Battery monomer, battery and electric device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery monomer, a battery and a power utilization device. The battery monomer comprises a shell, a plurality of electrode assemblies and a heat-insulating flame-retardant part, the shell is provided with a containing cavity, and the electrode assemblies are located in the containing cavity. The heat insulation flame-retardant part is located in the containing cavity and arranged between the adjacent electrode assemblies. The heat-insulation flame-retardant part comprises a phase-change heat-insulation layer and a flame- The phase change heat insulation layer wraps the flame-retardant layer, and the phase change heat insulation layer is constructed to be capable of absorbing heat and performing phase change so as to release the flame-retardant layer. According to the technical scheme, by arranging the heat-insulating flame-retardant part between the electrode assemblies, the electrode assemblies are insulated, and spreading and diffusion of flames between the electrode assemblies can be slowed down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery preparation, and in particular to battery cells, batteries and electrical devices. Background Art

[0002] With the application of batteries in various fields, the safety performance of batteries has received more and more attention. For battery cells containing multiple electrode assemblies, the electrode assemblies are arranged adjacent to each other, and the heat cannot be effectively diffused outward. When one electrode assembly has thermal runaway, the heat will quickly spread to the adjacent electrode assembly, causing the entire battery cell to thermally runaway. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the thermal runaway problem of battery cells at the battery cell level to improve the reliability of the battery. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device to address the problem that the battery cell is prone to thermal runaway.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery cell, the battery cell comprising:

[0005] shell;

[0006] a plurality of electrode assemblies located within the housing; and

[0007] The heat-insulating flame-retardant component is located in the shell and is arranged between adjacent electrode assemblies. The heat-insulating flame-retardant component includes a phase-change insulation layer and a flame-retardant layer. The phase-change insulation layer is wrapped outside the flame-retardant layer. The phase-change insulation layer is constructed to be able to absorb heat and phase change to release the flame-retardant layer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change thermal insulation layer is in the range of 60°C to 180°C.

[0009] In some embodiments, the phase change thermal insulation layer comprises a solid-liquid phase change material, and the solid-liquid phase change material transforms from a solid phase to a liquid phase at the phase change temperature.

[0010] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer uses one of an inorganic flame retardant, a halogen flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, a silicon flame retardant, and a nitrogen flame retardant.

[0011] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer is a phosphorus-based flame retardant material having a phosphorus content greater than 60%.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer is a flame retardant coating directly coated on the phase change insulation layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer includes a base film and a flame retardant coating layer coated on the base film.

[0014] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer is a high molecular polymer polymerized with a flame retardant substance or a microcapsule flame retardant encapsulated with a flame retardant substance.

[0015] In some embodiments, the wall thickness h1 of the phase change thermal insulation layer is 5 μm to 5 mm.

[0016] In some embodiments, in the side-by-side direction of the two electrode assemblies adjacent to the heat-insulating flame-retardant component, the thickness h2 of the flame-retardant layer is 5 μm to 5 mm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the heat-insulating flame-retardant component further includes an encapsulation layer, the encapsulation layer is wrapped outside the phase-change heat-insulating layer, and the melting point or deformation shrinkage temperature of the encapsulation layer is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase-change heat-insulating layer;

[0018] The encapsulation layer is a PP layer, a PI layer or a PET layer.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery, comprising the battery cell described in the above embodiment.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electrical device, wherein the electrical device comprises the battery described in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

[0021] In the above-mentioned battery cells, batteries and electrical devices, when the heat of a certain electrode assembly in the battery cell increases, the phase change insulation layer of the adjacent insulation and flame retardant component will absorb its heat and play a certain insulation and cooling effect. When the heat of the electrode assembly soars and catches fire, reaching the phase change temperature of the phase change insulation layer, the phase change insulation layer can change from solid phase to liquid phase or gas phase, and the wrapped flame retardant layer is not bound by the phase change insulation layer and is released, so that the flame retardant material in the flame retardant layer plays a role in extinguishing fire and cooling, thereby reducing the probability of flames or high temperatures spreading to other electrode assemblies, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell as a whole and improving the reliability of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery cell in some embodiments;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat-insulating flame-retardant component of some embodiments.

