Soil crushing device for highway engineering

Abstract

The soil crushing device for the highway engineering comprises a main shell, crushing rollers are jointly installed on the inner walls of the two sides of the main shell, and a synchronous driving assembly is jointly installed between the two crushing rollers and the main shell; two heat preservation cylinders are arranged above the main shell, the single heat preservation cylinder at the bottom is fixedly communicated with the main shell, and the two heat preservation cylinders are fixedly communicated. According to the utility model, the two-stage heat preservation cylinder heating system is arranged above the soil crushing device, and the wet soil is sequentially subjected to gradient heating and drying through the heat preservation cylinders which are connected in series up and down, so that the water content is reduced from more than 30% to less than 15%, and the technical problem that the wet soil is adhered to the crushing cavity and the crushing rollers during crushing is fundamentally solved. According to the integrated design, the limitation that a traditional pre-drying method is restricted by weather is broken through, all-weather continuous operation is achieved, the crushing efficiency is improved, the qualified rate of the particle size of a finished product material is increased, and the roadbed construction requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of crushing, in particular to a soil crushing device for highway engineering. Background Art

[0002] In highway engineering, soil crushing is to improve the engineering properties of soil to meet the technical requirements of subgrade filling or foundation treatment. By crushing soil clods, the particle size of soil materials can be effectively reduced, the porosity can be decreased, so as to improve the compaction degree and ensure the uniformity and compactness of the subgrade. At the same time, the original soil aggregate structure can be eliminated, the mixing effect with water-stable materials (such as lime, cement) can be enhanced, and the strength and stability of the base or sub-base can be improved. In addition, soil crushing can avoid problems such as uneven compaction, subsequent settlement or cracks caused by over-large soil clods, and ensure the long-term durability of the highway structure and the driving safety.

[0003] Currently, during soil crushing operations, a crushing device is needed for auxiliary operations.

[0004] Existing crushing devices face significant technical bottlenecks when dealing with high-humidity soil: Severe adhesion phenomena occur during the crushing of wet soil, which will not only form a stubborn adhesive layer on the surface of the crushing cavity and crushing rollers, accelerating the wear and corrosion of metal components, but also cause the crushed materials to agglomerate, significantly reducing the screening efficiency. Under such working conditions, the uniformity of the finished materials is poor and the mud content is high, directly affecting the engineering quality of subsequent subgrade filling and stabilized soil mixing. The traditional pre-treatment method relying on natural drying has fundamental defects - the drying cycle is too long (usually 3 - 5 days), and the efficiency deteriorates further under adverse climate conditions such as rainy seasons, seriously dragging down the overall construction progress. This passive humidity control method has become the main technical obstacle restricting the efficient and continuous operation of modern projects, and innovative technical solutions are urgently needed to break through this production bottleneck. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The utility model is proposed to solve the disadvantages existing in the prior art, and provides a soil crushing device for highway engineering.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: A soil crushing device for highway engineering, including a main housing, wherein the inner walls on both sides of the main housing are jointly installed with crushing rollers, and a synchronous drive assembly is jointly installed between the two crushing rollers and the main housing;

[0007] Above the main housing are provided two heat preservation cylinders, and the single heat preservation cylinder at the bottom is fixedly communicated with the main housing, and the two heat preservation cylinders are fixedly communicated with each other. On one side of the outer surfaces of the two heat preservation cylinders is fixedly installed a first outer shell. The first outer shell is equipped with an electric belt synchronous drive assembly. Both movable ends of the electric belt synchronous drive assembly are fixedly connected with main shafts, and the main shafts penetrate through the adjacent heat preservation cylinders completely and are rotatably connected with the adjacent heat preservation cylinders;

[0008] On the outer surfaces of both of the main shafts are fixedly sleeved mounting cylinders, and on the outer surfaces of both of the mounting cylinders are fixedly embedded a plurality of heating plates;

[0009] At one end of both of the main shafts away from the electric belt synchronous drive assembly are fixedly installed slip rings, and the movable ends of both of the slip rings are electrically connected with cables.

