Sound wave interference experiment visualization device

Abstract

A sound wave interference experiment visualization device comprises a sound wave forming device and a collecting device, the collecting device is installed on the sound wave forming device, the sound wave forming device comprises a horizontal table top, a transparent plate, a scale plate and a sound box, the transparent plate and the scale plate are placed on the horizontal table top in a mutually perpendicular mode, and the sound box is placed on a water surface table top and connected with a power line. The sound wave forming device is connected with the power line, and the collecting device comprises a plurality of PCBs fixed to the transparent plate side by side. According to the utility model, the microphone receives sound wave signals and converts the sound wave signals into electric signals, two columns of sound waves interfere with each other in the space to form interference sound signals, the interference sound signals are transmitted to the operational amplifier to control the on-off of the light emitting diodes, the plurality of groups of PCBs are arranged in parallel to form a large LED lattice screen, and the visualization of sound wave interference is realized through the display of the LED lattice screen. Namely, sound signals are converted into electric signals, and the electric signals control the on-off of the light-emitting diodes, thereby achieving the purpose of sound wave interference visualization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of experimental teaching devices, and particularly relates to a visualization device for acoustic wave interference experiments. Background Art

[0002] In the process of theoretical teaching and experimental practice, the propagation of light can be visually observed through various methods. However, in existing courses and experimental devices, acoustic waves cannot be made as concrete as light. Students can only learn and understand the propagation and superposition of acoustic waves through imagination, which is difficult for students with poor imagination ability, resulting in poor learning effects of this part of knowledge. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of the problems raised in the background art, the utility model researches and designs a visualization device for acoustic wave interference experiments, and its purpose is to provide a visualization device for acoustic wave interference experiments that can make abstract acoustic waves concrete, enable students to comprehensively perceive, and help students better understand and master the properties of acoustic waves.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model:

[0005] A visualization device for acoustic wave interference experiments includes an acoustic wave forming device and a collection device. The collection device is installed on the acoustic wave forming device. The acoustic wave forming device includes a horizontal tabletop, a transparent plate, a scale plate, and a speaker. The transparent plate and the scale plate are placed perpendicular to each other on the horizontal tabletop, the speaker is placed on the water tabletop, the speaker is connected to the power supply line, and the acoustic wave forming device is connected to the power supply line. The collection device includes a plurality of PCB boards, and the plurality of PCB boards are fixed side by side on the transparent plate.

[0006] Preferably, the transparent plate is a U-shaped transparent acrylic plate, and the transparent plate is placed on one side of the transverse surface of the scale plate.

[0007] Preferably, there is at least one scale plate, and scale lines are provided on all four peripheries of the scale plate.

[0008] Preferably, there are thirty-six groups of PCB boards, which are vertically and sequentially fixed on the front surface of the transparent plate.

[0009] Preferably, each PCB board includes a PCB board body, and a USB interface, a microphone, a light-emitting diode, a resistor, a capacitor, and an operational amplifier, all of which are fixed on the PCB board body. The microphone, the light-emitting diode, the resistor, the capacitor, and the operational amplifier are connected to the power supply line through the USB interface.

[0010] Preferably, there is one USB interface, which is fixed on the upper part of the PCB board body, and there is one microphone, which is fixed on the lower part of the PCB board body.

[0011] Preferably, there are six operational amplifiers, which are arranged vertically in sequence in the middle of the PCB board body.

[0012] Preferably, there are twenty light-emitting diodes, which are arranged vertically in sequence on the PCB board body on one side of the operational amplifier.

[0013] Preferably, there are twenty-eight resistors, among which nine resistors are arranged vertically in sequence on the PCB board body on the other side of the operational amplifier, and the remaining resistors are respectively distributed between adjacent operational amplifiers, between the operational amplifier and the USB interface, and between the operational amplifier and the microphone.

[0014] Preferably, there are four capacitors, which are respectively distributed between adjacent resistors and between the resistor and the operational amplifier.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model: The structure of the present utility model is reasonable and novel in design. The microphone receives the sound wave signal and converts it into an electrical signal. Two columns of sound waves interfere in space to form an interfering sound signal, which is transmitted to the operational amplifier to control the lighting and extinguishing of the light-emitting diodes. Multiple groups of PCB boards are arranged side by side to form a large LED dot matrix screen. Through the display of the LED dot matrix screen, the visualization of sound wave interference is realized, that is, the sound signal is converted into an electrical signal, the electrical signal controls the lighting and extinguishing of the light-emitting diodes, and the sound waves that people usually cannot see are converted into an observable state, achieving the purpose of visualizing sound wave interference, and having high practical value. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the PCB board in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 is the circuit diagram of the PCB board in the present utility model.

