Flameback simulation cabin for fire-fighting training

Abstract

The utility model provides a flashover and backdraft simulation cabin for fire-fighting training, which relates to the field of fire-fighting training, and adopts the scheme that the flashover and backdraft simulation cabin comprises a cabin body, an image information acquisition unit and a control unit, the cabin body is provided with an observation window, the image information acquisition unit comprises a camera and a display, and the control unit is connected with the camera. The camera and the display are electrically connected with the control unit, the camera is arranged on the cabin body and is opposite to the observation window, and the display is arranged outside the cabin body. According to the utility model, each firefighter can clearly observe the internal condition of the simulation cabin, and the capability of accurately judging the omen of backdraft and flashover can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fire fighting training, in particular to a flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for fire fighting training. Background Art

[0002] Backdraft refers to the rapid deflagration phenomenon that occurs when high-temperature incomplete combustion products (smoke) generated by fuel-rich combustion encounter fresh air; flashover refers to the process in which, when a fire occurs, the temperature in a room with air circulation continuously rises to a temperature above 600 °C, and the room instantaneously undergoes a jumping full-scale combustion; the current building structures are better sealed, and there are more combustible decorations, furniture, fabrics, etc. than before, greatly increasing the probability of backdraft and flashover. Before the occurrence of backdraft and flashover, the flame color, smoke color, smoke surging state, smoke height, and smoke content are all different, which can be used as omens for judging the occurrence of backdraft and flashover; therefore, by simulating backdraft and flashover phenomena, firefighters can master the technical essentials for judging backdraft and flashover.

[0003] In the prior art, a flashover and backdraft simulation chamber is provided, including a container. Observation windows are arranged on both sides of the container. A combustion table for holding combustibles is arranged inside the container. A chain for fixing the combustibles is arranged above the combustion table. A side door that can be closed and opened is also arranged on the container.

[0004] When using the above technical solution to simulate backdraft or flashover, firefighters need to stand outside a safe distance (generally 10 meters) from the simulation chamber and observe the flame color, smoke diffusion, smoke surging state, etc. inside the container through the observation window. It is difficult to accurately and carefully identify the omens of backdraft or flashover only by observing with the naked eye through the observation window. And due to the standing position, not all firefighters can observe the internal situation of the container, and the teaching effect cannot be achieved. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for fire fighting training in the above prior art has unclear observation and cannot accurately identify the omens of backdraft and flashover, the utility model provides a flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for fire fighting training, which can enable each firefighter to clearly observe the internal situation of the simulation chamber and improve the ability to accurately judge the omens of backdraft and flashover.

[0006] The utility model provides a flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for fire training to solve the above technical problems, which includes a chamber body. An observation window is arranged on the chamber body. It also includes an image information acquisition unit and a control unit. The image information acquisition unit includes a camera and a display. The camera and the display are both electrically connected to the control unit. The camera is arranged on the chamber body and is opposite to the observation window. The display is arranged outside the chamber body.

[0007] By arranging the camera and the display, the utility model can transmit the conditions such as flames and smoke inside the chamber body to be displayed through the display, which is convenient for firefighters to observe and judge, improves the ability to accurately judge the omens of backdraft and flashover, and achieves the teaching effect.

[0008] Further, a fuel area is marked in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the chamber body. An area of the inner bottom surface of the chamber body close to the inner wall of the chamber body is marked as a material area. The observation window is far away from the material area. The observation window is of an L-shaped structure and is arranged on a group of adjacent surfaces of the chamber body.

[0009] By arranging the L-shaped observation window, the utility model can enable the high-temperature camera to observe the internal conditions from the side and end faces of the chamber body, increase the viewing angle, and comprehensively reflect the internal conditions of the chamber body.

[0010] Further, an isolation chamber is arranged at the top of the chamber body. The isolation chamber is opposite to the material area. The isolation chamber protrudes towards the inside of the chamber body. The camera is arranged in the isolation chamber. The isolation chamber is made of a high-temperature resistant transparent material.

[0011] By arranging the isolation chamber, the utility model can enable the high-temperature camera to observe the conditions inside the chamber from a top-down perspective, monitor whether the wood burns normally, and observe the conditions such as flames and smoke inside the chamber from a top-down perspective, more comprehensively reflect the information inside the chamber, and improve the judgment accuracy.

[0012] Further, a thermal imager is arranged outside the chamber body. The thermal imager includes an image transmission module. The image transmission module is electrically connected to the control unit. A side window is also horizontally movably arranged on the chamber body. The side window is connected with a driving component. The driving component is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0013] Through the cooperation of the thermal imager and the driving component, the utility model opens the side window to introduce fresh air at an appropriate temperature, avoids the unsuccessful teaching of the backdraft phenomenon caused by human judgment errors, improves the teaching efficiency and success rate, and the side window can be automatically opened instead of manual operation, thus improving the safety.