[0010] Further, the synchronous drive assembly includes a protective shell, and the protective shell is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the main housing. Inside the protective shell are symmetrically provided two meshing gears, and the mounting shafts of the two gears penetrate through the main housing and are fixedly connected with the mounting shafts of the adjacent crushing rollers. On one side of the outer surface of the protective shell is fixedly installed a first motor, and the drive shaft of the first motor penetrates through the protective shell and is fixedly connected with the adjacent gear.

[0011] Further, at the top of the single heat preservation cylinder at the top is fixedly penetrated a hopper, and at the bottom of the main housing is fixedly penetrated a discharge pipe.

[0012] Further, the electric belt synchronous drive assembly includes two synchronous pulleys and a second motor. The synchronous pulleys are symmetrically arranged inside the first outer shell and are fixedly connected with the adjacent main shafts. A synchronous belt is meshingly sleeved between the two synchronous pulleys. The second motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the first outer shell, and the drive shaft of the second motor penetrates through the first outer shell and is fixedly connected with the adjacent synchronous pulley.

[0013] Further, each of the plurality of heating plates includes an electric heating plate, and the electric heating plate is fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the adjacent mounting cylinder. The outer surface of the electric heating plate is fixedly sleeved with an aluminum alloy plate, and the aluminum alloy plate is fixedly connected with the adjacent mounting cylinder. The outer surface of the aluminum alloy plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of fins, and the outer surfaces of the aluminum alloy plate and the plurality of fins are sprayed with a Teflon coating.

[0014] Further, both ends of the two mounting cylinders and the plurality of aluminum alloy plates are in contact with the inner walls at both ends of the adjacent heat preservation cylinders, and one side of the plurality of aluminum alloy plates away from the mounting cylinders is in contact with the inner wall of the adjacent heat preservation cylinder.

[0015] Further, a support rod is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the movable ends of the two electric slip rings. One side of the outer surface of the support rod is fixedly installed with a second housing, and the second housing is fixedly connected between the two heat preservation cylinders, and both cables penetrate through the second housing.

[0016] Further, an exhaust pipe with an inclined design is fixedly penetrated through the outer walls of the joints of the two heat preservation cylinders.

[0017] Advantages of the present utility model:

[0018] When the present utility model is in use, a double-stage heat preservation cylinder heating system is arranged above the soil crushing device for a soil crushing device used in highway engineering. Wet soil is sequentially subjected to gradient heating and drying through the upper and lower series-connected heat preservation cylinders, so that the moisture content is reduced from more than 30% to less than 15%. Fundamentally, the technical problem that wet soil adheres to the crushing cavity and the crushing roller during crushing is solved. This integrated design breaks through the limitation of the traditional pre-sun drying method restricted by the weather, realizes all-weather continuous operation, improves the crushing efficiency, and also increases the qualified rate of the particle size of the finished material, making it meet the requirements of subgrade construction. Description of the drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the following description of the specific implementation manners will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 : The three-dimensional view of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 : The sectional three-dimensional view of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 : The Figure 2 enlarged view at A in the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 : The Figure 2 enlarged view at B in the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 : The sectional view of the two heat preservation cylinders of the present utility model.

