Biological device for quickly enriching plastic degrading bacteria

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of plastic treatment, in particular to a biological device for quickly enriching plastic degrading bacteria, which comprises a reaction tank, a biological device, a biological device and a control system, wherein the reaction tank is provided with a cavity and a discharge hole communicated with the cavity; the aeration device is used for generating gas and is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank; the rotary stirring assembly comprises a rotary driving assembly and a stirring rod, the rotary driving assembly is connected with the reaction tank and is used for driving the stirring rod to rotate, and the stirring rod is connected with a plastic placing box and is used for stirring the fluid in the cavity. The plastic culture medium overcomes the defects that a common culture medium floats upwards due to low plastic density, and the plastic cannot be in full contact with a culture solution, so that the biofilm quantity and the retention on the surface are low, and degrading bacteria are difficult to screen finally, and can improve the microbial biomass on the surface of the plastic; the screening process of the degrading bacteria is accelerated, and the degrading efficiency of the degrading bacteria can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic disposal devices, and more specifically, to a biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria. Background Art

[0002] Plastics are high-molecular compounds polymerized from monomers through addition polymerization or polycondensation reactions. Due to their excellent properties and low production costs, a large amount of plastics are produced every year and widely used in global production and life. According to investigations, nearly 400 million tons of plastics were produced globally in 2021, and the production of five low-density plastics, namely polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), accounted for approximately 75%. Unfortunately, due to limitations in recycling and waste treatment, a large amount of traditional plastics ultimately enter the terrestrial and water environments and form microplastics during the migration process. These plastics and microplastics that enter water bodies or other environmental matrices will have negative impacts on human life and the ecological environment and pose potential risks to human health. In recent years, scientists have successively detected the presence of microplastics in the lungs and blood of the human body. These phenomena have raised concerns about the possible internalization and translocation of biological damage caused by plastics.

[0003] Currently, the actual disposal methods for traditional plastics are mainly physical and chemical treatment methods, but this method has problems such as high energy consumption and the generation of toxic and harmful products. The prior art CN217077576U discloses a biological culture device, which includes a tank body and an aeration disc. The aeration disc is placed at the bottom of the tank body. Uniform tiny bubbles are generated during the aeration process. While aerating, the bubbles disturb the culture solution, increasing the contact opportunity between microorganisms and the reaction substrate, and the culture speed is greatly improved compared with liquid culture media. In the process of culturing and screening using a similar biological culture device, it is crucial to keep the substrate in full contact with a variety of microorganisms under the premise of sufficient aeration. However, low-density plastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene have a density lower than that of water. Coupled with the aeration bubbles rising from the bottom to the liquid surface, directly culturing plastics will float to the surface of the liquid culture medium. It is difficult for microorganisms to colonize on the plastic surface, and the screening efficiency is low. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the problem in the above-mentioned prior art that plastics float on the surface of the culture solution, making it difficult for microorganisms to contact the plastics, and ultimately resulting in low screening efficiency, the utility model provides a biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria, which can intercept plastics, increase the contact area between plastics and microorganisms, thereby improving the screening efficiency and culture rate of plastic-degrading bacteria.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present utility model is as follows:

[0006] A biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria, comprising: a reaction tank, the reaction tank being provided with a cavity and a discharge port communicating with the cavity; an aeration device for generating gas, the aeration device being disposed at the bottom of the reaction tank; a rotary stirring assembly, the rotary stirring assembly including a rotary drive assembly and a stirring rod, the rotary drive assembly being connected to the reaction tank and used for driving the stirring rod to rotate, the stirring rod being connected with a plastic placement box, and the stirring rod being used for stirring the fluid in the cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the reaction tank includes a top cover and a tank body connected to the top cover, the cavity being formed between the top cover and the tank body, and the stirring rod being located in the cavity; the cavity includes a reaction area, the top of the reaction area being connected to the atmosphere, and the bottom of the reaction area communicating with the discharge port. Microorganisms grow and metabolize in the reaction area, and the gas generated during the metabolism of these microorganisms and the gas generated by aeration can float upward to the top of the reaction area.