[0019] Wherein: 1, desktop; 2, transparent plate; 3, scale plate; 3-1, scale line; 4, PCB board body; 5, USB interface; 6, microphone; 7, light-emitting diode; 8, resistor; 9, capacitor; 10, operational amplifier; 11, diode; 12, speaker. Detailed Embodiment

[0020] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present utility model to achieve the predetermined utility model purpose, the following combines the drawings and preferred embodiments to detail the specific implementation manner, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present utility model as follows.

[0021] Such as Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, a visualization device for acoustic wave interference experiments includes an acoustic wave forming device and a collection device. The collection device is installed on the acoustic wave forming device. The acoustic wave forming device includes a horizontal table 1, a transparent plate 2, a scale plate 3, and a speaker 12. The transparent plate 2 and the scale plate 3 are placed perpendicular to each other on the horizontal table 1, and the speaker 12 is placed on the horizontal table 1. The speaker 12 is connected to a power supply (not marked in the figure) by a wire, and the acoustic wave forming device is connected to a power supply (not marked in the figure) by a wire. The collection device includes multiple PCB boards, and the multiple PCB boards are fixed side by side on the transparent plate 2.

[0022] In the present utility model, the transparent plate 2 is a U-shaped transparent acrylic plate, and the transparent plate 2 is placed on one side of the transverse surface of the scale plate 3.

[0023] In the present utility model, there is at least one scale plate 3, and scale lines 3-1 are provided on all four peripheries of the scale plate 3.

[0024] In the present utility model, there are thirty-six groups of PCB boards, which are sequentially fixed vertically on the front surface of the transparent plate 2.

[0025] In the present utility model, the PCB board includes a PCB board body 4, and a USB interface 5, a microphone 6, a light-emitting diode 7, a resistor 8, a capacitor 9, and an operational amplifier 10 that are all fixed on the PCB board body 4. The microphone 6, the light-emitting diode 7, the resistor 8, the capacitor 9, and the operational amplifier 10 are connected to a power supply (not marked in the figure) by a wire through the USB interface 5.

[0026] In the present utility model, there is one USB interface 5, which is fixed on the upper part of the PCB board body 4, and there is one microphone 6, which is fixed on the lower part of the PCB board body 4.

[0027] In the present utility model, there are six operational amplifiers 10, which are arranged vertically in sequence in the middle of the PCB board body 4.

[0028] In the present utility model, there are twenty light-emitting diodes 7, which are arranged vertically in sequence on the PCB board body 4 on one side of the operational amplifier 10.

[0029] In the present utility model, there are twenty-eight resistors 8. Among them, nine resistors 8 are arranged vertically in sequence on the PCB board body 4 on the other side of the operational amplifier 10, and the remaining resistors 8 are respectively distributed between adjacent operational amplifiers 10, between the operational amplifier 10 and the USB interface 5, and between the operational amplifier 10 and the microphone 6.

[0030] In the present utility model, there are four capacitors 9, which are respectively distributed between adjacent resistors 8 and between the resistors 8 and the operational amplifier 10.

[0031] In the present utility model, it further includes diodes 11. There are three diodes 11, which are respectively distributed between adjacent resistors 8 or between the resistors and the USB interface 5.

[0032] In the present utility model, a control device is further included, that is, the frequency of the sound is controlled through the mobile phone software Frequency Sound Generator. One end of the data cable is connected to the mobile phone to obtain the frequency, and the other end of the data cable is connected to two identical speakers to become the sound source.

[0033] Embodiment

[0034] The main components in this embodiment include the following parts:

[0035] 1. Microphone input: The circuit uses an electret microphone (MIC1 microphone 6) as the input. The signal enters the circuit after passing through the resistor R1.

[0036] 2. Amplification circuit: The circuit contains multiple operational amplifiers (U1 - U6) (i.e., operational amplifier 10). Each operational amplifier constitutes a non-inverting amplification circuit to amplify the input signal of the microphone (MIC1 microphone). The amplification factor is determined by the values of the resistors R2, R3, R4, R5, R26, and R27.