[0014] Furthermore, the side window includes two window sashes. An installation opening is provided on the cabin body. A guide rail is horizontally arranged above the installation opening. A pulley is provided above the window sash. The driving assembly includes a driving motor. The driving motor is arranged on the outer wall of the cabin body. The driving motor is electrically connected to the control unit. The driving motor is connected to a driving lead screw. The driving lead screw is a bidirectional lead screw. The two window sashes are respectively arranged on two segments of the driving lead screw.

[0015] Furthermore, a spring is vertically arranged between the guide rail and the installation opening.

[0016] By arranging the spring in the present utility model, it can avoid the phenomenon that the window sash gets stuck due to dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction.

[0017] Furthermore, a remote controller is included. The control unit includes a wireless receiving module.

[0018] Furthermore, a moving rack is arranged below the display.

[0019] Furthermore, a material door is also arranged at one end of the cabin body.

[0020] Furthermore, a support layer and a heat insulation layer are sequentially arranged on the cabin body from the inside to the outside.

[0021] By arranging the support layer and the heat insulation layer in the present utility model, the strength of the cabin body can be enhanced, and at the same time, it has a heat insulation effect, reducing the influence on the service life of external components.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] The utility model provides a flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for fire training. By setting up a camera and a display, the conditions such as flames and smoke inside the chamber body can be transmitted and displayed through the display, which is convenient for firefighters to observe and judge, improves the ability to accurately determine the omens of backdraft and flashover, and achieves the teaching effect; by setting an L-shaped observation window, the high-temperature camera can observe the internal conditions from the side and end faces of the chamber body, providing more viewing angles and comprehensively reflecting the internal conditions of the chamber body; by setting an isolation chamber, the high-temperature camera can observe the conditions inside the chamber from a top-down perspective, monitor whether the wood is burning normally, and observe the flames, smoke, etc. inside the chamber from a top-down perspective, more comprehensively reflecting the information inside the chamber and improving the judgment accuracy; through the cooperation of the thermal imager and the driving component, the side window is opened to introduce fresh air at an appropriate temperature, avoiding the unsuccessful teaching of the backdraft phenomenon caused by human judgment errors, improving the teaching efficiency and success rate, and the side window can be automatically opened instead of manual operation, improving safety; by setting springs, the phenomenon of jamming caused by dimensional changes due to thermal expansion and contraction of the window sash can be avoided; by setting a support layer and a heat insulation layer, the strength of the chamber body can be enhanced, and at the same time, it has a heat insulation effect, reducing the impact on the service life of external components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, the drawings required for description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is an assembly structural schematic diagram of the observation window, vortex tube assembly and chamber body in the specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 It is an assembly structural schematic diagram of the side window and the driving lead screw in the specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] In the figure, 1, chamber body; 101, heat insulation layer; 102, support layer; 103, isolation chamber; 2, cooling component; 201, air compressor; 202, vortex cold air gun; 3, material door; 4, camera; 5, observation window; 6, side window; 7, driving motor; 8, thermal imager; 9, display; 10, spring; 11, guide rail; 12, fireproof sealing strip; 13, window sash; 14, driving lead screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] In order to make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, this specific embodiment provides a flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for fire training, including a chamber body 1, a control unit, and an image information acquisition unit; an observation window 5 is provided on the chamber body 1, the observation window 5 is made of high-temperature resistant glass, and the observation window 5 extends to the top of the chamber body 1. It also includes an image information acquisition unit and a control unit. The image information acquisition unit includes a camera 4 and a display 9. Both the camera 4 and the display 9 are electrically connected to the control unit. The camera 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the chamber body 1 through a connecting rod and is arranged opposite to the observation window 5. The display 9 is arranged outside the chamber body 1, and a moving frame is arranged below the display 9. A material door 3 is also arranged at one end of the chamber body 1 to facilitate the transportation of firewood and the internal cleaning.

[0031] By setting the camera 4 and the display 9 in this specific embodiment, the conditions such as flames and smoke in the chamber body 1 can be transmitted and displayed through the display 9, which is convenient for firefighters to clearly observe and judge, improves the ability to accurately determine the omens of backdraft and flashover, and achieves a teaching effect.