[0008] Preferably, the biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria further includes a temperature adjustment component for adjusting the internal temperature of the reaction area.

[0009] More preferably, there is a heating cavity filled with a heat-conducting medium between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the tank body; the temperature adjustment component includes a temperature sensor disposed in the cavity, a temperature controller located outside the outer cylinder of the tank body, and a heater for heating the heat-conducting medium in the heating cavity; the temperature controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, and the heater is electrically connected to the temperature controller. The temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the fluid and transmit the temperature signal to the temperature controller, and the temperature controller then determines whether the temperature is lower than the set value. If it is lower than the set value, the heater is triggered to heat the heat-conducting medium in the heating cavity, so that the fluid is heated and reaches a suitable temperature. By heating the heat-conducting medium in the heating cavity, the reaction area can be heated more uniformly.

[0010] Preferably, the biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria further includes a pH adjustment component for adjusting the pH value of the fluid inside the reaction area.

[0011] Further preferably, the pH adjustment component includes a pH detector, a pH controller, an alkali solution tank, an infusion tube, and a liquid pump provided on the infusion tube; the pH detector is provided in the reaction area, and the pH detector and the liquid pump are respectively electrically connected to the pH controller; the inlet end of the infusion tube communicates with the alkali solution tank, and the outlet end of the infusion tube communicates with the reaction area. The pH detector can detect the pH value of the fluid and transmit the pH value signal to the pH controller. When the pH controller determines that the pH value of the fluid is too small, it sends a signal to the liquid pump to trigger the liquid pump to pump the alkali solution inside the alkali solution tank into the reaction area. When the pH value of the fluid is within a suitable range, the pH controller sends a signal to the liquid pump again to stop pumping the alkali solution into the reaction area.

[0012] Preferably, the rotation drive assembly includes a support card slot connected to the reaction tank, a variable frequency motor provided on the support card slot, and a rotating shaft, and the variable frequency motor is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of stirring rods are provided, the stirring rods are distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the stirring rods are located in the reaction area; the plastic placement box is located at one end of the stirring rod. The variable frequency motor is used to drive the stirring rod to rotate, and the rotation speed of the stirring rod is changed by changing the power supply frequency of the variable frequency motor, which can meet the stirring requirements of fluids with different viscosities. One end of the stirring rod is connected to the plastic placement box, which improves the contact probability between the plastic and the microorganisms while mixing the culture solution of the reaction system. Moreover, setting a plurality of stirring rods can increase the amount of plastic in the reaction system and further improve the screening efficiency.

[0014] Preferably, the plastic placement box is used to place plastic; the surface of the plastic placement box is provided with openings. More specifically, the number of holes can be one or more. The plastic placement box is an open-top structure. The plastic placement box is spherical in shape and is made of stainless steel and can be manufactured by 3D printing. There is an open-top structure in the upper half of the sphere for placing the plastic for the reaction. The surface of the sphere is porous, which can effectively intercept the plastic while ensuring the circulation and exchange of the liquid inside and outside the sphere with the microorganisms. In order to enhance the aeration effect of the reaction system and increase the contact probability with the microorganisms, the plastic placement box is not static at the bottom of the biological device but is connected to an external stirring rod.

[0015] Preferably, the aeration device includes an aeration disk and a blower connected to the aeration disk, and the surface of the aeration disk is provided with air holes. The area of the aeration disk is slightly smaller than the bottom surface of the tank body. Placing it at the bottom of the tank body can ensure that the entire tank body is in an aerobic condition. The air path at the bottom of the aeration disk is connected to the blower. During the aeration process, the gas generated by the blower passes through the aeration disk and turns into tiny bubbles, which uniformly float from the bottom to the top of the reaction area. The bubbles formed by the aeration disk can disturb the culture solution and increase the contact opportunity between the microorganisms and the reaction substrate.

[0016] Advantages of the utility model:

[0017] (1) The aeration disc is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, and the generated bubbles can pass through the whole tank body, ensuring that the whole reaction system is in an aerobic state.