[0025] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0026] 1. Main housing; 2. First motor; 3. Protective housing; 4. Heat preservation cylinder; 5. Second motor; 6. First outer shell; 7. Hopper; 8. Gear; 9. Discharge pipe; 10. Electric heating plate; 11. Second outer shell; 12. Aluminum alloy plate; 13. Main shaft; 14. Crushing roller; 15. Synchronous belt; 16. Synchronous pulley; 17. Installation cylinder; 18. Electric slip ring; 19. Cable; 20. Support rod; 21. Fin; 22. Exhaust pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, it relates to a soil crushing device for highway engineering, including a main housing 1. The inner walls on both sides of the main housing 1 are jointly installed with crushing rollers 14. The crushing rollers 14 are connected to the main housing 1 through sealed bearings. The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the installation shaft of the crushing roller 14, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the main housing 1. A synchronous drive assembly is jointly installed between the two crushing rollers 14 and the main housing 1. The synchronous drive assembly includes a protective housing 3, and the protective housing 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the main housing 1. Two mutually meshing gears 8 are symmetrically arranged inside the protective housing 3. The installation shafts of the two gears 8 penetrate through the main housing 1 and are fixedly connected to the installation shafts of the adjacent crushing rollers 14. A first motor 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the protective housing 3, and the drive shaft of the first motor 2 penetrates through the protective housing 3 and is fixedly connected to the adjacent gear 8. This synchronous drive assembly adopts a gear 8 transmission design, with a transmission efficiency as high as 98%, ensuring that the double crushing rollers 14 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions, forming an efficient shearing and crushing effect.

[0029] Above the main housing 1, there are two heat preservation cylinders 4. Both the upper and lower heat preservation cylinders 4 adopt a double-layer structure of 304 stainless steel, with high-temperature-resistant aluminum silicate fiber cotton filled in the middle to ensure the heat preservation performance of the heat preservation cylinder 4. Moreover, the single heat preservation cylinder 4 at the bottom is fixedly connected and communicated with the main housing 1, and the two heat preservation cylinders 4 are fixedly connected and communicated with each other. On one side of the outer surfaces of the two heat preservation cylinders 4, a first outer shell 6 is fixedly installed. The first outer shell 6 is equipped with an electric belt synchronous drive assembly. Both movable ends of the electric belt synchronous drive assembly are fixedly connected with a main shaft 13. The electric belt synchronous drive assembly includes two synchronous belt pulleys 16 and a second motor 5. The synchronous belt pulleys 16 are symmetrically arranged inside the first outer shell 6 and are fixedly connected to the adjacent main shafts 13. A synchronous belt 15 is meshed and sleeved between the two synchronous belt pulleys 16. The second motor 5 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the first outer shell 6. The drive shaft of the second motor 5 penetrates through the first outer shell 6 and is fixedly connected to the adjacent synchronous belt pulley 16. The cooperation of the synchronous belt pulley 16 and the synchronous belt 15 can ensure the synchronous rotation of the double main shafts 13.

[0030] Moreover, the main shaft 13 completely penetrates through the adjacent heat preservation cylinder 4 and is rotatably connected with the adjacent heat preservation cylinder 4. Two bearings and two sealing rings are jointly installed between the main shaft 13 and the heat preservation cylinder 4. The sealing rings are fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the main shaft 13 and are fixedly connected to the heat preservation cylinder 4. The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the main shaft 13, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the heat preservation cylinder 4. The two sealing rings are located between the two bearings to ensure the sealing performance between the main shaft 13 and the heat preservation cylinder 4. On the outer surfaces of the two main shafts 13, mounting cylinders 17 are fixedly sleeved. On the outer surfaces of the two mounting cylinders 17, a plurality of heating plates are fixedly embedded. The plurality of heating plates all include electric heating plates 10. The electric heating plates 10 are made of nickel-chromium alloy electric heating plates, and the power density is controlled at 15 W / cm². The electric heating plates 10 are fixedly embedded on the outer surface of the adjacent mounting cylinder 17. An aluminum alloy plate 12 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the electric heating plate 10, and the aluminum alloy plate 12 is fixedly connected to the adjacent mounting cylinder 17. A plurality of fins 21 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the aluminum alloy plate 12. Teflon coatings are sprayed on the outer surfaces of the aluminum alloy plate 12 and the plurality of fins 21. Both ends of the two mounting cylinders 17 and the plurality of aluminum alloy plates 12 are attached to the inner walls at both ends of the adjacent heat preservation cylinder 4. One side of the plurality of aluminum alloy plates 12 away from the mounting cylinder 17 is attached to the inner wall of the adjacent heat preservation cylinder 4.