[0025] The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0026] 100. Battery cell; 10. Casing; 11. Accommodating cavity; 20. Electrode assembly; 30. Thermal insulation and flame retardant component; 31. Phase change thermal insulation layer; 32. Flame retardant layer; 33. Packaging layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that terms such as “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, if any, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0029] In addition, if present, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if any, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the present application, if it appears, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature “above”, “above” and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature “below”, “below” and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] It should be noted that, if present, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0033] In order to improve the thermal runaway problem of battery cells and enhance the reliability of the battery, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell which, by providing a heat-insulating flame-retardant component between electrode assemblies, not only insulates the electrode assemblies but also slows down the spread and diffusion of flames between the electrode assemblies.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery cell 100 in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 10, a plurality of electrode assemblies 20 and a heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30. The plurality of electrode assemblies 20 are located in the housing 10. The heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 is located in the housing 10 and is arranged between adjacent electrode assemblies 20. The heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 includes a phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 and a flame-retardant layer 32. The phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 is wrapped around the flame-retardant layer 32, and the phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 is configured to absorb heat and undergo a phase change to release the flame-retardant layer 32.

[0035] The outer shell 10 may be, but is not limited to, an aluminum shell, a steel shell, etc., which is formed with a receiving cavity 11, and the electrode assembly 20 and the heat-insulating flame-retardant member 30 are located in the receiving cavity 11. The specific structure of the outer shell 10 can be obtained by conventional settings by those skilled in the art. For example, the outer shell 10 includes a shell and an end cover, the shell forms a receiving cavity 11 with an open end, and the end cover covers the open end of the receiving cavity 11. Further, an injection hole for filling the electrolyte is usually provided on the outer shell 10. Furthermore, a pole can also be provided on the outer shell 10 to facilitate connecting the electrode assembly 20 with an external circuit.

[0036] The electrode assembly 20 is the smallest unit for electrochemical reaction in the battery, commonly known as a bare cell. The electrode assembly 20 generally includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator that insulates the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The separator is a structure that allows ions to pass through. The electrode assembly 20 can be a wound type or a stacked type. When the electrode assembly 20 is placed in the accommodating cavity 11, an insulating film can be wrapped around the outside of the electrode assembly 20 to insulate and isolate the electrode assembly 20 from the housing 10.

[0037] In order to increase the capacity of the battery cell 100, a plurality of electrode assemblies 20 are generally disposed in the housing 10. In some examples, the plurality of electrode assemblies 20 are arranged side by side along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 20, and the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 20 generally corresponds to the stacking direction of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. In other examples, the plurality of electrode assemblies 20 may be arranged side by side in multiple rows.

[0038] A heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 100. The heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 is generally in the form of a sheet and can be clamped / bonded / fastened between adjacent battery cells 100. Specifically, the heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 can be disposed between battery cells 100 that are adjacent along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 20, and can also be disposed between battery cells 100 that are adjacently disposed in other directions. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the arrangement of the battery cells 100 in the accommodating cavity 11, and therefore does not limit the specific location of the heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30, as long as the heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 100.

[0039] The heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 has both heat-insulating and flame-retardant effects. To achieve this purpose, in the embodiment of the present application, the heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 includes a flame-retardant layer 32 and a phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 wrapped outside the flame-retardant layer 32. Among them, the phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 is made of a phase-change material, which has the characteristic of endothermic phase change, and has the effect of isolating a certain amount of heat. The phase-change material in this embodiment refers to a material that is in a solid phase under normal conditions and can transform from a solid phase to a liquid phase or a gas phase after absorbing a certain amount of heat. The flame-retardant layer 32 contains a flame-retardant substance, which has flame retardancy and can prevent, delay or terminate the spread of flames. The flame-retardant layer 32 can be a solid phase layer or a liquid phase layer, and the specific material can be flexibly selected according to needs.