[0037] 3. Filtering circuit: The circuit contains multiple diodes 11 (D1, D22, D23) and resistors 8 (R6, R28), which constitute a filtering circuit for filtering high-frequency noise and background noise in the signal. The specific type of the filtering circuit needs further analysis and may include high-pass filters, low-pass filters, or band-pass filters, etc.

[0038] 4. Power supply circuit: The circuit consists of multiple capacitors 9 (C1, C2, C3, C4) and resistors 8 (R19, R28), which constitute the power supply circuit to provide a stable power supply for the operational amplifiers and other components.

[0039] The entire circuit performs operations such as amplification, filtering, comparison, and delay through operational amplifiers, and finally realizes the voice control function. The functions of each operational amplifier cooperate with each other to jointly complete the detection and processing of the sound signal.

[0040] The connection relationship of each part in this embodiment:

[0041] The VCC terminal of USB1 is connected to the anode of the voltage-regulating diode D23. The cathode of D23 is connected to R5. GND is connected to the negative pole of the MIC1 microphone. The MIC1 microphone is connected to the positive power supply through the resistor R1, capacitor C1, and resistor R2. R3 and R4 serve as the input terminals of two operational amplifiers respectively. The first-stage amplifier circuits U1.1 and U1.2 are two operational amplifiers, which are connected together through the resistors R5, R6, and capacitors C2, C3. The diode D1 is connected between the output terminal of U1.2 and the negative power supply. The capacitor C4 is connected between the anode of the diode D1 and the positive power supply, and is also connected to the non-inverting input terminals of U2.1, U2.2, U3.1, U3.2, U4.1, U4.2, U5.1, U5.2, U6.1, and U6.2. The inverting input terminal 2 of the second-stage amplifier circuit U2.1 is connected to R7. The input terminal 2 of U2.1 is connected to R8, and the output terminal 4 is connected to VCC. The output terminal 1 of U2.1 is connected to R9. The light-emitting diodes D1 and D2 are in parallel, with the anode connected to the other end of R9 and the cathode grounded. The non-inverting input terminal 5 of U2.2 is connected to C4, and the inverting input terminal 6 is connected to R7. The output terminal of U2.2 is connected to one end of the resistor R10. D3 and D5 are in parallel and are connected to the other end of R10. The connection principles of the third-stage, fourth-stage, fifth-stage, and sixth-stage amplifier circuits are the same as those of the second-stage amplifier circuit.

[0042] The working principle in this embodiment

[0043] 1. The first amplifier circuits U1.1 and U1.2 (dual operational amplifier U1):

[0044] Amplify the sound signal: After the sound signal is collected from MIC1, it is first amplified by U1.1 (operational amplifier 10). R1 and R2 set the amplification factor. According to the circuit parameters, the amplification factor is approximately 101 times.

[0045] Filtering: C1 and R4 form a high-pass filter to remove low-frequency noise.

[0046] Limiting: D1 and R5 limit the amplitude of the amplified signal to prevent overloading.

[0047] 2. The second amplifier circuits U2.1 and U2.2:

[0048] Filtering: C2 and R3 form a low-pass filter to further remove high-frequency noise and make the signal smoother.

[0049] Buffering: U2.2 (operational amplifier 10) outputs the filtered signal and provides an isolated buffer to prevent the influence of the subsequent circuit on the previous circuit.

[0050] 3. The third amplifier circuits U3.1 and U3.2 (dual operational amplifier U3):

[0051] Comparator: U3.1 and U3.2 compare with a preset reference voltage to determine whether the intensity of the sound signal exceeds the threshold.

[0052] Drive: When the sound signal exceeds the threshold, U3.1 (operational amplifier 10) and U3.2 (operational amplifier 10) output a high level to drive the subsequent circuit to work.

[0053] 4. Fourth amplifier circuit U4.1 and U4.2 (dual operational amplifier U4):

[0054] Delay: R19, R20, D13, D15, D17, D19 and R26, R27, D18, D21, D22, D23 form a delay circuit, so that after the sound signal exceeds the threshold, the circuit will not act immediately, but will be delayed for a period of time.

[0055] Drive: When the delay ends, U4.1 (operational amplifier 10) and U4.2 (operational amplifier 10) output a high level to drive the subsequent circuit to work.

