Crankshaft key groove milling tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a crankshaft key groove milling tool. Comprising a bottom plate, a front clamp used for axially clamping the front end of a crankshaft and a rear clamp used for axially clamping the output end of the crankshaft which are fixedly installed on the two sides of the bottom plate respectively, and an upper clamp and a lower clamp which are fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom plate and used for radially clamping a journal on the crankshaft. The front clamp comprises a front supporting seat and a front tip fixedly installed on the front supporting seat, the rear clamp comprises a rear supporting seat, a rear tip fixedly installed on the rear supporting seat and a first driving part used for driving the rear tip to move, and the upper clamp comprises a pressing head and a second driving part used for driving the pressing head. According to the scheme, the technical problem that the stability of a tool is insufficient in the crankshaft machining process is solved in a four-point positioning mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a keyway milling tooling for a crankshaft. Background Technique

[0002] The crankshaft is the most important component in an engine, which bears the force transmitted by the connecting rod and converts it into torque to be output through the crankshaft and drive other accessories on the engine to work. The crankshaft is jointly affected by the centrifugal force of the rotating mass, the periodically changing gas inertia force and the reciprocating inertia force, so that the crankshaft bears the action of bending and torsional loads. Therefore, it is required that the crankshaft must have sufficient strength and stiffness, and the journal surface needs to be wear-resistant, work evenly and have good balance.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown, the crankshaft 1 includes a journal 11 in the middle, two cranks 12 fixedly connected to both ends of the journal 11 respectively, a front end 13 and an output end 14 fixedly connected to the two cranks 12 respectively. Central holes are provided in both the front end 13 and the output end 14. During the production of the crankshaft 1, keyways 15 need to be milled on the side of the front end 13 and the output end 14 closer to the journal 11 by a milling machine. During the process of milling the keyways 15, a special tooling is required to fix the crankshaft 1. The existing special tooling for fixing the crankshaft is generally a single center type. The single center type tooling usually has only one center, which can only axially press against the central hole at one end of the crankshaft. The problem emerging in practical applications is that relying only on single-point support may lead to insufficient stability for asymmetric or unbalanced workpieces. According to the applicant's process of machining the crankshaft, only the center of gravity of the finished crankshaft can be kept at the center. When it comes to the step of milling the keyway, the center of gravity of the crankshaft is biased towards the front end. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a keyway milling tooling for eccentric crankshafts with stronger stability. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a keyway milling tooling for a crankshaft, which can solve the technical problem of insufficient stability of the existing tooling for fixing the crankshaft.

[0005] The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The keyway milling tooling for a crankshaft includes a bottom plate, a front fixture fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom plate for axially clamping the front end of the crankshaft, and a rear fixture for axially clamping the output end of the crankshaft, an upper fixture and a lower fixture fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom plate for radially clamping the journal of the crankshaft; the front fixture includes a front support seat and a front center fixedly installed on the front support seat, the rear fixture includes a rear support seat, a rear center fixedly installed on the rear support seat, a driving member one for driving the rear center to move, and the upper fixture includes a pressing head and a driving member two for driving the pressing head.

[0007] Beneficial Effects:

[0008] 1. Improve the stability of the tooling when fixing the crankshaft: The axial positioning of the crankshaft is completed in a double-top manner through the front fixture and the rear fixture, and then the radial positioning is completed by clamping the crankshaft from above and below through the upper fixture and the lower fixture. It is worth mentioning that the contact points for axial positioning are the front end and the output end of the crankshaft, and the contact points for radial positioning are the journal on the crankshaft. The four-point positioning method is beneficial to improving the stability of the crankshaft during the machining process, thereby improving the machining accuracy.

[0009] 2. Reduce the risk of damage to the crankshaft during the machining process: The crankshaft undergoes a four-point positioning process through the lower fixture, the front fixture, the rear fixture, and the upper fixture in sequence. This not only reduces the shaking of the crankshaft during the machining process but also reduces the risk of damage caused by hard contact between the crankshaft and the tooling components, ensuring the machining quality of the crankshaft and improving the safety during operation.

[0010] Furthermore, as an improvement, a vessel for collecting chips and draining cutting fluid is detachably arranged on the base plate corresponding to the keyway position of the crankshaft. A sieve is fixedly arranged in the vessel. One end opening of the vessel is used as a pouring port, and a drainage groove is opened on the base plate. The pouring port corresponds to the position of the drainage groove.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The detachably arranged vessel is beneficial to collecting chips and cutting fluid generated during the machining process. In cooperation with the sieve and the drainage groove, it is beneficial to promoting the recycling of the coolant and keeping the base plate clean, reducing the interference of chips and cutting fluid on the machining process, and improving the machining accuracy and quality.