[0032] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, in order to observe the flame, smoke, combustion, etc. inside the cabin body 1 from multiple angles and comprehensively, a fuel area is marked in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the cabin body 1, and a material area is marked in the area of the inner bottom surface of the cabin body 1 close to the inner wall of the cabin body 1. The observation window 5 is far from the material area. The fuel area is used for stacking wood, and the material area is used for placing flammable materials to simulate flammable materials such as furniture in a fire scene. The observation window 5 is in an L-shaped structure and is arranged on a set of adjacent surfaces of the cabin body 1. After such a setting, it is easier to observe the flashover phenomenon. In this specific embodiment, two groups of observation windows 5 are provided and arranged along the diagonal of the cabin body 1. By setting the L-shaped observation window 5, the high-temperature camera can observe the internal situation from the side and end faces of the cabin body 1, increasing the number of viewing angles and comprehensively reflecting the internal situation of the cabin body 1. A separation cavity 103 is provided at the top of the cabin body 1. The separation cavity 103 is opposite to the material area and protrudes into the cabin body 1. A camera 4 is provided in the separation cavity 103. The separation cavity 103 is made of a high-temperature resistant transparent material, and the high-temperature resistant transparent material is made of high-temperature resistant glass. A cooling assembly 2 is provided at the top of the cabin body 1, including a small air compressor 201 and a vortex cold air gun 202 connected by a steel pipe. The cold air outlet of the vortex cold air gun 202 faces the separation cavity 103 and is used to cool the camera 4. By setting the separation cavity 103, the high-temperature camera can observe the situation inside the cabin from a top-down perspective, monitor whether the wood is burning normally, and observe the flame, smoke, etc. inside the cabin from a top-down perspective, more comprehensively reflecting the information inside the cabin and improving the judgment accuracy.

[0033] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, when simulating backdraft, first light a set weight of firewood in a non-closed chamber. When its combustion temperature reaches 600°C - 650°C, close the doors and windows to form a closed space. By observing the degree of smoke filling in the space, after considering that the conditions for backdraft occur, open the doors and windows to let in fresh air to form backdraft. However, if the temperature for backdraft generation cannot be reached, no backdraft phenomenon will occur after opening the doors and windows. In order to improve the success rate of simulating the occurrence of backdraft, in this specific embodiment, a thermal imager 8 is provided outside the cabin body 1. The thermal imager 8 includes an image transmission module, and the image transmission module is electrically connected to the control unit. A side window 6 is also horizontally movably provided on the cabin body 1. The side window 6 is connected to a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is electrically connected to the control unit. Through the thermal imager 8, the temperature field situation inside the cabin body 1 can be accurately known. When it is determined that both the temperature and the degree of smoke filling reach the conditions for backdraft generation, the side window 6 is automatically opened to improve the backdraft accuracy, and the side window 6 can be automatically opened to replace manual operation, improving safety.

[0034] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, in this specific embodiment, the side window 6 includes two window sashes 13. An installation opening is provided on the cabin body 1. Vertical grooves are vertically provided on the vertical inner walls on both sides of the installation opening, and the groove openings face the window sashes 13, leaving enough space for the window sashes 13 to move. And in order to improve the sealing performance, a fireproof sealing strip 12 is provided at the groove opening to improve the sealing performance. A guide rail 11 is horizontally provided at the upper part of the installation opening, and a pulley is provided at the upper part of the window sash 13. The driving assembly includes a driving motor 7. The driving motor 7 uses a high-temperature resistant motor. The driving motor 7 is arranged on the outer wall of the cabin body 1. The driving motor 7 is electrically connected to the control unit. The driving motor 7 is connected to a driving lead screw 14 through a belt drive mechanism. The driving lead screw 14 is rotatably installed in the wall of the cabin body 1. The driving lead screw 14 is a bidirectional lead screw, and the two window sashes 13 are respectively arranged on two sections of the driving lead screw 14. In order to prevent the window sashes 13 from getting stuck due to thermal expansion and contraction, in this specific embodiment, a spring 10 is vertically provided between the guide rail 11 and the installation opening, and the guide rail 11 can move up and down under the action of the window sash 13.

[0035] This specific embodiment further includes a remote control. The control unit includes a wireless receiving module, and the side window 6 is controlled to open through the remote control.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, in this specific embodiment, a support layer 102 and a heat insulation layer 101 are sequentially arranged on the cabin body 1 from the inside to the outside. The support layer 102 is made of high-temperature resistant steel plate with a thickness of not less than 100 mm. The heat insulation layer 101 is made of glass wool. Through the heat insulation effect of the glass wool, the temperature inside the cabin body 1 is prevented from diffusing too much, so that the temperature outside the cabin body 1 is not higher than 200 °C, reducing the influence of high temperature on the camera 4. The camera 4 uses a high-temperature camera 4, which is a mature product in the market.

[0037] This flashover and backdraft simulation cabin for fire training can conduct flashover and backdraft simulations separately, or can simulate flashover and backdraft together.

