Multifunctional coating machine

Abstract

A multifunctional coating machine comprises a rack table, a coating assembly which is arranged on the rack table and moves in the Y-axis direction and a base material bearing assembly which penetrates through the coating assembly and is arranged on the rack table in a space rectangular coordinate system with the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis as coordinate axes. The coating assembly comprises a gantry support, a displacement adjusting assembly arranged on the gantry support and a die head fixing block arranged on the displacement adjusting assembly, the displacement adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the positions of the die head fixing block in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and the die head fixing block is used for installing a slit die head or a scraper die head; compared with the prior art, the slit die head or the scraper die head is installed and replaced through the die head fixing block, the displacement adjusting assembly is connected with the die head fixing block so that the positions of the die head fixing block in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction can be adjusted, and the positions of the slit die head or the scraper die head in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction can be adjusted; and the coating requirements of a slit coating method or a blade coating method are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coating machines, and particularly relates to a multifunctional coating machine. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy, photovoltaic solar cells have attracted much attention as a clean and sustainable energy solution. Traditional crystalline silicon solar cells have problems such as low conversion efficiency and high manufacturing costs. Perovskite photovoltaic cells, as an innovative technology in the photovoltaic field, have advantages such as high conversion efficiency, low manufacturing costs, and wide application scenarios. They have broad application prospects and development potential in new energy and are expected to become the mainstream technology in the photovoltaic field. The preparation of perovskite photovoltaic cells includes links such as raw material processing, functional layer preparation, and assembly. The coating process refers to the technology and method of applying perovskite materials on the surface of specific materials to form a light-absorbing layer and an electrolyte layer during the preparation of the functional layer of perovskite photovoltaic cells. The quality of the coating process will directly affect the quality of perovskite photovoltaic cells.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream coating methods include slot coating and blade coating. Slot coating means that the slurry is extruded and ejected through the gap of the coating die under a certain pressure and a certain flow rate and transferred to the surface of the substrate. Compared with blade coating, slot coating has higher production accuracy and more uniform thickness. Blade coating means that the excess slurry on the substrate is scraped off and refluxed by a blade to form a uniform coating on the surface of the substrate. It is suitable for slurries with high solid content and high viscosity. At the same time, blade coating is easy to debug and has lower production costs, and is suitable for the trial production process of small batches of samples.

[0004] Chinese Patent with application number 202320608163.2 discloses a multifunctional coating machine. Through the cooperation of an air pump, a heating box, an air outlet plate, and a drying nozzle, the above-mentioned disclosed coating machine enables the material to be dried synchronously during the coating process, can operate continuously, simplifies management, reduces losses, and lowers costs. The above-mentioned coating machine is only applicable to a certain specific coating method, has a single coating function, cannot replace the coating die, and at the same time cannot adjust the positions of the coating die and the substrate to meet the coating requirements of slot coating or blade coating. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] Aiming at the above deficiencies, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multifunctional coating machine that adjusts the relative position between the coating die and the substrate and is applicable to a slot die or a coating die to meet the coating requirements of slot coating or blade coating.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows: A multifunctional coater, in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the X, Y, and Z axes as the coordinate axes, includes a frame table, a coating assembly disposed on the frame table and moving along the Y-axis direction, and a substrate carrying assembly disposed on the frame table and passing through the coating assembly; the coating assembly includes a gantry bracket, a displacement adjustment assembly disposed on the gantry bracket, and a die head fixing block disposed on the displacement adjustment assembly; the displacement adjustment assembly is used to adjust the position of the die head fixing block in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, and the die head fixing block is used to install a slot die head or a doctor blade die head.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the displacement adjustment assembly includes a Z-axis displacement screw group and an X-axis displacement table; the Z-axis displacement screw group is disposed at the top of the gantry bracket, and the bottom of the Z-axis displacement screw group passes through the gantry bracket and is connected to the X-axis displacement table.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, an X-axis slide rail is formed on the X-axis displacement table, and the die head fixing block is clamped on the X-axis slide rail and moves along the X-axis direction.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, a displacement measuring instrument is disposed at the top of the gantry bracket, and the bottom of the displacement measuring instrument passes through the gantry bracket and abuts against the X-axis displacement table.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, a linear module is disposed at the bottom of the gantry bracket, one side of the linear module is connected to the gantry bracket, and the other side is disposed on the frame table and moves along the Y-axis direction on the frame table.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, a slurry injection pump is disposed on one side of the gantry bracket.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the substrate carrying assembly includes a level adjustment table, the level adjustment table is fixedly disposed on the frame table, and a gap for the displacement adjustment assembly to move along the Y-axis direction is formed between the level adjustment table and the frame table.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, the substrate carrying assembly further includes a carrier table and a material tank; the carrier table and the material tank are disposed on the level adjustment table, and the material tank abuts against one end of the carrier table.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present utility model, a control console is disposed on the frame table, and the control console is electrically connected to the linear module for controlling the movement of the linear module in the Y-axis direction on the frame table.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The slot die head or the doctor blade die head is installed and replaced through the die head fixing block. At the same time, the die head fixing block is connected to the displacement adjusting component, and the positions of the die head fixing block in the X-axis and Z-axis directions are adjusted through the displacement adjusting component, so as to realize the position adjustment of the slot die head or the doctor blade die head in the X-axis and Z-axis directions to meet the coating requirements of the slot coating method or the doctor blade coating method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-functional coater provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-functional coater provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is a front view of the coating assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the substrate carrying assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Reference numerals: frame table 1, console 1-1, coating assembly 2, gantry bracket 2-1, displacement adjusting assembly 2-2, Z-axis displacement screw group 2-21, X-axis displacement table 2-22, X-axis slide rail 2-23, die head fixing block 2-3, linear module 2-4, displacement measuring instrument 2-5, slurry injection pump 2-6, substrate carrying assembly 3, level adjusting table 3-1, loading table 3-2, material tank 3-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] The following description provides examples and does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the described elements without departing from the scope of the content of the present application. Each example can appropriately omit, substitute, or add various processes or components. For example, the described methods can be executed in a different order than the described order, and various steps can be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described in some examples can be combined into other examples.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a multi-functional coater provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a multi-functional coater, in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the X, Y, and Z axes as the coordinate axes, is characterized in that it includes a frame table 1, a coating assembly 2 disposed on the frame table 1 and moving along the Y-axis direction, and a substrate carrying assembly 3 disposed on the frame table 1 and passing through the coating assembly 2; the coating assembly 2 includes a gantry bracket 2-1, a displacement adjustment assembly 2-2 disposed on the gantry bracket 2-1, and a die fixing block 2-3 disposed on the displacement adjustment assembly 2-2; the displacement adjustment assembly 2-2 is used to adjust the position of the die fixing block 2-3 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, and the die fixing block 2-3 is used to install a slot die or a doctor blade die.