[0040] When the heat of an electrode assembly 20 in a battery cell 100 rises, the phase-change insulation layer 31 of the adjacent insulation and flame-retardant component 30 will absorb its heat and achieve a certain insulation and cooling effect. When the heat of the electrode assembly 20 soars and catches fire, reaching the phase change temperature of the phase-change insulation layer 31, the phase-change insulation layer 31 can change from a solid phase to a liquid phase or a gas phase, and the wrapped flame-retardant layer 32 is not bound by the phase-change insulation layer 31 and is released, so that the flame-retardant material in the flame-retardant layer 32 plays a role in extinguishing fire and cooling, thereby reducing the probability of flames or high temperatures spreading to other electrode assemblies 20, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 as a whole and improving the reliability of the battery.

[0041] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change insulation layer 31 is in the range of 60°C to 180°C. The phase change temperature refers to the temperature at which the phase change insulation layer 31 changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase or to a gas phase. Usually, the battery cell 100 works normally at a temperature below 60°C, and the performance of the battery cell 100 is better. If the operating temperature of the battery cell 100 exceeds 180°C, the performance of the battery cell 100 drops sharply, and thermal runaway is prone to occur. At this time, the phase change insulation layer 31 is made of a phase change material with a phase change temperature within the above range, which has less impact on the normal operation of the battery cell 100, and can effectively prevent the battery cell 100 from thermal runaway as a whole.

[0042] In some embodiments, the phase change insulation layer 31 includes a solid-liquid phase change material, and the solid-liquid phase change material is transformed from a solid phase to a liquid phase at a phase change temperature. A solid-liquid phase change material refers to a material that can be transformed from a solid phase to a liquid phase within the above-mentioned phase change temperature range. Specifically, the solid-liquid phase change material can be selected from paraffin, mica, low eutectic, fatty acid materials and modified or composite materials thereof. At this time, the phase change insulation layer 31 is prepared from a solid-liquid phase change material, which has low cost, a wide variety, and is easy to implement.

[0043] Of course, in other embodiments, the phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 may also include a solid-gas phase-change material that changes from a solid phase to a gas phase within the above-mentioned phase-change temperature range.

[0044] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer 32 uses one of an inorganic flame retardant, a halogen flame retardant, a phosphorus-based flame retardant, a silicon-based flame retardant, and a nitrogen-based flame retardant.

[0045] The flame retardant layer 32 may contain one or more flame retardants, with no specific limitation. Since the flame retardant layer 32 is wrapped by the phase change insulation layer 31, the flame retardant has little effect on the performance of the battery cell 100 within the normal operating temperature range, and the flame retardant layer 32 can be made of a variety of flame retardants.

[0046] Specifically in the embodiment, the flame retardant layer 32 is a phosphorus-based flame retardant with a phosphorus content greater than 60%. Phosphorus-based flame retardants have the characteristic of good flame retardant effect, and the higher the phosphorus content, the better the flame retardant effect. At this time, the phosphorus-based flame retardant with a phosphorus content greater than 60% is selected to participate in the formation of the flame retardant layer 32, which can effectively ensure the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant layer 32.

[0047] Specifically, the flame retardant material contained in the flame retardant layer 32 may include ammonium polyphosphate, red phosphorus, and the like.

[0048] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer 32 is a flame retardant coating directly applied to the phase change insulation layer 31. Specifically, the flame retardant material can be made into a slurry with a solvent, an adhesive, etc., and then coated on a layer of phase change insulation layer 31 to form a flame retardant coating on a layer of phase change insulation layer 31, and finally another layer of phase change insulation layer 31 is encapsulated in the flame retardant coating to obtain the insulation flame retardant part 30. In this case, the preparation of the insulation flame retardant part 30 is relatively simple.