[0012] Furthermore, as an improvement, the drainage groove includes a drainage groove one and a drainage groove two arranged in parallel. The pouring port corresponds to the position of the drainage groove one, and a water leakage port corresponding to the position of the drainage groove two is opened at one end of the vessel far from the pouring port.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Setting multiple drainage grooves helps to improve the circulation efficiency of the coolant, thereby ensuring the cooling speed of the entire crankshaft and being beneficial to ensuring the machining quality.

[0014] Furthermore, as an improvement, the top surface of the lower fixture is a flat surface parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Defining the top surface of the lower fixture as a flat surface is beneficial to enhancing the freedom of movement of the crankshaft in the radial direction during the process of axially positioning the crankshaft. During the process of axially fixing the front end and the output end of the crankshaft by the front fixture and the rear fixture, due to inaccurate initial positioning, the crankshaft is prone to a certain degree of radial swing to correct the position. If the top surface of the lower fixture is changed to a structure such as a V-shaped groove, it is easy to limit the swinging process of the crankshaft, which will affect the accuracy of the final positioning of the crankshaft and is also prone to quality problems caused by damage to the crankshaft surface.

[0016] Furthermore, as an improvement, both the first driving member and the second driving member are selected as air cylinders.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The air cylinder has a simple structure, is easy to maintain and repair, and has high reliability. Selecting air cylinders as the first driving member and the second driving member not only has a fast response speed, but also is beneficial to controlling the use and maintenance costs. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 Is an axonometric view of the crankshaft;

[0019] Figure 2 Is the front view of the first embodiment of the keyway milling tooling for the crankshaft of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 Is corresponding to Figure 2 The front view after fixing the crankshaft to be machined;

[0021] Figure 4 Is Figure 2 The top view of the middle bottom plate and the vessel;

[0022] Figure 5 Is Figure 4 The A-A cross-sectional view in Detailed Description of the Specific Embodiments

[0023] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0024] The reference signs in the attached drawings of the specification include: crankshaft 1, journal 11, crank 12, front end 13, output end 14, keyway 15, bottom plate 2, first drainage groove 21, second drainage groove 22, front fixture 3, front support seat 31, front center 32, rear fixture 4, rear support seat 41, first driving member 42, rear center 43, lever 44, upper fixture 5, pressing head 51, second driving member 52, lower fixture 6, vessel 7, screen 71, pouring opening 72, water leakage opening 73.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] As Figures 2 - 5 shown, the keyway milling tooling for the crankshaft 1 includes a bottom plate 2, a front fixture 3 screwed on both sides of the bottom plate 2 for axially clamping the front end 13 on the crankshaft 1, a rear fixture 4 for axially clamping the output end 14 on the crankshaft 1, and also includes an upper fixture 5 and a lower fixture 6 screwed in the middle of the bottom plate 2 for radially clamping the journal 11 on the crankshaft 1.

[0027] In this embodiment, the front fixture 3 includes a front support base 31 and a front center point 32 fixedly mounted on the front support base 31 by screws. The rear fixture 4 includes a rear support base 41, a first driving member 42 fixedly mounted on the rear support base 41 by screws, and a rear center point 43. The first driving member 42 is a cylinder. The output end 14 of the first driving member 42 is fixedly connected to the rear center point 43 by bolts. A lever 44 for controlling the operation of the first driving member 42 is fixedly arranged on the top of the first driving member 42 as a switch of the first driving member 42.

[0028] In this embodiment, the upper fixture 5 includes a pressure head 51 and a second driving member 52 for driving the pressure head 51. The second driving member 52 is a cylinder. The output end 14 of the second driving member 52 is fixedly connected to the pressure head 51 by bolts. A button for controlling the operation of the second driving member 52 is fixedly arranged on the side of the second driving member 52 as a switch of the second driving member 52. The lower fixture 6 is integrally in a cuboid structure, so that the top surface of the lower fixture 6 is a flat surface flush with the horizontal plane. The main function of the lower fixture 6 is to provide temporary support for the crankshaft 1. While the lower fixture 6 with a flat top surface can provide support for the crankshaft 1, it can also provide a high degree of freedom of movement for the swing of the crankshaft 1. During the process of axially fixing the front end 13 and the output end 14 of the crankshaft 1 by the front fixture 3 and the rear fixture 4, due to inaccurate initial positioning, the crankshaft 1 is prone to a certain degree of radial swing to correct the position. If the top surface of the lower fixture 6 is changed to a structure such as a V-shaped groove, it is easy to limit the swing process of the crankshaft 1, which will affect the accuracy of the final positioning of the crankshaft 1 and is also likely to cause quality problems due to damage to the surface of the crankshaft 1.