[0024] Specifically, when performing a coating operation on a substrate, the substrate is placed flat on the substrate carrying assembly 3 to ensure that the substrate and the horizontal plane where the substrate carrying assembly 3 is located are parallel. Since the gantry bracket 2-1 is vertically disposed on the frame table 1 and the substrate carrying assembly 3 is parallelly disposed on the frame table 1, it is convenient to adjust the slot die or the doctor blade die installed on the die fixing block 2-3 by bolt connection to be perpendicular to the substrate surface, so that the plane formed when the slot die or the doctor blade die moves along the Y-axis direction on the substrate surface is parallel to the plane where the substrate surface is located, ensuring that the thickness of the functional layer formed by coating is uniform and avoiding the situation of uneven thickness of the functional layer, thereby improving the forming quality of the product. In actual production, different products have different requirements for the size and thickness of the functional layer formed by coating. By adjusting the X-axis position and Z-axis position of the slot die or the doctor blade die acting on the substrate surface through the displacement adjustment assembly 2-2, the slot die or the doctor blade die is in different height positions and / or horizontal plane positions on the substrate surface, meeting the working conditions required for the slot die or the doctor blade die during the coating operation, so that different states of the functional layer can be formed on the substrate surface when moving along the Y-axis direction for coating.

[0025] As an option of the embodiment of the present application, reference can be made to Figure 2 the structural schematic diagram of a multi-functional coater shown in the figure. The displacement adjustment assembly 2-2 includes a Z-axis displacement screw group 2-21 and an X-axis displacement table 2-22. The Z-axis position and X-axis position of the slot die or the doctor blade die in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with the X, Y, and Z axes as the coordinate axes are adjusted respectively through the Z-axis displacement screw group 2-21 and the X-axis displacement table 2-22, that is, the height position and lateral position of the slot die or the doctor blade die relative to the substrate surface are adjusted; the Z-axis displacement screw group 2-21 is disposed on the top of the gantry bracket 2-1, and the bottom of the Z-axis displacement screw group 2-21 passes through the gantry bracket 2-1 and is connected to the X-axis displacement table 2-22 to drive the X-axis displacement table 2-22 to move in the Z-axis direction.

[0026] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 the front view of the coating assembly shown in the figure, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, an X-axis slide rail 2-23 is formed on the X-axis displacement stage 2-22. The die head fixing block 2-3 is clamped on the X-axis slide rail 2-23 and moves along the X-axis direction. The die head fixing block 2-3 is relatively stationary in the Y-axis and Z-axis directions. At this time, when the height position of the X-axis displacement stage 2-22 on the substrate surface is driven by rotating and adjusting the Z-axis displacement screw rod group 2-21, the height position of the die head fixing block 2-3 arranged on the X-axis displacement stage 2-22 on the substrate surface is synchronously driven.