[0018] (2) A spherical plastic placement box is provided, which can intercept plastics without affecting the circulation and exchange of liquid and microorganisms inside and outside the sphere.

[0019] (3) After the reaction, the plastics colonized by microorganisms can be efficiently separated from the culture solution.

[0020] (4) The rotating stirring assembly is connected to the plastic placement box, which improves the contact probability between plastics and microorganisms while mixing the culture solution in the reaction system.

[0021] (5) The temperature regulating component and pH regulating component are provided to respectively regulate the reaction temperature and pH value of the fluid in the reaction area. In addition, by replacing different culture solutions, various different situations of microorganism culture can be carried out. Description of the drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria;

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the reaction tank in

[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the rotating stirring assembly in

[0025] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the plastic placement box in

[0026] Figure 5 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the temperature regulating component in

[0027] Figure 6 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the pH regulating component in

[0028] Figure 7 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the aeration device in

[0029] In the accompanying drawings: 1 - reaction tank; 101 - top cover; 102 - tank body; 103 - cavity; 1031 - reaction area; 2 - rotating stirring assembly; 201 - variable-frequency motor; 202 - support card slot; 203 - rotating shaft; 204 - stirring rod; 3 - plastic placement box; 4 - temperature sensor; 5 - temperature controller; 6 - heater; 7 - pH detector; 8 - pH controller; 9 - lye pool; 10 - infusion tube; 11 - liquid pump; 12 - discharge port; 13 - aeration disc; 14 - air blower. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] The accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on this patent; for better illustration of this embodiment, some components in the accompanying drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which do not represent the dimensions of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted. The positional relationships described in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on this patent.

[0031] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "long", "short", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on this patent. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further specifically described below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] Combined with Figures 1 to 7 A biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria shown in the figure, which includes: combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The reaction tank 1 shown in the figure, the reaction tank 1 is provided with a cavity 103 and a discharge port 12 connected to the cavity 103; combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 The rotating stirring assembly 2 shown in the figure, which includes a rotating drive assembly and a stirring rod 204. The rotating drive assembly is connected to the reaction tank 1 and is used to drive the stirring rod 204 to rotate. The stirring rod 204 is connected with a plastic placement box 3, and the stirring rod 204 is used to stir the fluid in the cavity 103.

[0035] The upper part of the plastic placement box 3 has an opening structure for placing plastics used in reactions. The surface of the plastic placement box 3 is provided with openings, which are square holes with a size of 2 mm × 2 mm. These holes can effectively intercept plastic particles and films with relatively low density, and ensure the circulation and exchange of liquids and microorganisms inside and outside the sphere. To enhance the aeration effect of the reaction system and increase the probability of contact with microorganisms, the plastic placement box 3 is not static at the bottom of the biological device but is connected to the stirring rod 204. With the agitation of the stirring rod 204, the plastics in the plastic placement box 3 will come into full contact with the microorganisms in the culture solution, and the degradation efficiency of some degrading bacteria will also be improved.

[0036] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the reaction tank 1 includes a top cover 101 and a tank body 102 connected to the top cover 101. A cavity 103 is formed between the top cover 101 and the tank body 102. Specifically, the cavity 103 includes a reaction area 1031. The top of the reaction area 1031 is connected to the atmosphere, and the bottom of the reaction area 1031 is connected to the discharge port 12. The plastic placement box 3 is located in the reaction area 1031. Further, a slot structure is provided on the top cover 101, which can be combined with the support slot 202 in the rotary drive assembly, so that the rotary drive assembly can be fixed to the reaction tank 1 for stable agitation. The gas generated by microorganisms in the reaction area 1031 and the aeration of the aeration disc 13 can float upward and be discharged into the atmosphere. A discharge port 12 is provided at the bottom of the tank body 102, which can facilitate the collection of the bacterial liquid after plastic screening and cultivation.

[0037] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the device further includes a temperature adjustment component.

