Crude oil degumming device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel crude oil degumming device which comprises an acid mixer, an acidification tank, a hydration mixer, a hydration tank, a washing mixer, a washing tank, a pump, a degumming centrifugal machine and a washing centrifugal machine, wherein the acid mixer and the acidification tank are used for acidification reaction; and the foots tank is used for storing foots. According to the novel crude oil degumming device disclosed by the utility model, the novel crude oil degumming device is used for converting non-hydrated phospholipids in crude oil into hydrated phospholipids and then removing the hydrated phospholipids in a vegetable oil refining process, so that the content of phospholipids in the crude oil is reduced. The novel crude oil degumming device is additionally provided with the oil residue back-adding pipeline, the acidification tank and the hydration tank are additionally provided with the partition plates for improving the reaction efficiency, and meanwhile, crude oil cooling equipment in a traditional crude oil hydration degumming device is omitted, so that a better degumming effect is achieved under the condition of saving investment and energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of edible oil processing, and particularly to a novel crude oil degumming device. Background Art

[0002] In the oil industry, the main component of crude oil obtained by pressing, leaching or other methods is triglyceride. In addition, there are various impurities in crude oil, which form a sol system with triglyceride and are named colloid-soluble impurities. Colloid-soluble impurities include phospholipids, proteins, sugars, etc. Phospholipids will make the oil dark and turbid, and will become coked and bitter when exposed to high temperature, affecting the quality of oil products and the technological effect of deep processing of oils. Phospholipids will cause emulsification during oil refining with alkali; increase the consumption of adsorbent during decolorization; and cause catalyst poisoning during hydrogenation. Therefore, crude oil refining must first remove phospholipids.

[0003] Phospholipids have high hydrophilicity. A certain amount of hot water or electrolyte aqueous solutions such as dilute alkali, salt, and phosphoric acid are added to hot crude oil under stirring, so that the colloid-soluble impurities in it absorb water and flocculate into micelles, and finally are removed by gravity sedimentation or centrifugal separation. The more stable the colloidal particles and the larger the micelles, the easier it is to separate from the oil, and the lower the oil content in the separated oil foot, and the lower the loss of oil refining.

[0004] Phospholipids are divided into hydrated phospholipids and non-hydrated phospholipids. Hydrated phospholipids are easily hydrated and form compounds that are not easily soluble in oils; while non-hydrated phospholipids need to be converted into hydrated phospholipids by adding acid and then removed by hydration. When degumming is used as the previous process of oil refining, a combination of hydration degumming and acidification degumming is usually adopted to remove phospholipids in crude oil and reduce its phosphorus content.

[0005] In the traditional crude oil degumming device, due to the simple structure of the reaction tank, the crude oil easily enters the next process without sufficient reaction. In addition, in the hydration process, in order to form better crystal micelles, the crude oil is usually cooled to below 40°C, first undergoes a hydration reaction, and then the oil foot generated by heating and separation is processed.

[0006] Therefore, improving the degumming effect of crude oil and minimizing equipment investment, reducing power and steam consumption have been increasingly emphasized in the field of oil processing. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] Therefore, aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a novel crude oil degumming device with low cost and simple structure.

[0008] The technical solution of the present utility model is a crude oil degumming device. An acid mixer connected to a crude oil pipeline is sequentially connected to a first acidification tank and a second acidification tank through pipelines. The outlet of the second acidification tank is connected to an acidified oil transfer pump; the acidified oil transfer pump is sequentially connected to a hydration mixer and a hydration tank through pipelines;

[0009] The outlet of the hydration tank is sequentially connected to a degumming transfer pump, a heat exchanger and a heater. The cold-side outlet of the heater is connected to a degumming centrifuge;

[0010] The light-phase outlet of the degumming centrifuge is sequentially connected to a water-washing mixer and a water-washing tank through pipelines. The outlet of the water-washing tank is connected to a water-washing transfer pump and a water-washing centrifuge.

[0011] A crude oil degumming device, wherein a pipeline for introducing phosphoric acid or citric acid is connected to the inlet of the acid mixer.

[0012] A crude oil degumming device, wherein the heavy-phase outlet of the degumming centrifuge is connected to an oil-foot tank.

[0013] Further, the outlet of the oil-foot tank is connected to an oil-foot transfer pump, and the oil-foot transfer pump is further connected to the pipeline connecting the hydration mixer and the hydration tank to form an oil-foot backfill system.

[0014] A crude oil degumming device, wherein a pipeline for introducing hot water is connected in front of the inlet of the hydration mixer or an additional pipeline for introducing alkali or salt is added. That is, one or two channels are connected in front of the inlet of the hydration mixer. This channel can be used to introduce hot water, and the second channel can also be used as an alternative to connect a pipeline through which alkali or salt passes.

[0015] A crude oil degumming device, wherein a pipeline for introducing hot water is connected in front of the inlet of the water-washing mixer or an additional pipeline for introducing citric acid is added. That is, one or two channels are connected in front of the inlet of the water-washing mixer.

[0016] If a pipeline through which alkali or salt passes is connected in front of the inlet of the hydration mixer, then a pipeline through which citric acid passes needs to be connected in front of the water-washing mixer.