[0038] The working process of simulating flashover and backdraft together in this flashover and backdraft simulation cabin for fire training is as follows:

[0039] First, conduct a flashover simulation. Move in wood of a set weight and arrange it in a "well" shape, and pour gasoline on the wood. The side window 6 of the cabin body 1 is in an open state. After ignition, the instructor observes the burning situation of the wood from the display 9 and teaches the changes in flame color, smoke color, smoke surging state, smoke height, and temperature field situation until flashover occurs. After flashover occurs, the instructor remotely controls the side window 6 to close, making the cabin body 1 in a sealed state. The instructor teaches the smoke diffusion situation and temperature field situation in the cabin through the display 9. When the instructor judges that the temperature reaches the backdraft condition, remotely control the side window 6 to open to introduce fresh air and generate backdraft.

[0040] As can be seen from the above specific embodiments, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. By providing the camera 4 and the display 9, the conditions such as flames and smoke in the cabin body 1 can be transmitted and displayed through the display 9, which is convenient for firefighters to observe and judge, improving the ability to accurately determine the omens of backdraft and flashover, and achieving the teaching effect;

[0042] 2. By providing the L-shaped observation window 5, the high-temperature camera can observe the internal conditions from the side and end faces of the cabin body 1, increasing the viewing angle and comprehensively reflecting the internal conditions of the cabin body 1;

[0043] 3. By providing the isolation chamber 103, the high-temperature camera can observe the conditions inside the cabin from a top-down perspective, monitor whether the wood is burning normally, and observe the flames, smoke, etc. inside the cabin from a top-down perspective, more comprehensively reflecting the information inside the cabin and improving the judgment accuracy;

[0044] 4. Through the cooperation of the thermal imager 8 and the drive assembly, the side window 6 is opened to introduce fresh air at an appropriate temperature, avoiding the unsuccessful teaching of the backdraft phenomenon caused by human judgment errors, improving the teaching efficiency and success rate, and the side window 6 can be automatically opened to replace manual operation, improving safety;

[0045] 5. By providing the spring 10, the phenomenon of the window sash 13 getting stuck due to dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction can be avoided;

[0046] 6. By providing the support layer 102 and the heat insulation layer 101, the strength of the cabin body 1 can be enhanced, and at the same time, it has a heat insulation effect, reducing the impact on the service life of external components.

[0047] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A flashover and backdraft simulation cabin for firefighting training, comprising a cabin body (1), an observation window (5) being arranged on the cabin body (1), characterized in that: It also includes an image information acquisition unit and a control unit. The image information acquisition unit includes a camera (4) and a display (9). The camera (4) and the display (9) are both electrically connected to the control unit. The camera (4) is arranged on the outer wall of the cabin body (1) and is arranged opposite to the observation window (5). The display (9) is arranged outside the cabin body (1).

2. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle of the inner bottom surface of the cabin body (1) is marked with a fuel area, the area of ​​the inner bottom surface of the cabin body (1) close to the inner wall of the cabin body (1) is marked with a material area, the observation window (5) is far away from the material area, the observation window (5) is in an L-shaped structure, the observation window (5) is arranged on a group of adjacent surfaces of the cabin body (1), at least two observation windows (5) are arranged, and the plurality of observation windows (5) are distributed at both ends of the cabin body (1).

3. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 2, characterized in that: An isolation chamber (103) is arranged on the top of the cabin body (1), the isolation chamber (103) is opposite to the material area, the isolation chamber (103) protrudes into the cabin body (1), a camera (4) is arranged in the isolation chamber (103), and the isolation chamber (103) is made of high temperature resistant transparent material.

4. The flashover and backdraft simulation cabin for firefighting training according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A thermal imager (8) is arranged outside the cabin body (1), the thermal imager (8) comprises an image transmission module, the image transmission module is electrically connected to the control unit, and a side window (6) is also arranged on the cabin body (1) so as to be horizontally movable, the side window (6) is connected to a drive assembly, and the drive assembly is electrically connected to the control unit.

5. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side window (6) comprises two window sashes (13), a mounting opening is arranged on the cabin body (1), a guide rail (11) is arranged horizontally on the upper part of the mounting opening, a pulley is arranged on the upper part of the window sash (13), a driving assembly comprises a driving motor (7), the driving motor (7) is arranged on the outer wall of the cabin body (1), the driving motor (7) is electrically connected to a control unit, the driving motor (7) is connected to a driving screw (14), the driving screw (14) is a bidirectional screw, and the two window sashes (13) are respectively arranged on two sections of the driving screw (14).

6. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spring (10) is vertically arranged between the guide rail (11) and the installation opening.

7. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 6, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a remote controller, and the control unit comprises a wireless receiving module.

8. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable frame is arranged at the lower part of the display (9).

9. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material door (3) is also provided at one end of the cabin body (1).

10. The flashover and backdraft simulation chamber for firefighting training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin body (1) is provided with a support layer (102) and a heat-insulating layer (101) in sequence from the inside to the outside.

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