[0056] 5. Fifth amplifier circuit U5.1 and U5.2 (dual operational amplifier U5):

[0057] Filtering: R23, C4 and R25, C3 form a low-pass filter to further smooth the signal and remove noise.

[0058] Buffering: U5.2 (operational amplifier 10) outputs the filtered signal and provides an isolated buffer.

[0059] 6. Sixth amplifier circuit U6.1 and U6.2 (dual operational amplifier U6):

[0060] Drive: When the sound signal exceeds the threshold and after a delay, U6.1 (operational amplifier 10) and U6.2 (operational amplifier 10) output a high level to finally drive an external device (such as a relay, LED light, etc.) to work.

[0061] Analysis of experimental results:

[0062] 1. Qualitative analysis: In the device of the present utility model, the enhanced area and the weakened area of sound wave interference can be clearly seen. As the parameters D, d, and f change, the image of sound wave interference changes accordingly, and the height of the light dot matrix appearing on the light-emitting transistor is different, that is, the number of enhanced areas is different.

[0063] 2. Quantitative analysis: Set the frequency of the sound wave to 3400HZ

[0064] First, set the frequency of the sound wave to 3400 HZ. Keep the distance between the sound source and the display screen unchanged, change the distance between the sound sources (adjust the distance between the two speakers according to the scale line 3-1 on the scale board 3), and record the distance △X between the wave peaks. Then, keep the distance between the sound sources unchanged, change the distance between the sound source and the display screen (adjust the distance between the speaker and the PCB board according to the scale line 3-1 on the scale board 3), and record the distance △X between the wave peaks. Finally, adjust the frequency of the sound wave to 5400 HZ and repeat the above experiment.

[0065] This utility model receives the sound wave signal through the microphone 6, converts it into an electrical signal. Two sound waves interfere in space to form an interfering sound signal, which is transmitted to the operational amplifier 10 to control the lighting and extinguishing of the light-emitting diode 7. And multiple groups of PCB boards are arranged side by side to form a large LED dot matrix screen. Through the display of the LED dot matrix screen, the visualization of sound wave interference is realized, that is, the sound signal is converted into an electrical signal, the electrical signal controls the lighting and extinguishing of the light-emitting diode, and the usually invisible sound wave is converted into an observable state, achieving the purpose of visualizing sound wave interference and having high practical value.

[0066] In summary, this utility model achieves the expected effect.

Claims

1. A visualization device for acoustic wave interference experiment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sound wave forming device and a collecting device, wherein the collecting device is installed on the sound wave forming device, the sound wave forming device comprises a horizontal desktop, a transparent plate, a scale plate, and a speaker, wherein the transparent plate and the scale plate are placed perpendicularly on the horizontal desktop, the speaker is placed on the desktop on the water surface, the speaker is connected to a power line, the sound wave forming device is connected to the power line, and the collecting device comprises a plurality of PCB boards, which are fixed side by side on the transparent plate.

2. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent plate is a door-shaped transparent acrylic plate, and the transparent plate is placed on one side of the transverse surface of the scale plate.

3. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is at least one scale plate, and scale lines are arranged on four peripheries of the scale plate.

4. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB boards are in groups of thirty-six and are vertically fixed on the front side of the transparent board in sequence.

5. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB board includes a PCB board body and a USB interface, a microphone, a light-emitting diode, a resistor, a capacitor, and an operational amplifier all fixed on the PCB board body. The microphone, the light-emitting diode, the resistor, the capacitor, and the operational amplifier are connected to a power line via the USB interface.

6. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is one USB interface fixed on the upper part of the PCB board body, and there is one microphone fixed on the lower part of the PCB board body.

7. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are six operational amplifiers, which are vertically arranged in sequence in the middle of the PCB board body.

8. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are twenty light emitting diodes, which are arranged vertically in sequence on the PCB board body at one side of the operational amplifier.

9. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are twenty-eight resistors, nine of which are arranged vertically on the PCB board body on the other side of the operational amplifier, and the remaining resistors are distributed between adjacent operational amplifiers, between the operational amplifier and the USB interface, and between the operational amplifier and the microphone.

10. The acoustic wave interference experiment visualization device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are four capacitors, which are respectively distributed between adjacent resistors and between the resistor and the operational amplifier.

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