[0038] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the tank body 102 includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The cavity 103 is provided on the inner cylinder. The outer cylinder is located outside the inner cylinder and a heating cavity for filling a heat-conducting medium is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. The temperature adjustment component includes a temperature sensor 4 provided in the cavity 103, a temperature controller 5 connected to the outer cylinder and located outside the outer cylinder, and a heater 6 for heating the heat-conducting medium in the heating cavity. The temperature controller 5 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 4, and the heater 6 is electrically connected to the temperature controller 5. The temperature sensor 4 can detect the temperature of the fluid and transmit the temperature signal to the temperature controller 5. The temperature controller 5 then determines whether the temperature is lower than the set value. If it is lower than the set value, the heater 6 is triggered to heat the heat-conducting medium in the heating cavity, so that the fluid is heated and reaches a suitable temperature. By heating the heat-conducting medium in the heating cavity, the fluid inside the reaction area 1031 can be heated more evenly.

[0039] Further, as shown inFigure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the rotation drive assembly includes a support slot 202 connected to the top cover 101, a variable-frequency motor 201 disposed on the support slot 202, and a rotating shaft 203. There are 3 stirring rods 204, which are distributed along the axis direction of the rotating shaft 203. The output shaft of the variable-frequency motor 201 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 203. Specifically, each stirring rod 204 includes 2 stainless steel rods, and all the stirring rods 204 are located within the reaction area 1031; the plastic placement box 3 is located at one end of the stirring rod 204. The variable-frequency motor 201 is used to drive the stirring rod 204 to rotate, and by changing the power supply frequency of the variable-frequency motor 201, the rotation speed of the stirring rod 204 can be changed to adapt to the stirring requirements of fluids and plastics with different viscosities. The setting of multiple stirring rods 204 increases the plastic reaction amount of the system and can also make the contact between the fluid and the filler more sufficient, thereby further improving the efficiency of degrading bacteria screening and plastic degradation efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7 This device further includes an aeration device, which includes an aeration disc 13 and a blower 14 connected to the aeration disc 13. The gas generated by the blower 14 is transferred to the aeration disc 13 via a gas pipe. The aeration disc 13 is a slightly convex arched surface, and a large number of air holes are distributed on the surface. The generated bubble diameter is less than 2 mm. Since its size is similar to that of the tank body 1, it can cover the bottom when placed at the bottom of the tank body 1. During the floating process of the gas generated by the aeration disc 13, it can fully pass through the entire tank body 1, making the culture solution keep uniform and fully aerobic.

[0041] The working principle or working process of this embodiment: During implementation, the culture solution (added with sodium acetate, vitamins, and trace salt elements) is injected into the reaction area 1031. The plastic for the reaction is placed in the plastic placement box 3, and the plastic placement box 3 is fixed on the stirring rod 204. After the plastic placement box 3 is installed, the entire rotary stirring assembly 2 is fixed on the top cover 101 through the support slot 202. After fixation, the variable-frequency motor 201 is started to drive the stirring rod 204 to rotate to stir the fluid; at the same time, the blower 14 is turned on, and a large number of bubbles are generated through the aeration disc 13 for aeration. During the rotation of the stirring rod 204, the culture solution and the gas continuously pass through the plastic placement box 3 and the microorganisms start to grow, making the contact between the fluid and the plastic more sufficient, and increasing the contact probability between the microorganisms and the plastic. After the reaction ends, the culture solution is discharged through the discharge port 12, and the plastic colonized by the microorganisms can be obtained from the plastic placement box 3.

[0042] The above embodiments of the present utility model can maintain aerobic conditions for microorganisms, prevent plastics from floating on the water surface, and ensure sufficient contact between plastics and microorganisms. The screening conditions of degrading bacteria can also be flexibly adjusted in-situ by means of a pH control system, a constant temperature control system, and the method of replacing the culture solution. High-efficiency screening and enrichment of degrading bacteria can be achieved.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the plastic placement box 3 is spherical in shape and made of stainless steel, and can be manufactured by 3D printing.