[0031] At one end of the two main shafts 13 away from the electric belt synchronous drive assembly, slip rings 18 are fixedly installed. The slip rings 18 adopt standard products of the MERSEN brand. The movable ends of the two slip rings 18 are electrically connected to cables 19. A support rod 20 is fixedly connected to the outer walls of the movable ends of the two slip rings 18. On one side of the outer surface of the support rod 20, a second outer shell 11 is fixedly installed. The second outer shell 11 is fixedly connected to the two heat preservation cylinders 4. Both cables 19 penetrate through the second outer shell 11. The cables 19 are connected to an external controller to form a complete power transmission channel.

[0032] At the top of the single thermal insulation cylinder 4 at the top, a hopper 7 is fixedly penetrated. At the bottom of the main housing 1, a discharge pipe 9 is fixedly penetrated. The hopper 7 is made of 16MnR low alloy steel, and the inner wall is lined with wear-resistant ceramic sheets. The discharge pipe 9 is made of wear-resistant composite steel pipe, and the inner wall is treated by supersonic flame spraying.

[0033] At the joint of the two thermal insulation cylinders 4, an inclined exhaust pipe 22 is fixedly penetrated on the outer wall. The exhaust pipe 22 is made of 304 stainless steel, and existing air purification equipment can be installed as needed to ensure that the waste gas is discharged up to standard.

[0034] Working principle:

[0035] Preheating stage: The electric heating plate 10 starts to operate, heating the aluminum alloy plate 12 and the fins 21. The Teflon coating ensures uniform heat conduction and anti-sticking.

[0036] Operation stage: The first motor 2 drives the connected gear 8 to rotate, and the two gears 8 cooperate to drive the two crushing rolls 14 to rotate;

[0037] The second motor 5 drives the connected synchronous pulley 16 to rotate. The two synchronous pulleys 16 rotate synchronously under the action of the synchronous belt 15, so as to drive the two main shafts 13 to rotate synchronously. The main shaft 13 drives the connected mounting cylinder 17 to rotate, and the mounting cylinder 17 drives the connected multiple heating plates to move.

[0038] Material handling stage: The wet soil is conveyed to the hopper 7 by an existing belt feeder, and then enters the top thermal insulation cylinder 4 through the hopper 7 and falls into the gap formed by two adjacent heating plates and the mounting cylinder 17;

[0039] The rotating mounting cylinder 17 drives the heating plates to rotate around it, forming a "plough-type" turning of the heating plates, and at the same time drying the wet soil. When the wet soil moves to the lower part of the thermal insulation cylinder 4, it drops into the next thermal insulation cylinder 4, and then repeats the above steps and drops into the main housing 1;

[0040] During this process, the aluminum alloy plate 12 fits and scrapes with the cylinder wall to force the material to turn over, and the fins 21 enhance the heat exchange efficiency;

[0041] The wet soil experiences two "falling - turning - heating";

[0042] The top thermal insulation cylinder 4 completes primary dehydration (water content 30% → 20%);

[0043] The bottom thermal insulation cylinder 4 performs final drying (water content 20% → below 15%).

[0044] Crushing stage: The soil falling into the main housing 1 is crushed by the two crushing rolls 14, and then discharged through the discharge pipe 9.

[0045] It should be noted that, when actually put into use, multiple electric heating plates 10 are all electrically connected to adjacent electric slip rings 18. Meanwhile, an existing technology controller is additionally provided, and the controller is electrically connected between two cables 19, the first motor 2 and the second motor 5, which is convenient for controlling the overall operation. The content of specific data analysis and processing involved to further implement the control function is the content of the method that those skilled in the art can achieve based on common knowledge, and these method contents are not within the scope of this solution. The above description only explains the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the improvement of this hardware structure in combination with common knowledge.