[0027] As an option of the embodiment of the present application, reference can be made here Figure 2 to the structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional coater shown in the figure. A displacement measuring instrument 2-5 is arranged at the top of the gantry bracket 2-1. The displacement measuring instrument 2-5 is used to measure the displacement change amount of the X-axis displacement stage 2-22 in the Z-axis direction when the Z-axis displacement screw rod group 2-21 is rotated and adjusted to drive the X-axis displacement stage 2-22 to move in the Z-axis direction, so as to facilitate the user to confirm the distance between the slot die head or the doctor blade die head and the substrate surface through this displacement change amount, that is, to help the user confirm the thickness of the functional layer formed after coating; the bottom of the displacement measuring instrument 2-5 passes through the gantry bracket 2-1 and abuts against the X-axis displacement stage 2-22. At this time, the displacement measuring instrument 2-5 is a dial indicator. To ensure the measurement accuracy of the dial indicator, the head part of the dial indicator needs to be abutted against the X-axis displacement stage 2-22 so that the head of the dial indicator is in a compressed state.

[0028] Optionally, the displacement measuring instrument 2-5 can also adopt other devices such as an infrared detection device and a magnetic induction detection device that are known in the art for detecting the distance between two objects. For example: the displacement measuring instrument 2-5 adopts an infrared detection device. The infrared detection device is arranged at the gantry bracket 2-1 above the X-axis displacement stage 2-22. The infrared detection device emits infrared rays to the X-axis displacement stage 2-22 and receives the infrared rays reflected back by the X-axis displacement stage 2-22. The distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end, that is, the distance between the gantry bracket 2-1 and the X-axis displacement stage 2-22, is calculated according to the time difference between the signal emitted by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end. Also for example, the displacement measuring instrument 2-5 adopts a magnetic induction detection device. The magnetic induction detection device includes a magnetic control sensor and a magnetic float. The magnetic float is arranged on the X-axis displacement stage 2-22, and the magnetic control sensor is arranged at the gantry bracket 2-1 above the X-axis displacement stage 2-22. When the X-axis displacement stage 2-22 moves in the Z-axis direction close to the gantry bracket 2-1, the magnetic float gradually approaches the magnetic control sensor. The magnetic control sensor outputs a corresponding voltage signal according to the detected magnetic field strength, and calculates the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end, that is, the distance between the gantry bracket 2-1 and the X-axis displacement stage 2-22.

[0029] As an option of the embodiment of the present application, reference can be made here Figure 2Schematic structural diagram of a multi-functional coater. A linear module 2-4 is provided at the bottom of the gantry support 2-1. One side of the linear module 2-4 is connected to the gantry support 2-1, and the other side is arranged on the machine frame table 1. The linear module 2-4 drives the gantry support 2-1 to move along the Y-axis direction on the machine frame table 1, so that the slot die head or doctor blade die head located on the gantry support 2-1 can move along the Y-axis direction relative to the fixedly arranged substrate carrying component 3, so as to perform coating operations on the substrate arranged on the substrate carrying component 3.

[0030] As an option of the embodiment of the present application, reference can be made here Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of a multi-functional coater. A slurry injection pump 2-6 is arranged on one side of the gantry support 2-1. The slurry injection pump 2-6 is connected to the slot die head or doctor blade die head, and the slurry injection pump 2-6 provides the slurry for coating to the slot die head or doctor blade die head; the slurry injection pump 2-6 is fixedly installed on the gantry support 2-1 and moves synchronously along the Y-axis direction together with the gantry support 2-1 driven by the linear module 2-4, ensuring that the distance between the slurry injection pump 2-6 and the slot die head or doctor blade die head remains unchanged during the coating operation, so that when the slurry injection pump 2-6 supplies materials to the slot die head or doctor blade die head, the feeding speed will not change due to the change in the distance between the two, resulting in inconsistent thickness of the functional layer formed after the coating operation.

[0031] As an option of the embodiment of the present application, reference can be made here Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the substrate carrying component provided by the embodiment of the present application. The substrate carrying component 3 includes a level adjustment table 3-1. Support feet are provided at the four corners of the level adjustment table 3-1, and the level adjustment table 3-1 is fixed on the machine frame table 1 through the support feet. The user adjusts the level of the level adjustment table 3-1 by adjusting the height of the support feet at the four corners, so as to avoid the same inclination of the substrate carrying component 3 arranged on the machine frame table 1 due to the uneven ground where the machine frame table 1 is located. The support feet provided at the four corners of the level adjustment table 3-1 form a gap for the displacement adjustment component 2-2 to move along the Y-axis direction between the level adjustment table 3-1 and the machine frame table 1.