[0049] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer 32 includes a base film and a flame retardant coating applied to the base film. The base film may be a plastic film, such as a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, etc. A flame retardant slurry may be applied to the surface of the base film to form a flame retardant layer 32 carrying the flame retardant coating. Then, the heat insulating flame retardant part 30 is obtained by wrapping the phase change heat insulating layer 31 on the outside of the flame retardant layer 32. At this time, the preparation of the heat insulating flame retardant part 30 is relatively simple.

[0050] The phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 may be a film-type structure, a bag-type structure, or the like.

[0051] Of course, in other embodiments, the flame retardant material may be wrapped around the material of the phase change thermal insulation layer 31 and then compacted to obtain the thermal insulation and flame retardant component 30 .

[0052] In some embodiments, the flame retardant layer 32 is a high molecular polymer polymerized with a flame retardant substance or a microcapsule flame retardant encapsulated with a flame retardant substance.

[0053] The flame retardant material and the polymer material are polymerized together to obtain a polymer polymer containing the flame retardant material. The flame retardant material is microencapsulated to obtain a microcapsule flame retardant. The flame retardant structure obtained by these two methods is in a solid phase and has a relatively stable shape, which is convenient for processing and preparing the heat insulation flame retardant part 30.

[0054] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The wall thickness h1 of the phase change heat insulation layer 31 is 5 μm to 5 mm.

[0055] The phase change heat insulation layer 31 is wrapped outside the flame retardant layer 32 and is shaped like a hollow closed structure. Its wall thickness h1 is usually equal everywhere and can be used in the parallel direction of two electrode assemblies 20 adjacent to the heat insulation flame retardant member 30 (in Figure 1 and Figure 2In the figure, the side-by-side direction is represented by an X symbol. As mentioned above, the side-by-side direction is usually the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 20), and the thickness of this part of the phase change insulation layer 31 located on one side of the flame retardant layer 32 is used to represent the wall thickness h1 of the phase change insulation layer 31.

[0056] Specifically, the wall thickness h1 of the phase change insulation layer 31 can be selected as 5μm, 10μm, 50μm, 100μm, 200μm, 500μm, 800μm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm and values ​​between adjacent selected values. Understandably, for the phase change insulation layer 31 of the same material, the larger the wall thickness h1, the better the insulation effect, and the larger the internal space of the battery cell 100 occupied. When the wall thickness h1 of the phase change insulation layer 31 is within the above range, it has a good insulation effect and occupies a normal amount of internal space of the battery cell 100, and can take into account the thermal runaway control capability and energy density of the battery cell 100.

[0057] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 In the parallel direction of the two electrode assemblies 20 adjacent to the heat-insulating flame-retardant member 30 , the thickness h2 of the flame-retardant layer 32 is 5 μm to 5 mm.

[0058] Specifically, the thickness h2 of the flame retardant layer 32 can be selected to be 5 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 500 μm, 800 μm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, and values ​​between adjacent selected values.

[0059] Understandably, for the flame retardant layer 32 of the same material, the greater the thickness h2, the better the flame retardant effect, and the larger the internal space occupied by the battery cell 100. When the thickness h2 of the flame retardant layer 32 is within the above range, it has a good flame retardant effect and occupies a normal internal space of the battery cell 100, and can take into account the thermal runaway control capability and energy density of the battery cell 100.

[0060] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The heat-insulating flame-retardant component 30 further includes a packaging layer 33 , which is wrapped around the phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 . The melting point or deformation shrinkage temperature of the packaging layer 33 is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase-change heat-insulating layer 31 .

[0061] An encapsulation layer 33 is encapsulated outside the phase change insulation layer 31 to protect the phase change insulation layer 31, improve the preservation and transportability of the insulation and flame retardant component 30, and improve the structural stability of the insulation and flame retardant component 30. Generally, the encapsulation layer 33 is made of a chemically stable and corrosion-resistant material, and no side reactions occur in the electrolyte environment.