[0017] A crude oil degumming device, wherein stirring is provided inside the first acidification tank; stirring is provided inside the second acidification tank; stirring is provided inside the hydration tank.

[0018] Further, multiple layers of partition plates are provided inside the first acidification tank; multiple layers of partition plates are provided inside the second acidification tank; multiple layers of partition plates are provided inside the hydration tank. The function of the partition plates is to prevent reaction short circuits and improve reaction efficiency.

[0019] Different from traditional crude oil hydration degumming devices, a crude oil cooling device does not need to be provided in front of the hydration tank.

[0020] A crude oil degumming device, wherein the hot side of the heat exchanger is connected to a tertiary oil outlet pipeline; the hot side of the heater is connected to a steam heating pipeline.

[0021] The utility model provides a novel crude oil degumming device with beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The acidification tank and hydration tank of the utility model are equipped with baffles for stirring and preventing reaction short circuit, so that the acidification reaction and hydration reaction are more complete, thereby reducing the reaction time and improving the reaction efficiency.

[0023] (2) The utility model device is provided with an oil residue return pipeline. The oil residue is pumped back to the hydration tank and mixed with the acidified oil with hot water to produce a hydration reaction. Compared with the mutual attraction and flocculation of small colloid particles, the returned oil residue has a larger volume and surface area and a stronger adsorption capacity, thereby adsorbing the surrounding small colloid particles to form a larger and more stable flocculent, which lays a better foundation for subsequent centrifugal separation.

[0024] (3) Compared with the prior art, the device of the utility model does not need to be provided with cooling equipment to reduce the temperature of the crude oil hydration reaction before the hydration reaction, and can achieve a better colloid flocculation effect. Furthermore, after the hydration reaction, only a small amount of steam is needed to heat the crude oil containing a large number of micelles to a suitable degumming temperature, and the steam consumption is significantly reduced.

[0025] (4) The utility model reduces the crude oil cooling equipment, installs baffles inside the acidification tank and hydration tank, and adds oil foot return pipeline. Therefore, both the initial investment cost and the later operation and maintenance cost are low, creating considerable and sustainable economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The utility model discloses a process schematic diagram of a novel crude oil degumming device.

[0027] 1. Acid mixer; 2. First acidification tank; 3. Second acidification tank; 4. Acidification oil delivery pump; 5. Hydration mixer; 6. Hydration tank; 7. Degumming delivery pump; 8. Heat exchanger; 9. Heater; 10. Degumming centrifuge; 11. Water washing mixer; 12. Water washing tank; 13. Water washing delivery pump; 14. Water washing centrifuge; 15. Oil foot tank; 16. Oil foot delivery pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 , the specific connection mode of a new type of crude oil degumming device is as follows:

[0030] The inlet of the acid mixer 1 is connected with a crude oil pipeline, and its outlet is connected to the bottom end of the first acidification tank 2 through a pipeline; the top end of the first acidification tank 2 is connected to the top end of the second acidification tank 3 through a pipeline; the bottom end of the second acidification tank 3 is connected to the acidified oil delivery pump 4 through a pipeline; and then connected to the inlet of the hydration mixer 5 through a pipeline; the outlet of the hydration mixer 5 is connected to the top end of the hydration tank 6 through a pipeline; the bottom end of the hydration tank 6 is connected to the degumming delivery pump 7 through a pipeline; and then connected to the cold sides of the heat exchanger 8 and the heater 9 in sequence through a pipeline; the cold side outlet of the heater 9 is connected to the feed inlet of the degumming centrifuge 10 through a pipeline; the light phase outlet of the degumming centrifuge 10 is connected to the inlet of the water washing mixer 11 through a pipeline; the outlet of the water washing mixer 11 is connected to the top end of the water washing tank 12 through a pipeline; the bottom end of the water washing tank 12 is connected to the feed inlets of the water washing delivery pump 13 and the water washing centrifuge 14 respectively through a pipeline; the light phase outlet of the water washing centrifuge 14 is connected to the three-stage oil vacuum drying process through a pipeline.

[0031] A pipeline through which phosphoric acid or citric acid passes is connected in front of the inlet of the acid mixer 1.

[0032] A pipeline through which hot water passes is connected in front of the inlet of the hydration mixer 5. In a preferred embodiment, another pipeline through which electrolytes such as alkali or salt can pass is also connected.

[0033] A pipeline through which hot water passes is connected in front of the inlet of the water washing mixer 11. If a pipeline through which electrolytes such as alkali or salt passes is connected in front of the inlet of the hydration mixer 5, then a pipeline through which citric acid passes needs to be connected in front of the water washing mixer 11.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the heavy phase outlet of the degumming centrifuge 10 is sequentially connected with an oil foot tank 15 and an oil foot delivery pump 16 through a pipeline; the outlet of the oil foot delivery pump 16 is connected to the pipeline connecting the hydration mixer 5 and the hydration tank 6 through a pipeline, forming an oil foot backfill system.

[0035] The bottom end of the oil foot tank 15 is connected with an oil foot storage tank through a pipeline.