[0032] As an option of the embodiment of the present application, reference can be made here Figure 4Schematic structural diagram of the substrate carrier assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application. The substrate carrier assembly 3 further includes a carrier table 3-2 and a material trough 3-3. The carrier table 3-2 is used to carry the substrate and limit the substrate placed thereon. The horizontal plane where the carrier table 3-2 is located is parallel to the horizontal plane where the level adjustment table 3-1 is located, which is convenient for adjusting the level of the carrier table 3-2 synchronously when adjusting the level of the level adjustment table 3-1. The material trough 3-3 is arranged on the level adjustment table 3-1 and abuts against one end of the carrier table 3-2 to recover the slurry overflowing on the surface of the substrate during the coating operation, preventing the slurry from flowing onto the level adjustment table 3-1 or other components and affecting the cleanliness of the operation site. At the same time, the slot die head or blade die head after the coating operation can be placed on the material trough 3-3 to recover the residual slurry in the slot die head or blade die head, reducing the waste of raw materials and lowering the production cost.

[0033] As an option of the embodiment of the present application, a control console 1-1 is provided on the frame table 1. The control console 1-1 is electrically connected to the linear module 2-4. A plurality of different moving speed instructions are set in the control console 1-1. The user controls the moving speed of the linear module 2-4 in the Y-axis direction on the frame table 1 according to the selected moving speed instruction to control the acting time of the slot die head or blade die head on the substrate surface, thereby adjusting the quality of the functional layer formed by the coating operation. A stop instruction is also set in the control console 1-1. When an abnormal situation occurs during the coating operation, the user can use the stop instruction to perform an emergency brake on the coater and pause the coating operation.

[0034] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0035] Although the terms such as frame table 1, control console 1-1, coating assembly 2, gantry bracket 2-1, displacement adjustment assembly 2-2, Z-axis displacement lead screw group 2-21, X-axis displacement table 2-22, X-axis slide rail 2-23, die head fixing block 2-3, linear module 2-4, displacement measuring instrument 2-5, slurry injection pump 2-6, substrate carrier assembly 3, level adjustment table 3-1, carrier table 3-2, material trough 3-21, etc. are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are only used to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional coating machine, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a coating component (2) arranged on the frame (1) and moving along the Y-axis direction, and a substrate carrying component (3) passing through the coating component (2) and arranged on the frame (1); The coating assembly (2) comprises a gantry support (2-1), a displacement adjustment assembly (2-2) arranged on the gantry support (2-1), and a die fixing block (2-3) arranged on the displacement adjustment assembly (2-2); the displacement adjustment assembly (2-2) is used to adjust the position of the die fixing block (2-3) in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, and the die fixing block (2-3) is used to install a slit die or a scraper die.

2. A multifunctional coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement adjustment component (2-2) comprises a Z-axis displacement screw rod group (2-21) and an X-axis displacement platform (2-22); the Z-axis displacement screw rod group (2-21) is arranged on the top of the gantry bracket (2-1), and the bottom of the Z-axis displacement screw rod group (2-21) passes through the gantry bracket (2-1) and is connected to the X-axis displacement platform (2-22).

3. A multifunctional coating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: An X-axis slide rail (2-23) is formed on the X-axis displacement platform (2-22), and the die head fixing block (2-3) is clamped on the X-axis slide rail (2-23) and moves along the X-axis direction.

4. A multifunctional coating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A displacement measuring instrument (2-5) is arranged on the top of the gantry bracket (2-1); the bottom of the displacement measuring instrument (2-5) passes through the gantry bracket (2-1) and abuts against the X-axis displacement platform (2-22).

5. The multifunctional coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear module (2-4) is arranged at the bottom of the gantry support (2-1); one side of the linear module (2-4) is connected to the gantry support (2-1), and the other side is arranged on the frame platform (1) and moves along the Y-axis direction on the frame platform (1).

6. A multifunctional coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slurry injection pump (2-6) is arranged on one side of the gantry support (2-1).

7. The multifunctional coating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate supporting component (3) comprises a horizontal adjustment platform (3-1), the horizontal adjustment platform (3-1) being fixedly mounted on the frame platform (1), and a gap is formed between the horizontal adjustment platform (3-1) and the frame platform (1) for the displacement adjustment component (2-2) to move along the Y-axis direction.

8. A multifunctional coating machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The substrate carrying assembly (3) further comprises a loading platform (3-2) and a material trough (3-3); the loading platform (3-2) and the material trough (3-3) are arranged on the horizontal adjustment platform (3-1), and the material trough (3-3) abuts against one end of the loading platform (3-2).

9. The multifunctional coating machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The frame platform (1) is provided with a control console (1-1), which is electrically connected to the linear module (2-4) and is used to control the movement of the linear module (2-4) in the Y-axis direction on the frame platform (1).

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