltaic backplane 4, effective support can be provided for the photovoltaic backplane 4, making the sandwich panel 6 and the photovoltaic backplane 4 more stable and preventing deformation caused by external force or fan vibration.

[0042] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a photovoltaic frame (1), a photovoltaic cell (2), a photovoltaic glass (3), a photovoltaic back panel (4) and a cooling fan (5); the photovoltaic cell (2) is mounted inside the photovoltaic frame (1), the photovoltaic glass (3) is mounted on an end surface of the photovoltaic cell (2), the photovoltaic back panel (4) is mounted on an end surface of the photovoltaic cell (2) away from the photovoltaic glass (3), the cooling fan (5) is mounted on the photovoltaic frame (1), and the cooling fan (5) is arranged on a side of the photovoltaic back panel (4) away from the photovoltaic glass (3).

2. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Five cooling fans (5) are provided, and the cooling fans (5) are respectively arranged at the middle position of the photovoltaic back panel (4) and at the four corners of the photovoltaic back panel (4), and the cooling fans (5) at the four corners have air outlet directions opposite to those of the cooling fans (5) at the middle position.

3. A photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic frame (1) is also provided with a sandwich panel (6), the sandwich panel (6) being arranged on a side of the photovoltaic back panel (4) away from the photovoltaic glass (3), a flow cavity (602) being formed between the sandwich panel (6) and the photovoltaic back panel (4), a mounting hole (601) being provided on the sandwich panel (6), and the cooling fan (5) being mounted in the mounting hole (601).

4. A photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of support columns (7) are also provided in the flow cavity (602), the two ends of the support columns (7) being respectively connected to the photovoltaic backsheet (4) and the sandwich panel (6), and the support columns (7) are evenly distributed between the sandwich panel (6) and the photovoltaic backsheet (4).

5. A photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic frame (1) is also provided with ventilation openings (101), the ventilation openings (101) are arranged at four edges of the photovoltaic frame (1), the ventilation openings (101) are arranged on a side close to the sandwich panel (6), and a dustproof net (102) is also installed on the ventilation opening (101).

6. A photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A fan protective cover (501) is installed on a side of the heat dissipation fan (5) away from the photovoltaic back panel (4).

7. A photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (8) and a controller (9) are installed on a side of the photovoltaic back plate (4) close to the cooling fan (5); the temperature sensor (8) is electrically connected to the cooling fan (5) via the controller (9).

8. A photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An end surface of the photovoltaic glass (3) away from the photovoltaic cell (2) is designed to be an arc-shaped structure (301).

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