[0036] The heavy phase outlet of the water washing centrifuge 14 is connected with a water washing water temporary storage tank through a pipeline.

[0037] The interiors of the first acidification tank 2 and the second acidification tank 3 are equipped with baffles for stirring and preventing short-circuiting of the acidification reaction.

[0038] The interior of the hydration tank 6 is equipped with baffles for stirring and preventing short-circuiting of the hydration reaction.

[0039] The hot side of the heat exchanger 8 is connected to the three-stage oil outlet pipeline, and the hot side of the heater 9 is connected to the steam heating pipeline.

[0040] The technological process of a new type of crude oil degumming device of the present utility model is as follows:

[0041] Hot crude oil at 60 - 75 °C and a certain amount of phosphoric acid or citric acid first enter the acid mixer for mixing, then enter the first acidification tank, and then overflow to the second acidification tank. After sufficient acidification reaction, the non-hydratable phospholipids in the crude oil are converted into hydratable phospholipids. The acidified oil is transported to the hydration mixer by the acidified oil transfer pump, and hot water accounting for 1.5 - 3.5% of the oil weight is added. When the flocculation of the colloid particles is not good or emulsification occurs during operation, electrolytes such as alkali or salt can be added to ensure the degumming effect. After the acidified oil and hot water are mixed, the colloidal dispersed phase of the acidified oil enters the cold side of the heat exchanger through the degumming transfer pump, and is first heated by the three-stage oil; then it enters the heater and is heated by steam to 80 - 85 °C, and then enters the degumming centrifuge.

[0042] The heavy-phase oil foot separated by the degumming centrifuge is temporarily stored in the oil foot tank, and then returned to the hydration tank through the oil foot transfer pump. In the hydration tank, the phospholipids undergoing hydration adsorption of other gums in the oil, the particles increase in size, and then aggregate with each other and gradually precipitate and suspend in the oil phase. As the water absorption increases, the degree of swelling increases, and the circumferential range affected by the colloid particle attraction expands, so that small colloid particles attract and flocculate into large colloid masses. The returned oil foot has a larger volume and surface area, and has stronger adsorption ability, so as to adsorb the surrounding small colloid particles to form larger and more stable colloid masses.

[0043] The light-phase degummed oil separated by the degumming centrifuge enters the water washing process. The degummed oil and a certain amount of hot water first enter the water washing mixer. If electrolytes such as alkali or salt are added during the acidification process, citric acid needs to be added for neutralization during the water washing process; after the degummed oil and hot water are mixed, they enter the water washing tank, and then are transported to the water washing centrifuge by the water washing transfer pump to further remove the residual gum in the oil and reduce the phosphorus content. The light-phase three-stage oil separated by the water washing centrifuge is transported to the vacuum drying process, and the heavy-phase washing water, residual phosphorus and other impurities are collected and recycled.

[0044] The equipment quantities and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present utility model, and the applications, modifications and variations of the present utility model are obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present utility model. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present utility model is not limited to the specific details and the examples shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A crude oil degumming device, characterized in that: An acid mixer (1) connected to the crude oil pipeline is sequentially connected to a first acidification tank (2) and a second acidification tank (3) through pipelines; an outlet of the second acidification tank (3) is connected to an acidified oil delivery pump (4); the acidified oil delivery pump (4) is sequentially connected to a hydration mixer (5) and a hydration tank (6) through pipelines; The outlet of the hydration tank (6) is then connected to a degumming delivery pump (7), a heat exchanger (8) and a heater (9) in sequence, and the cold side outlet of the heater (9) is connected to a degumming centrifuge (10); The light phase outlet of the degumming centrifuge (10) is sequentially connected to a water washing mixer (11) and a water washing tank (12) through pipelines, and the outlet of the water washing tank (12) is connected to a water washing delivery pump (13) and a water washing centrifuge (14).

2. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the acid mixer (1) is connected to a pipeline for introducing phosphoric acid or citric acid.

3. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy phase outlet of the degumming centrifuge (10) is connected to an oil foot tank (15).

4. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet of the oil foot tank (15) is connected to an oil foot delivery pump (16), and the oil foot delivery pump (16) is further connected to the pipeline connecting the hydration mixer (5) and the hydration tank (6), thereby forming an oil foot return system.

5. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pipeline for hot water to be introduced or a pipeline for alkali or salt to be introduced is connected in front of the inlet of the hydration mixer (5).

6. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pipeline for hot water to be introduced or a pipeline for citric acid to be introduced is connected in front of the inlet of the water washing mixer (11).

7. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first acidification tank (2) is provided with a stirring device inside; the second acidification tank (3) is provided with a stirring device inside; and the hydration tank (6) is provided with a stirring device inside.

8. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first acidification tank (2) is provided with a plurality of partitions inside; the second acidification tank (3) is provided with a plurality of partitions inside; and the hydration tank (6) is provided with a plurality of partitions inside.

9. A crude oil degumming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot side of the heat exchanger (8) is connected to a tertiary oil outlet pipeline; the hot side of the heater (9) is connected to a steam heating pipeline.

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