[0029] A vessel 7 for collecting chips and draining cutting fluid is detachably arranged on the base plate 2 corresponding to the keyway 15 position of the crankshaft 1 by screws. A screen 71 is welded and fixed in the vessel 7. One end opening of the vessel 7 is used as a pouring port 72. Drainage openings 73 are oppositely opened on both sides of the end of the vessel 7 far from the pouring port 72. Drainage grooves 21 corresponding to the pouring port 72 and drainage grooves 22 corresponding to the drainage openings 73 are opened on both sides of the base plate 2. The drainage grooves 21 and the drainage grooves 22 are parallel to each other. During the process of milling the keyway 15 on the output end 14 with a milling machine, coolant is sprayed at this position. At this time, the generated chips mixed with the coolant fall into the vessel 7. Among them, the chips are separated by the screen 71, and the coolant flows into the drainage grooves 21 and the drainage grooves 22 on the base plate 2 from the pouring port 72 and the drainage openings 73 respectively, which is beneficial to promoting the recovery of the coolant and keeping the base plate 2 clean.

[0030] The specific application process is as follows:

[0031] During use, the staff first place the crankshaft 1 to be processed as Figure 3The crankshaft 1 is placed on the lower fixture 6. At this time, the top surface of the lower fixture 6 supports the journal 11 of the crankshaft 1. Then the staff aligns the center hole of the front end 13 of the crankshaft 1 with the front center 32 to complete the initial positioning of the crankshaft 1. Then the lever 44 is moved to start the driving member 1 42. The driving member 1 42 drives the rear center 43 as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the probe is moved to the left to be inserted into the center hole in the output end 14 of the crankshaft 1, and the axial positioning of the crankshaft 1 is completed in a double-top manner. Finally, the button of the driving member 2 52 is pressed to drive the probe as shown. Figure 3 As shown, the lower clamp 6 moves downward to cooperate with the lower clamp 6 to press the journal 11 of the crankshaft 1, and the radial positioning of the crankshaft 1 is completed by the upper and lower clamping method to ensure the stability of the crankshaft 1 during the processing. The chips generated during the processing are taken away by the coolant and finally retained above the screen 71, and the coolant needs to be reused. The coolant flows from the pouring port 72 and the leakage port 73 to the drainage groove 1 21 and the drainage groove 2 22 on the bottom plate 2 for centralized recovery. When the chips accumulate to a certain extent, the staff only needs to remove the container 7 from the bottom plate 2 and then use the pouring port 72 to pour out the chips.

[0032] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model. The utility model is not limited to the field involved in this implementation case. The common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the utility model, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. Crankshaft keyway milling tool, characterized by: It comprises a base plate, a front clamp fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate for axially clamping the front end of the crankshaft and a rear clamp for axially clamping the output end of the crankshaft, and an upper clamp and a lower clamp fixedly installed in the middle of the base plate for radially clamping the journal of the crankshaft; The front clamp includes a front support seat and a front center fixedly installed on the front support seat, the rear clamp includes a rear support seat, a rear center fixedly installed on the rear support seat, and a driving member 1 for driving the rear center to move, and the upper clamp includes a pressure head and a driving member 2 for driving the pressure head.

2. The crankshaft keyway milling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A container for collecting chips and draining cutting fluid is detachably arranged at the keyway position of the crankshaft on the bottom plate, a screen is fixedly arranged in the container, one end of the container is opened as a pouring port, and a drainage groove is opened on the bottom plate, and the pouring port corresponds to the position of the drainage groove.

3. The crankshaft keyway milling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage groove comprises a drainage groove 1 and a drainage groove 2 which are arranged in parallel with each other, the pouring port corresponds to the position of the drainage groove 1, and a leakage port corresponding to the position of the drainage groove 2 is provided on an end of the vessel away from the pouring port.

4. The crankshaft keyway milling tool according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the lower clamp is a flat surface parallel to the horizontal plane.

5. The crankshaft keyway milling tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving member 1 and the driving member 2 are both cylinders.

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