[0062] The encapsulation layer 33 can be made of a material with a lower melting point, and the melting point is required to be lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change insulation layer 31, so as not to affect the normal heat absorption phase change of the phase change insulation layer 31. The encapsulation layer 33 can also be selected to have a deformation shrinkage temperature lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change insulation layer 31. When the temperature is high, the encapsulation layer 33 can shrink and deform to expose the phase change insulation layer 31, so that the phase change insulation layer 31 can normally absorb heat and phase change. In this way, it can be ensured that when the electrode assembly 20 fails thermally, the heat insulation flame retardant 30 can release the flame retardant layer 32 in time to flame retard.

[0063] It is easy to understand that the thickness of the encapsulation layer 33 is relatively thin, so as to reduce the internal space occupied by the battery cell 100 and improve the energy density of the battery cell 100. The encapsulation layer 33 can be formed by coating the outside of the phase change insulation layer 31 with a thin film.

[0064] Specifically in the embodiment, the encapsulation layer 33 is a PP layer, a PI layer or a PET layer. The PP layer is a polypropylene layer, the PI layer is a polyimide layer, and the PET layer is a polyethylene terephthalate layer. The encapsulation layer 33 of these three materials can not only play the role of the above-mentioned encapsulation layer 33, but also has a low price, which helps to reduce the preparation cost of the battery cell 100.

[0065] In addition, the present application also provides a battery, which includes the battery cell 100 in the above embodiment. The battery is usually provided with a plurality of battery cells 100, and each battery cell 100 is connected in parallel or in series. In some examples, the battery includes a box, and the battery cell 100 is accommodated in the box.

[0066] In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, which includes the above-mentioned battery, and the battery is used to supply power. The electric device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, etc. Taking the electric device as a vehicle as an example, the battery 100 can be set at the rear, head or bottom of the vehicle, and the battery can provide power for the drive of the vehicle, and can also provide power for the control system of the vehicle.

[0067] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0068] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that: The battery cell comprises: Housing (10); A plurality of electrode assemblies (20) are located in the housing (10); and A heat-insulating flame-retardant component (30) is located in the housing (10) and is arranged between adjacent electrode assemblies (20); the heat-insulating flame-retardant component (30) comprises a phase-change heat-insulating layer (31) and a flame-retardant layer (32); the phase-change heat-insulating layer (31) is wrapped outside the flame-retardant layer (32); and the phase-change heat-insulating layer (31) is configured to absorb heat and undergo phase change to release the flame-retardant layer (32).

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change temperature of the phase change heat insulation layer (31) is in the range of 60°C to 180°C.

3. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase-change heat-insulating layer (31) comprises a solid-liquid phase-change material, and the solid-liquid phase-change material is transformed from a solid phase to a liquid phase at the phase-change temperature.

4. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant layer (32) uses one of an inorganic flame retardant, a halogen flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, a silicon flame retardant, and a nitrogen flame retardant.

5. The battery cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flame retardant layer (32) is a phosphorus-based flame retardant material with a phosphorus content greater than 60%.

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant layer (32) is a flame retardant coating directly coated on the phase change heat insulation layer (31), or the flame retardant layer (32) includes a base film and a flame retardant coating coated on the base film; The flame retardant layer (32) is a high molecular polymer polymerized with a flame retardant substance or a microcapsule flame retardant encapsulated with a flame retardant substance.

7. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall thickness h1 of the phase change heat insulation layer (31) is 5 μm to 5 mm; And / or, in the side-by-side direction of the two electrode assemblies (20) adjacent to the heat-insulating flame-retardant component (30), the thickness h2 of the flame-retardant layer (32) is 5 μm to 5 mm.

8. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating flame-retardant component (30) further comprises a packaging layer (33), wherein the packaging layer (33) is wrapped outside the phase-change heat-insulating layer (31), and the melting point or deformation shrinkage temperature of the packaging layer (33) is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase-change heat-insulating layer (31); The encapsulation layer (33) is a PP layer, a PI layer or a PET layer.

9. A battery, characterized in that: The battery comprises the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that: The electrical device comprises the battery as claimed in claim 9, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

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