[0046] The above-disclosed preferred embodiments of the present invention are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present invention to only the specific implementation manners. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art in the relevant technical field can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil crushing device for highway engineering, comprising a main housing (1), characterized in that: Crushing rollers (14) are commonly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the main housing (1), and a synchronous drive assembly is commonly installed between the two crushing rollers (14) and the main housing (1); Two heat-insulating cylinders (4) are arranged above the main shell (1), and a single heat-insulating cylinder (4) at the bottom is fixedly connected to the main shell (1), and the two heat-insulating cylinders (4) are fixedly connected to each other. A first shell (6) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the two heat-insulating cylinders (4), and an electric belt synchronous drive assembly is installed on the first shell (6). Both movable ends of the electric belt synchronous drive assembly are fixedly connected to a main shaft (13), and the main shaft (13) completely passes through adjacent heat-insulating cylinders (4) and is rotationally connected to adjacent heat-insulating cylinders (4); The outer surfaces of the two main shafts (13) are both fixedly sleeved with mounting tubes (17), and the outer surfaces of the two mounting tubes (17) are both fixedly embedded with a plurality of heating plates; An electric slip ring (18) is fixedly mounted on one end of the two main shafts (13) away from the electric belt synchronous drive assembly, and the movable ends of the two electric slip rings (18) are electrically connected to a cable (19).

2. A soil crushing device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous drive assembly comprises a protective shell (3), and the protective shell (3) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer surface of the main shell (1); two mutually meshing gears (8) are symmetrically arranged inside the protective shell (3), and the mounting shafts of the two gears (8) are both arranged to pass through the main shell (1) and are fixedly connected to the mounting shafts of adjacent crushing rollers (14); a first motor (2) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer surface of the protective shell (3), and the driving shaft of the first motor (2) is arranged to pass through the protective shell (3) and is fixedly connected to the adjacent gears (8).

3. A soil crushing device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hopper (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the single heat-insulating cylinder (4), and a discharge pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main shell (1).

4. The soil crushing device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric belt synchronous drive assembly comprises two synchronous pulleys (16) and a second motor (5), wherein the synchronous pulleys (16) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the first housing (6) and are fixedly connected to adjacent main shafts (13), a synchronous belt (15) is meshed and sleeved between the two synchronous pulleys (16), and the second motor (5) is fixedly mounted on an outer wall of one side of the first housing (6), and a drive shaft of the second motor (5) is arranged to pass through the first housing (6) and is fixedly connected to adjacent synchronous pulleys (16).

5. The soil crushing device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of heating plates all comprise an electric heating plate (10), and the electric heating plate (10) is fixedly embedded in the outer surface of an adjacent mounting tube (17), an aluminum alloy plate (12) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the electric heating plate (10), and the aluminum alloy plate (12) and the adjacent mounting tube (17) are fixedly connected, a plurality of fins (21) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the aluminum alloy plate (12), and the outer surfaces of the aluminum alloy plate (12) and the plurality of fins (21) are both sprayed with a Teflon coating.

6. A soil crushing device for highway engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the two installation tubes (17) and the plurality of aluminum alloy plates (12) are in contact with the inner walls of the two ends of the adjacent heat-insulating tubes (4), and the side of the plurality of aluminum alloy plates (12) away from the installation tubes (17) is in contact with the inner wall of the adjacent heat-insulating tubes (4).

7. The soil crushing device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the movable ends of the two electric slip rings (18) are fixedly connected to a support rod (20), a second outer shell (11) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer surface of the support rod (20), the second outer shell (11) is fixedly connected to the two heat-insulating cylinders (4), and the two cables (19) are both arranged to pass through the second outer shell (11).

8. The soil crushing device for highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe (22) with an inclined design is fixedly passed through the outer walls of the connection between the two heat-insulating cylinders (4).

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