[0045] Embodiment 3

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0047] The device further includes a pH adjustment component. Specifically, as shown in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the pH adjustment component includes a pH detector 7, a pH controller 8, an alkali solution tank 9, an infusion tube 10, and a liquid pump 11 provided on the infusion tube 10; the pH detector 7 is connected to the top cover 101 and its probe is located in the reaction area 1031, and the pH detector 7 and the liquid pump 11 are respectively electrically connected to the pH controller 8; the inlet end of the infusion tube 10 is communicated with the alkali solution tank 9, and the outlet end of the infusion tube 10 is communicated with the reaction area 1031. The pH detector 7 can detect the pH value of the fluid in the reaction area 1031 and transmit the pH value signal to the pH controller 8. When the pH controller 8 determines that the pH value of the fluid is too small, it sends a signal to the liquid pump 11 to trigger the liquid pump 11 to pump the alkali solution inside the alkali solution tank 9 into the reaction area 1031. When the pH value of the fluid is within a suitable range, the pH controller 8 sends a signal to the liquid pump 11 again to stop pumping the alkali solution into the reaction area 1031.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model rather than to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description and ideas. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A biological device for rapid enrichment of plastic-degrading bacteria, comprising: A reaction tank (1), wherein the reaction tank (1) is provided with a cavity (103) and a discharge port (12) connected to the cavity (103); an aeration device, used for generating gas, wherein the aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank (1); A rotating stirring assembly (2), the rotating stirring assembly (2) comprising a rotating driving assembly and a stirring rod (204), the rotating driving assembly being connected to the reaction tank (1) and being used to drive the stirring rod (204) to rotate, the stirring rod (204) being connected to a plastic placement box (3), and the stirring rod (204) being used to stir the fluid in the cavity (103).

2. The biological device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction tank (1) comprises a top cover (101) and a tank body (102) connected to the top cover (101), the cavity (103) is formed between the top cover (101) and the tank body (102), and the stirring rod (204) is located in the cavity (103); The cavity (103) comprises a reaction area (1031), the top of the reaction area (1031) is connected to the atmosphere, and the bottom of the reaction area (1031) is connected to the discharge port (12).

3. The biological device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature regulating component for regulating the internal temperature of the reaction area (1031).

4. The biological device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A heating cavity filled with a heat-conducting medium is provided between the inner tube and the outer tube of the can body (102); the temperature regulating component comprises a temperature sensor (4) arranged in the cavity (103), a temperature controller (5) located outside the outer tube of the can body (102), and a heater (6) for heating the heat-conducting medium in the heating cavity; the temperature controller (5) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (4), and the heater (6) is electrically connected to the temperature controller (5).

5. The biological device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pH adjusting component for adjusting the pH value of the fluid inside the reaction area (1031).

6. The biological device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pH adjustment component comprises a pH detector (7), a pH controller (8), an alkali solution pool (9), a liquid infusion tube (10), and a liquid pump (11) arranged on the liquid infusion tube (10); the pH detector (7) is arranged in the reaction area (1031), and the pH detector (7) and the liquid pump (11) are respectively electrically connected to the pH controller (8); the liquid inlet end of the liquid infusion tube (10) is connected to the alkali solution pool (9), and the liquid outlet end of the liquid infusion tube (10) is connected to the reaction area (1031).

7. The biological device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly comprises a support slot (202) connected to the reaction tank (1), a variable frequency motor (201) arranged on the support slot (202), and a rotating shaft (203), wherein the variable frequency motor (201) is used to drive the rotating shaft (203) to rotate.

8. The biological device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of stirring rods (204) are provided, and the stirring rods (204) are distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (203). The stirring rods (204) are located in the reaction area (1031); and the plastic placement box (3) is located at one end of the stirring rod (204).

9. The biological device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic placement box (3) is used for placing plastic; and the surface of the plastic placement box (3) is provided with openings.

10. The biological device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration device comprises an aeration plate (13) and a blower (14) connected to the aeration plate (13), and air holes are arranged on the surface of the aeration plate (13).

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